Fig.

Marshall Stability Test Apparatus

 Aggregate Gradation for Bituminous concrete in Marshall Stability Test
20 mm Nominal Size 10 mm Nominal Size
Dust (C) Filler (D) BC Grade 2
(A) (B) Cumulative %
IS Sieve % Finer % Finer % Finer % Finer Finer 30 - 40 mm Thk.
Weight of coarse Weight of Finer Weight of Dust Weight of Dust
(A+B+C+D) as per Morth
aggregate retained aggregate retained retained retained
Table 500-17
19 0 100.00 0 100.00 0 100.00 0 100.00 100 100.00

13.2 805 5.29 0 100.00 0 100.00 0 100.00 93 90-100

9.5 45 0.00 62 93.80 0 100.00 0 100.00 91 70-88

4.75 0 0.00 745 19.30 15 98.50 0 100.00 69 53-71

2.36 0 0.00 180 1.30 165 82.00 0 100.00 54 42-58

1.18 0 0.00 13 0.00 230 59.00 0 100.00 39 34-48

600µ 0 0.00 0 0.00 135 45.50 0 100.00 31 26-38

300µ 0 0.00 0 0.00 135 32.00 50 90.00 22 18-28

150µ 0 0.00 0 0.00 130 19.00 25 85.00 14 12-20

75µ 0 0.00 0 0.00 120 7.00 305 24.00 5 4-10

850 1000 500

1000
Proportions of Aggregates in
Marshall Mix Design
A 7 20 mm

B 28 10 mm

C 63 Dust

D 2 Filler

Total 100
 Calculations
Bitumen
5.25%
Content
Volume of
Height Dia. 3) Correction Corrected
Spcimen (cm Stability (KN) Flow Value
(cm) (cm) Factor Stability (KN)
(WA-WW)
S-1 6.27 10.03 8.58 8.58 2.63
S-2 6.27 10.13 9.12 9.12 2.51
513.00 1.00
S-3 6.2 10.1 9.25 9.25 2.91
Avg. 6.25 10.09 Avg. 8.98 2.68
Size of
20mm 10mm Dust Filler Bitumen
Aggregate
W1 W2 W3 W4 WB
Weight
223.68 955.1 2149.2 68.04 189
Specific
G1 G2 G3 G4 GB
Gravity
2.89 2.65 2.65 2.34 1.04
Wa Ww
1201 690
1202 680
1205 701
Avg. 1203 690
Theoretical Specific Gravity Gt 2.46
Bulk Specific Gravity Gm 2.35
Air Void Per cent Vv 4.47
Percent Volume of Biumen Vb 11.91
Voids in mineral aggregates VMA 16.38
Voids Filled with Bitumen VFB 72.71
Unit Weight 2.345

Bitumen
5.50%
Content
Height Dia. Volume of Correction Corrected
Stability (KN) Flow Value
(cm) (cm) Spcimen (cm3) Factor Stability (KN)
S-1 6.47 10.07 9.38 9.66 2.81
S-2 6.2 10 9.45 9.73 2.61
513.00 1.03
S-3 6.47 10.03 9.11 9.38 2.85
Avg. 6.38 10.03 Avg. 9.59 2.76
Size of
20mm 10mm Dust Filler Bitumen
Aggregate
W1 W2 W3 W4 WB
Weight
237.96 952.6 2143.44 68.04 198
Specific G1 G2 G3 G4 GB
Gravity 2.89 2.65 2.65 2.34 1.04
Wa Ww
1201 696
1203 689
1208 689
Avg. 1204 691
 Theoretical Specific Gravity Gt 2.45
Bulk Specific Gravity Gm 2.35
Air Void Percent Vv 4.08
Percent Volume of Biumen Vb 12.43
Voids in mineral aggregates VMA 16.51
Voids Filled with Bitumen VFB 75.29
Unit Weight 2.347

