Mark Scheme (Results)

Summer 2018

Pearson Edexcel GCE A Level Mathematics

Pure Mathematics Paper 2 (9MA0/02)
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Summer 2018

Publications Code 9MA0_02_1806_MS

All the material in this publication is copyright

© Pearson Education Ltd 2018
 General Marking Guidance

 All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the
last candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the first.
 Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for
what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
 Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their
perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
 All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners
should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the
mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the
candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
 Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles
by which marks will be awarded and exemplification/indicative content will
not be exhaustive.
 When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme
to a candidate’s response, a senior examiner must be consulted before a mark
is awarded.
 Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it
with an alternative response.
 PEARSON EDEXCEL GCE MATHEMATICS

General Instructions for Marking

1. The total number of marks for the paper is 100.

2. These mark schemes use the following types of marks:

 M marks: Method marks are awarded for ‘knowing a method and attempting to apply it’,
unless otherwise indicated.
 A marks: Accuracy marks can only be awarded if the relevant method (M) marks have
been earned.
 B marks are unconditional accuracy marks (independent of M marks)
 Marks should not be subdivided.

3. Abbreviations

These are some of the traditional marking abbreviations that will appear in the mark
schemes.

 bod – benefit of doubt

 ft – follow through
 the symbol will be used for correct ft
 cao – correct answer only
 cso - correct solution only. There must be no errors in this part of the question to
obtain this mark
 isw – ignore subsequent working
 awrt – answers which round to
 SC: special case
 o.e. – or equivalent (and appropriate)
 d or dep – dependent
 indep – independent
 dp decimal places
 sf significant figures
  The answer is printed on the paper or ag- answer given

4. All M marks are follow through.

A marks are ‘correct answer only’ (cao), unless shown, for example, as A1 ft to
indicate that previous wrong working is to be followed through. After a misread,
however, the subsequent A marks affected are treated as A ft, but answers that don’t
logically make sense e.g. if an answer given for a probability is >1 or <0, should never
be awarded A marks.
5. For misreading which does not alter the character of a question or materially simplify it,
deduct two from any A or B marks gained, in that part of the question affected.

6. Where a candidate has made multiple responses and indicates which response they wish
to submit, examiners should mark this response.

If there are several attempts at a question which have not been crossed out, examiners
should mark the final answer which is the answer that is the most complete.

7. Ignore wrong working or incorrect statements following a correct answer.

8. Mark schemes will firstly show the solution judged to be the most common response
expected from candidates. Where appropriate, alternative answers are provided in the
notes. If examiners are not sure if an answer is acceptable, they will check the mark
scheme to see if an alternative answer is given for the method used. If no such
alternative answer is provided but the response is deemed to be valid, examiners must
escalate the response for a senior examiner to review.
 General Principles for Pure Mathematics Marking
(But note that specific mark schemes may sometimes override these general principles)

Method mark for solving 3 term quadratic:

1. Factorisation

( x2  bx  c)  ( x  p)( x  q), where pq  c , leading to x  ...

(ax2  bx  c)  (mx  p)(nx  q), where pq  c and mn  a , leading to x  ...

2. Formula
Attempt to use the correct formula (with values for a, b and c)
3. Completing the square
2
 b
Solving x  bx  c  0 :  x    q  c  0, q  0 , leading to x  ...
2

 2
Method marks for differentiation and integration:
1. Differentiation
n1
Power of at least one term decreased by 1. ( x  x
n
)
2. Integration
n1
Power of at least one term increased by 1. ( x  x
n
)

Use of a formula
Where a method involves using a formula that has been learnt, the advice
given in recent examiners’ reports is that the formula should be quoted
first.
Normal marking procedure is as follows:
Method mark for quoting a correct formula and attempting to use it, even if
there are small errors in the substitution of values.
Where the formula is not quoted, the method mark can be gained by
implication from correct working with values but may be lost if there is any
mistake in the working.

Exact answers
Examiners’ reports have emphasised that where, for example, an exact
answer is asked for, or working with surds is clearly required, marks will
normally be lost if the candidate resorts to using rounded decimals.
Answers without working

The rubric says that these may not gain full credit. Individual mark schemes will
give details of what happens in particular cases. General policy is that if it could
be done “in your head”, detailed working would not be required. Most candidates
do show working, but there are occasional awkward cases and if the mark
scheme does not cover this, please contact your team leader for advice.
Question Scheme Marks AOs
2x  5
1 g( x)  , x5
x 3
2(5)  5 2("7.5")  5
(a) g(5)   7.5  gg(5)  M1 1.1b
53 "7.5" 3
Way 1 40  4  
gg(5)   or 4 or 4.4  A1 1.1b
9  9 
(2)
 2x  5   2(5)  5 
2 5 5
x  3 
2
(a) gg( x)    gg(5)   (5)  3 
M1 1.1b
Way 2  2x  5   2(5)  5 
 x3 3  (5)  3   3
   
40  4 
gg(5)   or 4 or 4.4  A1 1.1b
9  9 
(2)
(b) 15
{Range:} 2  y  B1 1.1b
2
(1)
(c) 2x  5
y  yx  3 y  2 x  5  yx  2 x  3 y  5 M1 1.1b
Way 1 x 3
3y  5  3x  5 
x( y  2)  3 y  5  x  or y 
y2  x2 
M1 2.1
 
3x  5 15
g 1 ( x)  , 2 x A1ft 2.5
x2 2
(3)
(c) 2 x  6  11 11 11
y  y2  y2  M1 1.1b
Way 2 x 3 x 3 x 3
11 11  11 
x 3   x  3 or y   3 M1 2.1
y2 y2  x  2 
11 15
g 1 ( x)  3, 2 x A1ft 2.5
x2 2
(3)
(6 marks)
Notes for Question 1
(a)
M1: Full method of attempting g(5) and substituting the result into g
 2x  5 
2 5
 x  3  9x  5
Note: Way 2: Attempts to substitute x  5 into , o.e. Note that gg( x) 
 2x  5  14  x
 x3 3
 

40 4
A1: Obtains or 4 or 4.4 or an exact equivalent
9 9
40 4 
Note: Give A0 for 4.4 or 4.444... without reference to or 4 or 4.4
9 9
 Notes for Question 1 Continued
(b)
15 15 15  15 
B1: States 2  y  Accept any of 2  g  , 2  g( x)  ,  2, 
2 2 2  2
15
Note: Accept g( x)  2 and g( x)  o.e.
2
(c)
Way 1
M1: Correct method of cross multiplication followed by an attempt to collect terms in x or
terms in a swapped y
M1: A complete method (i.e. as above and also factorising and dividing) to find the inverse
A1ft: Uses correct notation to correctly define the inverse function g 1 , where the domain of
g 1 stated correctly or correctly followed through (using correct notation) on the values shown in
their range in part (b). Allow g 1 : x  . Condone g 1  ... Do not accept y  ...
15  15 
Note: Correct notation is required when stating the domain of g 1 ( x) . Allow 2  x  or  2, 
2  2
15 15
Do not allow any of e.g. 2  g  , 2  g 1 ( x) 
2 2
Note: Do not allow A1ft for following through their range in (b) to give a domain for g 1 as x 
(c)
Way 2
2x  5 k
M1: Writes y  in the form y  2  , k  0 and rearranges to isolate y and 2 on one side
x3 x 3
of their equation. Note: Allow the equivalent method with x swapped with y
M1: A complete method to find the inverse
A1ft: As in Way 1
Note: If a candidate scores no marks in part (c), but
 states the domain of g 1 correctly, or
 states a domain of g 1 which is correctly followed through on the values shown in their
range in part (b)
then give special case (SC) M1 M0 A0
Question Scheme Marks AOs
OA  2i  3j  4k , OB  4i  2 j  3k , OC  ai  5j  2k , a  0
2
AB  BD , AB  4
(a) E.g. OD  OB  BD  OB  AB
or OD  OB  BD  OB  AB  OB  OB  OA  2OB  OA
or OD  OB  BD  OB  AB  OA  AB  AB  OA  2 AB
 4   4   2   4  2 
           
