ROMANIAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY

Mehedinți Branch

R. M. M. - 27
ROMANIAN MATHEMATICAL
MAGAZINE

WINTER EDITION 2020

ISSN 2501-0099
Romanian Mathematical Society-Mehedinți Branch 2020

ROMANIAN MATHEMATICAL
SOCIETY
Mehedinți Branch

ROMANIAN MATHEMATICAL MAGAZINE

R.M.M.

Nr.27-WINTER EDITION 2020

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 Romanian Mathematical Society-Mehedinți Branch 2020

ROMANIAN MATHEMATICAL
SOCIETY
Mehedinți Branch
DANIEL SITARU-ROMANIA EDITOR IN CHIEF
ROMANIAN MATHEMATICAL MAGAZINE-PAPER VARIANT
ISSN 1584-4897
GHEORGHE CĂINICEANU-ROMANIA
D.M.BĂTINEȚU-GIURGIU-ROMANIA
CLAUDIA NĂNUȚI-ROMANIA
NECULAI STANCIU-ROMANIA
FLORICĂ ANASTASE-ROMANIA
DAN NĂNUȚI-ROMANIA EDITORIAL BOARD
IULIANA TRAȘCĂ-ROMANIA
EMILIA RĂDUCAN-ROMANIA
DRAGA TĂTUCU MARIANA-ROMANIA
DANA PAPONIU-ROMANIA
GIMOIU IULIANA-ROMANIA
DAN NEDEIANU-ROMANIA
OVIDIU TICUȘI-ROMANIA
MARIA UNGUREANU-ROMANIA
DANIEL STRETCU-ROMANIA
ROMANIAN MATHEMATICAL MAGAZINE-INTERACTIVE JOURNAL
ISSN 2501-0099 WWW.SSMRMH.RO
DANIEL WISNIEWSKI-USA
VALMIR KRASNICI-KOSOVO EDITORIAL BOARD

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CONTENT

HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO EDITOR-IN-CHIEF OF OCTOGON MATHEMATICAL MAGAZINE -

MIHÁLY BENCZE – 65 YEARS! – D.M. Bătinețu- Giurgiu, Daniel Sitaru and Neculai
Stanciu………………………………………………………………………................................................................4

ABOUT JI CHEN’S INEQUALITY – D.M. Bătinețu- Giurgiu...............................................................7

STRUCTURI ALGEBRICE (IV) – Vasile Buruiană………………………………………...……………................8

ABOUT SOME APPLICATIONS OF INTEGRAL CHEBYSHEV’S INEQUALITY – Florică
Anastase.............................................................................................. …………………...…….......12

ABOUT AN INEQUALITY IN TRIANGLE FROM RMM-2019 – Marin Chirciu…………………............18

A NEW DEMONSTRATION OF RAMUS-E.ROUCHE-BLUNDON DOUBLE INEQUALITY AND IT’S

CONSEQUENCES – Marian Dincă………………...............................................................……………20

METRIC RELATIONSHIPS IN CHIRIȚĂ’S TRIANGLE – Daniel Sitaru, Claudia Nănuți…………..….25

SPECIAL PROBLEMS IN ROMANIAN MATHEMATICAL CONTESTS - Marian Ursărescu..........29

ABOUT CALCULUS OF SOME AMAZING LIMITS - Florentin Vișescu………………............................30

A SIMPLE PROOF FOR SIERPINSKY’S INEQUALITY - Daniel Sitaru …………..………………………..32

A DEFINITIVE WAY OF SOLVING MATHEMATICS PROBLEMS-Srinivasa Raghava……………….33

ABOUT PROBLEM IX.33-RMM 24,SPRING EDITION 2020-Marin Chirciu…………………………..36

PROPOSED PROBLEMS…………………………………….………………………………………………………………...39

INDEX OF PROPOSERS AND SOLVERS RMM-27 PAPER MAGAZINE.……………………………………104

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HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO EDITOR-IN-CHIEF OF OCTOGON MATHEMATICAL

MAGAZINE - MIHÁLY BENCZE – 65 YEARS !
By D.M. Bătineţu-Giurgiu, Daniel Sitaru and Neculai Stanciu
ABSTRACT. This paper is a dedicated to Mihály Bencze who is celebrating his 65 years.
Mihály Bencze

Mihály Bencze, born on 20 November 1954 in Săcele-Négyfalu, Braşov, Romania. He is

teacher of mathematics. He received Ph. D. in mathematics in 2010. He is Editor in Chief of
math journal Gamma (1978 - 1989) which becomes in 1993 Octogon Mathematical
Magazine; also he is editor in chief and member of many other scientific journals all over the
world. The first mathematical journal of the town Braşov (Brassó, Kronstadt) was founded by
Mihály Bencze in the year 1978, named ’’Gamma’’. Mihály Bencze was the editor-in-chief
and the members of the editorial board were the following: Constantin Ionescu-Ţiu, József
Sándor, Alexandru Lupaş, Florentin Smarandache, József Benkő, Alexandru Blaga, Zoltán
Tuzson, Florin Popovici, Viorel Gh. Vodă, Ovidiu Pop, E. Grosswald (USA), Leroy F. Meyers
(USA), Francisco Bellot (Spain). Mihály Bencze contributed to ’’Gamma’’with 9000 Proposed
Problems, 150 Open Question and 250 articles during 12 volumes between 1978-1989. In
April 1989 the ’’Gamma’’ journal was suppressed by the Romanian Communist party for
unclarified reasons, and till 1983 it had a latency period functioning as a prohibited journal.
In 1993, Mihály Bencze, laid down bases of the Octogon Mathematical Magazine written in
english and became the legal succesor of the former ’’Gamma’’ journal. During these years
Octogon Mathematical Magazine is published two times a year in April and October.

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Topics covered by Octogon Mathematical Magazine: general, inequalities, history and
biography, mathematical logic and foundations, combinatorics, number theory, general
algebraic systems, real functions, integrations, geometry, and others in all areas of pure and
applied mathematics. Aims and scope: Octogon Mathematical Magazine publishes high
quality original research papers and survey articles, proposed problems and open questions.
The Octogon Mathematical Magazine promote mathematical culture in the world of the
mathematical sciences and to facilitate the exchange of resources.
The publishing process in the Octogon Mathematical Magazine begins with the author's idea
for the work itself, continuing as a collaboration between the author and the editor as the
work is created. As such, editing is a practice that includes creative skills, human relations,
and a precise set of methods. The title of the top editor at many publications may be known
as the editor in chief, executive editor, or simply the editor. A frequent and esteemed
contributor to a magazine may acquire a title of editor at-large or contributing editor.
The top editor sometimes has the title executive editor or editor-in-chief. This person is
generally responsible for the content of the publication. An exception is large newspapers,
who usually have a separate editor for the editorials and opinion pages to separate news
reporting and editorial content. The editor-in-chief sets the publication standards for
performance, and motivates and develops the staff. The editor-in-chief is also responsible
for developing and maintaining the publication budget. In concert with the publisher and the
operating committee, the editor-in-chief is responsible for strategic and operational
planning. The editor-in-chief is effectively the head of this magazine and has considerable
influence on its content. One of the great strengths of the present editorial team of Octogon
is the ability of its members to cooperate on as a whole. The Octogon Mathematical
Magazine has thousand-pages of research papers which often becomes the next hundred-
pages articles and notes in a popular journals, and this keeps the volume of mathematics
manageable, what can be accessible to the students, graduate students or their teachers of a
future academic generation. One might think that such magazine are of interest only the
researchers and problem buffs, but this is not quite so. These articles, notes, proposed
problems and open questions – created by mathematicians, often with considerable
qualifications and experience, are used and adapted to become accessible to a wide range of
students and to foster some interesting investigations to highlight ideas, approaches and
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results, even if they cannot be directly imported into general classroom situations, they can
often be reworded. Even if the research cannot take into account all variables and cannot
answer definitively all of the questions, we might ask about mathematics, we can expect
research in mathematics to be helpful in many ways. The research it can: answer questions,
inform us, educate us, prompt new questions, create reflection and discussion, clarify
situations, help make educational decisions, challenge what we currently do as educators,
etc. Above all, despite educational research provides information that the community of
educators can use. Also we can use the research to shift from the ’’Yesterday’’ mind to the
’’Tomorrow’’ mind (see e.g. *3+).. The Octogon Mathematical Magazine is an inclusive
professional community of researchers and teachers who promote research in mathematics.
The Octogon Mathematical Magazine focuses on promoting research-based innovations
related to preparation and continued professional enhancement in mathematics. Target
audiences include teachers, researchers, higher education, faculty members, the secondary,
undergraduate and graduate levels.Mihály Bencze has published thousands of problems,
notes and articles in many scientific journal all over the world and also he has published
many books for Mathematical Contests. Mihály Bencze is: the organizer of Rubik’s contest
(1980) , the president of association Wildt József, the scientific leader of Fulgur publisher of
Braşov (since 1993), the founder of the International Hungarian mathematical Competition,
the founder of the Wildt József International Mathematical Competition. Also he is editor-in-
chief of 20 journals, editor to other 20 magazine and mentor for other 20 journals.
His creative work is amazing: has published over 1000 articles, 20 books and over 20.000
proposed problems and open questions in almost all the journals with columns of Problems
all over the world. The fact that Mihály Bencze, is a example for many pupils, students,
teachers and colleagues was proved in this paper and others to (e.g [6] , [7], [8], [9]). It has
been a great pleasure for us to have developed on ongoing friendship with such a modest
and such a refined and talented mathematician. Another important feature of his character
is the fact that he does not upset anyone, not ever judge people, is always happy and
respect all - and that means for him to be human.We are sure we speak on behalf of all
lovers of mathematics when we say:“Mihály Bencze may you live long, and continue to write
books, to submit articles, proposed problems and open questions to enjoy us”.
Happy birthday to our amazing Editor-In-Chief Mihály Bencze.
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ABOUT JI CHEN’S INEQUALITY

By D.M. Bătinețu-Giurgiu – Romania

Ji Chen’s inequality: If ( ), then:

( ). / (J.C)
( ) ( ) ( )

and this inequality was published in Crux Mathematicorum magazine, vol. 20, Nr. 4, pp. 108,
year 1995. This problem was also given to Iran’s Mathematical Olympiad in 1996.

Bellow we give a generalization of this inequality:

Theorem: Let be and , then:

( ( ) ( ) ( ) ). .
( ) ( ) ( )
/ / (*)

Proof: We have: ∑ ( ) ∑ ( ( ) ) ⏞

( ) ∑ √⏟ ( ) ( )∑ (1)

and ∑ .∑ /
( ) ( )

:∑ ; ( ) ∑ √⏟ ( *
( ) ( )

( )∑ ( )
(2)

From (1) and (2) inequality (*) becomes:

: ∑( ) ;: ∑ ( )
;
( )

( )( ) :∑ ; :∑ ;
( )

( )( ) . Q.E.D.

Observation. If in inequality (*) we take we obtain Ji Chen inequality.

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STRUCTURI ALGEBRICE (IV)

By Vasile Buruiană – Romania

14. Fie inel integru comutativ. Atunci sunt echivalente:

a) este factorial

b) In nu există șiruri astfel ca și , și orice pereche de

elemente din are cmmdc.

c) In nu există șiruri astfel ca și și orice element

ireductibil din este prim.

Demonstrație: Pentru a) b) și a) c) este suficient și arătăm că nu există șiruri cu

proprietatea anunțată. Dacă prin absurd ar exista astfel de șiruri notând ( ) numărul
factorilor ireductibili în care se descompune ( ) ( ) ceea ce este absurd.

b) c) evident din Proprietatea 2.

c) a) Este sufficient să arătăm că orice element nenul și neinversabil din se descompune

în produs finit de elemente ireductibile.

Dacă nu ar avea o descompunere finită un element atunci ar exista neasociat cu cu

și nu ar avea descompunere finită cu și nu are descompunere finită
continuând și luând , se construiește un șir cu și
ceea ce contrazice ipoteza c).

15. Fie inel factorial și un sistem multiplicativ. Atunci este factorial (inelul
de fracții pentru )

Demonstrație: Evident este integru. Fie apoi prim în , care nu este inversabil în
; el va fi prim și în . În adevăr fie astfel ca (unde
) sau . Cum (dacă este inversabil în )
sau sau . Cum orice , nenul și neinversabil, se
descompune în produs finit de primi din , obținem afirmația.

