0% found this document useful (0 votes)
373 views16 pages

Sec. 1 Perancangan Alat 1

1. The document provides information on vessel design including types of vessels, vessel components, and sample design problems. It discusses open tanks, cylindrical vessels, spherical vessels, pressure vessels, heads, dimensions needed for design, and provides 4 sample design problems to solve for vessel dimensions. 2. Sample design problems include solving for vessel dimensions given process parameters like flow rates, densities, heating requirements, contact times and determining the diameter, height, volume and heads needed. 3. Dimensional relationships and equations for volume are presented to aid in the vessel dimension calculations for the problems.

Uploaded by

Faisal El-arif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
373 views16 pages

Sec. 1 Perancangan Alat 1

1. The document provides information on vessel design including types of vessels, vessel components, and sample design problems. It discusses open tanks, cylindrical vessels, spherical vessels, pressure vessels, heads, dimensions needed for design, and provides 4 sample design problems to solve for vessel dimensions. 2. Sample design problems include solving for vessel dimensions given process parameters like flow rates, densities, heating requirements, contact times and determining the diameter, height, volume and heads needed. 3. Dimensional relationships and equations for volume are presented to aid in the vessel dimension calculations for the problems.

Uploaded by

Faisal El-arif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

PERANCANGAN ALAT 1

Christyfani Sindhuwati, S.T., M.T.


RAGAM DIAGRAM PROSES
Block Flow Diagram (BFD) • All process flow streams will be shown
and identified by a number.
• Operations shown by blocks • A description of the process conditions
• Major glow lines shown with arrows and chemical composition of each
giving direction of flow stream will be included
• Flow goes from left to right whenever • All utility stream supplied to major
possible equipment that provides a process
function will be shown
• Light stream (gases) toward top with
heavy stream (liquid and solid) toward The basic information provided by a PFD
bottom can be categorized into on of the
following:
• Simplified material balance provided
• Process topology
Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
• Stream information
• All the major pieces if equipment will be
represented in the diagram along with a • Equipment information
description of the equipment
Process Flow Diagram
Sarjana Terapan
Teknik Kimia
INDUSTRI

Dapat bekerja
dengan data
Research and yang kurang
Process
Design Design
Development
Keputusan yang
rasional
Manufacturing Sales Equipment
Design
Pengalaman
yang dimiliki
ALAT PROSES

Penggerak Pemindah Pengangkut Penyimpanan


Reaktor Pemisah
Fluida Panas Padatan Padatan

Berdasar functional Pertimbangan


Prosedur Mencegah
service yang ekonomi (materi,
Pembuatan kegagalan service
dibutuhkan vessel ukuran)

necking corrosion fatigue


+Q ; -Q Liquid-liquid ; liquid-
Form of solid; solid-gas; liquid-
Phases in gas
energy
contact
supplies

Batch or Catalytic or
Batch, fed-batch, continuous non catalytic Fixed bed, fluidized
continuous bed
VESSEL Autoclave: high pressure vessel with agitation
and heating sources
• a container : handling liquids and gasses Distillation column: vessel containing a series
• Example : Brownell pg: 1 of vapor-liquid contractors
Heat exchanger: vessel for the transfer of heat

THE TYPE OF VESSEL : Open Tanks:


1. Open Tanks • Surge tanks between operations
2. Flat bottomed, vertical cylindrical tanks • As settling tanks, decanters. Reservoirs
3. Vertical cylindrical and horizontal vessel • Cheaper than covered or closed vessel
with formed end Closed Tanks:
4. Spherical or modified spherical vessel • Combustible fluids, fluid emitting fluids,
gasses (stored)
• Dangerous chemical (aced, caustic)
THE TYPE OF VESSEL : Cylindrical Vessel with Flat Bottoms and
1. Open Tanks Conical or Domed Roofs
2. Flat bottomed, vertical cylindrical tanks • The most economical design
3. Vertical cylindrical and horizontal vessel • Tanks with conical roofs = limited to
with formed end essentially atmospheric pressure
4. Spherical or modified spherical vessel
• Tanks with domed roofs = 2,5 to 15
lb/in2, smaller diameter and greater

