INTERNATIONAL

1. SEOUL STATION

SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA

Seoul Station is the gateway to Seoul, the capital city of Republic of Korea. It is a terminus for all of the Gyeongbu line
(Seoul-Busan) KTX (Korea Train Express) trains as well as Saemaul, Mugunghwa and Nooriro (eco-friendly electric train)
trains. It is also connected to Incheon International Airport by AREX (Airport Express).

Seoul Station has the highest number of passengers in Korea, with a daily average of 100,000 passengers going in and
out of the train station complex, which includes the new building completed in 2003. Moreover, the nearby Galleria
Department Store and Lotte Mart Discount Store add to the station's attraction.

Korea Tourisim Organization (2014) Seoul Station

Retrieved from: http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_1_1_1.jsp?cid=1265888 (Date Accessed: September 7,

2014)

2. BUSAN STATION

BUSAN, SOUTH KOREA

Busan Station, ‘Gateway to South Korea,’ opened on April 1, 1908 and expanded to include Korea Trail Express (KTX)
services in 2004. With the opening of the 2nd Gyeongbu express railway, the station waiting room was expanded and a
parking lot was added on the 2nd floor. The station is a major stop on all Gyeongbu line express trains (KTX) and general
trains.

Korea Tourism Organization (2014) Busan Station

Retrieved from: http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_1_1_1.jsp?cid=1278287 (Date Accessed: September 7,

2014)
3. DORASAN STATION

GYEONGGI-DO, SOUTH KOREA

Dorasan Station, a railway station on the Gyeongui Line, is the northernmost stop on South Korea's railway line. Located
56 km from Seoul and 205 km from Pyeongyang, the station was opened as a tourist attraction on April 4, 2002 right
before the 2002 Korea-Japan World Cup.

Dorasan station can be reached by getting on the Gyeongui Line from Seoul Station. Once you reach Munsan Station,
you can transfer to a train bound for Imjingang Station. After presenting your identification at Imjingang Station, you can
get on a train bound for Dorasan Station. Since it is the northernmost part of South Korea, Dorasan Station will also play
the role of customs and immigration for visitors entering South Korea through the station when the Gyeongui Line
Railroad connection is completed.

Since this area is within the Civilian Control Zone (CCZ), visitors and tourists will only be granted access after presenting a
valid identification document at Imjingang Station.

4. AREX INCHEON INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT STATION

INCHEON, SOUTH KOREA

This complex is connected to the main station. With many amenities, not only the passangers of flights would enjoy,
locals also enjoy the place whenever they want. On the basement lies the AREX railroad waiting stop with two lines to
Seoul, the express (45 minutes) and the regular commuter track (2 hours). On the upper levels showcase a station with a
variety of amenities. It has a skating rink, movie house, restaurants, duty-free shopping malls, door to door shipping
services, taxi and bus transit stops, hair salons and medical service clinics.

KORAIL AIRPORT RAILROAD Co., Ltd. (2012) Enjoy At Incheon Int'l Airport Station

Retrieved from :
http://english.arex.or.kr/jsp/eng/tour/tour_list.jsp?tourcd=1150&category=1115&list=1150&sub_1=10&sub_2=2 (Date
Accessed: September 5, 2014)
5. GRAND CENTRAL STATION

MANHATTAN, NEW YORK USA

Grand Central Terminal (often inaccurately referred to as Grand Central Station) is a beautiful Beaux-arts building in
midtown Manhattan. First opened in 1913, Grand Central Terminal underwent a massive restoration to restore its
former glory, and is now both a transportation hub, as well as a destination in itself for visitors to New York City.

The terminal, a thruway for millions of commuters every week, offers many a chance to conjure up the romance of train
travel. Built in 1913 and revitalized with shops and restaurants in the early 2000s, Grand Central holds many secrets that
you only need to look closely to see.

Atop the station is Campbell Apartment, '30s tycoon John W. Campbell's hideaway office and a luxurious escape from
the bustle below. For great dining views, check out Michael Jordan's: The Steak House NYC on the west side of the
concourse. You can also try Grand Central Oyster Bar to experience a classic NYC spot.

