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Reflection and Refraction of Light Chapter 10 NOTES

This document discusses reflection and refraction of light, including reflection from plane and spherical mirrors. It defines key terms like ray, beam, reflection, normal incidence, image formation in plane mirrors. It describes the characteristics of images formed in plane mirrors and introduces spherical mirrors, defining concave and convex mirrors. It defines important terms related to spherical mirrors like center of curvature, pole, principal axis, radius of curvature, principal focus, and focal length. The relationship between focal length and radius of curvature is given as f=R/2.

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283 views4 pages

Reflection and Refraction of Light Chapter 10 NOTES

This document discusses reflection and refraction of light, including reflection from plane and spherical mirrors. It defines key terms like ray, beam, reflection, normal incidence, image formation in plane mirrors. It describes the characteristics of images formed in plane mirrors and introduces spherical mirrors, defining concave and convex mirrors. It defines important terms related to spherical mirrors like center of curvature, pole, principal axis, radius of curvature, principal focus, and focal length. The relationship between focal length and radius of curvature is given as f=R/2.

Uploaded by

Technical Ayush
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHAPTER 10 Reflection And Refraction of LIGHT

CLASS X

● Light is a form of energy that enables us to see the objects. When light falls on a surface
three phenomenon take place: reflection, transmission and absorption.

● Ray of light: the path traversed by light from source to any surface is called as a ray of
light.
● Beam of light: a bundle of rays of light from the source emitted form a beam of light.
● Reflection of light: bouncing back of a ray of light in the same medium is called as
reflection of light.
● Laws of reflection:
1. Angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refection.
2. The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal all lie in the same plane.

● Normal incidence case in a plane mirror: when a ray of light is incident


perpendicularly on a plane mirror; it gets reflected back along the same path or it
traverses the same path after reflection but in opposite direction.

Angle of incidence in this case will be 0° and angle of reflection will also be zero.
Image formation in a plane mirror:

Characteristics of image formed in a plane mirror:


The image is Virtual, erect, same size, laterally inverted and same distance behind
the plane mirror as is the object.

Spherical Mirrors
Spherical mirror: a part cut out of a hollow glass sphere and polished from one
side acts as a spherical mirror.

Two types of spherical mirrors :

1. Concave mirror: the spherical mirror whose reflecting surface is bulging inwards is
called a concave mirror.

2. Convex mirror: the spherical mirror whose reflecting surface is bulging outwards is
called a convex mirror.
Terms related to spherical mirror:

1. Centre of curvature: It is the centre of the sphere of which the spherical


mirror is a part.

2. Pole: The central point on the surface of mirror is called its pole.

3. Principal axis: The horizontal line passing through the pole and the centre
of curvature.

4. Radius of curvature: The radius of the sphere of which the spherical mirror
is a part. Or it is the distance between the pole and the centre of curvature.

5. Principal focus : It is a point on the principal axis where a parallel beam of


light after reflection from the spherical mirror either converges (in case of a
concave mirror ) or appears to diverge from this point (in case of convex mirror )

6. Focal length: It is the distance between pole and the principal focus of a
spherical mirror.

7. Relation between focal length and the radius of curvature:


f= R/2
where f = focal length and R is the radius of curvature of spherical mirror .

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