4W-ay — Le “beef (% HD be Ardy C2) lo\ nea nt o ©. a — 3 uu" ylul<4-implies eoies * xl) 2 ¢ 22(f. Tak )- - z4we Saal pawl Senne LWW Wh 3 a {rei Gol “det ot anti viwl< ah oe 14. a ie Fag = i crete 2 Ce Oe fa(s120") = eangrel" ly Sr TECCCELLLEEC FAT WAMHAVVNNN0D)99a 20): Loe ~ ~ tn(vae): Ze ane ag (ocala «(iene ela he = fe: Seay om tener fat ey — f= HL an lo f= By cep oe an ma 2nt3) _ = . Tayler Series — fi) FEO al, £ Yay i is the, n* derivative of _Usi —_ f@ aa £0 (a) = (a). — em Te Ff") )#4"(a) ro ihe _— et y- 5 £90) 2 _ @ «0 fo)= al — oo a a tie gf "fe ea x. —* called te eae Series f F —_ + Example z a F)= sink KEE FiO) = Me) cosx PNK F'G0)=4 — is (x)= -ginx Ao) a ee Ailes cas hole > Si ~ ee te | Pr Series Cansider the series = Ercan’ w) cadias F_ - meee R70. ee6a2 KGa +e aye “ta | General we a ay | Q)= B cae ayn | ney | eae + Examp: eee Recall: ae 3 YER (using Dé) | Using MS. * : fh Pre. are, va!Nc DATE 489 oft GE wile FeV 69-8 (tmp, (0) = s £@ Be coy" > Fi: (Hx)E = t+ be + ee ee oe 3 *Exarnple! Fra Moclaurin series of £2 [2% | Hint | Maclaurin s Y =o ytt, e LO, LO) “3 : 80x a (ex = whe dae tae 13-5 4 . ra Fe Series. Of £ is given 4 = ox “1a 4, £5105, Sout +. on? Fear lian Gak exe Ra eile gle aha) ory 3 sl #* am Fb Heney*C2)=—(rD8)™ : ‘pine Be] 46 HRY 2) Flea eye EE) any Mla) 195 (any —— FQ 13-57 (9) VE sExample: FC ~pMo) = 13 f)= J4ex Sr, FO MOS POM SE Ss FOE Pet MOF file)= “de 1x) = FOr kT hse §O(0) = My, ~163 45 (2-8) (+2x)F = x Mey xn azo nl FO) +O) X+ 5 £0) 0. = _ sBinomial Sries Suppos% a=] arc b=x and apply the binomial theorem hy the expression (1+*)”, where mézt Then we obtain a power series tram 22), me uae “lade mnt) gf — called at Moclaucin’ Series for (4t0™ o Binomial Series 4“i ea | ee ~Setution:, mis. any y ceal number then f= fer (mr 0 mi(m-i) ++ “orn «f Fecal: forall in of xs a talet “ra me¢mu mint ut if : = : : @y . Dy te oon bo a ae e i a oe _ eos : Jala X\12 = 3 a era: ae, rn Rate wne aa ors F : 8) i | (rere! x (avy [ated] aoe = —s2fteh és + 5 SVE yo Maa ) Ce ieaanG: 2m = m(e¥) \e — ‘@ 3 ay 2G Oe 2)\G- Lean ag, curt) xet M.S. of (4x) ; 2 FER )= A “a 30" Fag? a £1)? mC ae 205 R288 yh <4 F'Ga= men) (Aex™? +? 3 e atalgt rod e ee Dered)! oe a e Graal" Godt 21 ree ; _ m(m-l) = : oe coer ase : : = Te £%) =a! mCn (4x)? lul<4 + gions a — ca + Example BI + ke___— Use tre binomial series fo A R=g 7 find the Maclaurin series fr £9) Sen ————‘ sExample: 1s Lardy re HH = Eweos(ut) | Approximate V5 5 - ade Solution: ‘ 5 7 -& Odin piterential uations, 152 (44)"= a a econ Cerentia) ae : —0(nd), et met — a ; aT 4 ot) Cy an : Wise Gre terms) J,0)= 3s le x weal ene lta) 2 2, miin-Nim2)s 4 Bessel’, Function of Index Be a : = — - "mnt ested “Example: | a "ea Fela) ca saaion : sefirks SD. 4, HRI), the toe : 3 a yl ty HyO CG y: Tae z CO. Dn_ et | = (nt ®. gn = Te 15 y's 5 a a "ans (2n-1) 2rd ' of ren ahs Bit Ae yey 9 oe (nl Qn ‘ jaf pate : a 4Y'(an)(2n-4) «Introduction to Dierential 23 yg Equations o oe 7 | # Differential Equations (DE) a con on are equations containing ore ree (0!) oc More varia! 