Below the tracks are levels of shopping and dining-from clothiers to florists to souvenir shops. And often in Vanderbilt
Hall visiting art exhibits and other event stake place.

And don't forget to look up in the main concourse. The illustrated blue-green cathedral ceiling offers a view of the night
time sky, with constellations and other heavenly bodies-sometimes highlighted with a periodic zodiac laser show you
may be lucky enough to catch.

ABOUT (2014) Grand Central Terminal Visitors Guide

Retrieved from : http://gonyc.about.com/cs/attractions/p/grandcentral.htm (Date Accessed: Sept 9, 2014)

6. LONDON KING'S CROSS STATION

LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM

London King’s Cross is the terminus for services on the East Coast main line and is one of London’s biggest transport
hubs. The fictional Hogwart’s Express departs from platform 9¾, of course, but all other platforms serve main line
stations such as Leeds, Newcastle and Edinburgh as well as other major destinations. King’s Cross is adjacent to London
St. Pancras, for Eurostar connections, and it has more connections to the London Underground than any other London
main line station. The station has undergone major redevelopment in recent years following a £500 million initiative by
Network Rail.

The Train Line (2014) London King's Cross

Retrieved from: http://www.thetrainline.com/stations/london-kings-cross (Date Accessed: September 10, 2014)

7.OLD PENN STATION

NEW YORK, NEW YORK, USA

The original Pennsylvania Station in New York City was a vast structure that occupied two whole city blocks. The
boundaries surrounding the structure were 31st and 34th Streets, between 7th and 8th Avenues. Over 500 buildings
were initially cleared for its construction. The original structure was designed by architects McKim, Mead and White, in
the Beaux Arts style, and was erected in 1910. The building boasted an ornate exterior, arcade, waiting room, concourse
and carriage-ways. Thomas Wolfe, one of the great writers of the 20th century, remembered Pennsylvania Station as a
place where, "The voice of time remained aloof and unperturbed, a drowsy and eternal murmur below the immense and
distant roof." The building can be described as physically massive. It possessed "Nine acres of travertine and granite, 84
Doric columns, a vaulted concourse of extravagant, weighty grandeur, classical splendor modeled after royal Roman
baths, rich detail in solid stone, and an architectural quality in precious materials that set the stamp of excellence on a
city". The demolition of the original Pennsylvania Station was announced on July 25, 1961. By the time the structure was
set to be demolished, it was dilapidated due to poor maintenance and alterations, and the architectural richness of the
building likely went unnoticed by the vast number of commuters who walked through it daily. Nevertheless, as an icon
of New York City, the loss of Pennsylvania Station has played an important role in shaping New York's preservation
history.
In 1910, the Pennsylvania Railroad successfully accomplished the enormous engineering feat of building tunnels under
New York City's Hudson and East Rivers, connecting the railroad to New York and New England, knitting together the
entire eastern half of the United States. The tunnels terminated in what was one of the greatest architectural
achievements of its time, Pennsylvania Station. Penn Station covered nearly eight acres, extended two city blocks, and
housed one of the largest public spaces in the world. But just 53 years after the station’s opening, the monumental
building that was supposed to last forever, to herald and represent the American Empire, was slated to be destroyed.

PBS (2014) The Rise and Fall of Penn Station

Retrieved from: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/penn/ (Date Accessed: September 9, 2014)

New York Preservation Archive Project (2010) Pennsylvania Station

Retrieved from: http://www.nypap.org/content/pennsylvania-station (Date Accessed: September 9, 2014)

8. BUDAPEST KELETI

BUDAPEST, HUNGARY

Budapest Keleti railway station (Hungarian: Budapest Keleti pályaudvar) is the main international and inter-city railway
terminal in Budapest, Hungary.

Known to locals and foreigners alike simply as the Keleti, the station stands at the end of Rákóczi Avenue and at the
beginning of Kerepesi Avenue and Thököly Avenue. The station is named after the eastern ('keleti') direction, towards
Transylvania and the Balkans.

