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Dynamics of Rigid Bodies-Lecture 1

This document provides an overview of dynamics and kinematics concepts for a lecture. It defines mechanics, statics, dynamics, and the two branches of dynamics - kinematics and kinetics. Kinematics deals with geometric motion, while kinetics analyzes forces causing motion. Newton's laws of motion are introduced. Key concepts in kinematics are defined, including position, displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration. Important kinematics formulas are listed, such as relating velocity to time and position. Students are assigned to derive these formulas from definitions of instantaneous velocity and acceleration.

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Jaya Mae Mañago
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576 views4 pages

Dynamics of Rigid Bodies-Lecture 1

This document provides an overview of dynamics and kinematics concepts for a lecture. It defines mechanics, statics, dynamics, and the two branches of dynamics - kinematics and kinetics. Kinematics deals with geometric motion, while kinetics analyzes forces causing motion. Newton's laws of motion are introduced. Key concepts in kinematics are defined, including position, displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration. Important kinematics formulas are listed, such as relating velocity to time and position. Students are assigned to derive these formulas from definitions of instantaneous velocity and acceleration.

Uploaded by

Jaya Mae Mañago
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES

LECTURE HANDOUTS
LECTURE # 1

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME:


1. Understand the Course Objectives throughout the semester
2. Understand the course work and activities throughout the semester
3. Understand the basic principles of Dynamics and its relation to engineering
4. Understand the two branches of Dynamics: Kinematics and Kinetics
5. Analyze the motion of a particle

COURSE OBJECTIVE:
 The course aims to develop the student’s specialized engineering knowledge in
engineering mechanics and apply these knowledge in providing solutions to actual
problems which pertains to structural engineering, structural theory and analysis.
It also aims to enhance their analytical skills in solving engineering mechanics
problems and apply them to structural engineering concerns.

INTRODUCTION:
MECHANICS
Mechanics is a branch of the physical sciences that is concerned with the state of
rest or motion of bodies subjected to the action of forces.
STATICS
Statics is concerned with the equilibrium of a body that is either at rest or moves
with constant velocity.
DYNAMICS
Dynamics deals with the accelerated motion of a body.
TWO BRANCHES OF DYNAMICS
KINEMATICS
Kinematics treats only the geometric aspects of the motion.

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KINETICS
Kinetics is the analysis of the forces causing the motion.

MECHANICS
STATICS
KINEMATICS
DYNAMICS
KINETICS

NEWTON’S LAW OF MOTION


INTRODUCTION
Newton’s Law of Motion are the three physical laws that, together, laid the
foundation for classical mechanics. They describe the relationship between a body and
the forces acting upon it, and its motion in response to those forces.
NETWON’S FIRST LAW OF MOTION
“An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in
motion with the same speed and in the same direction.”
NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTION (FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF
DYNAMICS)
“The rate change of linear momentum of an object is directly proportional to the
external force on the object.”
NEWTON’S THIRD LAW OF MOTION
“For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.”

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KINEMATICS
RECTILINEAR KINEMATICS: CONTINUOUS MOTION
The kinematics of a particle is characterized by specifying, at any given
instant, the particle ' s position, velocity, and acceleration.

IMPORTANT TERMS TO REMEMBER:


POSITION, s (SCALAR QUANTITY)
The magnitude of s is the distance from 0 to the particle, usually measured in
meters (m) or feet (ft), and the sense of direction is defined by the algebraic sign on s.
DISPLACEMENT, ∆s (VECTOR QUANTITY)
The displacement of the particle is defined as the change in its position.
SPEED, vs
The magnitude of the velocity.
AVERAGE SPEED, vsave
The average speed is always a positive scalar and is defined as the total
distance traveled by a particle, st, divided by the elapsed time ∆t.
VELOCITY, v
If the particle moves through a displacement during the time interval, the average
velocity of the particle during this time interval is:
∆𝑠
𝑣𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 =
∆𝑡
INSTANTANEOUS VELOCITY
is a vector defined as:
∆𝑠
𝑣 = lim
∆𝑡→0 ∆𝑡

𝑑𝑠
𝑣=
𝑑𝑡

ACCELERATION, a
If the particle’s velocity during the time interval, the average acceleration of the
particle during this time interval is:

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∆𝑣
𝑎𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 =
∆𝑡
INSTANTANEOUS ACCELERATION
is vector defined.
∆𝑣
𝑎 = lim
∆𝑡→0 ∆𝑡

𝑑𝑣
𝑎=
𝑑𝑡
IMPORTANT FORMULA TO REMEMBER
VELOCITY AS A FUNCTION OF TIME
𝑣 = 𝑣𝑜 + 𝑎𝑡
POSITION AS A FUNCTION OF TIME
1
∆𝑠 = 𝑣𝑜 𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
VELOCITY AS A FUNCTION OF POSITION
𝑣 2 = 𝑣𝑜 2 + 2𝑎∆𝑠

BUT HOW DOES THESE FORMULAS CAME TO BE?

--------------------------------- NOTHING FOLLOWS ---------------------------------

ASSIGNMENT NO. # 1
Try to derive the ”important formulas to remember” from the instantaneous
velocity and acceleration.

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