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Sipho!) - (Plural) Musani Ukufunda Isizulu Bafundi! (Don'T Learn Zulu Students!)

The document discusses commands in Zulu. It provides three general rules for commands: (1) the initial vowel of a noun falls away when giving a direct instruction, (2) the negative uses "musa" (singular) or "musani" (plural) followed by "uku-" and the verb, and (3) some verbs with vowel prefixes change in the negative. It also categorizes verbs into three types: normal verbs, vowel-starting verbs, and monosyllabic verbs. The rest of the document provides examples of positive and negative commands using different verb types and addresses.

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692 views7 pages

Sipho!) - (Plural) Musani Ukufunda Isizulu Bafundi! (Don'T Learn Zulu Students!)

The document discusses commands in Zulu. It provides three general rules for commands: (1) the initial vowel of a noun falls away when giving a direct instruction, (2) the negative uses "musa" (singular) or "musani" (plural) followed by "uku-" and the verb, and (3) some verbs with vowel prefixes change in the negative. It also categorizes verbs into three types: normal verbs, vowel-starting verbs, and monosyllabic verbs. The rest of the document provides examples of positive and negative commands using different verb types and addresses.

Uploaded by

tash
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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WEEK 05

UNIT 06
COMMANDS (pp-53-62)

Definition: Commands are used when giving instructions,


they are the opposite of polite requests
General rules about commands:

(i) Because they are used when addressing a person


directly the initial vowel of a noun falls away
Examples: Bhala mfana! (write boy!)

(ii) In the negative there are two changes, i.e. use musa!
(sing.) musani (plural) followed by uku- & then the verb
(or possibly an object
Examples: (Singular) Musa ukukhala Sipho! (Don’t cry
Sipho!). (Plural) Musani ukufunda IsiZulu bafundi! (don’t
learn Zulu students!) end R-4

(iii) (In the negative-musa/musani) When uku- is followed


by vowel-commencing-verbs (verbs which begin with a
vowel), these changes take place;
a) U for uku- changes to w if these verbs are used:
--eba(steal), -enza(do), -enyuka(go up), ephula(break),
end-R3

Examples: Musa ukweba imali! (don’t steal money!), musa


ukwenza itiye! (Don’t make tea!), musani ukwenyuka bafana!
(Don’t go up boys!), Musa ukwephula umthetho Sipho!
(Don’t break the law Sipho!)
b) (In the negative-musa/musani) when uku- is followed
by monosyllabic verbs (-ma(stop), -dla(eat),
-pha(give) no change takes place (just connect uku-
&that stem)
Examples: Musani ukuma emarobhothini bafundi! (don’t stop
at the robots students!), Musa ukudla inyama gogo! (Don’t eat
meat granny!)
(iv) (In the negative) when uku- is immediately followed
by verbs which start with –o (e.g. –osa(roast), -
ona(sin/transgress), -onga(save) u- for uku- falls away.
Examples: Musa ukonga imali baba! (Don’t save money
father!), Musani ukosa inyama mantombazane! (Don’t roast
meat girls!) etc
*Three important things to note:

(i)Verbs as they are (when addressing one person directly)


(i.e. hamba mfana, funda Sipho, phuma mfundi etc.
(ii) Suffix –ni (for plural) (dlalani, bhalani, balani etc)
(iii) Drop the initial vowel of a person/people being addressed
directly (hambani, bafundi, lalela mfana etc.

NB: There are three important verbs which are used slightly
differently in commands (Vowel commencing verbs)
(y)ala ( to refuse), (y)enza (to make), (y)onga (to save) [prefix
–y-/still take –ni for plural

Summary: THREE CATEGORIES OF VERBS:

(i) Normal verbs (e.g. bhala, funda, hamba etc)


(ii) Vowel commencing verbs (ala, onga, enza, akha etc)
(prefix y +verb)
(iii) Monosyllabic verbs (-za, -ya, -ma, -lwa, -dla etc)
(*prefix yi +Verb)

******in the plural you still suffix –ni at the end (i.e. bhalani,
yenzani, yizani etc)

Note: Commands in Zulu are not normally used to address the


elders

CLASS 2A
COMMANDS
POSITIVE & NEGATIVE

POSITIVE NEGATIVE

With normal verbs


Sebenzani bobaba! Musani ukusebenza bobaba!
(Work fathers!) (don’t work fathers)

Sukumani bomalume! Musani ukusukuma bomalume!