The building was constructed in eclectic style between 1881 and 1884 and was one of the most modern railway stations
of Europe in that time. It was planned by Gyula Rochlitz and János Feketeházy. The main façade is adorned with two
statues of James Watt and George Stephenson.

Railway Gazette (2014) Automated metro Line M4 opens in Budapest

Retrieved from: http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/urban/single-view/view/automated-metro-line-m4-opens-in-

budapest.html (Date Accessed: September 9, 2014)

9. GUANGZHOU SOUTH RAILWAY STATION

GUANGZHOU, CHINA

An impressive new railroad station has just been opened in Guangzhou, China. Designed by the London based TFP
Farrells, the "Guangzhou South Railway Station," is already in the running for a World Architecture Festival award in
transportation.

The railroad station would circulate 300,00 travelers daily and is equipped with 28 arriving and departing platforms, as
well as spaces for taxis, cars and buses. The main spine of the building is made up of a 1,140 ft (348 m) long skylight and,
thanks to the 45 degree angled roof and its hybrid structural components, allows for many column free open spaces.
Also, at both entrances, visitors are welcomed by two large vegetated plazas made up of local plants, which is a nice
touch of nature in such an industrial looking building.

Wiegmann (2011) Modern Railway Station Opens in China

Retrieved from: http://www.mymodernmet.com/profiles/blogs/modern-railway-station-opens-in-china (Date Accessed:

September 9, 2014)

10. Los Angeles Union Station

Widely regarded as “the last of the great train stations”, Los Angeles Union Station is the largest railroad passenger
terminal in the Western United States.

Originally known as the “Los Angeles Union Passenger Terminal”, it was intended to serve as a consolidation of the three
local railroad terminals and the railroads they had served (Southern Pacific, Union Pacific and Atchison, Topeka, and
Santa Fe) with construction costs shared by these railroads.

Designed in a unique blend of Spanish Colonial, Mission Revival and Art Deco styles by the father-son architect team of
John and Donald Parkinson, the facility was completed at a cost of $11 million in 1939 and opened with a lavish, star-
studded, three-day celebration attended by a half million Angelenos.

With its vast waiting room and enclosed garden patios, the station itself is a reflection of the grandeur and seductive
climate that is Los Angeles. Travelers who strolled to their trains along terra cotta tile floors with their inlaid marble
strips walked beside extravagant interior walls designed with both travertine marble and early models of acoustical tiles.

Passengers could visit the famous Harvey House restaurant, located in the southern area of the main building. Designed
by famous Southwestern architect Mary Coulter, it was the last of this line of restaurants to be constructed in a
passenger terminal.
Within just a few years of opening, Los Angeles Union Station transformed into a bustling 24-hour, seven-day-a-week
hive of activity with as many as 100 troop trains carrying tens of thousands of servicemen through the terminal every
day during World War II.

But the war ended and so did the rush of passengers, as air and automobile travel became the vogue through the next
several decades. By the 1970s, Santa Fe's legendary Super Chief and El Capitan, the Southern Pacific's Sunset Limited
and Daylight, and the Union Pacific's City of Los Angeles vanished from the rails.

In 1980, the station was entered into the National Register of Historic Places.

Currently, Los Angeles Union Station is linked to the Patsaouras Transit Plaza, which opened in 1995, and offers transit
connections to destinations throughout Los Angeles. It also serves as the primary regional hub for Amtrak’s 36 daily
trains and Metrolink’s five-county commuter train service, and as a transfer point for Metro’s Red, Purple and Gold Lines.

In April 2011, Metro completed the acquisition of the Los Angeles Union Station property, including 38 acres and 5.9
million square feet of development rights. Metro will oversee future development of the terminal to meet local office,
retail, entertainment and residential needs, as well as Southern California’s evolving transportation system. Activity at
the Los Angeles Union Station is expected to surge as expansion of Metro’s system connects more lines into the station.

A grand lady still, Los Angeles Union Station’s best years are yet to come.