1 CAT Alot et = oe 2 a art ak AT 2 » | vyVSSSSSNNSVYVVVL TTT 2222222221 RKIca ~% EKKO EA Kor & XE Kath + AZ PT TAP Sepa Differential Equations (al 2" (eggs grt (y)y!= h@) F ae ¥ ba ay : = Vege Ek Tea = a Applicahons ns ried es = ~e Newtonian Law of Gravitation Bean eaten : ~ acceleration = Tone i ahs Fe ato of EMME CHO fun 4he center earth Cite Leer} oe k= constant of peprticnality 2S 9 Soe ee = 20 1— & ad at 7 oe dx, df dk). d yng — ; : ate (4 )-g ()=a *Initial- Value Problem CivP) x2 Sudt —— 2 Vadt Theorem sEscape Velocity Consider the IVP! Ves 2oR=0 \ = (208 Y £G6Y)i Ye) = Yo — Sete eae equation Ref GE R?: x-%14 a, a | hly-yole by + Orthogonal Tehectories # F(xy) & {yo ae The curves of a family C continuous On are Said to be ortnogonal ££ (xy) 2M in 4, forsee M70 sajertories of the Curves of - ahs b a family K and vice versa. if ane {* a and only Feach cune of either Then: Family is ntersected byat least there exists AuNigue Solution one ene & the other family 4) on the interval x-x Sh and ak every intersection of of Won tape oF C wl ecu’ of K the two dunt are L rity Leap| DATE : a re a “Example * a — 4 | Find the orthogonal _ =» WU = a , “ frojectories o the fomiye Y?o-y 7 a 4 goraloolas wi vertices at the ee e-adx 9 J i Saxe i origin o and foci onthe Yaxis. Ly = ro kK isaconstant 4 ion? rs) a 4 ferabgloe wiV@,0) ) Cp a 4 | = 4px ~ re x 1 \ = 4: 4 = 4px ee Ellipse Coo) “ek ooo Kee 1, ko0- “Mae ll y-axis : “ample Find J the axthegonal trajectories of the family of circles wie pass through the Points C10) and (4,0), 7 Draw iseveral representative. ¢ Curves” of each family = oo eager reergne Solution _Crrele passes eh Ao) s Ge) | eamiye= sol Yedox > 4p= ¥ - : 1)| Wiig apigmieey S center on the yraxis = Clok) , r-radius ‘ ow co)? + (yk)P =r? = we # -K)* er? __—»—»/ @4,07: tehter? i 2 x sty “Ky? = ek? ee Podky = tt = : ox * 2k =4 Piaget a = 2x+ Qgy! > kyl oO = os . oy +2 uy! ~2ky © (y= Apch) 2 ape “hay =0 yt = Hee ae 4px: fon 24: he yay ~x% Lyte): pay ' : _ -2x “ _ ys Ky pe 208. _ ex 241 is not variable > ye Sepa o “exact *DE soe . + Example: VG oo Find’ the ea @ (0,4) | 12 4peh) 5 4pe-t trajectories of the family of _ fete he fixet, i “fr a paratolas passing threw Sine pois tCoAard (ot) > yt Cx¥4 : . et 7 w/vertices on the x-axis, :8) G3} fees ——— Hosea ny? = aK? se, Q= 4k So? tyr ety tay a Cy — & oo 2xteg? ye Ce’ aa PEPE ee CECA YAAYYYSS