MONITORING FOULING

LEVELS OF BALLAST
MANJUL MATHUR
CGE/SC RAILWAY
MONITORING FOULING LEVELS
• Availability of BCMs
• Availability of ballast through Depot collections.
• All Zonal Railways are now carrying out 25-35
Kms of Deep screening every year.

• When should we carry out Deep screening of

ballast?

• Condition of ballast!
• Fouling measured and monitored-
-Timings of deep screening
-Enhance the life of costliest component of track-
RAIL.
• Ballast Functions
• Ballast Fouling
• Ballast Fouling and settlements
• Ballast Fouling- Track Modulus- Rail stresses
• Deep screening – Present instructions
• Studies carried out ERRI
• Practices followed by World Railways
• Formula suggested by RDSO- field measurements
• Observations and recommendations
• Ground Penetrating Radars.
• Distribute the high wheel loads uniformly on
the subgrade while providing an elastic
support to rail sleeper assembly.
• Provide elasticity and resilience to track in
order to reduce the dynamic stresses.
• Secure vertical and lateral alignment- to
provide medium for correction of track
geometry.
• Be sufficiently permeable to drain off rain
water.
– Grain size distribution with sufficient voids
– Angular stones to retain packing.
1. OPERATIONAL LOADS:
• TAMPING
HAN & SELIG

Excessive settlements- more maintenance

inputs
ALLAN M ZAREMBSKI

Generalization CC+8+2, 25 tonnes axle load

Increase in wheel load- increase Rail
stresses
• Beam on elastic foundation.
• Effect of yieldability- TRACK MODULUS (U).
• Stiffness of tie (sleeper), ballast and
subgrade, but not of rail.
• Rail stresses-
– Vertical load (60%- 70%)
– Eccentricity of Vertical Load
– Eccentricity of lateral loads
– Lateral deflection due to Lateral Loads
• Maximum Bending Moment Mo=P(EI/64U)1/4
Rly Board’s letter No.CT/DG/Research dated:16-10-
2006
42%

120%
• An increase of 30% in U will reduce the
stresses due to vertical load by 10%.
• By Monitoring Fouling levels- timely Deep
screenings- Track Modulus- Rail stresses
can be kept under check.
• Once in 10 years
• Caking results in unsatisfactory riding.
• Clean cushion less than 150/200 mm on
continuous stretch
• Caking up of cushion and loss of resiliency
manifests in excessive rail/weld failure.
• Need for intermediate screening decided
by Chief Engineer.
SC RAILWAY

DEEP
SCREENING
4%- 5%

Track budget
• ORE Report D 182/RP3 mentions of a Large scale
tri-axial tests carried out at the Institute for
Geotechnology of ETH in Zuirch, Switzerland to
determine effect of aging on mechanical properties
of ballast.
• ERRI consider fouling index as the percentage
passing 22.4 mm sieve.
• Material for testing- ballast removed from running
line.
• Material reduced to constituent fractions by
screening and then combined in different
proportions with different degree of fouling
• 27 Large scale tri-axial tests conducted.
• Specimen subjected to 100,000 load reversals to
simulate the realistic traffic conditions.
• Ballast is essentially in tri-axial state of compression
with surrounding ballast giving confining pressure
and moving wheel loads giving deviator stress.
• Confining pressure of 30 Km/m2 and deviator stress
of 180 KN/m2 to 260 KN/m2 was applied.
• Finally the specimen were subjected to tri-axial test
until fracture.
• Important results:
• Density increases with level of fouling- Max at 70%-
tough hard and impenetrable- load on rails and
sleepers.
• New ballast- stiff- elastic manner
• Soiled ballast- stiffness declines- fine particles
causes slipping of grains- with load soiled ballast
dilates- plastic deformations or settlements.
• Energy absorption remains unaltered upto 50 %
fouling.
• Shear strength remain unaltered upto 70% fouling.
• Screening suggested at 30- 40% fouling.
• American Railways:
• F1 = P 4 + P 200
• Where P4 = percent passing the 4.75mm (No. 4)
sieve and
• P200 = percent passing the 0.075 mm (No 200)
sieve.
• South African Railways (Spoornet):
• Fv = (0.4 F19) +(0.3 F6.7) +(0.2 F1.18) +(0.1
F0.15)
• Where
• F19 = (% undersize 19mm sieve)x100/27
• F6.7 = (% undersize 6.7mm sieve)x100/18
• F1.18 = (% undersize 1.18mm sieve)x100/11.5
• F0.15 = (% undersize 0.15mm sieve)x100/5.5
• Cleaning is to be carried out when Fv 80%
• Australian Railways:
• F1P = P 0.075 + P 13.2
• Where P0.075 = percent passing the 0.075mm
sieve and
• P13.2 = percent passing the 13.2 mm sieve.
• RDSO:
• FI = 0.3(P40-50) + (0.3 P20) +(0.3 P10) +(0.4
P4.75)*
• P40, P20, P10 & P4.75 are % passing on 40mm,
20mm, 10 mm & 4.75mm sieve.
• *Underlined factor is to be omitted if it is –ve.
 TO WADI