Metro (2014) History of Union Station

Retrieved from: http://www.metro.net/about/union-station/history/ (Date Accessed: September 9, 2014)

LOCAL

1. OLD PACO RAILROAD STATION

PLAZA DILAO, PACO, MANILA

The Paco Railroad station celebrated its 100 years this year. The Paco railroad station came into being on March 25,
1908 when the Manila Belt Line from Tutuban to Paco Station and the railroad line from Paco Station to Binakayan,
Cavite was opened. Furthermore, the Paco Railroad Station to Muntinlupa line was inaugurated on June 21, 1908. With
the closure of the Manila-Dagupan line in the early 1990s, the Tutuban to Muntinlupa line is now the oldest railroad line
still in operation here in the Philippines.
The present Paco Railroad Station building was constructed starting in 1912 and by 1915, the station was already
complete. Paco Railroad Station is older than the Manila Post Office, Old Congress Building, Metropolitan Theater, or
the Manila City Hall and was featured in the 1922 report prepared by the Philippine Commission of Independence
parliamentary mission to the United States of America.

The Paco Railroad Station was also the scene of a heroic battle during World War II and the recapture of the station led
to the crucial defeat of the remaining Japanese forces in Manila.

Now, it is only left with a facade and a new smaller stop beside it. It hasn't been used since the war.

The Railways and Industrial Heritage Society of the Philippines, Inc. (2009) 2009 MOU with PNR

Retrieved from: http://www.rihspi.org/about/agreements/2009-mou-with-pnr/ (Date Accessed September 6,

2014)

2. MANILA METRO RAILWAY TRANSIT

The Manila Metro Rail Transit (or better known as MRT or Blue Line) has been the main mode of transportation of
commuters traveling along Epifanio Delos Santos Avenue (EDSA) in Metro Manila, gaining tremendous popularity since
its opening a decade ago. Latest statistics show that there are 10-12 million passengers every month, with around
400,000-500,000 on a daily average.

Metro Manila Directions (2010) Manila Metro Railway Transit 2

Retrieved from : http://www.metromaniladirections.com/2010/03/mrt-stations.html#ixzz3D05jEecQ (Date Accessed:
Sept. 7, 2014)

3. LIGHT RAILWAY TRANSIT 2

The Manila Light Rail Transit Line 2 (more known as LRT 2 or Purple Line ) has been the main mode of transportation of
commuters with destinations along Aurora Boulevard, Araneta Avenue, Marcos Highway, Magsaysay Boulevard, Legarda
and Recto Avenue. Unlike the MRT and LRT 1 (which both travels in a north-south route), the Purple Line travels in an
east-west manner. Latest statistics from the LRT Authority show that there the passenger count is almost 200,000 daily.
The LRT 2 has 11 stations from Recto in Manila to Santolan in the Marikina-Pasig boundary.

Metro Manila Directions (2010) Light Railway Transit 2

Retrieved from :http://www.metromaniladirections.com/2010/04/light-rail-transit-line-2-lrt-
2.html#ixzz3D0NLQyaD (Date Accessed: Sept. 7, 2014)

4. LIGHT RAILWAY TRANSIT 1

The Light Rail Transit System Line No. 1 consists of the 15km elevated railway system servicing the Taft Avenue - Rizal
Avenue route between Baclaran, Pasay City and the Bonifacio Monument in the City of Caloocan. It is considered to be
the first LRT system in Southeast Asia.

Actual construction in Manila started in September 1981 at Taft Avenue between EDSA and Libertad. By the end of 1983,
the construction had risen out of the streets over most of the route; and the shape of the new transit facility was taking
shape for all to see. The first Light Rail Vehicles (LRVs) arrived in Manila in November 1982 and construction of the
Pasay Depot became the most vital task of the whole project.

Power was turned on in the Depot and became operational in December 1983. The LRVs began trial runs on the Taft
Line in March 1984 and by September 1984 the Taft Line gave the public a view of what was to come by providing free
public passenger rides for a one week period.

After September, there was a strong coordinated effort to finish all the remaining Taft Line work and finally, on
December 1, 1984, the Taft Line was officially opened to public service.

