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Civil Engineering Assignment 1

This 3 page mathematics assignment from Copperbelt University contains 3 questions assessing numerical computing and statistics skills. Question 1 has parts assessing definitions of forward and backward difference, derivation of formulas, and evaluations. Question 2 focuses on definitions of interpolation and extrapolation, derivation of formulas, and using Newton's interpolation formula. Question 3 covers the bisection method for finding roots, stating Newton-Raphson and Jacobi's iteration methods, and applying the methods to systems of equations. The assignment is due on April 6th and is out of 60 total marks.

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Gabriel Tambwe
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216 views5 pages

Civil Engineering Assignment 1

This 3 page mathematics assignment from Copperbelt University contains 3 questions assessing numerical computing and statistics skills. Question 1 has parts assessing definitions of forward and backward difference, derivation of formulas, and evaluations. Question 2 focuses on definitions of interpolation and extrapolation, derivation of formulas, and using Newton's interpolation formula. Question 3 covers the bisection method for finding roots, stating Newton-Raphson and Jacobi's iteration methods, and applying the methods to systems of equations. The assignment is due on April 6th and is out of 60 total marks.

Uploaded by

Gabriel Tambwe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Copperbelt University

School of Mathematics And Natural Sciences

Department of Mathematics

MA411: Numerical Computing and Statistics

Assignment 01
April 2, 2020

Due Date: 06/04/2020 Total Marks: 60

INSTRUCTIONS

• This Assignment contains 5 pages (including the cover page) and


3 questions.
• Check to see if any pages are missing in the question paper.
Organize your work, in a reasonably neat and coherent way, in
the space provided. Work scattered all over the page without a
clear ordering will receive very little credit.

[Do Not Turn This Page Until You Are Told To Do So]

1
QUESTION ONE

(a) Define the following terms;


(i) First Forward Difference ∆.
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) First Backward Difference ∇.
[ 1 mark ]
h i
(b) (i) Use the definition in a(i) to derive the general formula for ∆n e3x+4
h i
and use it to evaluate the value of ∆100 e3x+4 .

[4 marks]
" #
1
(ii) Evaluate ∆ , taking the interval of
3x3 + 8x2 − 15x + 4
differencing to be unity.
[ 4 marks]

(c) Evaluate the following, taking interval of differencing to be unity.


(i) ∆(sin 3x cos 6x).
[ 3 marks ]
!
x3
(ii) ∆ .
sin 3x

[ 3 marks]

QUESTION TWO

(a) Define the following terms.


(i) Interpolation .
[1.5 mark]
(ii) Extrapolation .
[1.5 marks]
(b) Derive the following
(i) Newton- Gregory Forward Interpolation Formula.
[3 marks]
(ii) Backward- Gregory Forward Interpolation.
[3 marks]
(iii) Using Newton’s forward Interpolation formula, find y at x = 8 from
the following table;

x 0 5 10 15 20 25
y 7 11 14 18 24 32

[4 marks]

2
(c) (i) The following table gives the population of a town during the last
census. Estimate using Newton’s Interpolation formula, the
increase in the population during the period 1946 to 1948.

Year 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961


Population 12 15 20 27 39 52

[4 marks]
(ii) From the difference table of φ(x) = x3 − 3x2 + 5x + 7 for the values
of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 by using the differencing table. Find φ(10).
[2 marks]
QUESTION THREE

(a) One of the first numerical methods developed to find the root of a
non-linear equation was the Bisection Method.
(i) Outline the steps to apply the Bisection Method to find roots of the
equation f (x) = 0 .

[2 marks]

(ii) State the Bisection method and Newton’s Raphson method.

[2 marks]

(iii) Use both the methods in (ii) to find a positive root of the equation

x4 + x3 − 7x2 − x + 5 = 0.

[4 marks]

(b) Given the system of equations


(i)
x − y + z = 10

2x + 8y − z = 11

−x + y + 4z = 3
Starting from x0 , y0 , z0 = 0, use both the Jacobi’s Iteration method
and Gauss-Seidel Iteration method to find the solution of
xk , yk , zk for k= 1,2,3,4 . Will the Iteration converge to the solution.
[4 marks]

3
 1 1
  12
(ii) Prove that E 2 + E − 2 1 + ∆ = 2 + ∆.

[2 marks]
3 −1 3
(iii) Prove that ∆ y2 = (1 − E ) y5 .
[2 marks]
(c) Consider the table below;

(i) Make y as a function of x


x 0 1 2 3 4
y 3 6 11 18 27

[3 marks]
(ii) Find by interpolation the missing values in the following data

x 0 5 10 15 20 25
y 6 10 17 31

[3 marks]
(iii) Applying
√ Newton’s√forward Interpolation
√ formula,
√ compute the value
of
√ 5, given that 5 = 2.236, 6 = 2.449, 7 = 2.646 and
8 = 2.828, correct up to three places of decimal that is;
√
x 5 6 7 8
y 2.236 2.449 2.646 2.828

[3 marks]

♠ End of Test01 ♠
J. Kalunga

4
• Student’s Surname; ..................................................................................................

• Student’s First name; ...............................................................................................

• Degree Programme; .................................................................................................

• Course Name and Code; ..........................................................................................

• Student Number; ......................................................................................................

• Date; 06/04/2020

• Lecturer’s Name; Mr J. Kalunga.

[STUDENT’S COVER PAGE]

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