Bitumen
5.75%
Content
Height Dia. Volume of Correction Corrected
Stability (KN) Flow Value
(cm) (cm) Spcimen (cm3) Factor Stability (KN)
S-1 6.03 10.03 11.25 9.45 3.12
S-2 6.17 10.1 11.45 9.62 2.64
519.00 0.84
S-3 5.37 10.07 11.58 9.73 3.11
Avg. 5.86 10.07 Avg. 9.6 2.96
Size of
20mm 10mm Dust Filler Bitumen
Aggregate
W1 W2 W3 W4 WB
Weight
222.24 950 2137.68 68.04 207
Specific G1 G2 G3 G4 GB
Gravity 2.89 2.65 2.65 2.34 1.04
Wa Ww
1228 698
1225 698
1205 703
Avg. 1219 700
Theoretical Specific Gravity Gt 2.44
Bulk Specific Gravity Gm 2.35
Air Void Percent Vv 3.69
Percent Volume of Biumen Vb 13.05
Voids in mineral aggregates VMA 16.74
Voids Filled with Bitumen VFB 77.96
Unit Weight 2.349

Bitumen
6.00%
Content
Height Dia. Volume of Correction Corrected
Stability (KN) Flow Value
(cm) (cm) Spcimen (cm3) Factor Stability (KN)
S-1 6.03 10.07 10.12 8.91 3.18
S-2 5.53 10.03 10.58 9.31 3.29
513.00 0.88
S-3 6.03 10.07 10.88 9.57 3.22
Avg. 5.86 10.06 Avg. 9.26 3.23
Size of
20mm 10mm Dust Filler Bitumen
Aggregate
W1 W2 W3 W4 WB
Weight
236.98 947.5 2131.92 67.68 216
Specific G1 G2 G3 G4 GB
Gravity 2.89 2.65 2.65 2.34 1.04
 Wa Ww
1203 692
1196 689
1205 682
Avg. 1201 688
Theoretical Specific Gravity Gt 2.43
Bulk Specific Gravity Gm 2.34
Air Void Percent Vv 3.7
Percent Volume of Biumen Vb 13.5
Voids in mineral aggregates VMA 17.2
Voids Filled with Bitumen VFB 78.49
Unit Weight 2.341

Bitumen
6.25%
Content
Height Dia. Volume of Correction Corrected
Stability (KN) Flow Value
(cm) (cm) Spcimen (cm3) Factor Stability (KN)
S-1 5.9 10.1 9.05 7.87 3.52
S-2 5.97 10.07 10.15 8.83 3.62
S-3 5.57 10 513.00 0.87 9.32 8.11 3.58

Avg. 5.81 10.06 Avg. 8.27 3.57

Size of
20mm 10mm Dust Filler Bitumen
Aggregate
W1 W2 W3 W4 WB
Weight
236.16 945 2126.16 67.32 225
G1 G2 G3 G4 GB
Specific
2.89 2.65 2.65 2.34 1.04
Gravity
Wa Ww
1189 688
1209 680
1193 682
Avg. 1197 684
Theoretical Specific Gravity Gt 2.42
Bulk Specific Gravity Gm 2.33
Air Void Percent Vv 3.72
Percent Volume of Biumen Vb 14
Voids in mineral aggregates VMA 17.72
Voids Filled with Bitumen VFB 79.01
Unit Weight 2.333
 Summary of Test Results

Unit
Binder Content Flow Value Stability VFB Vv VMA
Weight
5.25 2.68 8.98 72.71 4.47 16.38 2.345
5.5 2.76 9.59 75.29 4.08 16.51 2.347
5.75 2.96 9.6 77.96 3.69 16.74 2.349
6 3.23 9.26 78.49 3.7 17.2 2.341
6.25 3.57 8.27 79.01 3.72 17.72 2.333
Graphs

4.00

3.50
Flow Value (mm)

3.00

2.50

2.00
5.25 5.5 5.75 6 6.25
Bitumen (%)

9.6

9.2
Stability (KN)

8.8

8.4

8
5.25 5.5 5.75 6 6.25
Bitumen (%)
 80

VFB (%) 78

76

74

72
5.25 5.5 5.75 6 6.25
Bitumen (%)

4.5

4.3

4.1
Vv (%)

3.9

3.7

3.5
5.25 5.5 5.75 6 6.25
Bitumen (%)
 17.7
VMA (%)

17.2

16.7

16.2
5.25 5.5 5.75 6 6.25
Bitumen (%)

2.36
Unit Weight

2.33
5.25 5.5 5.75 6 6.25
Bitumen (%)

Hence Optimum Bitumen Content will be taking average value of the following three bitumen
contents for Maximum Stability, Bulk Unit Weight, and median of designed limits of percent air
voids (Vv) in the total mix.

Therefore, Bo =(5.75+5.75+5.5/3)=5.65%