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International Human Resource Development Assignment # 01 Submitted To: Sir Imran Submitted By: Syed Ali Imran

The document discusses different organizational structures used by companies: product structure, geographic structure, and matrix structure. Product structure organizes a company by its products. Geographic structure divides a company by location. Matrix structure groups employees by both function and product. Each structure has advantages like responsiveness to markets, but also disadvantages like potential duplication or coordination challenges.

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56 views4 pages

International Human Resource Development Assignment # 01 Submitted To: Sir Imran Submitted By: Syed Ali Imran

The document discusses different organizational structures used by companies: product structure, geographic structure, and matrix structure. Product structure organizes a company by its products. Geographic structure divides a company by location. Matrix structure groups employees by both function and product. Each structure has advantages like responsiveness to markets, but also disadvantages like potential duplication or coordination challenges.

Uploaded by

Ali Imran
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RESOURCE

DEVELOPMENT

ASSIGNMENT # 01

SUBMITTED TO:
SIR IMRAN

SUBMITTED BY:
SYED ALI IMRAN
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
An organizational structure is a description of the types of coordination used to organize the
actions of individuals and departments that contribute to achieving a common aim. Many
organizations have hierarchical structures, but not all. Organizations are a variant of clustered
entities. An organization can be structured in many different ways, depending on their objectives.
The structure of an organization will determine the modes in which it operates and performs.
PRODUCT STRUCTURE:
There are three types of product structures:
Product Division Structure
 A structure in which centralized support functions service the needs of a number of
different product lines is called product division structure.
 Typically used by organizations whose products are broadly similar and aimed at the
same market.
Multidivisional Structure
 A structure in which support functions are placed in self-contained divisions.
 Typically used by an organization whose products are very different and that operates in
several different industries.
Product Team Structure
 A product structure in which specialists from the support functions are combined into
product development teams.
 Typically used by an organization whose products are very technologically complex or
whose characteristics change rapidly to suit customer needs.

ADVANTAGES

 managers specialize but have broader experience


 easier to assess work-unit performance
 decision making is faster
DISADVANTAGES
 duplication often increases costs
 difficult to coordinate across department
GEOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE:
 When an organization experiences control problems that are a function of geography, a
geographic divisional structure is used.
 Such a structure organizes divisions according to the requirements of different locations.
 Organizations that are spread over a wide area may find advantages in organizing along
geographic lines so that all the activities performed in a region are managed together.
 Important characteristics of a region may make it advantageous to promote a local focus.
For example, marketing a product in Western Europe may have different requirements
than marketing the same product in Southeast Asia or in Asia for that matter.
 In addition, experience gained in a regional division is often excellent training for
management at higher levels.
ADVANTAGES
 Responsive to demand of different markets.
 Reduce costs by locating resources close to customers.

DISADVANTAGES

 duplication of resources
 difficult to coordinate across departments
MARIX STRUCTURE
 The matrix structure groups employees by both function and product.
 Functional departmentalization commonly is combined with product groups on a project
basis. For example, a product group wants to develop a new addition to its line; for this
project, it obtains personnel from functional departments such as research, engineering,
production, and marketing.
 These personnel then work under the manager of the product group for the duration of the
project, which can vary greatly.
  A matrix organization frequently uses teams of employees to accomplish work, in order
to take advantage of the strengths, as well as make up for the weaknesses, of functional
and decentralized forms.

ADVANTAGES
 One advantage of a matrix structure is that it facilitates the use of highly specialized staff
and equipment. Rather than duplicating functions as would be done in a simple product
department structure, resources are shared as needed.
 In some cases, highly specialized staff may divide their time among more than one
project.
 In addition, maintaining functional departments promotes functional expertise, while at
the same time working in project groups with experts from other functions fosters cross-
fertilization of ideas.

DISADVANTAGES

 The disadvantages of a matrix organization arise from the dual reporting structure.
 The organization's top management must take particular care to establish proper
procedures for the development of projects and to keep communication channels clear so
that potential conflicts do not arise and hinder organizational functioning.
 Top management is responsible for arbitrating such conflicts, but in practice power
struggles between the functional and product manager can prevent successful
implementation of matrix structural arrangements.

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