Work on the Pasig River Bridge started in November 1984 with the super-structure floated out and put into place. By
the end of January 1985, the bridge was completed and track laid across to join up with the track on the other side.

Previous to this, there had already been a major effort on the Rizal Line side, and with the Pasig River Bridge complete,
speed trials began in February 1985. By April 1985, passenger service was extended into Carriedo, the downtown
station, and one month later, on May 12, 1985, the Rizal Line was put into service.

To operate the System, a contract was entered into between the LRTA and a specially created new company METRO INC.
- a wholly owned subsidiary of the Manila Electric Company. METRO's task would be to acquire the know-how of the
new technology and develop an efficient, well-trained organization to operate the System and manage its day to day
affairs and be responsible for all technical matters in the future.
The LRTA took over all System operations after the rank-and-file employees of METRO INC. staged a wildcat strike,
destroyed some of LRTA's properties and paralyzed the entire operation of LRT Line 1 system from July 25 to August 2 of
2000. In view of the adverse consequences brought about by the said strike on the financial position of LRTA and on the
efficient provision of LRT services to the public, the LRTA decided not to renew the 16-year Operating and Maintenance
Agreement with METRO, Inc. which coincidentally expired on July 31, 2000.

Originally, Line 1 has a length of about 13.95 km and runs from Baclaran in Pasay City to Monumento in Caloocan City.
Pasay City lies in the south-west section of Metro Manila, close to the airport. From there, the line runs in a north-
western direction, parallel to the Bay but at some distance from it along Taft Avenue to the Manila City Hall, where the
central terminal is located, then through Arroceros Street, across the Pasig River, entering the Santa Cruz district at Feati
University. From there, it follows Rizal Avenue and Rizal Avenue Extension in a northernly direction to Monumento in
Caloocan City.

Under the LRT North Extension Project, a further 5.7 km elevated line has been constructed from Monumento Station of
Line 1 to North Avenue of Line 3, with 3 additional stations namely: Balintawak, Roosevelt and a Common Station. The
opening of Balintawak Station and Roosevelt Station on March 22, 2010 and October 22, 2010 respectively, has brought
closer to the goal of "closing the loop", connecting LRT Line 1 from Baclaran to Roosevelt to the Metro Rail Transit that
runs along EDSA. With the nearing completion of the Common Station, seamless connection between the two lines will
soon be realized.

Light Rail Transit Authority (2013) Line 1 System: The LRT Line 1 System - The Green Line

Retrieved from: http://www.lrta.gov.ph/line_1_system.php (Date Accessed: Sept. 7, 2014)

5. Central Azucarera

La Carlota, Negros Occidental

Central Azucarera de La Carlota, Inc. traces its history to 1916 when it was established by the Elizalde and Ynchausti
families at Hacienda Esperanza in La Carlota, Negros Occidental at the south base of Mt. Kanlaon. Prior to its
establishment, there were already two sugar mills operating in the vicinity : Sta. Teresita and Kanlaon Mills. In 1920,
CACI absorbed Sta. Teresita and Kanlaon and began its operations for crop year 1920-21.

Starting with two crushers and nine rolls, CACI expanded in 1925 to three mills. After WWII, it added another three mills
in line with its philosophy of growth.

Expansion and modernization continued in the 70's with the installation of the Farrel Mill which increased milling
capacity to about 10,000 tons cane per day, enabling CAC to become one of the biggest raw sugar mills in the Far East.

Continued investment and modernization resulted in higher milling efficiency and manufacturing recoveries which
eventually led to the all-time high production of almost 3.4 milling Lkg bags in Crop Year 2002-2003. As a forward-
looking and socially responsible corporation, CACI is gearing for the future with renewed commitment and hope.

The Central Azucarera in La Carlota is very interesting for photographers although taking pictures inside the central and
locomotive depots is not allowed. But the scenery is stunning with Mount Kanlaon in the background.

Silent Gardens (2014) Central Azucarera in La Carlota

Retrieved from: http://www.silent-gardens.com/train.php#.VBGOyfmSzWQ (Date Accessed: September 10, 2014)