BELLA GUNTAKA
RY L TO
208.06 253.45 RENIGUNT
A

BLOCK KM/TP BLOCK KM/TP

SECTION
TIM- NKDO Km.434/6-7 SECTION
BLL-GTL Km.250/4-5
TIM- NKDO Km.435/1-2 BLL-GTL Km.249/2-3
BLL-GTL Km.248/2-3 BLL-GTL Km.248/2-3
BLL-GTL Km.249/8-9 TU-KMQA Km.368/6-7
Km.250/9 -
BLL-GTL TU-KMQA Km.369/0-370/0
251/0
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE Wadi- Guntakal (UP) ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/BG/GTL PRESENT CLEAN 200 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS TIM-NKDO PRESENT CAKED 100 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL Red soil LAST DEEP SCREENED 2003-04
ON (7)
HEIGHT OF 1.2 m
BANK
SECTIONAL 110 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 78,77,89,90,91
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 2.80 2.80 18.67 81.33
ANNUAL GMT 36.10
20 5.05 7.85 52.33 47.67
10 1.80 9.65 64.33 35.67
4.75 0.90 10.55 70.33 29.67 CRITERIA
< 4.45 15 100 0 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=46.27 >30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE Bellary- Guntakal ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
(UP)
SECTION SSE/P.Way/BG/BAY PRESENT CLEAN 230mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS BLL-GTL PRESENT CAKED 70 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL Silty sand LAST DEEP SCREENED 2004-05
ON (6)
HEIGHT OF 1.21m
BANK
SECTIONAL 110 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 78,98,87,89,90,
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS 91
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 2.42 2.42 16.13 83.87
ANNUAL GMT 32.00
20 8.22 10.64 70.93 29.07
10 2.01 12.65 84.33 15.67
4.75 0.83 13.48 89.87 10.13 CRITERIA
< 1.52 15 100 0 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=27.63 <30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE Bellary- Guntakal ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
(DN)
SECTION SSE/P.Way/BG/BAY PRESENT CLEAN 300mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS BLL-GTL PRESENT CAKED Nil
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL Silty Sand LAST DEEP SCREENED 2005-06
ON (5)
HEIGHT OF 0.50m
BANK
SECTIONAL 110 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 79,67,88,76,80,
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS 86
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 9.00 9.00 60.00 40.00
ANNUAL GMT 24.14
20 5.65 14.65 97.67 2.33
10 0.27 14.92 99.47 0.53
4.75 0.08 15.00 100.00 0.00 CRITERIA
< 0.00 15.00 100.00 0.00 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=0.86 <30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE Gooty- Guntakal (SL) ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/BG/GY PRESENT CLEAN 200mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS TU- KMQA PRESENT CAKED 100 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL Silty Sand LAST DEEP SCREENED 2006-07
ON (4)
HEIGHT OF 0.65
BANK
SECTIONAL 110 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 78,79,88,85,84
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 2.47 2.47 16.47 83.53
ANNUAL GMT 64.29
20 7.75 10.22 68.13 31.87
10 1.52 11.74 78.27 21.73
4.75 1.06 12.8 85.33 14.67 CRITERIA
< 2.2 15 100 0 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=32.01 >30 >100 >15 >35
 BALLARSHAH KAZIPET VIJAYWA
0.00 112.98 DA
297.12