   2    2   3     2   5
 3   3    4   3  7 
           
M1 3.1a
 2  4   2   2  2 
    
or   3   2    2 
 
  3
   
   3  2 5 
 4  3   4   4  7 
           
 6
 
   7  or 6i  7 j  10 k A1 1.1b
 10 
 
(2)
(b) (a  2)2  (5  3)2  (2  4)2 M1 1.1b

 AC  4   (a  2) 2
 (5  3)2  (2   4)2  (4)2
dM1 2.1
 (a  2)  8  a  ... or
2
 a  4a  4  0  a  ...
2

(as a  0  ) a  2  2 2 (or a  2  8 ) A1 1.1b

(3)
(5 marks)
Notes for Question 2
(a)
M1: Complete applied strategy to find a vector expression for OD
A1: See scheme
Note: Give M0 for subtracting the wrong way wrong to give e.g.
(4i  2 j  3k )  (2i  3j  4k)  (4i  2 j  3k )  (4i  2 j  3k)  (2i  5j  7k)  (2i  3j  4k)
Note: Writing e.g. OD  OB  AB or OD  2OB  OA with no other work is M0
Note: Finding coordinates, i.e. (6,  7, 10) without reference to the correct position vectors is A0
Note: Allow M1A1 for writing down 6i  7 j  10 k with no working
Note: M1 can be implied for at least two correct components in their position vector of D
(b)
M1: Finds the difference between OA and OC , then squares and adds each of the 3 components
Note: Ignore labelling
dM1: Complete method of correctly applying Pythagoras’ Theorem on AC  4 and using a correct
method of solving their resulting quadratic equation to find at least one of a  ...
Note: Condone at least one of either awrt 4.8 or awrt  0.83 for the dM mark
A1: Obtains only one exact value, a  2  2 2
Note: Writing a  2  2 2 , without evidence of rejecting a  2  2 2 is A0
4  32
Note: Allow exact alternatives such as 2  8 or for A1, and isw can be applied
2
Note: Writing a   0.828..., without reference to a correct exact value is A0
Question Scheme Marks AOs
Statement: “If m and n are irrational numbers, where m  n,
3
then mn is also irrational.”
(a) E.g. m  3 , n  12 M1 1.1b
mn    3  
12  6
A1 2.4
 statement untrue or 6 is not irrational or 6 is rational
(2)
(b)(i),
(ii) Way 1 y
V shaped graph {reasonably}
symmetrical about the y-axis
with vertical interpret B1 1.1b
(0, 3) or 3 stated or marked
on the positive y-axis

Superimposes the
graph of y  x  3 on top M1 3.1a
of the graph of y  x  3
O x

the graph of y  x  3 is either the same or above the graph of

y  x  3 {for corresponding values of x}
A1 2.4
or when x  0, both graphs are equal (or the same)
when x  0, the graph of y  x  3 is above the graph of y  x  3
(3)
(b)(ii) Reason 1
Way 2 When x  0, x  3  x  3 Any one of Reason 1 or Reason 2 M1 3.1a
Reason 2
When x  0, x  3  x  3 Both Reason 1 and Reason 2 A1 2.4
(5 marks)
Notes for Question 3
(a)
M1: States or uses any pair of different numbers that will disprove the statement.
1 4
E.g. 3 , 12 ; 2 , 8 ; 5 ,  5 ; , 2 ; 3e, ;
 5e
A1: Uses correct reasoning to disprove the given statement, with a correct conclusion
 4  12
Note: Writing  3e      untrue is sufficient for M1A1
 5e  5
(b)(i)
B1: See scheme
(b)(ii)
M1: For constructing a method of comparing x  3 with x  3 . See scheme.
A1: Explains fully why x  3  x  3 . See scheme.
Note: Do not allow either x  0, x  3  x  3 or x  0, x  3  x  3 as a valid reason
Note x  0 (or where necessary x   3) need to be considered in their solutions for A1
Note: Do not allow an incorrect statement such as x  0, x  3  x  3 for A1
 Notes for Question 3 Continued
(b)(ii)
Note: Allow M1A1 for x  0, x  3  x  3 and for x  0, x  3  x  3
Note: Allow M1 for any of
 x is positive, x  3  x  3
 x is negative, x  3  x  3
 x  0, x  3  x  3
 x  0, x  3  x  3
 x  0, x  3 and x  3 are equal
 x  0, x  3 and x  3 are equal
 when x  0, both graphs are equal
 for positive values x  3 and x  3 are the same
Condone for M1
 x  0, x  3  x  3
 x  0, x  3  x  3
(b)(ii)  For x  0, x  3  x  3
Way 3  For  3  x  0, as x  3  3 and {0  } x  3  3, M1 3.1a
then x  3  x  3
 For x   3, as x  3   x  3 and x  3   x  3, A1 2.4
then x  3  x  3
Question Scheme Marks AOs

3  5r  2   131 798 ;

16
1 2
4 (i) r
(ii) u1 , u2 , u3 , ..., : un1  , u1 
r 1
un 3
 
  
16 16 16
 
(i)
Way 1
  3  5r  2 r
  
 3  5r    2r  M1 3.1a

 r 1 
 r 1 r 1

16 2(216  1) M1 1.1b
 (2(8)  15(5)) 
2 2 1 M1 1.1b
 728  131070  131798 * A1* 2.1
(4)
 
  3    5r     2 
16 16 16 16

(i)
Way 2
 3  5r  2r    r
M1 3.1a
 r 1
 
 r 1 r 1 r 1

16 2(216  1) M1 1.1b
 (3  16)  (2(5)  15(5)) 
2 2 1 M1 1.1b
 48  680  131070  131798 * A1* 2.1
(4)
M1 3.1a
(i) Sum  10  17  26  39  60  97  166  299  560  1077  2106 M1 1.1b
Way 3  4159  8260  16457  32846  65619  131 798 * M1 1.1b
A1* 2.1
(4)
 2 3 2
(ii) u1   , u2  , u3  , ... (can be implied by later working) M1 1.1b
 3 2 3
 

100
  2  3  2 3
 ur   50    50   or 50    M1 2.2a

 r  1 
 3  2  3 2
325  1  1300 650 
  or 108 or 108.3 or or  A1 1.1b
3  3 12 6 
(3)
(7 marks)
 Notes for Question 4
(i)

3  5r  2  to be found
16
r
M1: Uses a correct methodical strategy to enable the given sum,
r 1

Allow M1 for any of the following:

 expressing the given sum as either
16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16

3  5r    2r  ,
r 1 r 1

r 1
3 5r    2r 
r 1 r 1
or 
r 1
3  5  2 
r 1
r
r 1
r

 3  5r  and   2  separately
16 16

 attempting to find both r

r 1 r 1

 5r  and   2  separately

16 16

 (3 16) and attempting to find both r

r 1 r 1

M1: Way 1: Correct method for finding the sum of an AP with a  8, d  5, n  16

Way 2: (3 16) and a correct method for finding the sum of an AP
M1: Correct method for finding the sum of a GP with a  2, r  2, n  16
A1*: For all steps fully shown (with correct formulae used) leading to 131798
16

3  5r  as
16
Note: Way 1: Give 2nd M1 for writing (8  83)
r 1
2
16 16

3  5r  as 48  2 (5  80) or 48  680

nd 16
Note: Way 2: Give 2 M1 for writing
r 1 r 1

2(1  216 )
16

Note: Give 3rd M1 for writing r 1

 2r  as 1 2
or 2(216  1) or (217  2)

(i)
Way 3
M1: At least 6 correct terms and 16 terms shown
M1: At least 10 correct terms (may not be 16 terms)
M1: At least 15 correct terms (may not be 16 terms)
A1*: All 16 terms correct and an indication that the sum is 131798
(ii)
3 2
M1: For some indication that the next two terms of this sequence are ,
2 3
2 3 2 3
M1: For deducing that the sum can be found by applying 50    50   or 50    , o.e.
3 2 3 2

325 1
A1: Obtains or 108 or 108.3 or an exact equivalent
3 3
3 2
Note: Allow 1st M1 for u2  (or equivalent) and u3  (or equivalent)
2 3
2 3 2
Note: Allow 1st M1 for the first 3 terms written as , , ,...
3 2 3
3 2
Note: Allow 1st M1 for the 2nd and 3rd terms written as , ,... in the correct order
2 3
2
Note: Condone written as 0.66 or awrt 0.67 for the 1st M1 mark
3

325 1
Note: Give A0 for 108.3 or 108.333... without reference to or 108 or 108.3
3 3
Question Scheme Marks AOs

5 The equation 2 x3  x2  1 0 has exactly one real root

(a) f ( x)  2x 3
 x 2  1  f ( x)  6 x 2  2 x B1 1.1b
  2 xn3  xn 2  1
x  x
f ( xn )
 xn 1  xn  f ( x )   M1 1.1b
 n 
n 1 n
6 xn 2  2 xn
xn (6 xn 2  2 xn )  (2 xn 3  xn 2  1) 4 xn 3  xn 2  1
  xn 1  * A1* 2.1
6 xn 2  2 xn 6 xn 2  2 xn
(3)
4(1)3  (1)2  1 2(1)3  (1) 2  1
(b) x1
1  x2 
6(1)2  2(1)
or x2
 1 
6(1)2  2(1)
M1 1.1b
3 2
 x2  , x3  A1 1.1b
4 3
(2)
(c) Accept any reasons why the Newton-Raphson method cannot be used
with x1  0 which refer or allude to either the stationary point or the
tangent. E.g.
 There is a stationary point at x  0 B1 2.3
 Tangent to the curve (or y  2 x3  x2  1) would not meet the x-axis
 Tangent to the curve (or y  2 x3  x2  1) is horizontal
(1)
(6 marks)
Notes for Question 5
(a)
dy
B1: States that f ( x)  6 x2  2 x or states that f ( xn )  6 xn 2  2 xn (Condone  6 x2  2 x )
dx
f ( xn )
M1: Substitutes f ( xn )  2 xn3  xn 2  1 and their f ( xn ) into xn 1  xn 
f ( xn )
A1*: A correct intermediate step of making a common denominator which leads to the given answer
f ( xn )
Note: Allow B1 if f ( x)  6 x2  2 x is applied as f ( xn ) (or f ( x)) in the NR formula  xn 1  xn 
f ( xn )
Note: Allow M1A1 for
2 x3  x 2  1 x(6 x 2  2 x)  (2 x3  x 2  1) 4 xn3  xn 2  1
 xn 1  x    xn 1 
6x2  2x 6x2  2x 6 xn 2  2 xn
2 x3  x 2  1
Note Condone x  x  for M1
"6 x 2  2 x "
2 xn3  xn 2  1 2 x3  x 2  1
Note Condone xn  or x  (i.e. no xn 1  ... ) for M1
"6 xn  2 xn "
2
"6 x 2  2 x "
f ( xn ) 2 xn3  xn 2  1
Note: Give M0 for xn 1  xn  followed by xn 1  2 xn  xn  1 
3 2

f ( xn ) 6 xn 2  2 xn
Note: Correct notation, i.e. xn1 and xn must be seen in their final answer for A1*
 Notes for Question 5 Continued
(b)
4(1)3  (1)2  1
M1: An attempt to use the given or their formula once. Can be implied by or 0.75 o.e.
6(1)2  2(1)
Note: Allow one slip in substituting x1  1
3 2
A1: x2  and x3 
4 3
3
Note: Condone x2  and x3  awrt 0.667 for A1
4
3 2
Note: Condone , listed in a correct order ignoring subscripts
4 3
(c)
B1: See scheme
Note: Give B0 for the following isolated reasons: e.g.
 You cannot divide by 0
 The fraction (or the NR formula) is undefined at x  0
 At x  0, f ( x1 )  0
 x1 cannot be 0
 6 x2  2 x cannot be 0
 the denominator is 0 which cannot happen
 if x1  0, 6 x2  2 x  0
Question Scheme Marks AOs
6 (a) f ( x)   3x3  8x2  9 x  10, x
(a) (i) {f (2)   24  32  18  10  } f (2)  0 B1 1.1b
M1 2.2a
(ii) {f ( x)  } ( x  2)(3x2  2 x  5) or (2  x)(3x2  2 x  5)
A1 1.1b
(3)
(b) 3 y 6  8 y 4  9 y 2  10  0  ( y 2  2)(3 y 4  2 y 2  5)  0
Gives a partial explanation by
 explaining that 3 y 4  2 y 2  5  0 has no {real} solutions with a
M1 2.4
reason, e.g. b2  4ac  (2)2  4(3)(5)   56  0
 or stating that y 2  2 has 2 {real} solutions or y   2 {only}
Complete proof that the given equation has exactly two {real} solutions A1 2.1
(2)
(c) 3tan   8tan   9tan   10  0; 7    10
3 2

{Deduces that} there are 3 solutions B1 2.2a

(1)
(6 marks)
Notes for Question 6
(a)(i)
B1: f (2)  0 or 0 stated by itself in part (a)(i)
(a)(ii)
M1: Deduces that ( x  2) or (2  x) is a factor and attempts to find the other quadratic factor by
 using long division to obtain either  3x2  kx  ..., k  value  0 or
 3x2   x   ,   value  0,  can be 0
 factorising to obtain their quadratic factor in the form ( 3x2  k x  c), k  value  0,
c can be 0, or in the form ( 3x2   x   ),   value  0,  can be 0
A1: ( x  2)(3x2  2 x  5), (2  x)(3x2  2 x  5) or  ( x  2)(3x2  2 x  5) stated together as a product
(b)
M1: See scheme
A1: See scheme. Proof must be correct with no errors, e.g. giving an incorrect discriminant value
Note: Correct calculation e.g. (2)2  4(3)(5), 4  60 or  56 must be given for the first explanation
Note: Note that M1 can be allowed for
 a correct follow through calculation for the discriminant of their “ 3 y 4  2 y 2  5 ”
which would lead to a value  0 together with an explanation that 3 y 4  2 y 2  5  0 has
no {real} solutions
 or for the omission of  0
Note:  0 must also been stated in a discriminant method for A1
Do not allow A1 for incorrect working, e.g. (2)  4(3)(5)   54  0
2
Note:
Note: y 2  2  y   2, so 2 solutions is not allowed for A1, but can be condoned for M1
Using the formula on 3 y  2 y  5  0 or  3x  2 x  5  0
4 2 2
Note:
 2   56 1  14
gives y 2 or x  or
6 3
 Notes for Question 6 Continued
Note: Completing the square on  3x2  2 x  5  0
14
2
2 5  1 1 5 1
gives x  x   0  x     0  x  
2

3 3  3 9 3 3 9
Note: Do not recover work for part (b) in part (c)
(c)
B1: See scheme
Note: Give B0 for stating   awrt 23.1, awrt 26.2, awrt 29.4 without reference to 3 solutions
Question Scheme Marks AOs

7 ; (ii) 5sin   5cos  2, 0    360
(i) 4sin x  sec x , 0  x 
2
(i) 1
For sec x  B1 1.2
Way 1 cos x
1
4sin x  sec x  4sin x cos x  1  2sin 2 x  1  sin 2 x  M1 3.1a
2
1 1 1  1   5 dM1 1.1b
x  arcsin   or    arcsin     x  ,
2 2 2  2  12 12 A1 1.1b
(4)
(i) 1
For sec x  B1 1.2
Way 2 cos x
4sin x  sec x  4sin x cos x  1  16sin 2 x cos 2 x  1

16sin 2 x(1  sin 2 x)  1 16(1  cos2 x)cos2 x  1

M1 3.1a
16sin 4 x  16sin 2 x  1  0 16cos4 x  16cos2 x  1  0
16  192 
 2 3 

sin 2 x or cos 2 x   or 0.933..., 0.066... 
32 
 4 

 2 3   2 3   5 dM1 1.1b
x  arcsin   or x  arccos   x ,
 4   4  12 12 A1 1.1b
   
(4)
(ii) Complete strategy, i.e.
 Expresses 5sin   5cos  2 in the form R sin(   )  2,
finds both R and  , and proceeds to sin(   )  k , k  1, k  0
M1 3.1a
 Applies (5sin   5cos )2  22 , followed by applying both
cos2   sin 2   1 and sin 2  2sin  cos to proceed to
sin 2  k , k  1, k  0
(5sin   5cos )2  22 
R  50
25sin 2   25cos2   50sin cos  4 M1 1.1b
tan   1    45
 25  25sin 2  4
2 21
sin(  45)  sin 2  A1 1.1b
50 25
dependent on the first M mark
 2  1  21   dM1 1.1b
e.g.   arcsin    45 e.g.    arcsin  
 50  2  25  
  awrt 61.4, awrt 208.6 A1 2.1
Note: Working in radians does not affect any of the first 4 marks
(5)
(9 marks)
Question Scheme Marks AOs

7 (ii) 5sin   5cos  2, 0    360

(ii) Complete strategy, i.e.
Alt 1  Attempts to apply (5sin  )2  (2  5cos )2 or
(5sin   2)2  (5cos )2 followed by applying cos   sin   1
2 2
M1 3.1a
and solving a quadratic equation in either sin  or cos to give
at least one of sin   k or cos  k , k  1, k  0
e.g. 25sin 2   4  20cos  25cos2 
 25(1  cos2  )  4  20cos  25cos2 
M1 1.1b
or e.g. 25sin 2   20sin   4  25cos2 
 25sin 2   20sin   4  25(1  sin 2  )
50cos2   20cos  21  0 50sin 2   20sin   21  0
 20  4600 20  4600
cos  , o.e. sin   , o.e. A1 1.1b
100 100
dependent on the first M mark
  2  46   2  46  dM1 1.1b
e.g.   arccos   e.g.   arcsin 
 10   10 
   
  awrt 61.4, awrt 208.6 A1 2.1
(5)
Notes for Question 7
(i)
1
B1: For recalling that sec x 
cos x
M1: Correct strategy of
 Way 1: applying sin 2 x  2sin x cos x and proceeding to sin 2 x  k , k  1, k  0
Way 2: squaring both sides, applying cos x  sin x  1 and solving a quadratic equation
2 2

in either sin 2 x or cos2 x to give sin 2 x  k or cos2 x  k , k  1, k  0
dM1: Uses the correct order of operations to find at least one value for x in either radians or degrees
 5 
A1: Clear reasoning to achieve both x  , and no other values in the range 0  x 
12 12 2
1  5
Note: Give dM1 for sin 2 x   any of , , 15 , 75 , awrt 0.26 or awrt 1.3
2 12 12
 5
Note: Give special case, SC B1M0M0A0 for writing down any of , , 15 or 75 with no working
12 12
 Notes for Question 7 Continued
(ii)
M1: See scheme
Note: Alternative strategy: Expresses 5sin   5cos  2 in the form R cos(   )   2,
finds both R and  , and proceeds to cos(   )  k , k  1, k  0
M1: Either
 uses R sin(   ) to find the values of both R and 
 attempts to apply (5sin   5cos )2  22 , uses cos  sin 2   1 and proceeds to find an
2

equation of the form    sin 2    or   sin 2    ;   0

 attempts to apply (5sin  )2  (2  5cos )2 or (5sin   2)2  (5cos )2 and
uses cos
2
  sin   1 to form an equation in
2
cos only or sin  only
2 2 21
A1: For sin(  45)  , o.e. , cos(  45)   , o.e. or sin 2  , o.e.
50 50 25
 20  4600
or cos  , o.e. or cos  awrt 0.48, awrt  0.88
100
20  4600
or sin   , o.e. , or sin   awrt 0.88, awrt  0.48
100
Note: sin(  45), cos(  45), sin 2 must be made the subject for A1
dM1: dependent on the first M mark
Uses the correct order of operations to find at least one value for x in either degrees or radians
 2  1  21  
Note: dM1 can also be given for   180 arcsin    45 or   2 180 arcsin  25  
 50    
A1: Clear reasoning to achieve both   awrt 61.4, awrt 208.6 and no other values in
the range 0    360
Note: Give M0M0A0M0A0 for writing down any of   awrt 61.4, awrt 208.6 with no working
Note: Alternative solutions: (to be marked in the same way as Alt 1):
 5sin   5cos  2  5tan   5  2sec  (5tan   5) 2  (2sec ) 2
 25tan 2   50tan   25  4sec2   25tan 2   50tan   25  4(1  tan 2  )
50  736 25  2 46
 21tan 2   50 tan   21  0  tan     1.8364..., 0.5445...
42 21
   awrt 61.4, awrt 208.6 only
 5sin   5cos  2  5  5cot   2cosec  (5  5cot  ) 2  (2cosec ) 2
 25  50cot   25cot 2   4cosec2  25  50cot   25cot 2   4(1  cot 2 )
50  736 25  2 46
 21cot 2   50cot   21  0  cot     1.8364..., 0.5445...
42 21
   awrt 61.4, awrt 208.6 only
Question Scheme Marks AOs

8 (a) H  Ax(40  x) {or H  Ax( x  40) } M1 3.3

Way 1 3
x  20, H  12  12  A(20)(40  20)  A  dM1 3.1b
100
3 3
H x(40  x) or H   x( x  40) A1 1.1b
100 100
(3)
(a) H  12   ( x  20)2 {or H  12   ( x  20)2 } M1 3.3
Way 2 3
x  40, H  0  0  12   (40  20)2    dM1 3.1b
100
3
H  12  ( x  20)2 A1 1.1b
100
(3)
(a) H  ax  bx  c (or deduces H  ax  bx )
2 2

Way 3
Both x  0, H  0  0  0  0  c  c  0
and either x  40, H  0  0  1600a  40b
M1 3.3
or x  20, H  12  12  400a  20b
b
or  20 { b   40a }
2a
b   40a  12  400a  20( 40a)  a   0.03
dM1 3.1b
so b   40( 0.03)  1.2
H   0.03x2  1.2 x A1 1.1b
(3)
(b) 3
{H  3 } 3  x(40  x)  x 2  40 x  100  0
100
M1 3.4
3
or {H  3 } 3  12  ( x  20)2  ( x  20)2  300
100
40  1600  4(1)(100)
e.g. x  or x  20  300 dM1 1.1b
2(1)

chooses 20  
300  greatest distance  awrt 37.3 m A1 3.2a
(3)
(c) Gives a limitation of the model. Accept e.g.
 the ground is horizontal
 the ball needs to be kicked from the ground
 the ball is modelled as a particle
 the horizontal bar needs to be modelled as a line B1 3.5b
 there is no wind or air resistance on the ball
 there is no spin on the ball
 no obstacles in the trajectory (or path) of the ball
 the trajectory of the ball is a perfect parabola
(1)
(7 marks)
 Notes for Question 8
(a)
M1: Translates the situation given into a suitable equation for the model. E.g.
Way 1: {Uses (0, 0) and (40, 0) to write} H  Ax(40  x) o.e. {or H  Ax( x  40) }
Way 2: {Uses (20, 12) to write} H  12   ( x  20)2 or H  12   ( x  20)2
Way 3: Writes H  ax2  bx  c , and uses (0, 0) to deduce c  0 and an attempt at using either
(40, 0) or (20, 12)
Special Case: Allow SC M1dM0A0 for not deducing c  0 but attempting to apply both (40, 0)
and (20, 12)
dM1: Applies a complete strategy with appropriate constraints to find all constants in their model.
Way 1: Uses (20, 12) on their model and finds A  ...
Way 2: Uses either (40, 0) or (0, 0) on their model to find   ...
Way 3: Uses (40, 0) and (20, 12) on their model to find a  ... and b  ...
A1: Finds a correct equation linking H to x
3 3
E.g. H  x(40  x), H  12  ( x  20)2 or H   0.03x2  1.2 x
100 100
Note: Condone writing y in place of H for the M1 and dM1 marks.
Note: Give final A0 for y   0.03x2  1.2 x
Note: Give special case M1dM0A0 for writing down any of H  12  ( x  20)2 or H  x(40  x)
or H  x( x  40)
Note: Give M1 dM1 for finding 0.03 x2  1.2 x or a   0.03, b  1.2, c  0 in an implied
ax2  bx or ax2  bx  c (with no indication of H  ...)
(b)
M1: Substitutes H  3 into their quadratic equation and proceeds to obtain a 3TQ
or a quadratic in the form ( x   )2   ;  ,   0
Note: E.g. 1.2 x  0.03x2  3 or 40 x  x2  100 are acceptable for the 1st M mark
Note: Give M0 dM0 A0 for (their A) x2  3  x  ... or their (their A) x2  (their k )  3  x  ...
dM1: Correct method of solving their quadratic equation to give at least one solution
A1: Interprets their solution in the original context by selecting the larger correct value and states
 
correct units for their value. E.g. Accept awrt 37.3 m or 20  300 m or 20  10 3 m  
Note: Condone the use of inequalities for the method marks in part (b)
(c):
B1: See scheme
Note: Give no credit for the following reasons
 H (or the height of ball) is negative when x  40
 Bounce of the ball should be considered after hitting the ground
 Model will not be true for a different rugby ball
 Ball may not be kicked in the same way each time
Question Scheme Marks AOs
d sin h cos h  1
9  cos    sin  ; as h  0,  1 and 0
d h h
cos(  h)  cos
B1 2.1
h
cos cos h  sin  sin h  cos M1 1.1b

h A1 1.1b
sin h  cos h  1 
 sin     cos
h  h 
  
As h  0,
sin h cos h 1
 sin     cos   1sin   0cos dM1 2.1
h  h 
d
so  cos    sin  * A1* 2.5
d
(5)
(5 marks)
Notes for Question 9
cos(  h)  cos cos(   )  cos
B1: Gives the correct fraction such as or
h 
cos(  h)  cos
Allow o.e. Note: cos(  h) or cos(   ) may be expanded
(  h)  
M1: Uses the compound angle formula for cos(  h) to give cos cos h  sin  sin h
cos cos h  sin  sin h  cos
A1: Achieves or equivalent
h
dM1: dependent on both the B and M marks being awarded
Complete attempt to apply the given limits to the gradient of their chord
cos h  1  cos h  1 
and  with 1 and replace 
sin h sin h
Note: They must isolate  , and replace  with 0
h  h  h  h 
d
A1*: cso. Uses correct mathematical language of limiting arguments to prove  cos    sin 
d
Note: Acceptable responses for the final A mark include:
d lim  sin h  cos h  1  
  cos     sin     cos    1sin   0cos   sin 
d h0  h  h  
 Gradient of chord  
sin h  cos h  1 
sin     cos . As h  0, gradient of chord tends to
h  h 
the gradient of the curve, so derivative is  sin 
 Gradient of chord  
sin h  cos h  1 
sin     cos . As h  0, gradient of curve is  sin 
h  h 
Note: Give final A0 for the following example which shows no limiting arguments:
d sin h  cos h  1 
when h  0,  cos    sin     cos   1sin   0cos   sin 
d h  h 
sin h
 1 or  cos h  1 
Note: Do not allow the final A1 for stating    0 and attempting to apply these
h  h 
Note: In this question  may be used in place of h
dy
Note: Condone f ( ) where f ( )  cos or where y  cos used in place of d  cos 
d d
 Notes for Question 9 Continued
Note: Condone x used in place of  if this is done consistently
Note: Give final A0 for
d lim  sin h  cos h  1  
  cos x    sin     cos    1sin   0cos   sin 
d h0  h  h  
d
  ...
d
 Defining f ( x)  cos and applying f ( x)  ...
d
  cos 
dx
d
Note: Give final A1 for a correct limiting argument in x, followed by  cos    sin 
d
d lim  sin h  cos h  1  
e.g.  cos x    sin x    cos x    1sin x  0cos x   sin x
d h0  h  h  
d
  cos    sin 
d
Note: Applying h  0, sin h  h , cos h  1 to give e.g.
lim  cos cos h  sin  sin h  cos   cos (1)  sin  (h)  cos   sin  (h)
      sin 
h  0  h 

 h  h
is final M0 A0 for incorrect application of limits
Note: lim  cos cos h  sin  sin h  cos  lim  sin h  cos h  1  
     sin     cos 
h0  h  h0  h  h  
lim lim
   (1)sin   0cos    sin  . So for not removing
h0 h0
when the limit was taken is final A0
cos(  h)  cos(  h)  2sin  sin h
Note: Alternative Method: Considers which simplifies to
(  h)  (  h) 2h
Question Scheme Marks AOs
dr 1 dr k
10 (a)   2 or  2 (for k or a numerical k) M1 3.3
dt r dt r

 r dr    k dt  ...
2
(for k or a numerical k) M1 2.1
1 3
r   kt { c } A1 1.1b
3
t  0, r  5 and t  4, r  3 t  0, r  5 and t  240, r  3
1 3 49 125 1 3 49 125 M1 3.1a
gives r  t , gives r  t ,
3 6 3 3 360 3
where r, in mm, is the radius where r, in mm, is the radius
{of the mint} and t, in minutes, is {of the mint} and t, in seconds, is A1 1.1b
the time from when it {the mint} the time from when it {the mint}
was placed in the mouth was placed in the mouth
(5)
49 125
(b) r 00   t  0   49t  250  t  ... M1 3.4
6 3
time = 5 minutes 6 seconds A1 1.1b
(2)
(c) Suggests a suitable limitation of the model. E.g.
 Model does not consider how the mint is sucked
 Model does not consider whether the mint is bitten
 Model is limited for times up to 5 minutes 6 seconds, o.e.
 Not valid for times greater than 5 minutes 6 seconds, o.e.
 Mint may not retain the shape of a sphere (or have uniform
B1 3.5b
radius) as it is being sucked
 The model indicates that the radius of the mint is negative after
it dissolves
 Model does not consider the temperature in the mouth
 Model does not consider rate of saliva production
 Mint could be swallowed before it dissolves in the mouth
(1)
(8 marks)
 Notes for Question 10
(a)
M1: Translates the description of the model into mathematics. See scheme.
dr
M1: Separates the variables of their differential equation which is in the form  f (r ) and some
dt
attempt at integration. (e.g. attempts to integrate at least one side).

 r dr    k dt and some attempt at integration.

2
e.g.
Condone the lack of integral signs
1 3
Note: You can imply the M1 mark for r 2 dr   k dt  r   kt
3
Note: A numerical value of k (e.g. k  1 ) is allowed for the first two M marks
1
A1: Correct integration to give r 3   kt with or without a constant of integration, c
3
M1: For a complete process of using the boundary conditions to find both their unknown constants
and finds an equation linking r and t
So applies either
 t  0, r  5 and t  4, r  3, or
 t  0, r  5 and t  240, r  3,
on their integrated equation to find their constants k and c and obtains an equation linking r and t
A1: Correct equation, with variables r and t fully defined including correct reference to units.
1 49 125
 r3   t  , {or an equivalent equation,} where r, in mm, is the radius {of the mint}
3 6 3
and t, in minutes, is the time from when it {the mint} was placed in the mouth
1 49 125
 r3   t , {or an equivalent equation,} where r, in mm, is the radius {of the
3 360 3
mint} and t, in seconds, is the time from when it {the mint} was placed in the mouth
Note: Allow correct equations such as
250  49t 49 250  2r 3
 in minutes, r  3 , r3   t  125 or t 
2 2 49
15000  49t 49 15000  120r 3
 in seconds, r  3 , r3   t  125 or t 
120 120 49
Note: t defined as “the time from the start” is not sufficient for the final A1
(b)
M1: Sets r  0 in their part (a) equation which links r with t and rearranges to make t  ...
A1: 5 minutes 6 seconds cao (Note: 306 seconds with no reference to 5 minutes 6 seconds is A0)
Note: Give M0 if their equation would solve to give a negative time or a negative time is found
Note: You can mark part (a) and part (b) together
(c)
B1: See scheme
Note: Do not accept by itself
 mint may not dissolve at a constant rate
 rate of decrease of mint must be constant
250
 0t , r  0; without any written explanation
49
 reference to a mint having r  5
Question Scheme Marks AOs
1  11x  6 x 2 B C
11  A 
( x  3)(1  2 x) ( x  3) (1  2 x)
(a) 1  11x  6 x2  A(1  2 x)( x  3)  B(1  2x)  C ( x  3)  B  ..., C  ... M1 2.1
Way 1 A3 B1 1.1b

Uses substitution or compares terms to find either B  ... or C  ... M1 1.1b

B  4 and C   2 which have been found using a correct identity A1 1.1b

(4)
(a) 1  11x  6 x
2
10 x  10
{long division gives}  3
Way 2 ( x  3)(1  2 x) ( x  3)(1  2 x)
10x  10  B(1  2x)  C( x  3)  B  ..., C  ... M1 2.1

A3 B1 1.1b

Uses substitution or compares terms to find either B  ... or C  ... M1 1.1b

B  4 and C   2 which have been found using
A1 1.1b
10x  10  B(1  2x)  C( x  3)
(4)
4 2
(b) f ( x)  3   {  3  4( x  3) 1  2(1  2 x) 1 } ; x  3
( x  3) (1  2 x)
 4 4  M1 2.1
f ( x)   4( x  3)2  4(1  2 x) 2    
 ( x  3) 2
(1  2 x)2  A1ft 1.1b
Correct f ( x) and as ( x  3)  0 and (1  2 x)  0 ,
2 2

A1 2.4
then f ( x)   ( ve)  ( ve)  0 , so f ( x) is a decreasing function
(3)
(7 marks)
Notes for Question 11
(a)
M1: Way 1: Uses a correct identity 1  11x  6 x2  A(1  2 x)( x  3)  B(1  2 x)  C ( x  3) in a
complete method to find values for B and C. Note: Allow one slip in copying 1  11x  6 x
2

Way 2: Uses a correct identity 10 x  10  B(1  2 x)  C( x  3) (which has been found from
long division) in a complete method to find values for B and C
B1: A3
M1: Attempts to find the value of either B or C from their identity
This can be achieved by either substituting values into their identity or by comparing coefficients
and solving the resulting equations simultaneously
A1: See scheme
Way 1: Comparing terms:
Note: x 2 :  6   2 A;
x : 11  7 A  2B  C ; constant : 1  3 A  B  3C
1 5
Way 1: Substituting: x  3:  20   5B  B  4 ; x  : 5   C  C  2
2 2
Note: Way 2: Comparing terms: x :  10   2B  C ; constant : 10  B  3C
1 5
Way 2: Substituting: x  3:  20   5B  B  4 ; x  : 5   C  C  2
2 2
Note: A  3, B  4, C   2 from no working scores M1B1M1A1
Note: The final A1 mark is effectively dependent upon both M marks

Notes for Question 11 Continued

(a) ctd
Note: Writing 1  11x  6 x2  B(1  2 x)  C ( x  3)  B  4, C   2 will get 1st M0, 2nd M1, 1st A0
Note: Way 1: You can imply a correct identity 1  11x  6 x2  A(1  2 x)( x  3)  B(1  2 x)  C ( x  3)
1  11x  6 x 2 A(1  2 x)( x  3)  B(1  2 x)  C ( x  3)
from seeing 
( x  3)(1  2 x) ( x  3)(1  2 x)
Note: Way 2: You can imply a correct identity 10 x  10  B(1  2 x)  C( x  3)
10 x  10 B(1  2 x)  C ( x  3)
from seeing 
( x  3)(1  2 x) ( x  3)(1  2 x)
(b)
M1: Differentiates to give {f ( x)  }   ( x  3)2   (1  2 x)2 ;  ,   0
A1ft: f ( x)   4( x  3)2  4(1  2 x)2 , which can be simplified or un-simplified
Note: Allow A1ft for f ( x)   (their B)( x  3)2  (2)(their C)(1  2 x) 2 ; (their B), (their C)  0
4 4
A1: f ( x)   4( x  3)2  4(1  2 x)2 or f ( x)    and a correct explanation
( x  3) 2
(1  2 x) 2
e.g. f ( x)   ( ve)  ( ve)  0 , so f ( x) is a decreasing {function}
Note: The final A mark can be scored in part (b) from an incorrect A  ... or from A  0 or no value of
A found in part (a)
 Notes for Question 11 Continued - Alternatives
(a)
Note: Be aware of the following alternative solutions, by initially dividing by "( x  3)" or "(1  2 x)"
1  11x  6 x 2 6 x  7 20 10 20
    3 
"( x  3)"(1  2 x) (1  2 x) ( x  3)(1  2 x) (1  2 x) ( x  3)(1  2 x)
20 D E
   20  D(1  2 x)  E ( x  3)  D   4, E   8
( x  3)(1  2 x) ( x  3) (1  2 x)
10  4 8  4 2
 3     3  ; A  3, B  4, C   2
(1  2 x)  ( x  3) (1  2 x)  ( x  3) (1  2 x)
1  11x  6 x 2 3x  4 5 5 5
    3 
( x  3)"(1  2 x)" ( x  3) ( x  3)(1  2 x) ( x  3) ( x  3)(1  2 x)
5 D E
   5  D(1  2 x)  E ( x  3)  D  1, E   2
( x  3)(1  2 x) ( x  3) (1  2 x)
5  1 2  4 2
 3     3  ; A  3, B  4, C   2
( x  3)  ( x  3) (1  2 x)  ( x  3) (1  2 x)
(b)
Alternative Method 1:
1  11x  6 x 2 1  11x  6 x 2 u  1  11x  6 x 2 v   2 x 2  7 x  3
f ( x)  , x  3  f ( x)  ;  
( x  3)(1  2 x)  2 x 2  7 x  3 u  11  12 x v   4 x  7 
Uses quotient rule
( 2 x 2  7 x  3)(11  12 x)  (1  11x  6 x 2 )( 4 x  7) M1
f ( x)  to find f ( x)
( 2 x 2  7 x  3)2
Correct differentiation A1
 20(( x  1)  1)
2
f ( x)  and a correct explanation,
( 2 x 2  7 x  3)2
A1
( ve)
e.g. f ( x)    0 , so f ( x) is a decreasing {function}
( ve)
Alternative Method 2:
Allow M1A1A1 for the following solution:
4 2 4 2
Given f ( x)  3    3 
( x  3) (1  2 x) ( x  3) (2 x  1)
4 2
as decreases when x  3 and decreases when x  3
( x  3) (2 x  1)
then f ( x) is a decreasing {function}
Question Scheme Marks AOs
(2n  1)
12 1  cos 2  tan  sin 2 ,   , n
2
(a)  sin  
tan  sin 2    (2sin  cos ) M1 1.1b
Way 1  cos 
 sin   M1 1.1b
  (2sin  cos )  2sin   1  cos 2 *
2

 cos  A1* 2.1

(3)
(a)
1  cos2  1  (1  2sin 2  )  2sin 2  M1 1.1b
Way 2
 sin   M1 1.1b
  (2sin  cos )  tan  sin 2 *
 cos  A1* 2.1
(3)
 
(sec2 x  5)(1  cos 2 x)  3tan 2 x sin 2 x ,  x
2 2
(b) (sec x  5) tan x sin 2 x  3tan x sin 2 x
2 2

Way 1 or (sec2 x  5)(1  cos2 x)  3tan x(1  cos2 x)

Deduces x  0 B1 2.2a
Uses sec x  1  tan x and cancels/factorises out tan x or (1  cos2 x)
2 2

e.g. (1  tan 2 x  3tan x  5) tan x  0

M1 2.1
or (1  tan 2 x  3tan x  5)(1  cos2 x)  0
or 1  tan x  5  3tan x
2

tan 2 x  3tan x  4  0 A1 1.1b

(tan x  4)(tan x  1)  0  tan x  ... M1 1.1b
 A1 1.1b
x , 1.326
4 A1 1.1b
(6)
(9 marks)
Notes for Question 12
(a) Way 1
sin 
M1: Applies tan   and sin 2  2sin  cos to tan  sin 2
cos
Cancels as scheme (may be implied) and attempts to use cos2  1  2sin 
2
M1:
A1*: For a correct proof showing all steps of the argument
(a)
Way 2
For using cos2  1  2sin  2
M1:
If the form cos2  cos   sin  or cos2  2cos   1 is used, the mark cannot be awarded
2 2 2
Note:
until cos  has been replaced by 1  sin 
2 2

sin 
M1: Attempts to write their 2sin
2
 in terms of tan  and sin 2 using tan   and
cos
sin 2  2sin  cos within the given expression
A1*: For a correct proof showing all steps of the argument
If a proof meets in the middle; e.g. they show LHS  2sin  and RHS  2sin  ; then some
2 2
Note:
indication must be given that the proof is complete. E.g. 1  cos2  tan  sin 2 , QED, box
 Notes for Question 12 Continued
(b)
B1: Deduces that the given equation yields a solution x  0
For using the key step of sec x  1  tan x and cancels/factorises out tan x or (1  cos2 x)
2 2
M1:
or sin 2x to produce a quadratic factor or quadratic equation in just tan x
Note: Allow the use of  sec2 x   1  tan 2 x for M1
Correct 3TQ in tan x. E.g. tan x  3tan x  4  0
2
A1:
E.g. tan x  4  3tan x or tan x  3tan x  4 are acceptable for A1
2 2
Note:
M1: For a correct method of solving their 3TQ in tan x

A1: Any one of  , awrt  0.785, awrt 1.326,  45, awrt 75.964
4
  
A1: Only x   , 1.326 cao stated in the range  x
4 2 2
Note: Alternative Method (Alt 1)
(sec2 x  5) tan x sin 2 x  3tan 2 x sin 2 x
or (sec2 x  5)(1  cos2 x)  3tan x(1  cos2 x)
Deduces x  0 B1 2.2a
1  sin x  Complete process
sec2 x  5  3tan x   5  3  (as shown) of using the
cos 2 x  cos x 
identities for sin 2x and
1  5cos2 x  3sin x cos x cos 2x to proceed as far as M1 2.1
 1  cos 2 x  3
1  5  A  B cos2 x   C sin 2 x
  sin 2 x
 2  2
3 5 3 3 5 3
  cos 2 x  sin 2 x   cos 2 x  sin 2 x
2 2 2 2 2 2 A1 1.1b
{3sin 2 x  5cos2 x   3} o.e.
Expresses their answer in the
34 sin(2 x  1.03)   3 form R sin(2 x   )  k ; k  0 M1 1.1b
with values for R and 
3
sin(2 x  1.03)  
34
 A1 1.1b
x , 1.326
4 A1 1.1b
Question Scheme Marks AOs
C : y  x ln x ; l is a normal to C at P(e, e)
13
Let x A be the x-coordinate of where l cuts the x-axis
dy 1 M1 2.1
 ln x  x   {  1  ln x }
dx  x A1 1.1b
1 1
x  e, mT  2  mN    y  e   ( x  e)
2 2
M1 3.1a
1
y  0   e   ( x  e)  x  ...
2
l meets x-axis at x  3e (allow x  2e  eln e ) A1 1.1b

 x ln x dx   ... 
e
1
 ... ((their xA )  e)e
e
{Areas:} either 1
or M1 2.1
1 2

 
  1 2 1  x2 
 x ln x dx   x ln x  .  dx M1 2.1
  2 x  2


 1 2 1  1 1 dM1 1.1b
 x ln x  x dx  x 2 ln x  x 2
 2 2  2 4 A1 1.1b


e
1
Area( R1 )  x ln x dx   1  ... ; Area( R2 )  ((their xA )  e)e
e
...
1 2 M1 3.1a
and so, Area( R)  Area( R1 )  Area( R2 ) { 14 e2  14  e2 }
Area( R)  54 e2  1
4 A1 1.1b
(10)
Notes for Question 13
M1: Differentiates by using the product rule to give ln x  x(their g( x)), where g( x)  ln x
A1: Correct differentiation of y  x ln x , which can be un-simplified or simplified
M1: Complete strategy to find the x coordinate where their normal to C at P(e, e) meets the x-axis
i.e. Sets y  0 in y  e  mN ( x  e) to find x  ...
Note: mT is found by using calculus and mN  mT
A1: l meets x-axis at x  3e, allowing un-simplified values for x such as x  2e  eln e
Note: Allow x  awrt 8.15
M1: Scored for either


e
Area under curve  x ln x dx   1  ..., with limits of e and 1 and some attempt to
e
 ...
1
substitute these and subtract
1
 or Area under line  ((their xA )  e)e, with a valid attempt to find x A
2


 x2 
M1: Integration by parts the correct way around to give Ax 2 ln x  B  {dx }; A  0, B  0
 x
dM1: dependent on the previous M mark
Integrates the second term to give  x 2 ;   0
1 2 1
A1: x ln x  x 2
2 4
M1: Complete strategy of finding the area of R by finding the sum of two key areas. See scheme.
A1: 4
e  14
5 2
 Notes for Question 13 Continued
Note: Area( R2 ) can also be found by integrating the line l between limits of e and their xA


their x A
 1 3 
i.e. Area( R2 )    x  e  dx   ... e  ...
their x A

e  2 2 
Note: Calculator approach with no algebra, differentiation or integration seen:
 Finding l cuts through the x-axis at awrt 8.15 is 2nd M1 2nd A1
 Finding area between curve and the x-axis between x  1 and x  e
to give awrt 2.10 is 3rd M1
 Using the above information (must be seen) to apply
Area( R)  2.0972...  7.3890...  9.4862... is final M1
Therefore, a maximum of 4 marks out of the 10 available.
Question Scheme Marks AOs
900 dN N (300  N )
14 N  0.25t
 900(3  7e 0.25t )1 , t  , t  0 ; 
3  7e dt 1200
(a) 90 B1 3.4
(1)
 900(0.25)(7)e 0.25t  M1 2.1
  900(3  7e 0.25t ) 2  7(0.25)e  0.25t  
(b) dN

Way 1 dt  (3  7e 0.25t )2  A1 1.1b
  900 
900(0.25)    3 

dN
  N 
2 dM1 2.1
dt  900 
 
 N 
dN N (300  N )
correct algebra leading to  * A1* 1.1b
dt 1200
(4)
 900(0.25)(7)e 0.25t  M1 2.1
  900(3  7e 0.25t ) 2  7(0.25)e  0.25t  
(b) dN

Way 2 dt  (3  7e 0.25t )2  A1 1.1b
 900  900 
N (300  N )   300   0.25t 
3  7e 0.25t 3  7e
    dM1 2.1
1200 1200
1575e 0..25t
LHS  o.e.,
(3  7e 0.25t )2
900(300(3  7e 0.25t )  900) 1575e  0..25t
RHS   o.e. A1* 1.1b
1200(3  7e 0.25t )2 (3  7e 0.25t )2
dN N (300  N )
and states hence  (or LHS = RHS) *
dt 1200
(4)
(c) Deduces N  150 (can be implied) B1 2.2a
900 3
so 150   0.25T
 e 0.25T  M1 3.4
3  7e 7
3 T  awrt 3.4 (months) dM1 1.1b
T   4ln   or
7 A1 1.1b
(4)
(d) either one of 299 or 300 B1 3.4
(1)
(10 marks)
 Notes for Question 14
14 (b)
M1: Attempts to differentiate using
 0.25t
dN  Ae
 the chain rule to give   Ae 0.25t (3  7e 0.25t ) 2 or o.e.
dt (3  7e 0.25t ) 2
dN (3  7e 0.25t )(0)  Ae 0.25t
 the quotient rule to give 
dt (3  7e 0.25t ) 2
dN
 implicit differentiation to give N (3  7e 0.25t )  900  (3  7e  0.25t )  ANe  0.25t  0, o.e.
dt
where A  0
Note: Condone a slip in copying (3  7e 0.25t ) for the M mark
A1: A correct differentiation statement
dN
Note: Implicit differentiation gives (3  7e 0.25t ) 1.75 Ne 0.25t  0
dt
dN
dM1: Way 1: Complete attempt, by eliminating t, to form an equation linking and N only
dt
900 dN N (300  N )
Way 2: Complete substitution of N   0.25t
into 
3  7e dt 1200
900
900 900 3
Note: Way 1: e.g. substitutes 3  7e  0.25t
 and e  0.25t
 or substitutes e 0.25t  N into
N N 7
dN dN
their  ... to form an equation linking and N
dt dt
dN N (300  N )
A1*: Way 1: Correct algebra leading to  *
dt 1200
Way 2: See scheme
(c)
dN
B1: Deduces or shows that is maximised when N  150
dt
900
M1: Uses the model N  with their N  150 and proceeds as far as e0.25T  k , k  0
3  7e 0.25t
or e0.25T  k , k  0 . Condone t  T
dM1: Correct method of using logarithms to find a value for T . Condone t  T
A1: see scheme
d 2 N dN  300 2N 
Note:      0  N  150 is acceptable for B1
dt 2 dt  1200 1200 
Note: Ignore units for T
900 900
Note: Applying 300   0.25t
 t  ... or 0   t  ... is M0 dM0 A0
3  7e 3  7e 0.25t
Note: M1 dM1 can only be gained in (c) by using an N value in the range 90  N  300
(d)
B1: 300 (or accept 299)
Question Scheme Marks AOs
900 dN N (300  N )
14 N  0.25t
 900(3  7e 0.25t )1 , t  , t  0 ; 
3  7e dt 1200

 
(b) 1 1
Way 3 dN  dt
N (300  N ) 1200 M1 2.1

 
1 1 1  1
   dN  dt
300  N 300  N  1200
1 1 1 A1 1.1b
ln N  ln(300  N )  t { c}
300 300 1200
1 1 1 3
t  0, N  90   c  ln(90)  ln(210)  c  ln  
300 300 300  7 
1 1 1 1 3
ln N  ln(300  N )  t ln  
300 300 1200 300  7 
dM1 2.1
1 3
ln N  ln(300  N )  t  ln  
4 7
 N  1  3 N 3 1t
ln    t  ln     e4
 300  N  4 7 300  N 7
1t 1t 1t
7 N  3e 4 (300  N )  7 N  3Ne 4  900e 4
1t
1t 1t 900e 4 900 A1* 1.1b
N (7  3e )  900e
4 4
 N  N *
3  7e 0.25t
1t
7  3e 4

(4)
(b) 1  900  900  3N
N (3  7e 0.25t )  900  e 0.25t    3   e  0.25t  M1 2.1
Way 4 7 N  7N
 t   4  ln(900  3N )  ln(7 N ) 
dt  3 7  A1 1.1b
   4  
dN  900  3N 7 N 
dt  1 1 dt  N  300  N 
 4     4  dM1 2.1
dN  300  N N  dN  N (300  N ) 
dt  1200  dN N (300  N )
    * A1* 1.1b
dN  N (300  N )  dt 1200
(4)
 Notes for Question 14 Continued
(b)
Way 3
M1: Separates the variables, an attempt to form and apply partial fractions and integrates to give
ln terms  kt { c}, k  0, with or without a constant of integration c
1 1 1
A1: ln N  ln(300  N )  t { c} or equivalent with or without a constant of integration c
300 300 1200
dM1: Uses t  0, N  90 to find their constant of integration and obtains an expression of the form
e t  f ( N );   0 or e t  f ( N );   0
1 1
4 4

900
A1*: Correct manipulation leading to N  *
3  7e 0.25t
(b)
Way 4
M1: Valid attempt to make t the subject, followed by an attempt to find two ln derivatives,
condoning sign errors and constant errors.
dt  3 7 
A1:   4   or equivalent
dN  900  3N 7 N 
dM1: Forms a common denominator to combine their fractions
dN N (300  N )
A1*: Correct algebra leading to  *
dt 1200
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