Chapter 2

Preamble

This study examined the Linguistic Diversities of Region XI as a problem encountered in

the implementation of Mother Tongue Based Multilingual Education. The main objective

of this study is to address the linguistic diversity in Region XI as problem in Mother Tongue

Based Multilingual Education. Linguistic Diversity in a country which has a rich cultures

and linguistic differences. Davao del Sur was one of the regions in the Philippines with

unique language Diversities from the ethnic group which lies within its scope. The MTB-

MLE program used 12 Dialects as translations used by different provinces and

municipalities here with our country, Cebuano was one of the few, unfortunately for us,

most of the students and even teacher, parents and some of the administrators finds

difficulties with the sinugbuanong bisaya translation making it hard for them, especially

the students to cope up with the lesson with unfamiliar words being used. This chapter is

divided into several section addressing the choice of research design, selection of

informants, data collection, data analysis.

Research Design or Method

The case study method was used in this study because it is well- suited in answering the

research questions appropriately and adequately. I chose case study method because it

allows the examination of the phenomenon in depth using various kinds of evidence

obtained from interviews with those involved. Also, the case study was used because the

focus of the study is more to describe and explain rather than prediction, and the variable

studied is note easily unidentifiable or embedded in the phenomenon to be extracted for

study (Merriam, 1988). In addition, the case study allows for empirical inquiry of

phenomenon within its real-life context, especially when the boundaries between

phenomenon and context are not clearly evident (Yin, 2003).

Research Participants

In this study, looking at the Linguistic Diversities as a problem encountered by the learners

as well as with the facilitators in implementing the Mother Tongue Based Multilingual

Education (MTB-MLE). The participants have been teaching at random schools situated

here in Region XI. I was able to identify prospective and qualified participants by engaging

with the school principal and collecting data for performing this case study with their

willingness.

Data Source

Qualitative Interviews were the origins of the information that I analyzed. Qualitative

interviews help you to describe, examine and understand the feelings of the research

subjects. The type of question interviews was more on open-ended questions to gather

in-depth information from the subjects. The data collection through interview involves the

introduction of oral-verbal stimuli and the oral-verbal response. An interview is usually a

face-to-face interaction with the interviewer between a researcher and a participant,

(Creswell, 2012).

The interviews were recorded in this study, and it was also transcribed.
Data Collection

In data collection, two instruments were used the semi-structured interview and the

observation in the classrooms. The lack of existing studies is that the most of them used

questionnaires to obtain data and interview data, (Farrell and Ives, 2014).

The data was gathered over a three-month period. Multiple dara sources were gathered

during this period. One contextual interview with the students, one semi-structured

interview of each participants and follow-up interviews for each instructor.

Data Analysis

Continuous and recursive data analysis, (Lincoln & Gulba, 1985). The concerns of the

study driven data collection and analysis. These were the data’s gathered and examined

together with the field notes when all the findings and interviews were transcribed.

Before any conclusions were made, findings were viewed against the transcripts in order

to get feedbacks from the research subjects, different member test were conducted

whenever possible, before the data analysis was done. Findings were presented in

charts, for each facilitator, a comparison of the data from the interview and the

observational data made it possible.

Trustworthiness of the Study

The researcher has established the confidence by the data’s being gathered, transcribed

and analyzed through several strategies. Triangulation requires the use of multiple

strategies to help draw a conclusion, such as analysis from interviews. According to

Babbie and Mouton (2001 :276) the central considerations regarding objectivity in the
qualitative research process is trustworthiness. Trustworthiness refers to whether the

instrument used for measuring can provide the same observations or results with different

units of analysis under different circumstances (Neuman, 2000:125-126). Although it is

not possible to control all the factors that can affect the objectivity and trustworthiness of

the present study, it is of utmost importance to marginalize these factors where possible

(Trollip, 1991 b:102).

Role of the Researcher

In this case study, my role was to define the problem of the study and show the study was

carried out, to design the methodological procedure, to conduct interviews by asking

probing questions, and transcribe every data collected, then analyze.

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Research Design and Methodology

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