BLOCK KM/TP BLOCK KM/TP

SECTION
RLT-ASAF 209/22-24(DN) SECTION
BKL-MTMI 527/33-35(UP)
BKL-CKN 510/10-18 (DN) YGL-NKD 397/27-29(UP)
BKL-MTMI 520/22-24 BKL-CKN 510/15-17(UP)
BKL-CKN 507/8-10
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE BPQ-KZJ ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/BPA PRESENT CLEAN 200 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS RLT-ASAF (DN) PRESENT CAKED 100 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL SILTY LAST DEEP SCREENED 2003-04
ON (7)
HEIGHT OF 0.30
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 104,93,101,101,
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS 97
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 17 17 22.37 77.63
ANNUAL GMT 41.3
20 27 44 57.89 42.11
10 3 47 61.84 38.16
4.75 2 49 64.47 35.53 CRITERIA
< 1 50 65.79 34.21 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=46.58 >30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE KZJ-BZA ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/MDR PRESENT CLEAN 200 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS BKL-CKN (DN) PRESENT CAKED 100 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL BC LAST DEEP SCREENED 2004-05
ON (6)
HEIGHT OF 1.50
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 100,53,71,108,
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS 77
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 28 28 36.84 63.16
ANNUAL GMT 45.67
20 16 44 57.89 42.11
10 2.5 46.5 61.18 38.82
4.75 1.25 47.75 62.83 37.17 CRITERIA
< 2.25 50 65.79 34.21 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=43.10 >30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE KZJ-KI ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/MDR PRESENT CLEAN 220 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS BKL-MTMI (DN) PRESENT CAKED 80 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL BC LAST DEEP SCREENED 2005-06
ON (5)
HEIGHT OF 2.50 M
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 18,11,41,76,109
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 16 16 21.05 78.95
ANNUAL GMT 45.67
20 24.1 40.1 52.76 47.24
10 7.85 47.95 63.09 36.91
4.75 1.75 49.7 65.39 34.61 CRITERIA
< 0.3 50 65.79 34.21 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=47.77 >30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE KZJ-KI ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/MDR PRESENT CLEAN 250 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS BKL-CKN (DN) PRESENT CAKED 50 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL BC LAST DEEP SCREENED 2006-07
ON (4)
HEIGHT OF 1.50 M
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 91,73,70,66,85
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 29 29 38.16 61.84
ANNUAL GMT 45.67
20 16 45 59.21 40.79
10 2.5 47.5 62.5 37.5
4.75 1.2 48.7 64.08 35.92 CRITERIA
< 1.3 50 65.79 34.21 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=41.41 >30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE KZJ-KI ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/MDR PRESENT CLEAN 290mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS MDR-MTMI (UP) PRESENT CAKED 10 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL SANDY SILT LAST DEEP SCREENED 2007-08
ON (3)
HEIGHT OF 1.50 M
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 83,80,97,90,86
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 12.75 12.75 16.78 83.22
ANNUAL GMT 42.63
20 32 44.75 58.88 41.12
10 3.85 48.6 63.95 36.05
4.75 1.25 49.85 65.59 34.41 CRITERIA
< 0.15 50 65.79 34.21 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=46.88 >30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE KZJ-KI ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/WL PRESENT CLEAN 230mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS YGL-NKD (UP) PRESENT CAKED 70 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL BC LAST DEEP SCREENED 2007-08
ON (3)
HEIGHT OF 1.00 M
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 47,77,54,83,81
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 19 19 25 75
ANNUAL GMT 34.44
20 26 45 59.21 40.79
10 3 48 63.16 36.84
4.75 1 49 64.47 35.53 CRITERIA
< 0.6 49.6 65.26 34.74 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=45.00 >30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE KZJ-KI ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/MDR PRESENT CLEAN 300mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS BKL-CKN(UP) PRESENT CAKED NIL
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL BC LAST DEEP SCREENED 2008-09
ON (2)
HEIGHT OF 1.50 M
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 75,133,114,111,
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS 1 11
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 27.5 27.5 36.18 63.82
ANNUAL GMT 42.63
20 21.25 48.75 64.14 35.86
10 0 48.75 64.14 35.86
4.75 1 49.75 65.46 34.54 CRITERIA
< 0.25 50 65.79 34.21 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=39.48 >30 >100 >15 >35
 VIJAYWAD KAVA GUDU
A LI R
426.76 224.80 136.04

BLOCK KM/TP BLOCK KM/TP

ONGOLE-
SECTION ULAVAPADU-
SECTION
Km. 295 Km.255
KARVADI
TETU- SKM
ULAVAPADU-
Km. 252 Km.256
ULAVAPADU
TETU- SKM
Km. 242 SVPM-KAVALI Km. 213
ULAVAPADU
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE BZA-GDR ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/OGL PRESENT CLEAN 150 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS ONGOLE- PRESENT CAKED 200 mm
KARVADI(DN) CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL MOORAM LAST DEEP 1999-00(11)
SCREENED ON
HEIGHT OF 1.40
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 96,82,66,75,85
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 2.90 2.90 6.34 93.66
ANNUAL GMT 30.88
20 16.15 19.05 41.64 58.36
10 22.55 41.60 90.93 9.07
4.75 2.90 44.50 97.27 2.73 CRITERIA
< 1.25 45.75 100.00 0.00 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=34.42 >30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE BZA-GDR ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/OGL PRESENT CLEAN 100 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS TETU- PRESENT CAKED 200 mm
ULAVAPADU(DN) CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL MOORAM LAST DEEP 2002-03(8)
SCREENED ON
HEIGHT OF 1.10
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 89,82,86,96,104
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 8.90 8.90 17.32 82.68
ANNUAL GMT 30.88
20 28.30 37.20 72.37 27.63
10 8.85 46.05 89.59 10.41
4.75 3.00 49.05 95.43 4.57 CRITERIA
< 2.35 51.40 100.00 0.00 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=23.04 <30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE BZA-GDR ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/OGL PRESENT CLEAN 250 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS TETU- PRESENT CAKED 100 mm
ULAVAPADU(DN) CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL MOORAM LAST DEEP 2003-04(7)
SCREENED ON
HEIGHT OF 1.30
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 110,111,106,94,
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS 94
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 7.40 7.40 17.45 82.55
ANNUAL GMT 30.88
20 25.00 32.40 76.42 23.58
10 6.80 39.20 92.45 7.55
4.75 1.20 40.40 95.28 4.72 CRITERIA
< 2.00 42.40 100.00 0.00 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=20.99 <30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE BZA-GDR ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/OGL PRESENT CLEAN 180 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS ULAVAPADU- PRESENT CAKED 120 mm
SKM(UP) CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL MOORAM LAST DEEP 2004-05(6)
SCREENED ON
HEIGHT OF 3.50
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 102,114,121,88,
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS 86
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 8.10 8.10 16.65 83.35
ANNUAL GMT 45.32
20 33.05 41.15 84.58 15.42
10 5.20 46.35 95.27 4.73
4.75 0.75 47.10 96.81 3.19 CRITERIA
< 1.55 48.65 100.00 0.00 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=17.33 <30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE BZA-GDR ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/OGL PRESENT CLEAN 250 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS ULAVAPADU- PRESENT CAKED 100 mm
SKM(UP) CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL MOORAM LAST DEEP 2004-05(6)
SCREENED ON
HEIGHT OF 3.50
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 88,102,100,93,8
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS 2
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 6.20 6.20 13.55 86.45
ANNUAL GMT 45.32
20 33.90 40.10 87.65 12.35
10 3.40 43.50 95.08 4.92
4.75 1.40 44.90 98.14 1.86 CRITERIA
< 0.85 45.75 100.00 0.00 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=16.86 <30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE BZA-GDR ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/OGL PRESENT CLEAN 250 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS TETU- PRESENT CAKED 100 mm
ULAVAPADU(UP) CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL MOORAM LAST DEEP 2005-06(5)
SCREENED ON
HEIGHT OF 1.50
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 114,121,119,10
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS 6,102
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 12.15 12.15 28.66 71.34
ANNUAL GMT 45.32
20 23.10 35.25 83.14 16.86
10 5.05 40.30 95.05 4.95
4.75 1.40 41.70 98.35 1.65 CRITERIA
< 0.70 42.40 100.00 0.00 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=13.61 <30 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE BZA-GDR ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/KVZ PRESENT CLEAN 250 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS SVPM-KVZ(DN) PRESENT CAKED 50 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL MOORAM LAST DEEP 2006-07(4)
SCREENED ON
HEIGHT OF 2.47
BANK
SECTIONAL 120 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 76,78,81,76,74
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 22.86 tonnes
40 10.25 10.25 24.26 75.74
ANNUAL GMT 30.88
20 31.00 41.25 97.63 2.37
10 0.75 42.00 99.41 0.59
4.75 0.10 42.10 99.64 0.36 CRITERIA
< 0.15 42.25 100.00 0.00 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=8.75 <30 >100 >15 >35
SECUNDERA MAHABUBNAGA DHON
BAD R E
0.00 112.98 297.12

BLOCK KM/TP
SECTION
FM- BDVL Km.21/3-4
FM- BDVL Km.27/6-7
MBNR- MQN Km. 122/16-17
MBNR- MQN Km.124/3-4
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE SC- DHONE(SL) ORIGINAL CUSHION 250 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/KCG PRESENT CLEAN 100 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS FM-BDVL PRESENT CAKED 150 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL GRANNULAR LAST DEEP SCREENED 2003-04
ON (7)
HEIGHT OF 0.30
BANK
SECTIONAL 100 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 51, 89, 91,72,79
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 20.32tonnes
40 7.5 7.5 18.99 81.01
ANNUAL GMT 19.74
20 21.5 29 73.42 26.58
10 2.5 31.5 79.75 20.25
4.75 1.5 33 83.54 16.46 CRITERIA
< 6.5 39.5 100 0 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=29.94 <35 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE SC- DHONE(SL) ORIGINAL CUSHION 250 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/KCG PRESENT CLEAN 100 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS FM-BDVL PRESENT CAKED 150 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL GRANNULAR LAST DEEP SCREENED 2003-04
ON (7)
HEIGHT OF 0.20
BANK
SECTIONAL 100 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 49, 85, 91,79,61
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 20.32tonnes
40 7.2 7.2 19.1 80.9
ANNUAL GMT 19.74
20 20.3 27.5 72.94 27.06
10 2.8 30.3 80.37 19.63
4.75 1.8 32.1 85.15 14.85 CRITERIA
< 5.6 37.7 100 0 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=29.22 <35 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE SC- DHONE(SL) ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/MBNR PRESENT CLEAN 140 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS MBNR- MQN PRESENT CAKED 160 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL GRANNULAR LAST DEEP 1998-
SCREENED ON 99(12)
HEIGHT OF 0.40
BANK
SECTIONAL 100 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 109,108,110,79,8
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS 9
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 20.32tonnes
40 7 7 9.21 90.79
ANNUAL GMT 15.96
20 44.5 51.5 67.76 32.24
10 13.5 65 85.53 14.47
4.75 5 70 92.11 7.89 CRITERIA
< 6 76 100 0 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=29.41 <35 >100 >15 >35
SECTIONAL DETAILS BALLAST DETAILS
ROUTE SC- DHONE(SL) ORIGINAL CUSHION 300 mm
SECTION SSE/P.Way/MBNR PRESENT CLEAN 150 mm
CUSHION
BETWEEN STNS MBNR- MQN PRESENT CAKED 150 mm
CUSHION
TYPE OF SOIL GRANNULAR LAST DEEP 1998-
SCREENED ON 99(12)
HEIGHT OF 1.10
BANK
SECTIONAL 100 Kmph MAINTENANCE DETAILS
SPEED
TYPE MACHINE
TGI VALUES OF 93,109,105,79,85
SEIVE ANALYSIS LAST 5 RUNS
SEIV WEIGHT CUMM. % AGE % AGE
E RETAIN RETAINE RETAINE PASSIN
TRAFFIC DETAILS
SIZE ED (kg) D (kg) D G
(mm) AXLE LOAD 20.32tonnes
40 17 17 18.68 81.32
ANNUAL GMT 15.96
20 47 64 70.33 29.67
10 11 75 82.42 17.58
4.75 6 81 89.01 10.99 CRITERIA
< 10 91 100 0 SPEED>1 GMT> 30 FI > 30
4.75 20
FOULING INDEX F1=27.97 <35 >100 >15 >35
• The fouling of ballast will mainly depend on axle load carried,
annual GMT of traffic, type of formation and to some extent on
the commodity carried on the route.
• Maximum sectional speed has very little effect on the fouling.
Max. speed of goods train, max. axle load and annual GMT
has more pronounced effect. No definite frequency for Deep
screening can be stipulated.
• Sections with less GMT and stable formations may not require
the screening even after 10 years. However it is
recommended that deep screening in these sections should
be carried out after 10 years or when fouling index of 35 is
reached, whichever is earlier.
• Fouling index of 25 need be stipulated for sections with
annual GMT above 50 as the loss of resiliency will be at faster
pace in these sections which results increase in stresses in
rails and affects the fatigue life of rails.
SUGGEST
ED BY
RDSO

RECOMMENDE
D
• Fouling level not only to be measured but
monitored.
• Frequent Sampling through cores may not be
right strategy for monitoring as it disturbs the
ballast bed.
• There is need for assessment of condition of
ballast through non destructive techniques.
• Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is one
equipment which provides continuous, top-of-
rail measurements of sub-structure layer
conditions
• GPR- transmitting radar pulses into the sub-
structure and measuring return signals that
have reflected off boundaries between sub-
structure layers with different electromagnetic
properties.
• Principle- electromagnetic property of the
layers is the dielectric permittivity, which is a
function of the density, water content and
type of material.