16. Este posibil ca factorial dar să nu fie factorial (în particular este posibil ca
să fie factorial dar să nu fie factorial).

În adevăr fie [√ ] corpul său de fracții. este factorial ca orice corp, dar ,
am văzut, deja, nu este factorial.

17. Un ideal se numește prim dacă din relație sau . Evident în ideal
din (inelul integru cu , neinversabil) este prim este prim.

Fie inel factorial. Atunci orice ideal prim nenul, minimal pentru relația de incluziune, este
principal. În adevăr fie un ideal prim minimal, nenul astfel încât . Dacă

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∏ , căci este factorial, cu și cum este prim iar minimal
avem , q.e.d.

18. În inelul factorial , - singurele elemente ireductibile sunt , iar în , -

singurele elemente ireductibile sunt cu sau cu și

În adevăr orice polinom din , - are rădăcinile complexe, deci se descompune în factori
liniari. În cazul lui , - orice alt polinom în afara de cele enumerate este reductibil (căci ori
are o rădăcină reală ori are rădăcini complex conjugate și se divide prin ( )( ̅̅̅).

Faptul că este ireductibil în , - dacă și numai dacă rezultă

din aceea că dacă s-ar descompune în factori de gr. I ar avea rădăcini reale. Restul este
evident.

19. Criteriul de ireductibilitate Eisenstein. Fie factorial cu corpul de fracții și , -,

și prim astfel încât

. Atunci este ireductibil.

Demonstrație. Putem presupune că este primitiv. Dacă ar fi reductibil în , -

și în , - ∑ ∑ cu . Din și dar

sau dar nu pe amândouă. Presupunem că și . Fie minim astfel că

(există fiindcă deci nu toți ceficienții lui se divid la ). Dar

sau
ceea ce este contradictoriu.

20. Dacă este morfism de inele integre, corpurile de fracții ale

, - , - ce extinde astfel ca ( ) factorial și , - astfel ca ( ) este

ireductibil în , - și grad grad ( ) este ireductibil în , -

În adevăr, putem presupune primitiv. Dacă în , - el e reductibil în

, - ( ) ( ) ( ) și cum grad ( ) grad , grad ( ) grad .

( ) este reductibil, ceea ce este contradictoriu.

21. În , - polinomul este ireductibil. În adevăr în , - este

ireductibil și ( )( ) ( )( )( ) și aplicând criteriul lui
Eisenstein pentru și , rezultă afirmația.

La fel în , - este ireductibil. De asemenea în , - ,

este ireductibil pentru prim. În adevăr fie , - , - cu ( ) , morfism de
inele bijective ( ( )). Este suficient să arătăm că ( ) este
ireductibil. În adevăr

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( )
( ) ( *

și cum și folosind criteriul Eisenstein,

obținem afirmația.

In , - polinomul ( ) este reductibil.

În adevăr privit ca polinom în , -, - și luînd avem

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) deci este reductibil.

22. In , - există polinoame ireductibile de orice grad. În adevăr și ,

folosind criteriul Eisenstein se vede că este ireductibil în , -.

23. Dacă este prim și atunci (Mica teoremă a lui Fermat)

Demonstrație. Prind inducție asupra lui . Pentru , afirmația este evidentă și

presupunem că , voind să arătăm că ( ) ( ) . Dar

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) (2)
( ) ( )
Pentru * + avem și cum este prim,

folosind și ipoteza inductivă suma (2) se divide la

Dacă ( ) căci ( ) și ( ) deci .

Rezultă că în inelul claselor de resturi modulo , avem că polinomul

̂ ( ̂ )( ̂ ̂) . ( ̂ )/ de grad are rădăcini, deci

este identic nul, deci avem ( )( ) ( ( )) ( )

Facând obținem teorema Wilson: Dacă este număr prim atunci

( ) (mod ). Cum (mod) (mod )

(mod ), înmulțind ultimele relații și înlocuind în teorema Wilson

0. / 1 ( ) (mod ) obținem . / ( ) (mod )

24. Elementele ireductibile în , - sunt:

a) elementele prime din astfel încât (mod )

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b) factori primi din , - ai elemntelor prime în și (mod )

c) și asociații săi.

Demonstrație: Mai întâi observăm că , -, prim ( ) , decompunerea în

în factori ireductibili , prim, astfel ca ⁄ .

In plus nu există doi intregi primi neasociați astfel ca ⁄ ⁄ căci

( ) și , ceea ce arată că este contradictoriu.

Această arată că elementele ireductibile din , - trebuie căutate printre divizorii din , - ai
elementelor prime din . Fie ⁄ , unde (mod 4) ( ) ( ) deci ( ) și sunt
posibile cazurile: ( ) (contradictoriu), ( ) (contradictoriu dacă ) deci
( ) . Luând . Însă * + deci nu
putem avea căci (mod ) nu sunt decompozabile în
, - a). Dacă ⁄ , unde (mod ) avem mai întâi, conform observației precedente,
că (. / * (mod ) fiindcă este par.

Deci există astfel ca (mod ), deci ( )( ). Cum

sau . Dacă sau , - deci , ceea ce este absurd
nu poate fi inductibil în , - și factorii săi ireductibili sunt ireductibili în , - deci b)

În fine ( )( ) deci ( ) . Cum ( ) , dacă ar fi reductibil ar

rezulta că ( ), deci ( ) ( ) (căci este neinversabil și deci
( ) ( ) și ( ) c).

25. (Reciproca teoremei Wilson ca un criteriu de recunoscut numere prime)

Dacă și ( ) (mod ) atunci este prim.

Demonstrație: Presupunem că este reductibil. Pentru relația

(mod ) evident nu are loc, iar dacă avem cazurile:

I. * + ( ) și deci (mod ) ceea ce

este absurd.

II. căci și * + ( )
deci iarăși (mod ) ceea ce este absurd.

Rezultă că pentru decompozabil nu este posibilă relația dată, deci este prim.

26. Metoda lui Kronecker de determinare a divizorilor unui polinom , -

și factorial, într-un număr finit de pași:

Mai întâi observăm dacă în , - avem ( ) ( ) ( ) deci

( ) ( ). Deci polinoamele ce divid pe au proprietatea că ( ) ( ) . In plus

unul din grad , grad . Fie grad .

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Apoi observăm că dacă , distincte reciproc și neasociate atunci

, există un unic polinom , - de grad astfel ca ( )

( )
. În adevăr fie ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )

unde ( ) este derivata lui adică ( ) ∑ ∏ ( )

Evident ( ) { * +, grad . Luăm

∑ ( ) ( ) . Existența este demonstrată. Dacă ar fi alt

polinom cu ( ) are grad și rădăcini este polinom
nul și deci rezultă unicitatea. Acum procedeul de determinare a divizorilor lui
este următorul: Fie ( ) și ( ) în astfel ca
. Pentru fiecare construim cu ( ) și verificăm dacă sau
. Într-un număr finit de pași găsim toți divizorii sau stabilim că este ireductibil. Deși
finite, totuși calculele sunt prohibitive.

ABOUT SOME APPLICATIONS OF INTEGRAL CHEBYSEV’S INEQUALITY

By Florică Anastase-Romania

In memory of my Professor LAURENȚIU MIRCEA PANAITOPOL

Theorem:( Chebysev’s Inequality)

For , - , continuous function with same increasing and , - , )

integrable function. Then:

:∫ ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ( ) ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ( ) ; ( )

In the case f and g different increasing:

:∫ ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ( ) ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ( ) ;

Demonstration:

If and are same increasing ( ) , -

( ) ( )( ( ) ( ))( ( ) ( )) , -

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( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( )∫ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )∫ ( ) ( )

( ) ( )∫ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )∫ ( )

:∫ ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ( ) ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ( ) ;

:∫ ( ) ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ( ) ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ; ( )

For ( ) , -, we get:

)( )∫ ( ) ( ) .∫ ( ) / .∫ ( ) / if and are same increasing;

)( )∫ ( ) ( ) .∫ ( ) / .∫ ( ) / if and are different increasing;

Application 1:

If , - is continuous and increasing. Then:

∫ ( ) ∫ ( )

Solution:
If or is constant, then we have equalities. Let and variable on , -.
Let function ( ) , -. Then and have same increasing on , - and from
Chebyshev’s inequality (a):

:∫ ( ) ; :∫ ; ( )∫ ( )

∫ ( ) ( )∫ ( ) ∫ ( ) ∫ ( )

Application 2:
If , - continuous and derivable with ( ) , -. Then:
( )
∫ ( ) ∫

Solution:

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( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
First: . / is decreasing. Applying Chebyshev’s inequality, we
have:
( )
∫ ( ) ∫ :∫ ( ) ; :∫ ;

( )
∫ ∫ ( )
( )
Application 3:
If , - , ) are continuous and are increasing, then:

∫ ( ) ( )
∫( + ∫
∫ ( ) ( )
Solution:
From Chebyshev’s inequality:
( ) ( )
∫ ( ) ∫ ∫ ( ) ∫ ( )
( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ∫ ( ) ( )
⏞ ∫ ∫ ∫ , -
( ) ( ) ∫ ( ) ( )

∫ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
∫( + ∫: ∫ ; ∫ ( ) ∫
∫ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

Application 4:
If , - ( ) is decreasing, then:

∫ ( ) ∫ ( )
∫ ( ) ∫ ( )
Solution:
In Chebyshev’s inequality, let: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )

:∫ ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ;
( ) ( )

:∫ ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ; :∫ ( ) ;

Application 5:
If , - is twice derivable function, ( ) and ⏟ ( ) then:

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( ) ∫ ( )

Solution: Applying Chebyshev’s inequality function ( ) ( )

∫ ( ) :∫ ( ) ;
( )

( ) ∫ ( ) ( ) ∫ ( ) :∫ ( ) ; |∫ ( ) |

Application 6:
Prove:

√
∫ . /

Solution:
Let 0 1 ( ) ( )
( )

decreasing and ( ) increasing for 0 1.

√
∫

∫ ⏞ ∫ ∫ ∫ . /
( )( )

√
∫ ∫ ∫ ⏞ . /

Application 7: Prove:

∫
( )( )
Solution:

∫ ∫( * ∫
( )( )

⏞ ∫ ⏞ ∫ ∫

Application 8:
If , - , - is twice derivable, ( ) , -
are increasing and convexe on , -, then:

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( ) ( )
) ( ( )) ( ( )) ( ( ) ( )) 4 5

) ( * ( *

Solution:
a) ( ) , - increasing on , - and convexe ⏞

( ( )) ( ( )) ∫( ) ( )
∫ ( ( )) ( )

( ) ( )
∫ ( ( )) ∫ ( ) ∫ ( ( ))

( ) ( )
( ( ) ( )) : ∫ ( ) ; ( ( ) ( )) 4 5

b) Let 0 1 0 1 ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ⏞
( ) ( )
4 ( *5 ( ( )) ( ( * ( )* 4 5

( * ( *

Application 9: If , then:

∫
∫: ;
∫ . / ∫ . /
Solution:
( )
First: ∫ ∫
Let be the functions: 0 1 ( ) ( ) ∫ ( ) ( ) . / and

( ) ∫ ( )

How: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )( )

0 1 is convexe , - and such that:

(( ) ) ( ) ( ) ( ) for
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
is increasing (analogous is increasing ( )
decreasing)
Applying Chebyshev’s inequality, we get:

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( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
∫ ∫ ∫ ∫ ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

. /
( ) ∫ . /

Application 10: If and then:

( )
∫ ( √ ) ( √ )
√
Solution:

( )
∫ ∫ √ ( )
√
From Chebyshev’s inequality, let: ( ) integrable and ( ) √
( ) ( ) are increasing

( ) √ ( )
∫ ∫ ∫ ∫ ()
√
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

∫ ∫ ( )
. /

√
∫ ∫ ( √ ) ( )
√

( ) . / . /
∫ ∫ ∫ ∫
(. / * . / . /

. / ( )
∫ ⏞ ∫ ⏞
. /

√
∫ ( ) ( √ ) ( )

( )
From (i),(ii),(iii),(iv), we get: ∫ ( √ ) ( √ )

( )
∫ ( √ ) ( √ )

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Application 11: If , then:

√
∫ ∫ 4 5
√
Solution:
Let: 0 1 ( ) ( ) derivable with
( )
( ) ( ) is increasing and decreasing
( ) ( )

⏞ ∫ ∫ ∫ ()
( )

( )
∫ ∫ ∫ ∫ ( )
( ) ( ) ( )

Let . /
( )

∫ ∫ ( )
( )
√
From (ii), (iii) we get: | . So:
√

√
∫ ∫ 4 5
√
Refferences:
Romanian Mathematical Magazine-Interactive Journal-www.ssmrmh.ro

ABOUT AN INEQUALITY IN TRIANGLE FROM RMM-2019

By Marin Chirciu – Romania
1) In – centroid and – circumradii respectively.

Prove that:

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

Solution: We prove the following lemma:
Lemma:
2) In – centroid and – circumradii respectively.
Prove that:

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Expressing the area of in two ways, we obtain:

, - and , - , wherefrom

It follows and from here

We have:

Let’s get back to the main problem:

Using the Lemma and inequality we obtain:
∑ ∑
∑ ∑ ∑

( )
, so, ∑

Using the known identity in triangle .

In order to prove the inequality from the enunciation, it suffices to prove that:

, which follows from Gerretsen’s inequality:

. It suffices to prove that: (Euler’s

inequality). Equality holds if and only if the triangle is equilateral.
Remark: Let’s find an inequality having an opposite sense:
3) In – centroid and – circumradii respectively.

Prove that: . /

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

Solution: Using the Lemma and Tereshin’s inequality , we obtain:

∑( )( )
∑ ∑ ∑

( ) ( )
, which follows from

∑( )( ) ( ) ( ) , so
( ) ( )
∑

Using the known identity in triangle: .

In order to prove the inequality from enunciation it suffices to prove that:

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( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ), which follows from Gerretsen’s

( )
inequality . It suffices to prove that:

( )
( ( ) ) ( ) ( )

( )( ) , true from Euler’s inequality

. Equality holds if and only if the triangle is equilateral.
Remark: The double inequality can be written:
4) In – centroid and – circumradii respectively.

Prove that: . /

Solution
See inequalities 1) and 3). Equality holds if and only if the triangle is equilateral.
Refferences:
Romanian Mathematical Magazine-Interactive Journal-www.ssmrmh.ro

A NEW DEMONSTRATION OF RAMUS-E.ROUCHE-BLUNDON DOUBLE

INEQUALITY AND IT’S CONSEQUENCES
By Marian Dincă – Romania

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THEOREM: Let be a triangle that has its circumcircle ( ) and the incircle ( )
Then, it exists two isosceles triangles inscribed to the circle ( ) and circumscribed to
the circle ( ).
Proof: Without using Poncelet theorem we use Carnot identity:
We will prove that there exists two angles respectively such that:
. / ( *
Such that: . Elementary proof:
. / . / . /
or: . / . /
√ ( )
. /

√ ( ) √ . / √

So: , it follows: , let be respectively: , let be

Let be: , . /
but: . / . / . /
It follows: . / . /
So: . / . /. The function:
( ) . / 0 1, ( ) . / , so, increasing
( ) ( ), implies: . Also: . / . /
. /
But: . / . /
So: . / . /.
The function: ( ) . / 0 1
( ) . / , decreasing, so:
In the end there are two isoscel triangles that satisfy Carnot relationship:
. / ( *
And: . Let be an isoscelles triangle with:
. / . /

. /
we prove that: (i)
( ) ( *
Or: . / (ii)

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. / , it follows: . / , it follows:
. / . /. So: , it follows:
, then it exists and , - such that:
. / ( ) (1)
. / ( ) (1’)
, implies: . / ( ) . / ( )
Or: ( ) . / ( ) , or ( ). /
It follows:
( ) . / ( ) 0 . / 1
Or: . /. / . /
Or: . /. / , it follows:
Inequality (ii) is equivalent with:
. / ( ) . / ( )
: ; : ;

. / ( ) . / ( )
: ;

4. / ( )5 4. / ( )5

(. / ( * ( *+

4. / ( )5 4. / ( )5

(. / ( * ( *+

[ ( * ] [ ( * ] [( * ( * ]
Let be , - , -
( ) [ ( * ] [ ( * ] [( * ( * ]
is a convex function defined on a convex set: , - , - 2( ) 3
So the pentagon , where: ( ) ( ) . / . / ( ). Will attain its
maximum in one of these peaks.
Any convex function defined on a convex set will attain its maximum in its extreme points.

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( ) . / ( * . / ( *

. /

( * . / ( ( * * ( *
. / . / . /, or:

( * . /
, it follows: ( )
. / , -

( * . ( ) / . / ( )

So: . / . / ( )
We obtain: . / . / . / ( ) . /
( ) . / ( ( )) . /

6 4. /57

[ ] ( *
But: ( ) ( ) and . / . / being symmetric.
. / , it follows: . /
We prove the other inequality:
, or so: , it follows:
. / we obtain:
Then it exists respectively , -, such that:
( ) ( * ( ) ( *

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( ) ( )( * ( )( *
It follows: , because

( ) ( * ( ) ( *

( ) ( ) ( * [ ( *]
It follows: . / . /. /
Or: . / . / . It follows:

( ( )( *+ ( ( )( *+

[ ( )( * ( )( *]

[ ( * ] [ ( * ]

[( )( * ] ( )
, - , -
is concave defined on the convex set , - , - 2( ) 3
It will attain its maximum in the points . / ( ) ( ) ( ) . /
Being simetric it remains to verify . / ( ) ( )

( * ( ( * * ( * ( ( * *

( * ( * ( *
Or: . / . /. Using the same technique:
Or Steffensen in discreete form
( * ( * ( *

( *
Ramus-E, Rouche, Blundon for any acute angled triangle:
If triangle is acute-angled, that has the circumcircle triangle ( ), and the
inscribed circle ( ) and 0 1. Then it exists two acute-angled triangles that
has the same respectively and it exists the double inequality:
where are semiperimeters of the those triangles.
Proof: In the first part of the article we’ve proved that:
In the situation that the triangle is acute-angled, we can replace * + with
2 3 the triangle that has the angles having the measure: , is acute
angled and: , and

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In the same way like in the first part it will follow: . / ( * . /

. / . / . / 4 5. So:
Bibliography:
[1] R. Tyrrel Rockafellar: Convex Analysis, Theta Publishing House, 2002.
[2] Arthur Engel: Mathematical problems, Solving strategies, GIL Publishing House, 2006.
[3] Shan – He Wu, Yu-Ming Chu: Geometric interpretation of Blundon’s inequality and
Ciamberlini’s inequality, Journal of inequalities and Applications, December 2014
Bellow we illustrate the proof:
O246. Let be a point inside or on the boundry of a convex polygon . Prove
that the maximum value of ( ) ∑ is achieved when is a vertex

Proposed by Cosmin Pohoata, Princeton University, USA

Solution by G.R A. 20 Problems Solving Group, Roma, Italy
Let be the set of points inside or on the boundry of the convexe polygon. We first note
that the map ( ) is convex: if with then, for any , we
have that and ( ) ∑ , ( ) ( )-

∑ ∑ ( ) ( )

Moreover, for any point in is a convex combination of the vertices that is,
there exists such that ∑ and ∑
Hence, by the covexity of ,

( ) (∑ + ∑ ( ) ∑ ( ) ( )

which means that the maximum value of ( ) is attained when is a vertex of .

METRIC RELATIONSHIPS IN CHIRIȚĂ’S TRIANGLE

By Daniel Sitaru, Claudia Nănuți-Romania

Abstract: In the romanian mathematician Marcel Chiriță proved that for any

√ √ √ can be sides in triangle.

In this paper we prove some metric relationships in this kind of triangle.
Proposition 1. Chiriță’s triangle is obtuse.

Proof: Let √ √ √

√( )( )

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( )
√( ) √
( ̂)
Proposition 2. Area of Chiriță’s triangle is constant for any real value of .
Proof:

( )
4 5
√ ( )

( ) ( )
√
√
√
, - √ √
√
√ √
√
√
Proposition 3. A median of Chiriță’s triangle is constant for any real value of .
Proof:

( ) ( ) ( )

( )

Proposition 4. If then:

√ √ √ √ √
Proof.

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) √ (1)

( ) ( ) ( )

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( ) ( ) ( )

( ) √ (2)

It’s known that:

√ (3)

√ (4)

By adding (3); (4): √ √

√ √ √
Proposition 5. If then:

√ √ √ √( )( )
Proof.

√ ( )( )
√
√
√

By Mitrinovic’s inequality:

√ √ ( )( )
√

√( )( )

√ √ √ √( )( )
Proposition 6. If then:

.√ √ / .√ √ /

.√ √ /

Proof 1 (Soumava Chakraborty-Kolkata-India)

.√ √ / .√ √ /
( )
.√ √ / ⏞

(1) ( )

√( )( ) √( )( )

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√( )( ) (squaring (1))
( ) *( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )+

( )√( )( ) ( )√( )( )
8 9
( )√( )( )
(squaring again) ( ) ( )

( )√( )( )
{ ( )√( )( ) } (2)
( )√( )( )

. / and . / ,

( ) .√ / (√ ) ( ) .√ / .√ /
of (2) { }
√
( )(√ ) . /

( ) ( ) of (2) (2) is true (Proved)

Proof 2.

√ √ √

In with sides : √

√ √
√ √
( ) √

By Hadwiger – Finsler’s inequality: ∑( ) √

√
∑( ) √

∑( )

.√ √ / .√ √ /

.√ √ /

Refferences:
1.Romanian Mathematical Magazine-Interactive Journal-www.ssmrmh.ro
2.Mihaly Bencze,Daniel Sitaru,Marian Ursărescu:”Olympic Mathematical Energy”-Studis-
Publishing House-Iași-2018

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3.Daniel Sitaru, George Apostolopoulos:”The Olympic Mathematical Marathon”-Publishing
House- Cartea Românească-Pitești-2018
4. Mihaly Bencze,Daniel Sitaru:”Quantum Mathematical Power” -Publishing House Studis,
Iasi-2018
5.Daniel Sitaru,Marian Ursărescu:”Calculus Marathon”-Studis-Publishing House-Iasi-2018
6.Daniel Sitaru, Mihaly Bencze:”699 Olympic Mathematical Challenges”-Publishing House
Studis, Iasi-2017
7.Daniel Sitaru,Marian Ursărescu:”Ice Math-Contests Problems”-Studis-Publishing House-
Iasi-2019

SPECIAL PROBLEMS IN ROMANIAN MATHEMATICAL CONTESTS

By Marian Ursărescu-Romania
ABSTRACT: In this article are presented some problems with matrices and determinants
used as subjects in romanian mathematical contests.
Lemma. If ( ) are such that:
a) ,
b) Matrix is invertible.
c) , ̅ , ̅ then ( )
Demonstration: Second degree equation with roots ̅ is: ̅
̅ ( ) ( ) are roots of equation (1)
( )
We have: ( )( ̅ ) ̅ ⏞ ̅
( )
( ̅) ( ) ⏞( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )( ) ( )( ̅ )
,( )( )- ,( )( ̅ )-
( ) ( ) [( )( ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅)] ( ) ( )

⏞ ( )
If ( ) then ( ) and ( ) .
Applications:
1) If ( ) such that and is invertible, then .
Demonstration: By lemma, we have with ̅ and ̅

By lemma ( ) but
2) If ( ) with ( ) and is invertible,
then RMO
Demonstration:In condition of lemma, we have and such that

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̅ ̅ .
By lemma: . / . / . /

3) If ( ) such that ( ) √ √ and is invertible,

then
RMO
√
Demonstration: In conditions of lemma, we have: √ ̅
and

√ √
̅
√ √ (√ )
Second degree equation have roots:
By lemma ( ) ( ) . But
. /
Applications:
1) If ( ) such that ( √ )( ) and is invertible,
then .
GMB
2) If ( ) such that . √ √ /( ) (√ )( ) and
is invertible, then
RMM

3) If ( ) such that √( √ √ ( ) √ √ √ ( ) and

is invertible, then .
RMM
4) If ( ) such that √ √ ( ) √ √ ( ) and
is invertible, then
RMM
Refferences
Romanian Mathematical Magazine-Interactive Mathematical Journal-www.ssmrmh.ro

ABOUT CALCULUS OF SOME AMAZING LIMITS

By Florentin Vișescu-Romania
Lemma: Let be and , - , ) a continuous function, then:

∏4 ( *5

Proof:

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( . /* ∑ ( . /*
∏4 ( *5 ∏

We prove that ( ) , ).