Spherical and Modified Vessel Cylindrical Vessel with Formed Ends


• Storage container for large volumes • Stronger design
• Less than 12 ft in diameter if shipped by
• Moderate pressure rail
• Gasses storage • 35 ft in diameter and 200 ft in length
• The formed head include the
hemispherical, elliptical dished,
torispherical, conical, and standard dished
Volume Tangki
Volume Liquid
Volume Ruang Nozzle
Kosong Manhole
Diameter silinder Handhole
Tebal silinder Stiffener
Tebal tutup Penyangga
Pengaduk
Bejana Bertekanan Dalam

P1 > P2
P gauge= P1 - P2 Vertikal Horizontal
P1 P2
Memperluas cross
Ruang lebih kecil
section

Mudah Mempermudah
mendistribusikan fluida pembersihan internal
Bejana Bertekanan Luar

Bejana Bejana
P1 < P2 Bejana Tipis Bejana Tebal
Pendek Panjang
P gauge= P2 - P1
Ls/d ≤ 5 Ls/d≥ 5 Ts <5% d Ts >5%d
P1 P2
Flanged
Flat Head
Only Head

Ellipsoidal
Dished Head
Head

Hemispherical
Conical Head
Head
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝑄 × 𝜃
V3 ha
Volume total = Volume liquid + Volume ruang kosong

𝑉𝑇 = 𝑉𝑙 + 𝑉𝑟𝑘
V2 𝑉𝑇 = 𝑉1 + 𝑉2 + 𝑉3
Ls
𝜋𝑑 3 𝜋𝑑 2 𝐿𝑠
𝑉1 = ; 𝑉2 =
1 4
24𝑡𝑔 2 𝛼
V1
α hb 𝑉3 = 0.0847𝑑 3

d 𝑑
ℎ𝑎 = 0.169𝑑 ; ℎ𝑏 =
1
2𝑡𝑔 2 𝛼
Penampung Pengaduk Pengaduk+Pemanas Kontaktor
𝑉𝑙 = 80%𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑙 = 75%𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑙 = 70%𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑙 = 65%𝑉𝑇
Latihan Soal:
1. Sebuah bejana digunakan untuk menampung fluida dengan laju alir sebesar
125 ft3/jam dengan waktu tinggal rata-rata liquida 1 jam. Tutup atas
berbentuk standard dished head dan tutup bawah berbentuk conical
dengan sudut puncak 120°. Apabila tinggi silinder sebesar 1,5 kali diameter
bejana, desainlah dimensi bejana tersebut.
2. Sebuah bejana digunakan untuk menampung liquida sebesar 125 ft3,
dengan tutup atas berbentuk standard dished head dan tutup bawah
berbentuk conical dengan sudut puncak 90°. Apabila liquida hanya
menempati bagian silinder dan bagian tutup bawah, sehingga tinggi liquida
dibagian silinder dengan diameter bejana berbanding 6:5, dan ruang kosong
diperkirakan sebesar 30% dari volume total, desainlah dimensi bejana
tersebut.
3. Sebuah bejana dirancang untuk memanaskan liquid dengan densitas 80,5
lb/ft3 dengan kapasitas panas 0,52 Btu/lb°F dari suhu 86°F menjadi 300°F.
Untuk mencapai suhu tersebut waktu pemanasan diperkirakan 1,5 jam dan
sebagai pemanas digunakan steam jenuh denganlaju alir 908,68 lb/jam dan
panas latent 1183 Btu/lb. Tutup atas berbentuk standard dished head dan
tutup bawah berbentuk conical dengan sudut puncak 120°. Apabila ruang
kosong diperkirakan sebesar 40% dari volume total dan tinggi bagian liquid
`silinder sebesar 1,5 kali dimeter bejana, desainlah dimensi bejana
tersebut.
4. 4500 lb/jam liquid dengan densitas 65,3 lb/ft3 pada suhu 190°C
dikontakkan dengan gas yang memiliki rate 250 lb/jam dan densitas 0,03
lb/ft3 dengan waktu kontak dalam bejana selama 2 jam. Kecepatan
supervisial gas 90 ft/menit. Apabila tutup atas adalah standard dished head
dan tutup bawah conical dengan sudut puncal 120°. Desainlah dimensi
bejana tersebut.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy