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All About Architecture During Akbar for Competitive Exams

Image of Agra Fort

The architecture of the Akbar period is characterized by a strength made elegant and graceful
by its rich decorative work, which reflects many traditional Hindu elements.

The style is best exemplified by the fort at Agra (built 1565–74) and the magnificent town of
Fatehpur Sikri (1569–74), but fine examples are also found in the gateway to the ʿArab Sarāʾī
(guesthouse at Humāyūn’s tomb), Delhi (1560–61), the Ajmer fort (1564–73), the Lahore fort
with its outstanding decoration (1586–1618)

The capital town of Fatehpur Sikri (named a World Heritage site in 1986) is one of the most
notable achievements of Islamic architecture in India.

The town, which was deserted only a few years after it was built, is a great complex of palaces
and lesser residences and religious and official buildings, all erected on top of a rocky ridge
26 miles (42 km) west of Agra.

The Hall of Private Audience (Diwan-i-Khas) is arresting in its interior arrangement, which
has a single massive column encircled by brackets supporting a stone throne platform, from
which radiate four railed balconies.

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Image of Diwan-I-Khas

The most imposing of the buildings at Fatehpur Sikri is the Great Mosque, the Jāmiʿ Masjid,
which served as a model for later congregational mosques built by the Mughals.

The mosque’s southern entrance, a massive gateway called the Buland Darwaza (Victory
Gate), gives a feeling of immense strength and height, an impression emphasized by the
steepness of the flight of steps by which it is approached.

All these buildings reflected Akbar's design and architectural philosophy. This "Akbari" style
of architecture

For example, Akbar's tomb, though Islamic in spirit, is a blend of styles.

The magnificent entrance, use of exquisite patterns, excellent jaali work (intricately
perforated decorative stone screens), fine Persian style calligraphy, the charbagh garden
layout (four-quartered garden layout, with the main building at the center), etc., are
representative of Islamic influence.

On the other hand, the absence of a dome, use of chhatris (small domed canopies, supported
by pillars), tiers of airy pavilions, etc., reflect a local influence, which are also found in the
buildings built by Akbar in Agra Fort and Fatehpur Sikri.

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Image of Muslim Buildings Their Own Ideas of Art

The employment of Hindu masons and architects who unconsciously introduced in the
Muslim buildings their own ideas of art.

He established a public works department and his plans were carried out by his able
architects and engineers.

Even Hindu buildings of Rajut at Amber and Jodhpur were influenced by the Mughal style of
Architecture. Not only civil buildings, but also even the Hindu temples could not escape the
nationalizing effects of Akbar’s architecture.

While Akbar had freely borrowed from indigenous temple architecture, Hindu temples
erected during his reign did not fail to borrow some of the features of the new eclectic style
evolved at Agra and Fatehpur Sikri.

Hindu temples at Vrindaban show clearly that certain of their features are borrowed from the
contemporary style of the Mughals.

Mosaic and ebony decoration, in which our craftsmen of the Mughal age were proficient, was
also lavishly used in the buildings of the time.

Glazed tiles and decorative carvings form another special feature of the Mughal architecture.

The Turkish Sultana’s palace at Fatehpur Sikri is one of the finest specimens of glazed tile
work

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Image of Sulatana's Places Jali Wok

Haram

Fatehpur sikri-panch mahal, jodhabai palace, salim Chishti tomb-inticrate jail work-climax
of jail work

Akbar built a temple of govinddev at Vrindaban

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