Consider , ) ( ) ( )

( ) , )

on , ) ( ) ( ) , ) or ( ) , )

consider , ) ( ) ( )

( )

( ) on , ) ( ) ( ) , ) or ( )

, ). So, ( ) , ).We choose

( * ( * 4 ( *5 4 ( *5 ( *

∑ ( * ∑4 ( *5 ∑ 4 ( *5 ∑ ( *

∑ ( * ∫ ( )

∑ ( * ∑ ( * ∫ ( )

Then ∑ ( . /* ∫ ( ) and so,

∫ ( )
∏4 ( *5

1) ∏ . . / /

. √( ) /
2) ∏ 4 √ 5

√
3) ∏ ( *

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4) ∑ . / (√ )

5) ∏ . /

A SIMPLE PROOF FOR SIERPINSKY’S INEQUALITY

By Daniel Sitaru – Romania
Abstract: In this paper we give a proof by mathematical induction for Sierpinsky’s
inequality.
SIERPINSKY’S INEQUALITY:

For

(√ )

For

: ;

( )
( )
( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

( *

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( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) suppose true
( ) to prove
( )

( ) ( )

A DEFINITIVE WAY OF SOLVING MATHEMATICS PROBLEMS

K. SRINIVASA RAGHAVA
srinivasaraghavak@gmail.com
ALL INDIA RAMANUJAN MATHS CLUB
The difficulty in solving mathematics problems was the most common answer in the survey I
conducted, when I asked if you have problems with mathematics. For this reason I will try to
give some light to this need that we have raised.

STRATEGIES TO SOLVE MATHEMATICS PROBLEMS

You get good marks in the exercises and you get stuck in the problems, right? It is normal! It
also happened to the most for a while.
Clear! If you barely spend time teaching us problem solving in class!
Solving problems is the heart of mathematics, and I believe that more emphasis should be
placed on teaching methodologies for resolution. What satisfaction when you
succeed! Eureka!
You may not believe it much, but you can increase your motivation and your ideas by facing
appropriate problems.
EXERCISES AND PROBLEMS
They are very different things. You are used to doing more exercises, so you get much
better.
An exercise is usually a mere practical application of a formula or calculation. At a glance you
know what you have to do. You already know the way and you just have to apply it.
A problem is necessary to read it carefully to understand it well. Here you ignore the
road! Walker there is no way; you make your way when you walk. You have to organize and
relate your ideas and have a positive and creative attitude. Problems are less defined and
more open issues than exercises.
Do not focus on memorizing theory and doing repetitive exercises. It is much more
productive and fun to spend time solving problems.

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A GOOD FRIEND
I think it's about time you start considering problems as friends that offer you the
opportunity to progress in an active way in mathematics and to check what you know. Even
sometimes, you can enjoy thinking and have "a happy idea" to come up with a simple and
elegant solution.
Solving a problem requires time and energy. It implies some circumstances like initial
frustration, willingness to resolve it, perseverance

But solving problems will increase your confidence with mathematics. You will learn
more. Worth the effort!

STEPS TO SOLVE MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS

It is true that solving mathematics problems is a complex activity. It may seem like a messy
activity, but it is essential to organize your ideas and be schematic.

These tips will help you think better:

 You must have a positive attitude. Curiosity and desire to learn. Taste for the challenge
 Trust your possibilities. We are what we think. Act calmly, without fear.
 Be patient. Do not give up at the slightest difficulty. If you get stuck, think about a new approach to
the problem.
 Concentrate. Solving problems is a complex activity and requires attention.
 Don't look for short term success. Reaching the solution is a slow process, but when you
notice the progress you will feel great satisfaction.

There are really no definite strategies to solve mathematics problems that will ensure
success. But if we can point out some general steps.

1. UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM

Read the sentence calmly. Several times, until you understand it well. Do not miss any
interesting facts. What does it consist of? What do you know, what are you asked for? What
are the conditions…? This is necessary to face the problem with guarantees of success.

2. PREPARE AN ACTION PLAN

When you understand the problem, it is time to choose a strategy to solve it. There are
many strategies! I indicate some at the end of the article. It is good that you know them and
practice them to improve your ability to solve problems.

3. CARRY ON YOUR PLAN

Once you have chosen a strategy, work it decisively and do not abandon it to the first
difficulty.

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It is possible that things get complicated and you were wrong to choose a strategy. Another
test! There are usually several ways to arrive at the solution and we cannot always succeed
with the most appropriate one at the first attempt.
He left? Are you sure? Review the result and verify that you have reached the
solution. Many times we believe we have solved a problem and then it is not so.

4. REFLECT ON THE ENTIRE PROCESS

«Every problem I solved became a rule that later helped me solve other problems. »
Descartes
Have you solved the problem?!! Congratulations!!
Have you had a good time entertaining, trying hard, and ended up not solving
it? Congratulations too! You learn much more from the problems worked with interest and
determination, and not resolved, than from those that are solved almost at first sight.
How did you solve it? This stage is very helpful and is often forgotten.
 Examine well the path you have followed. How did you get to the solution? Or, why haven't you
reached the solution? What mistakes and successes have you had? What made you intuit that it was
going to go well?
 See if you can do it in a simpler way.
 Reflect a little on your thinking process and draw consequences for the future. Each person has a
different way of thinking.
How is your thought? Visual or analytical? Everything can be improved. With practice you
can go from having a single rigid idea to having several related and original ideas.

STRATEGIES TO SOLVE MATHEMATICS PROBLEMS

 Look for similarities with other problems. Does it remind you of any similar situation?
 Reduce the complicated by something simpler. Divide and you will win!
 Consider particular cases. Keep track! Use very small numbers
 Make a drawing or scheme. A picture is worth a thousand words. It incorporates only the important.
 Study all possible cases. Can you discard any?
 Choose a good notation. You will simplify the problem a lot
 Trial and error. If it doesn't work, take another path.
 Work backwards. Imagine that the problem is solved and that you are a crab. It is possible that you
can build the solution.
 Take advantage of symmetry. You may be able to take advantage of regularities or symmetries.
I hope that from now on solving mathematics problems become a pleasant distraction for
you.

Who knows, one day you might say,

"I like problems!" Or not?

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ABOUT PROBLEM IX.33-RMM-24, SPRING EDITION 2020

By Marin Chirciu – Romania

1) Prove that in any acute-angled triangle the following inequality holds:

( )( )
∑ . /

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

Solution
We prove the following lemma:
Lemma:
2) In the following inequality holds:
( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
∑

Proof.
Using the formula , we obtain:

( )( ) . /. / ( )( )
∑ ∑ ∑

( ) ( ) ( )
, which follows from
( )( ) ∑ ( )( )
∑ and

∑ ( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

Let’s get to the main problem:

Using the Lemma it suffices to prove that:
( ) ( ) ( )
. / (1)

Using Gerretsen’s inequality and Euler’s inequality we have:

( ) ( ) ( )

, ( ) ( ) ( ) -
( ),( )( ) ( )
( ) -

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,( )( ) ( ) -

( )( )
It follows that ∑ (2)

Using (2) in order to prove (1) it suffices to prove that:

, which follows from Mitrinovic’s inequality .

It remains to prove that , obviously from Euler’s inequality

. Equality holds if and only if the triangle is equilateral.

Remark: The inequality can be strengthened:

3) In the following relationship holds:

( )( )
∑ . /

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

Solution
Using (2) in order to prove the proposed inequality it suffices to prove that:

, which follows from Mitrinovic’s inequality

Equality holds if and only if the triangle is equilateral.

Remark.
Inequality 3) is stronger than inequality 1)
4) In the following inequality holds:
( )( )
∑ . / . /

Solution

See inequality 3) and . / . / , obviously from Euler’s inequality

. Equality holds if and only if the triangle is equilateral.

Remark.
If we replace with we propose:
5) In the following relationship holds:

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( )( )
∑ 4 5

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

Solution
We prove the following lemma:
Lemma:
6) In the following relationship holds:
( )( ) ( ) ( )
∑

Proof.
Using the formula , we obtain:

( )( ) . /. /
∑ ∑ ∑
( )

( ) ( )

Let’s get back to the main problem.

The left hand inequality:
( ) ( )
Using the Lemma it suffices to prove that:

( ) ( ), which follows from Blundon-Gerretsen’s inequality

( )
( )
. It remains to prove that:

( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )( ) , obviously from Euler’s inequality .
Equality holds of and only if the triangle is equilateral.
The right hand inequality.
( ) ( )
Using the Lemma it suffices to prove that: . /

( ) ( ) , it follows from Gerretsen’s inequality

( )
. It follows to prove that:
( )
( ) ( ) (Euler’s inequality)

Equality holds if and only if the triangle is equilateral.

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PROPOSED PROBLEMS

5-CLASS-STANDARD

V.1. Find such that:

Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania
V.2. Find such that:
Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania
V.3. Let be . Find p- prime number such that ( ) ( )( )

Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania

V.4. Let be . If ( ) and find ( )( ) then find ( )( )
Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania
V.5. Find ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ such that simultaneous ̅̅̅ ̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ are perfect square.
Proposed by Ștefan Marica-Romania
V.6. Find ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ such that: ̅̅̅ ̅̅̅ ̅̅̅ ̅̅̅

Proposed by Ștefan Marica-Romania

V.7. Let be a number formed from 2019 digits of . Prove that:
a) is not a perfect square. b) is not a perfect cube
c) is not a power having the oreder of a natural number bigger than .
Proposed by Ene Cristina, Nicu Elena – Romania
V.8. Prove that the number
Proposed by Iuliana Trașcă, Chiriță Aurel –Romania
V.9. Find the numbers having the form ̅̅̅ for which the number
̅̅̅ ̅̅̅ is a perfect square. Proposed by Constantin Ionică – Romania
V.10. Find the natural nonzero numbers the divided to give quotient and the reminder
, and divided to give the quotient and the reminder .
Proposed by Constantin Ionică – Romania

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V.11. Dan has written on the board consecutive natural numbers and after that he deleted a

number. Find the deleted number, if the sum of the remained numbers is equal to .
Proposed by Constantin Ionică – Romania
V.12. Prove that is divisible with . Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania
V.13. Solve in natural numbers the following equation: .
Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania
V.14. Find the natural numbers having the following form ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ , knowing that:
. Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania
V.15. Prove that can be written as a sum of three perfect squares different and
nonzero, for any natural nonzero number. Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

All solutions for proposed problems can be finded on the

http//:www.ssmrmh.ro which is the adress of Romanian Mathematical
Magazine-Interactive Journal.

6-CLASS-STANDARD

VI.1. Solve for natural numbers: .

Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania
VI.2. If p-prime number then can not be a perfect cube.
Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania
VI.3. Find and -prime number such that: be a perfect square.
Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania
VI.4. Find - prime numbers; such that be a perfect square
. Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania
VI.5. Find ̅̅̅̅̅ such that: ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅̅ .
Proposed by Gheorghe Calafeteanu-Romania
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VI.6. Find such that . Proposed by Gheorghe Calafeteanu-Romania

VI.7. Find a such that √ . Proposed by Ștefan Marica-Romania

VI.8. Find ̅̅̅ such that √ . Proposed by Ștefan Marica-Romania

VI.9. Find {̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅}. Proposed by Ștefan Marica-Romania

( )( )
VI.10. Let be the natural numbers, and . Prove that if

, then . Proposed by Constantin Ionică – Romania

VI.11. Find the pairs of nonzero natural numbers with for which
, - ( ) , where( ) is biggest common divisor and , - is the biggest
common divisor of the numbers and . Proposed by Constantin Ionică – Romania
VI.12. Find the numbers knowing that and are directly proportional with and ,
and are directly proportional with and , and .
Proposed by Constantin Ionică – Romania
VI.13. Prove that the number is divisible with , for any natural nonzero
number . Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania

VI.14. Let be . Prove that . Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania

VI.15. Prove that the number is divisible with 11.

Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania
VI.16. Prove that it doesn’t exist the natural numbers such that
.
Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania
VI.17. Find the natural numbers with three digits which divided to and give the
quota , respectively . Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania
VI.18. Prove that: ̅̅̅̅̅ if and only if ̅̅̅ .

Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania

VI.19. Find the quota of to the number .
Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania

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VI.20. Prove that for any natural nonzero number , among the elements of the set
* + there is at least a power of .
Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania
All solutions for proposed problems can be finded on the
http//:www.ssmrmh.ro which is the adress of Romanian Mathematical
Magazine-Interactive Journal.

7-CLASS-STANDARD

VII.1. In obtuse ; ; . Find perimeter.

Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania

VII.2. In ( )
. Find . Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania

VII.3. In ( ) . If ( √ )( )( ) then find

( ) ( ). Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania

VII.4 If in ( ) and ( ) then .

Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania

VII.5. In ( ) the following relationship holds:

(√ )
Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania

VII.6. In a bicentric issoscelles trapezian perimeter is . If is circumcentre

and ( ) find the sides of trapezian.
Proposed by Gheorghe Calafeteanu-Romania

VII.7. In ( ) ( ) * + Prove that:

. Proposed by Gheorghe Calafeteanu-Romania

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VII.8. In . Find area and

semiperimeter. Proposed by Ștefan Marica-Romania

VII.9. Solve for natural numbers:

√ √
{ √ √
√ √ √
Proposed by Ștefan Marica-Romania

VII.10. Solve for natural numbers: .

Proposed by Ștefan Marica-Romania

VII.11 Find depending on (all natural numbers) such that:

( )
Proposed by Ștefan Marica-Romania

VII.12. Find the natural numbers with and prime numbers, knowing that:
√ √ √
Proposed by Constantin Ionică – Romania

VII.13. Find the natural nonzero numbers , knowing that:

and .
Proposed by Constantin Ionică – Romania

VII.14. Find such that the equation:

has an unique solution.
Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania

VII.15. The real strictly positive numbers verify the relationship . Prove
that the number is a perfect square natural number.
Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania

VII.16. In a medical laboratory, a biologist finds that he has unitary cells of a

square, that are infected and then, after a time, the cells that have at least two neibours
cells infected (having a common side) they also infect. Can the infection spread in all the
square?
Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania
VII.17. A natural number formed from digits has the first digits . Prove that the
number cannot be a perfect square.
Proposed by Daniel Stretcu – Romania
VII.18. Solve for in such that:

Proposed by Naren Bhandari-Nepal

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VII.19. Find the last digit of:

Proposed by Seyran Ibrahimov-Azerbaijan

All solutions for proposed problems can be finded on the

http//:www.ssmrmh.ro which is the adress of Romanian Mathematical
Magazine-Interactive Journal.

8-CLASS-STANDARD

VIII.1. Solve for integers: ( )

Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania
VIII.2. Solve for integers:
Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania
VIII.3. Find: ⏟ ( ). Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania

VIII.4. If then: . Find ⏟ ( ).

Proposed by Petre Stângescu-Romania

VIII.5. Solve for natural numbers: ( ) ( ) .
Proposed by Ștefan Marica-Romania
VIII.6. Let be the set * +
a) Write the set in the form of an interval.
b) Find the natural number for which contains exactly integer numbers.
Proposed by Constantin Ionică – Romania
VIII.7. Let be the number , where .
a) Prove that can be written as a difference of two perfect squares.
b) If , prove that . Proposed by Constantin Ionică – Romania

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VIII.8. Let be positive real numbers such that * + . Prove that:

( ) ( ) ( )
√ √ √

Proposed by Nguyen Viet Hung – Vietnam

VIII.9. Solve in real numbers the following equation:

√ √ √
Proposed by Nguyen Viet Hung – Vietnam
VIII.10. Let be non-negative real numbers such that . Prove that:
a) ( ) ( )
b) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Nguyen Viet Hung – Vietnam
VIII.11. Prove that if * + then:

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Alecu Orlando – Romania
VIII.12. Prove that if * + then:

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Cătălin Spiridon – Romania
VIII.13. Prove that if * + then:

( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Elena Alexie – Romania
VIII.14. If then:

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Gabriela Vasile – Romania

VIII.15. If then:
( )
( )( )
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Gheorghe Boroica – Romania

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VIII.16. If then:
( )( )( )( )
√
( ) ( )
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
VIII.17. If are positive integers such that:

Find the unique solution for keeping as small as possible if it exists.

Proposed by Naren Bhandari-Nepal

VIII.18. If then:

( ) ( * ( *( *

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Elena Iacob Meda – Romania

VIII.19. If then in the following relationship holds:

( )
∑4 ( * 5 4 5
√

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Alina Georgiana Ghiță – Romania

VIII.20. If then:

( ) ( )
4 5( )4 5 ( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

VIII.21. Solve for natural numbers:

Proposed by Seyran Ibrahimov-Azerbaijan

VIII.22. Find such that:

Proposed by Seyran Ibrahimov-Azerbaijan

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VIII.23. If then:

Proposed by Seyran Ibrahimov-Azerbaijan

VIII.24. Solve:

, - , -
4 5 4 5

Proposed by Seyran Ibrahimov-Azerbaijan

All solutions for proposed problems can be finded on the

http//:www.ssmrmh.ro which is the adress of Romanian Mathematical
Magazine-Interactive Journal.

9-CLASS-STANDARD

IX.1. Let such that and . Prove that:

√ √ √ √
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
IX.2. Let be and such that . Prove that:

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
IX.3. Let , such that and . Prove that:

( * ( * ( *
√ √ √ √( )
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

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IX.4. In the following relationship holds:

( )
√

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.5. In the following relationship holds:

, where

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.6. Let be such that , where . Prove:

. / . / . / , where .

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.7. If then:
( )

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.8. If then:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.9. If such that and , find the minimum of the expression:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.10. Let . Find the maximum of the expression:
√ √ √
, where is fixed.
√ √ √

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.11. In the following relationship holds:

√ √ √
4 5
√ √ √
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
IX.12. In the following relationship holds:
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√ √ √
4 5
√ √ √
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
IX.13. Let be such that . Prove that:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.14. Let such that and . Prove that:

√
√ √ √
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
IX.15. In the following relationship holds:

( * ( * ( * ( )

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.16. Let such that and . Prove that:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.17. Let be such that and . Prove that:

√ √ √ √
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
IX.18. Let . Prove that:
( )
∑4 5

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.19. Prove that in any triangle with the standard notations:
( ) ( )
Proposed by Nguyen Viet Hung – Vietnam
IX.20. Prove that in any triangle ,

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( )

Proposed by Nguyen Viet Hung – Vietnam

IX.21. In – orthocenter the following relationship holds:

( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

IX.22. If in ( ) ( ) ( ) * + then:

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

IX.23. Let be the circumcevian triangle of Nagel’s point of . Prove that:
, -
( *
, -
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
IX.24. In the following relationship holds:

( * ( * ( * √ . /

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

IX.25. In the following relationship holds:

∑ ( *
( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

IX.26. In the following relationship holds:

( √ ) ( √ ) ( √ ) √
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Dan Grigorie – Romania
IX.27. If then:

√( )( ) √( )( ) √( )( )
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Gheorghe Boroica – Romania
IX.28. If then:

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∑ ∑( )

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Nicolae Radu – Romania

IX.29. In the following relationship holds:

√ √ √ √
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Mihaela Dăianu – Romania
IX.30. In the following relationship holds:
√

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Luiza Cremeneanu – Romania

IX.31. If then:

∑. / ∑. / ∑

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Neculai Stanciu – Romania

IX.32. If then:

√ √ √ √ ( √ √ )
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Neculai Stanciu – Romania
IX.33. If then:

4 54 54 5 ∏( ) ∏

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Alina Tigae – Romania

IX.34. If √ √ √ then:

( * ( * ( *
√ √ √
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Amelia Curcă Năstăselu– Romania
IX.35. If then:

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Camelia Dană – Romania

IX.36. If * + then:

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∑. / ∑( *

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Patricia Anicuța Bețiu – Romania

IX.37. If then in the following relationship holds:

:∑ ; :∑ ;
( ) ( )

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Gheorghe Stoica – Romania

IX.38. If then in the following relationship holds:
( )
∑

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Nicolae Mușuroia – Romania

IX.39. If then in the following relationship holds:
( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Cătălin Pană – Romania

IX.40. If then in the following relationship holds:
( ) ( )
∑ √

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Gheorghe Boroica – Romania

IX.41. If then in the following relationship holds:

( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Claudiu Ciulcu – Romania

IX.42. If then in the following relationship holds:

( ) ( ) ( )
√
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Roxana Vasile – Romania

IX.43. In Nagel’s cevian, the following relationship holds:

:√ √ ;∑√

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

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IX.44. In – Nagel’s cevian the following relationship holds:

∑ ∑√
√

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.45. In – Nagel’s cevian, – Gergonne’s cevian the following relationship holds:

∑ ( √ ) – area , -

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.46. In – incenter, the following relationship holds:

:∑( ); :∑( ); √ :∑( ) ;

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.47. In – Nagel’s cevian, – Gergonne’s cevian the following relationship holds:

( * ∑4 5

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.48. In – Gergonne’s cevian the following relationship holds:
∑( )

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.49. In – Nagel’s cevian the following relationship holds:
√
∑ √ ( *

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.50. In the following relationship holds:
√ √ √
√

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.51. In – Nagel’s cevian, – Gergonne’s cevian the following relationship holds:
√
( * ∑

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.52. In the following relationship holds:

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( √ )
∑
√ √

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.53. In the following relationship holds:

∑ :∑ ; :∑ √ ;

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.54. In – Nagel’s cevian, the following relationship holds:

( *

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.55. In the following relationship holds:
( )
∏ ∑

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

IX.56. If then:

√ ( )
√ ( )
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Delia Popescu – Romania
IX.57.

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( )
( ) ( ) ( )
Prove that:
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Delia Schneider – Romania
IX.58. Let be a triangle and the lengths of the medians. Then, the following
inequality holds:
√
, where is the semiperimeter of . When do we have

equality?
Proposed by Gheorghe Alexe and George – Florin Șerban– Romania
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IX.59. Find the positive numbers and which satisfy the relationship:
( )( )( )
Proposed by Gheorghe Alexe and George – Florin Șerban– Romania
IX.60. If , with . Prove the following inequality:

Proposed by Gheorghe Alexe and George – Florin Șerban– Romania

IX.61. Prove that in any triangle with the sides with the following
inequality holds:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by Gheorghe Alexe and George – Florin Șerban– Romania

IX.62. Prove that in any triangle with the sidesthe following inequality holds:
( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )
( )
Proposed by Gheorghe Alexe and George – Florin Șerban– Romania

IX.64. If in then:
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Dorina Goiceanu – Romania

IX.65. Applications of Tarek’s Lemmas. In – Nagel’s cevians. Prove that:

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Constantina Prunaru – Romania

IX.66. In – Gergonne’s cevians, – Nagel’s cevians. Prove that:

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

√
IX.67. In the following relationship holds: √ √ √ √
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

IX.68. If in √ then: √ √ √
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
IX.69. If then:

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∑ ∑ ∑
( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

IX.70. Prove that in any the following inequality holds:
( ) ( ) ( )
( )√
√ √ √
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
IX.71. If with and , prove that:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.72. If and prove that:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.73. Solve in the following equation:

( )√ √ ( ) √ , where
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
IX.74. Let be , such that and . Prove that:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.75. Let be , such that and . Prove that:

( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
IX.76. Let be , such that and . Prove that:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.77. Let be , such that and . Prove that:

( *
( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
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IX.78. In the following relationship hold: √∑ ∑ ∑

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

IX.79. Let be and . Prove that: ∑

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

( )
IX.80. Let be . Solve in real numbers the system of equations: { ( )
( )
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
IX.81. In the following relationship holds:

∑( * ∑( *

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

IX.82. Find such that:

Proposed by Seyran Ibrahimov-Azerbaijan

IX.83. If then:

Proposed by Seyran Ibrahimov-Azerbaijan

All solutions for proposed problems can be finded on the

http//:www.ssmrmh.ro which is the adress of Romanian Mathematical
Magazine-Interactive Journal.

10-CLASS-STANDARD

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X.1. Solve in the following equations:

a) √

b) √

c) ( ) √ .
Proposed by Lucian Tuțescu, Mirea Mihaela Mioara – Romania
X.2. Let be the sequence of real numbers ( ) having the property that
( ) ( ) . Prove that .
Proposed by Cristina Ene, Elena Nicu– Romania
X.3. Let be . Solve the following equation:
( )
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.4. In the following relationship holds: ( )

, where

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.5. Let be . Prove that:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.6. In the following relationship holds:
( )
∑

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.7. Let be positive real numbers such that and . Prove that:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.8. In the following relationship holds:

∑ ∑ , where .

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.9. In the following relationship holds:

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Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.10. In the following relationship holds:

, where

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.11. Let such that . Prove that:

( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
X.12. In the following relationship holds:
( ) ( )( )
. / ∑ , where

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.13 Let be the inradii of circumcevian triangle of incenter in acute . Prove that:

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.14. In the following relationship holds:

∑ 4 ( * 5
√

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.15. Let be the excentral triangle of . Prove that:

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.16. – centroid, – Lemoine’s point. Prove that:
, -
. /
, -
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

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X.17. In – Nagel’s point ( ) ( )

( ). Prove that:

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.18. Let be the circumcevian triangle of Lemonine’s point of .
Prove that:
, -
( * ( *
, -
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
X.19. In – orthocenter the following relationship holds:

( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.20. In the following relationship holds:

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Gheorge Stoica – Romania

X.21. If then ( ) : √ √
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Gheorghe Stoica – Romania

X.22. If then:

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Virginia Grigorescu – Romania

X.23. In the following relationship holds:

√
( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Neculai Stanciu – Romania
X.24. In the following relationship holds:

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Dan Nănuți – Romania

X.25. If then in the following relationship holds:

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Claudia Nănuți – Romania
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X.26. If then in the following relationship holds:

4 5 4 5 4 5 . /

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Ștefan Marica – Romania

X.27. If then in the following relationship holds:
( ) ( )( )
∑

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Cristina Spiridon – Romania

X.28. In – centroid; the following relationship

holds:

√
∑

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu – Romania

X.29. If then in the following relationship holds:

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Lavinia Trincu– Romania

X.30. If then in the following relationship holds:
√
( )
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Mihaela Nascu – Romania

X.31. If then in the following relationship holds:

( ) ( ) ( )
∑ √

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Mihaela Stăncele – Romania

X.32. If then in the following relationship holds:

√
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Nicolae Mușuroia – Romania

√ √ √
X.33. If denote ; then the following
√
relationship holds:
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Ileana Duma – Romania

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X.34. If then the following relationship holds in :

√
∑
√ ( )

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Ileana Stanciu – Romania

X.35. If then in the following relationship holds:

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Nicolae Mușuroia – Romania

X.36. If then in the following relationship holds:

√
∑
( ) √

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu,Daniela Beldea – Romania

X.37. If , different in pairs, ,

( ) ( ) ( )∑

Prove that: .
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
X.38 If –internal bisectors then:

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.39 In acute – orthocenter, – altitudes. Prove that:

( ) ( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.40. Prove that it doesn’t exists ( ) such that: ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
X.41. In Brocard angle, the following relationship holds:

( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.42. , are different in pairs,

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( ) ( ) ( )∑

Prove that: .
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
X.43. In acute the following relatioinship holds:
( ) ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
X.44. In acute the following relationship holds:

∑ 4 ( * 5

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.45. Let be the median triangle of . If ( )( )( ) collinears,
– incenter. Prove that:

( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
X.46. In – internal bisectors, ( ) ( ) ( ).

Prove that: , - . /, - , -

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.47. Let be the inradii of circumcevian triangle of incenter in acute . Prove that:
( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.48. In the following relationship holds:
( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.49. In – Brocard’s angle, the following relationship holds:

( ( *+
√ √
Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

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X.50. In – incenter, – Nagel’s point, the following relationship holds:

( *∑

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

X.51. In – Nagel’s cevian, – Gergonne’s cevian, the following relationship holds:

∑ ∑
√ √

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

X.52. In any triangle we have:

√
√ √ √ ∑√
√

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

X.53. In – incenter, – Nagel’s point, – Nagel’s cevian the following
relationship holds:

∑ √

Proposed by Bogdan Fuștei – Romania

X.54. If in – nine – point center then: √ √ √ √

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Nineta Oprescu – Romania

X.55. If then:

( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Claudia Nănuți – Romania
X.56. If then:

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Claudia Nănuți – Romania

X.57. If then:

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∑( ∑. / ,
. /

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Claudia Nănuți – Romania

X.58. If then:

√
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
X.59. If then:

√ √
4( )√ . / 5 :√( ) √. / ;

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

X.60. If then:
√ √ √
( √ ) ( √ ) ( √ )
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Mădălina Giurgescu – Romania

X.61. Solve for real numbers: √ √ √

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Mădălina Giurgescu– Romania

X.62. If then: ( √ √ ). /
√ √

When does equality holds?

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Laura Zaharia – Romania
X.63. If then:

∏ ∏ ∏
√ √ √ √ √ √

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

X.64. If sides in a cyclic quadrilateral with – area, – semiperimeter then:

. /( *( *( * (√ )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

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X.65. If in ( ) then: ( )( )( )
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
X.66. , - – pyramid, ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) – radii of circumsphere, – radii of insphere. Prove that:

∑( *

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

X.67.

Prove that:
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Tatiana Cristea – Romania

X.68. Prove that: . / is divisible by * +

Proposed by Prem Kumar-India

X.69. In – Bevan’s point, – excenters, ( )
( ) ( ) the following relationship holds:

( )

Proposed by Mehmet Sahin-Turkey

X.70. In – Bevan’s point, – excenters, ( ),

( ) ( ) the following relationship holds:
(, - , -)
Proposed by Mehmet Sahin-Turkey

X.71. In – Bevan’s point, – excenters, ( ),

( ) ( ) – area, the following relationship holds:
( )
( *

Proposed by Mehmet Sahin-Turkey

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X.72. In – excenters the following relationship holds:

( )
( * ( * ( *

Proposed by Mehmet Sahin-Turkey

X.73. In – Bevan’s point, – excenters, ( )
( ) ( ) – area, the following relationship holds:
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Mehmet Sahin-Turkey

X.74. Find that in any triangle the following inequality holds: ∑ ∑

When does the equality holds?

Proposed by Gheorghe Alexe and George – Florin Șerban-Romania
X.75. Prove that in any triangle the following inequality holds:

∑ ∑

Proposed by Gheorghe Alexe and George – Florin Șerban-Romania

X.76. * + different in pairs ( ) ( ) ( ). If

∑ ( )

then .
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
X.77. Let be the intouch triangle of . Let be the orthic triangle of
[ ]
. Prove that: , -

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.78. In acute denote – radii of circle tangent simultaneous to incircle and to sides
. Define analogous . Prove that:
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
X.79. * +, different in pairs,
( ) ( ) ( ). Prove that:

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( )
∑ ( ) ( ) ( )
( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.80. In acute – inradii of orthic triangle. Prove that:
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
X.81. In acute – Lemoine’s point the following relationship holds:

( ) ( *

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.82. In acute the following relationship holds:

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.83. If , different in pairs, ,

( ) ( ) ( )∑ . Prove that: .

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.84. In – Brocard’s point the following relationship holds:
( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.85. In acute – orthocenter, – altitudes. Prove that:

( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.86. * + different in pairs ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
. Prove that: .

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.87. In acute – Lemoine’s point, – bisectors of
, -
( ) ( ) ( ). Prove that: . /
, -

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.88. * +, different in pairs,

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. Find:

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.89. , different in pairs, ; ( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.90. In – internal bisectors, ( ) ( ) ( ).

Prove that: , - . /, - , -

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.91. In acute the following relationship holds:

∑ ∑ ( * √

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.92. In – centroid, – symedians in
, -
( ) ( ) ( ). Prove that: . /
, -

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.93. * +, different in pairs, ( ) ( ) ( )

∑ ( ) √ ( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

X.94. , different in pairs, ( ) ( ) ( )

∑ ( ) √

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

√
X.95. If in – Nagel’s cevians then:

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

X.96. If in acute – incentre, – centroid, – orthocenter, – Nagel’s point then:

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Iulia Sanda – Romania

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X.97. In – Nagel’s cevians, – Gergonne’s cevians. Find .

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

X.98. If then: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
X.99. Prove that in any triangle the following inequality holds:

∑ ( *

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.100. Prove that in any triangle the following relationship holds:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.101. Let be , such that . Prove that:
, where is a natural number.
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
X.102. Let be , such that . Prove that:
, where is a natural number. Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

X.103. In the following relationship holds: . / . / . /

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

All solutions for proposed problems can be finded on the
http//:www.ssmrmh.ro which is the adress of Romanian Mathematical
Magazine-Interactive Journal.

11-CLASS-STANDARD

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XI.1. ( ) ( ( ) ) . Find:
( ) (( ) )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
XI.2. Find all functions such that:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
XI.3. ( ) . Find: ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
XI.4 , - ( ) ( ) – continuous. Prove that:

, - ( ) ( ) √ ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

XI.5. Find ( ) such that: ( +

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

XI.6. ( ) ( +. Find: ( ) ( )

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

XI.7. If , then:

∑ ( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania

√ √ √
XI.8. If , then:
√ √ √

Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania

XI.9. If , then: ( ). /( )

Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania

XI.10. If ∑ ( ) , find:

. /

Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania

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( ) ( )
. / . /
XI.11. If . /, then: ( ( )) ( ( ))
Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania
XI.12. If , then:
∑

∏4 5 (∏ +

Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania

XI.13. If ( ) or ( ) , then:
√(∑ ) (∑ ( ) )
√:∏ ; :∑ ;
( )
Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania
XI.14. If ( - then prove:
( )( )
∑
( )( ( )( ))

Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania

XI.15. If ( ) ( ) ( ) are sequences of real numbers such that:

( )
∑. / ∑. / ( * ∑ ( *
( ) ( )

Find: ( )
Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania
XI.16. If ( ) then:

( )( )
∑ 4 5 √∏ ( ) ∑ ( )
√

Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania

XI.17. If ,

( ) : ;

then: ( ) ( ) ( ) √
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
XI.18. If then:

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| | | | ( ) | |

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Doina Cristina Călina – Romania

XI.19. If . / then:

( ) ( ) ( ) √
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
XI.20. If then: . / . / . / . /

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XI.21 If then: . / . / . /

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Corina Ionescu – Romania

XI.22. Find all continuous function satisfying: ( ) ( ( )) and

( ) for all real and real .
Proposed by Prem Kumar-India

XI.23. Prove that:

√ √

Proposed by Prem Kumar-India

( )
XI.24. Let ( ) * +. Prove that if is prime then:

. / ( ) for

Proposed by Prem Kumar-India

XI.25. Find:

( ∑ +

Proposed by Prem Kumar-India

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XI.26. Consider the following function defined for all real numbers . ( )

How many integers are there in the range of ?

Proposed by Prem Kumar-India

XI.27. Prove that . / is odd iff is a non-negative integral power of .

Proposed by Prem Kumar-India

XI.28. If ( ) ( ) ( ) then find:
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

XI.29 For (.∏ / .∑ . //* , find:

: : ; ;
. /

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

XI.30. ( ) . Find: ( ) (( ) )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
XI.31. If ( ) then find: ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
XI.32. ( ) . Find: ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
XI.33. ( ) . Find: ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
XI.34. If ( ) then: ( ) ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
XI.35 ( ) ( ) . Find: ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
XI.36. Find all continuous functions such that:

( ) . / – fixed
√

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

XI.37. If ( ) ( ) then:
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

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XI.38. If ( ) then:

( ( ) ( * *

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

XI.39. ( ) ( ) ( ) . Find: ( )
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
XI.40. Prove that in any triangle, the following inequality holds:

( * ( )

with the usual notations in triangle.

Proposed by Radu Diaconu – Romania

XI.41. Prove that in any triangle, the following inequality holds:

∑( * * +

with the usual notations in triangle.

Proposed by Radu Diaconu, Emil Popa – Romania

XI.42. Prove that in any triangle, the following inequality holds:

( * ( )

with the usual notations in triangle.

Proposed by Radu Diaconu – Romania

XI.43. In the following relationship holds:

( ) . / . /

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Cristian Moanță – Romania

XI.44. If then:

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( )( )( )
:∑ :√ √ ;;

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Dana Cotfasă – Romania

XI.45. If then:

( ) ( ) ( )
( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Eugenia Turcu – Romania

XI.46. If then:
√ √ √ √

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XI.47. Find:

. /
(. / : ∑: ;;,
. /

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XI.48. If in ( ) ( ) ( ) then:

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XI.49.

: ; ( ∑ + (( ∑ + : ;,
∑ ∑
( )

Find:

(∏ +

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

⁄ * + * +
XI.50. { }
( )
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Find: . /

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XI.51. Find:

( ) ( ) ( )
. /
: ;
( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XI.52. If then:

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
. /. / . /

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XI.53. Solve for real numbers:

( )

Proposed by Rovsen Pirguliyev-Azerbaijan

XI.54. Find such that: √( )( ) (√ √ )

Proposed by Rovsen Pirguliyev-Azerbaijan

XI.55. If ̅̅̅̅̅ * + then:

∑ √∏

Proposed by Rovsen Pirguliyev-Azerbaijan

XI.56. Prove without softs:

√
∫( *
( ) ( )

Proposed by Rovsen Pirguliyev-Azerbaijan

XI.57. If then:

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Proposed by Seyran Ibrahimov-Azerbaijan

All solutions for proposed problems can be finded on the

http//:www.ssmrmh.ro which is the adress of Romanian Mathematical
Magazine-Interactive Journal.
12-CLASS-STANDARD

XII.1. If and , find:

( √ √ √ √ ,

Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania

XII.2. Prove:

∫( )√ √( √ ) ( √ )

Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania

XII.3. For , prove that ( ) such that:

( ) √
∫
√( ) √ √
Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania
XII.4. Prove that:

∫ √

Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania

XII.5. Prove that:

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√
∫ . /

Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania

XII.6. ( ( ))( (
)) ( ) . Find:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ∫4 5
( ( ))( ( ))

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.7. Find:

(√ √)
( :∑ √ ∑ ∑ ;,
√ √
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
XII.8. Find:

( ∑4 4 55+
( )
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
XII.9. If then:
( ) ( )
∫4 5 ( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Ionuț Ivănescu – Romania

√
XII.10. If then:

( )( )
∫∫: ;
. / . /

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.11. If are all distinct such that and

( ) ( )
∑ ∑ ∑ ∑

where then prove that:

( ) (∏( )+

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.12. If then:

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∫ ∫

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.13. If then:

∫ ∫ ( ∫ ,

( )( )
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
XII.14. Let * + be the sequence of all positive integers which do not contain the digits
( )
zero. Prove that ⌈ ⌉ 0 1, where .
Note: ∑ . 0 1 / , -
Proposed by Prem Kumar-India
( √ )
XII.15. Integrate: ∫

Proposed by Prem Kumar-India

XII.16. If , - ( ) , continuous then:

( ( ) ( ))
∫ :∑ ( +; ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.17. Find:

∑ (∑ ( ( * ( **+

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.18. Find:

: ∑ ;
( )( )( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.19. , - , continuous, ∫ ( ) . Find:

∑: : ∑ ( * ( * ( *;;

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

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XII.20. Solve the following system of congruences.

( )
( )
{
( )
( )

Proposed by Naren Bhandari-Nepal

XII.21. Find the number of ordered quadruples of positive integers ( ) such that the
following holds:

, and are primes.

Proposed by Naren Bhandari-Nepal

XII.22. Find:

√
∫
√

Proposed by Radu Diaconu – Romania

XII.23. If then:

:∏ :∫ . √ / ;; ∏( *

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.24. Find:

(:∫ ( * ; :∫ ( * ; :∫ ( * ;,

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.25. Find:

∑ . /
√

∫ 4 5 ∫ 4 5
∑ . /
( √ )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.26. Find:

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:∑ ∑ ∑ ∑ ;
( )( )( )( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.27. Find:

:∫ ( * ;

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.28. If then:

∫ . /
( ) ( ) :∫ ; :∫ ; :∫ ;

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

XII.29.

( ) ∫4 5 ( ) ∫4 5

Prove that:

( ) ( ) 0 1

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

( )
XII.30. If then: ∫

Find: ∫ (( ) )

Proposed by Seyran Ibrahimov-Azerbaijan

XII.31. Find (( )) . / such that:

( ) ( )

Proposed by Seyran Ibrahimov-Azerbaijan

XII.32. Find:

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∫ .0 1/ , - great integer function.

( ) ( )

Proposed by Jalil Hajimir-Canada

XII.33. Prove:

. /
∫√

Proposed by Jalil Hajimir-Canada

All solutions for proposed problems can be finded on the

http//:www.ssmrmh.ro which is the adress of Romanian Mathematical
Magazine-Interactive Journal.

UNDERGRADUATE PROBLEMS

U.1. Find:
( )
:∫ ;
√
Proposed by Ajao Yinka-Nigeria
U.2. Find:
( )
∫

Proposed by Ajao Yinka-Nigeria

U.3. Find:

Proposed by Ajao Yinka-Nigeria

U.4. Find:
( )
:∫ ;
√
Proposed by Ajao Yinka-Nigeria

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U.5. Find:

∫ ( )

Proposed by Ajao Yinka-Nigeria

U.6. ( ) . Find:

∑( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

U.7. , - ( ) – continuous. Find ⏟ such that:

( ) ( ) ( )
∫ ∫ ∫(( ( ) ( )) ( ( ) ( )) ( ( ) ( )) ∫ ( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Claudia Nănuți – Romania

U.8. If then:

∫∫ √ ( ) ( ) √ ( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Marian Voinea – Romania

U.9. If then:
( )
∫∫∫4 5 ( *
√

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Marian Voinea – Romania

U.10. If then:

∫∫4 5
( )( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru,Claudia Nănuți – Romania

U.11. Evaluate the following sum:

∑
( )
Proposed by Prem Kumar-India
U.12. Prove that . ∑ /
( )
In fact, its value is Niven’s constant that is equal to
Proposed by Prem Kumar-India
U.13. Prove that:

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( )∏
√ ( )
The product on the left-hand side extends over all prime numbers .
Proposed by Prem Kumar-India
U.14. Prove that ∏
Proposed by Prem Kumar-India
U.15. Prove that:

( )( ∑ ( )
+

Proposed by Prem Kumar-India

U.16. Find all values of for which . / is not divisible by .
Proposed by Prem Kumar-India
U.17. Evaluate the following sum:

∑
( )
Proposed by Prem Kumar-India

U.18. For any real number and a positive integer prove that:
( )
| ( ) ( ) ( ) |
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.19. Prove the following:

( )
∫ 4 5
( )

( )
∫ 4 5 ( ( ( )) )
( )
– Catalan constant
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.20. Evaluate the integral in a closed – form:

∫ ( ) ( )

Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.21. Prove the relation:
( ) ( )
∫ .√ √ / √ ∫

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( ) ( ) ( ) . / ( ) ( )

( )
where ( ) ∫( )
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.22. Compute the integral in a closed – form:

√
∫ 4 5

Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.23. If
( )
( ) ∫
( )
, ( )-( )
then, ∑ , ( )-( )
, ( )-( ) – Laplace transform of ( ) with variable
, ( )-( ) – Mellin transform of ( ) with variable
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India
U.24. Let – Harmonic Number
( )
( ) ∑∑
( )( )( )
then find the shortest solutions to the following values
( ) ( )
( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.25. For any complex number ( )

∫ ( ) . / ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
∫
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.26. Prove the following relation

∫( *( ( ) * ( ) 4 4 √ √ 5 5
√
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.27. Prove the integral relation and evaluate in a closed form:

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( ) ( ( ))
∫∫ . /4 5 ∫
( ) √
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.28. Find the Principal value of the integral:

( ) ( )
∫ ( )
. / . /
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.29. Let be the angles of a triangle then show that:

. / . / . /
. /
. / . / . /
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.30. Let be real numbers and if: ( ) ( ) ( )( )

and ( ) ( ) ( )( ) then find the value of the expression

4 5 ( *
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India
U.31. Prove the following relation:

∫ ( )√ ( ) (√ ( ))

√√ √ 4 4√ √ 5
*5 (
√
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.32. Evaluate the integral in a closed form:

( )
:∫ ( ) ;
( )
Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.33. Find the shortest way to prove that:

( )
∫ (√ ) ( ) ( )

where is the Catalan Constant

Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

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U.34. If we define the function:

( )
( ) ∫ ( )
( )

then evaluate the integral in a closed – form:

( )
∫ :∫ ;
√

Proposed by K. Srinivasa Raghava-AIRMC-India

U.35. Find:

( )
:∫ 4 5 ;

Proposed by Mohamed Arahman Jama-Somalia

U.36. Find:

( ) . . //

Proposed by Mohamed Arahman Jama-Somalia

U.37. Let be the solution of the following equation: ( ) . / ( ) .

Find:

: ∫ ;
( ) ( )

Proposed by Mohamed Arahman Jama-Somalia

U.38. Find:

( )( )
:∫ ;

Proposed by Mohamed Arahman Jama-Somalia

U.39. Find:

∫ (∑ ( *+
( )

Proposed by Mohamed Arahman Jama-Somalia

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U.40. Find:

∑( ( ( ) **

Proposed by Mohamed Arahman Jama-Somalia

U.41. Find:

( ) ( )
∑4 5
( )

Proposed by Mohamed Arahman Jama-Somalia

U.42. Find:

∫ :∑ : (∑ ( *+;;

Proposed by Mohamed Arahman Jama-Somalia

U.43. For ( ) * +. Prove that:

∫. (√ ) ( ) /

Proposed by Mohammed Bouras – Maroc

U.44. Prove that:

( )
∫ .( ) /

Proposed by Mohammed Bouras – Maroc

U.45.

∫√ √ √ √ √ √ √
√ √ √
⏟

– Fibonacci number;

Prove that is faster to give golden number then

Proposed by Mohammed Bouras – Maroc

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U.46. If then:

( ) √ ∫∫∫ 4 ( )5

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

U.47. Evaluate:
( )
∫

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.48.

√ ( ) ( )
∫
√ ( ) ( ) ( )

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.49. Prove:

∫ ( *
√

( )
4 5 ( *

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.50.
( )
( ) ( )
∫∑

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.51. Find:

:∫ ( ( ) ) ;

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.52. Evaluate:

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∫ ( ( **

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.53.
( ) ( ( ) ( ))
∫

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.54.
( ) ( ) ( )
∫ ∫ ∫

( )
( )

where ( ) is the Riemann zeta function.

Proposed by Abdul Hafeez Ayinde-Nigeria

U.55.

∫( ( ) ( ))

Proposed by Abdul Hafeez Ayinde-Nigeria

U.56. Find:

∫4 5
√

Proposed by Abdul Hafeez Ayinde-Nigeria

U.57. ( ) ∫ . / ( ). Find:

( )
∫4 5
√

Proposed by Abdul Hafeez Ayinde-Nigeria

U.58. Find:

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( ) ∫( *
( )( )

Proposed by Abdul Hafeez Ayinde-Nigeria

U.59. Prove without the use of Harmonic series that:

∫ ( ) ( )

Proposed by Abdul Hafeez Ayinde-Nigeria

U.60. Prove that:

( ) ( ) ( )
∫ ∫ ∫ ∫
( )

( ) ( )
∫ ∫ ( )

where is catalan’s constant.

Proposed by Abdul Hafeez Ayinde-Nigeria

U.61. A mixture of integrals and summations:

( ) ( ) ( )
∫ ∫ ∫

( )
∫ ∫ ∑ ∫ ( )
( )

( )
∫ ∑ ∫ ( )

( )
∑ ∫ ( ) ( )
( )

Where ( ) is the Riemann zeta function, is Catalan’s constant, is the Harmonic Number.