(Stand up uncles!) (don’t stand up uncles!)

Phekani! bodadewethu!) Musani ukupheka


(Cook sisters!) bodadewethu! (don’t cook
sisters!)
Thengani amaswidi bogogo! Musani ukuthenga amaswidi
(Buy sweets grannies!) bogogo! (don’t buy sweets
grannies!)
Lalelani bobhuti! Musani ukulalela bobhuti!
(Listen, brothers!) (don’t)

Khulumani boSipho! Musani ukukhuluma boSipho!


(Speak Sipho & company!) (Sipho & company, don’t
speak!)

With monosyllabic verbs


Yimani emarobhothini Musani ukuma emarobhothini
bobaba! bobaba! (Don’t stop at the
(Stop at the robots fathers!) robots fathers)

Yidlani ukudla bomalume! Musani ukudla ukudla


(Uncles, eat food) bomalume! (don’t)

Yiyani esitolo bodadewethu! Musani ukuya esitolo


(Go to the shop sisters!) bodadewethu! (Don’t go to the
shop sisters!)
Yiphani abantwana ukudla Musani ukupha abantwana
bogogo! ukudla bogogo! (don’t give
(Give children food grannies!) children food grannies!)

Yizani/wozani kusasa Musani ukuza kusasa


bobhuti! (Come tomorrow bobhuti(don’t come tomorrow
brothers!) brothers!)

With vowel commencing verbs


Yenzani itiye bobaba! Musani ukwenza itiye bobaba!
(Make tea fathers!) (Don’t make tea fathers!)

Yakhani indlu bomalume! Musani ukwakha indlu


(Build a house uncles!) bomalume! (Don’t build a
house uncles!)
Yongani imali bodadewethu! Musani ukonga imali
(Save money sisters!) bodadewethu! (Don’t save
money sisters!)
Yosani inyama bobhuti! Musani ukosa inyama bobhuti!
(Roast meat brothers!) (Don’t roast meat brothers!)

Yebani amaswidi bogogo! Musani ukweba amaswidi


(Steal sweets grannies!) bogogo! (Don’t steal sweets
grannies!)

HOW TO CHANGE STATEMENTS INTO COMMANDS

LOOK AT THE EXAMPLES BELOW

1. Umama wenza itiye.

Yenza itiye mama!

2. Amantombazane aphuza amanzi.

Phuzani amanzi mantombazane!

3. Abantwana bafunda incwadi.

Fundani incwadi bantwana!

4. Amadoda akha imizi.

Yakhani imizi madoda!

5. Abafundi baya eGoli.

Yiyani eGoli bafundi!

6. Ogogo bathenga amazambane.

Thengani amazambane bogogo!

7. Ubaba ushayela ibhasi

Shayela ibhasi baba!


8. Umfana udla inyama

Yidla inyama mfana!

HOW TO CHANGE POSITIVE COMMANDS INTO


NEGATIVE

1. Yenza itiye mama!

Musa ukwenza itiye mama! Uku+enza-ukuenza u-w

2. Phuzani amanzi mantombazane!

Musani ukuphuza amanzi mantombazane!

3. Fundani incwadi bantwana!

Musani ukufunda incwadi bantwana!

4. Yakhani imizi madoda!

Musani ukwakha imizi madoda!

5. Yiyani eGoli bafundi!

Musani ukuya eGoli bafundi!

6. Thengani amazambane bogogo!

Musani ukuthenga amazambane bogogo!

7. Shayelani ibhasi bobaba!

Musani ukushayela ibhasi bobaba!

9. Yidla inyama mfana!

Musa ukudla inyama mfana!

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