Proposed by Abdul Hafeez Ayinde-Nigeria

U.62.

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∫. √ /

Find . / and prove that:

(( ) ) ( * ( ) ( )

Proposed by Abdul Hafeez Ayinde-Nigeria

U.63. Inspired by Prof. Daniel Sitaru

Prove that:

∑ (∑ ( *+ ( )√
( )( ) √

Proposed by Naren Bhandari-Nepal

U.64. Define for all ( ) √ √ √ √ ( ) then prove that:

⏟

( )
∫( )

√ √ √ √ √
√ √
Proposed by Naren Bhandari-Nepal

U.65. For all let:

( ) ∫

Prove that:

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
∑
( ) ( )

Proposed by Naren Bhandari-Nepal

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U.66.

( ) ∑ . . // . /

Prove that:

( ) ( ) ( )
4 5

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

U.67. Find:

( )
∑ (4 5 +
( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

U.68. If then:

∫∫ ( * ( )∫

∫∫ ( * ( )∫

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

U.69. If , different in pairs then:

( ) ( ) ( ) :∏ :√ √ ;;

( ) ∑( 4 5 +

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

U.70.
( ) ( )
∫

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

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U.71. Let ( ) ( ) and ( ) ∫ ( ) prove that ∑ ( ) . /

√

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.72.
( )
∫ ( ( ) ( ))

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.73. Find:

:∫ 4 5 ;

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.74.
( ) ( ( ) ( ))
∫

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.75. Find:

∫ ( *
√

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.76. Prove that:

∫ ( ) ( *

Proposed by Abdul Mukhtar-Nigeria

U.77. Prove:

, -
∫∫ ∫ 6 7
, -

Proposed by Jalil Hajimir-Canada

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U.78. Prove:

∫∫∫. /

Proposed by Jalil Hajimir-Canada

U.79. Find:

( ) ∫ ∫ ( , -) , - - great integer function.

Proposed by Jalil Hajimir-Canada

U.80. Find the points on the surface that are closest to the origin.

Proposed by Jalil Hajimir-Canada

U.81. Prove without softs:

( ) ( ) ( ) √
∫∫∫4 5

Proposed by Jalil Hajimir-Canada

U.82.
, -
∫∫ , -
, -

, - is the greatest integer part of

Proposed by Jalil Hajimir-Canada

U.83. Find:

( ) ( )
∫4 5

Proposed by Cornel Ioan Vălean – Romania

U.84. Find:

( )
∫4 5

Proposed by Cornel Ioan Vălean – Romania

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All solutions for proposed problems can be finded on the

http//:www.ssmrmh.ro which is the adress of Romanian Mathematical
Magazine-Interactive Journal.

ROMANIAN MATHEMATICAL MAGAZINE-R.M.M.-Winter 2020

PROBLEMS FOR JUNIORS

JP.271. If then:
( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
JP.272. If then:

√ √ √ √
Proposed by Hung Nguyen Viet – Vietnam
JP.273. If then:
( )

Proposed by Hung Nguyen Viet – Vietnam

JP.274. If then:
( )( ) ( )
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
JP.275. If in then:

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

JP.276. In the following relationship holds:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

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JP.277. In the following relationship holds:

( * ( * ( *

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

JP.278. Solve for real numbers ( ; fixex):

√ √ ( )
Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania
JP.279. In the following relationship holds:

( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by Hung Nguyen Viet – Vietnam
JP.280. In the following relationship holds:
( )
√ √ √

Proposed by Hung Nguyen Viet – Vietnam

JP.281. If then:
( ) ( ) ( )
√
√ √ √
Proposed by Hung Nguyen Viet – Vietnam
JP.282. If then:
( ) ( )
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
JP.283. If then:

∑ ∑ ( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

JP.284. In acute the following relationship holds:

√ √ √
√ . /
√ √ √
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
JP.285. In the following relationship holds:

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Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

PROBLEMS FOR SENIORS

SP.271. If then:

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

SP.272. In the following relationship holds:

4 5

Proposed by George Apostolopoulos – Greece

SP.273. If then:

When does the equality holds?

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
SP.274. If in then the following relationship holds:

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

SP.275. In the following relationship holds:

( * ( * ( *

Proposed by Hung Nguyen Viet – Vietnam

SP.276. If then:
( )( ) ( )
∑ ∑

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

SP.277. In the following relationship holds:

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( * ∑ :√ √ ;

Proposed by George Apostolopoulos – Greece

SP.278. Let be 0 1 ( ) . Find Imf.

Proposed by Marin Chirciu – Romania

SP.279. If in – Brocard angle then the following relationship holds:

√
√

Proposed by Vasile Jiglău – Romania

SP.280. If * + * + * + then:

, - * + , - * + , - * + (, - , - , - )
* + , - , - great integer function
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

SP.281. If . / then:

4√ 5 :√ ; 4√ 5 :√ ; :√ √ ;

( )
( )
Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania
SP.282. If in – orthocenter; bisectors of angles respectively
( ) ( ) ( ) then the following relationship holds:
, -
. /
, -
Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania
SP.283. Find such that:

√ √ √
√

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

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SP.284. In the following relationship holds:

( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by George Apostolopoulos – Greece
SP.285. In the following relationship holds:

Proposed by George Apostolopoulos – Greece

UNDERGRADUATE PROBLEMS
UP.271. If then:

∫∫∫. . / . / . // ( ) ( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

UP.272. Prove without softs:

∫ ∫ ∫( (√ ))

Proposed by Florentin Vișescu – Romania

UP.273. In acute the following relationship hold:

(√ ) (√ ) (√ )
Proposed by Florentin Vișescu – Romania

( )
UP.274. If . / . / . / then find:

√
4 5
Proposed by Florică Anastase – Romania
UP.275. Find:

: ∑ ∑ ∑ ∑( );

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

UP.276. Find:

:∑ ∑ ∑ ∑ ( *;

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

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UP.277. Find:
∑ ( *
√( )
( ,

Proposed by Marian Ursărescu – Romania

UP.278. If then:

∫ ∫( ( )) ( )

Proposed by Daniel Sitaru – Romania

( )
UP.279. If ( ) ( ) . / and exists
( )

(( ( )) * then:

( ( ))
:(( ( )) ( ( )) * ;

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu, Neculai Stanciu – Romania

UP.280. Let be sides in ( ) ( ) ( ) sequence of positive

numbers such that:
( ) ( * ( *
Prove that:
√ √ √ √
4 5
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu, Neculai Stanciu – Romania

UP.281. If ( ) ( ) . / √
√ √ √ √ √ then find:
( )
4 5
√ √

Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu, Daniel Sitaru – Romania

UP.282. If ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( * ( *

. / then:

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√ √
( ) ( )
( )
Proposed by D.M. Bătinețu – Giurgiu, Neculai Stanciu – Romania
UP.283. In the following relationship holds:

( ) ( ) ( )
Proposed by George Apostolopoulos – Greece

UP.284. In the following relationship holds:

√
∑
( ) ( )( )

Proposed by George Apostolopoulos – Greece

UP.285. In the following relationship holds:

4 5

Proposed by George Apostolopoulos – Greece

All solutions for proposed problems can be finded on the

http//:www.ssmrmh.ro which is the adress of Romanian Mathematical
Magazine-Interactive Journal.

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INDEX OF AUTHORS RMM-27

Nr.crt. Numele și prenumele Nr.crt. Numele și prenumele
1 DANIEL SITARU-ROMANIA 44 AJAO YINKA-NIGERIA
2 D.M.BĂTINEȚU-GIURGIU-ROMANIA 45 PREM KUMAR-INDIA
3 CLAUDIA NĂNUȚI-ROMANIA 46 MEHMET ȘAHIN-TURKEY
4 NECULAI STANCIU-ROMANIA 47 SEYRAN IBRAHIMOV-AZERBAIJAN
5 MARIAN URSĂRESCU-ROMANIA 48 NGUYEN VIET HUNG-VIETNAM
6 BOGDAN FUȘTEI-ROMANIA 49 SRINIVASA RAGHAVA-INDIA
7 FLORICĂ ANASTASE-ROMANIA 50 NAREN BHANDARI-NEPAL
8 MARIN CHIRCIU-ROMANIA 51 MOHAMMED BOURAS-MAROC
9 VASILE BURUIANĂ-ROMANIA 52 MOHAMED ARAHMAN JAMA-SOMALIA
10 MARIAN DINCĂ-ROMANIA 53 VASILE JIGLĂU-ROMANIA
11 FLORENTIN VIȘESCU-ROMANIA 54 JALIL HAJIMIR-CANADA
12 ȘTEFAN MARICA-ROMANIA 55 ROVSEN PIRGULIYEV-AZERBAIJAN
13 ENE CRISTINA-ROMANIA 56 GEORGE APOSTOLOPOULOS-GREECE
14 GHEORGHE CALAFETEANU-ROMANIA 57 ABDUL MUKHTAR-NIGERIA
15 ELENA NICU-ROMANIA 58 ABDUL HAFEEZ AYINDE-NIGERIA
16 PETRE STÂNGESCU-ROMANIA 29 MĂDĂLINA GIURGESCU-ROMANIA
17 IULIANA TRAȘCĂ-ROMANIA 60 ALINA GEORGIANA GHIȚĂ-ROMANIA
18 AUREL CHIRIȚĂ -ROMANIA 61 ALINA TIGAE-ROMANIA
19 CONSTANTIN IONICĂ-ROMANIA 62 AMELIA CURCĂ NĂSTĂSELU-ROMANIA
20 DANIEL STRETCU-ROMANIA 63 LAVINIA TRINCU-ROMANIA
21 MIREA MIHAELA MIOARA-ROMANIA 64 CAMELIA DANĂ-ROMANIA
22 GHEORGHE ALEXE-ROMANIA 65 MARIAN VOINEA-ROMANIA
23 GEORGE-FLORIN ȘERBAN-ROMANIA 66 CĂTĂLIN PANĂ-ROMANIA
24 LUCIAN TUȚESCU-ROMANIA 67 CLAUDIU CIULCU-ROMANIA
25 RADU DIACONU-ROMANIA 68 CRISTINA SPIRIDON-ROMANIA
26 EMIL POPA-ROMANIA 69 CONSTANTINA PRUNARU-ROMANIA
27 ALECU ORLANDO-ROMANIA 70 CORINA IONESCU-ROMANIA
28 CRISTIAN MOANȚĂ-ROMANIA 71 IULIA SANDA-ROMANIA
29 DAN GRIGORIE-ROMANIA 72 LAURA ZAHARIA-ROMANIA
30 DANA COTFASĂ-ROMANIA 73 LUIZA CREMENEANU-ROMANIA
31 DANIELA BELDEA-ROMANIA 74 MIHAELA DĂIANU-ROMANIA
32 CATALIN SPIRIDON-ROMANIA 75 MIHAELA NASCU-ROMANIA
33 DELIA POPESCU-ROMANIA 76 MIHAELA STĂNCELE-ROMANIA
34 DELIA SHNEIDER-ROMANIA 77 NICOLAE RADU-ROMANIA
35 DOINA CRISTINA CĂLINA-ROMANIA 78 NINETA OPRESCU-ROMANIA
36 DORINA GOICEANU-ROMANIA 79 TATIANA CRISTEA-ROMANIA
37 ELENA ALEXIE-ROMANIA 80 IOAN CORNEL VĂLEAN-ROMANIA
38 ELENA IACOB MEDA-ROMANIA 81 PATRICIA ANICUȚA BEȚIU-ROMANIA
39 EUGENIA TURCU-ROMANIA 82 ROXANA VASILE-ROMANIA
40 GABRIELA VASILE-ROMANIA 83 VIRGINIA GRIGORESCU-ROMANIA
41 ILEANA DUMA-ROMANIA 84 GHEORGHE BOROICA-ROMANIA
42 ILEANA STANCIU-ROMANIA 85 NICOLAE MUȘUROIA-ROMANIA
43 IONUȚ IVĂNESCU-ROMANIA 86 GHEORGHE STOICA-ROMANIA
NOTĂ: Pentru a publica probleme propuse, articole și note matematice în RMM puteți trimite materialele pe
mailul: dansitaru63@yahoo.com

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