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CHAPTER 12
File Revision Date : 6 September 2019
Previous Years Chapterwise Question Bank
CLASS : 9 th
SUB : Science
For Objective Questions and NCERT Solutions
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Sound

ONE MARK QUESTIONS musical concert. By doing so what is he adjusting?

Ans :
He is adjusting frequency if the sitar string with the
1. What do you mean by a wave? frequency of the other musical instrument.
Ans :
10. If the tension in the wire is increased four times, how
A wave is a vibratory disturbance in a medium which
will the velocity of wave in a string varies?
carries energy from one point to another without
being a direct contact between the two points. Ans :
Velocity of the wave in string is directly proportional
2. What does wave transfer-matter or energy? to the square root of the tension thus if tension is
Ans : increased 4 times, the velocity will be doubled.
Energy.
11. A girl claps and hears the echo after reflection from
cliff which is 660 m away. If the velocity of sound
3. Where is density of air higher at compression or at is 330 ms–1, calculate the time taken for hearing the
rarefaction? echo.
Ans : Ans :
At compression.
v × t =2d
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t = 2d = 2 # 660 = 4 s
v 330
4. Guess which sound has a higher pitch-guitar or car
horn? 12. Explain, how is the principle of echo used by the
Ans : dolphin to locate small fish as its prey?
Guitar has a higher pitch because it has higher Ans :
frequency. Dolphins are aquatic animals which send out ultrasonic
sound to communicate with each other. They have
5. What is intensity of sound? a sound sensing system which enables them to find
Ans : animals underwater with great accuracy due to the
echo of the ultrasonic sound produced by them.
The amount of sound energy passing through unit
area each second is called the intensity of sound.
13. Give two practical applications of the reflection of
sound waves.
6. What is relation between time period and frequency?
Ans :
Ans :
(i) In stethoscope the sound of patient’s heartbeat
Frequency = 1 reaches the doctor’s ears by multiple reflections in
Time period the tubes.
(ii) Megaphones are designed to send sound waves in
7. Name two animals that communicate using infrasound? particular direction are based on the reflection of
Ans : sound.
Rhinoceroses and whales communicate using
14. Why are longitudinal waves called pressure waves?
infrasound.
Ans :
8. Name the waves used by bats while flying in the dark. Sound waves travels in the form of compression and
Ans : rarefactions, which involve change in pressure, and
volume of the air. Thus, they are called pressure waves.
Bats use ultrasonic waves while flying in the dark.
15. Sound travels faster on a rainy day than on a dry day.
9. A Sitarist tries to adjust the tension and pluck the Why?
string suitably, before playing the orchestra in a
Ans :

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Sound travels faster on rainy day because the velocity No. of vibrations produced in 1 s = 100
of sound increases with increase in humidity. On rainy No. of vibrations produced in 60 (sec) = 1 min =
day, humidity is more thus, velocity of sound is also 100 × 60 = 6000.
more.
25. Name the two types of mechanical waves.
16. How moths of certain families are able to escape Ans :
capture?
The two types of mechanical waves are :
Ans : (i) Transverse wave and
Moths of certain families can hear high frequency (ii) Longitudinal wave.
sounds (squeaks) of bat as they have sensitive hearing
equipment. Thus, they get to know when a bat is near 26. What is a wave?
by and hence, able to escape its capture. Ans :
A wave is a disturbance that travels in a medium due
17. What is SONAR?
to repeated periodic motion of particles about their
Ans : mean position – such that the disturbance is handed
SONAR (Sound Navigation And Ranging) is a over from one particle to the other without the actual
technique for determining water depth and locating motion of the medium.
underwater objects, such as reefs, submarines and
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18. Define one hertz. 27. What is a transverse wave?

Ans : Ans :

One hertz is one vibration per second. It is a wave in which the particles of the medium
vibrate perpendicular to the direction of propagation
of the wave.
19. Define wavelength.
Ans :
28. What is a longitudinal wave?
It is the distance between two nearest points in a wave Ans :
which are in the same phase of vibration.
It is a wave in which the particles of the medium
vibrate in the direction of propagation of the wave.
20. What is the audible range of the average human ear?
Ans :
29. What is a trough?
An average human ear can hear sound waves between Ans :
frequencies 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz.
A trough is a depression in a wave, i.e., maximum
displacement in the negative direction (below the
21. What is sound and how is it produced?
mean position).
Ans :
Sound is mechanical energy which produces a sensation 30. What do you understand by the term infrasonic
of hearing. When an object is set into vibrations, vibrations?
sound is produced. Ans :
The sounds of frequency lower than 20 Hz are called
22. Why is sound wave called as longitudinal wave?
the infrasonics or subsonics.
Ans :
Sound wave is called longitudinal wave because the 31. Which of the following sound waves we can hear : 10
particles of the medium vibrate in the direction of the Hz, 500 Hz, 1500 Hz, 12000 Hz, 25000 Hz?
propagation of wave. Ans :
500 Hz, 1500 Hz, 12000 Hz.
23. Flash and thunder are produced simultaneously. But,
thunder is heard a few seconds after the flash is seen,
why? 32. What do you understand by the term ultrasonic
vibrations?
Ans :
Ans :
The speed of light is 3 × 108 ms–1 whereas that of
sound is 344 ms–1 in air. Thus, flash of lightning is Sounds of frequency higher than 20,000 Hz are called
seen at once, but sound takes few seconds to reach the ultrasonics.
our ears.
33. What do you understand by the term echo?
24. The frequency of a source of sound is 100 Hz. How Ans :
many times does it vibrate in a minute? The sound heard after reflection from a rigid obstacle
Ans : is called an echo.

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34. Name the term associated with the travelling of the vibrating body producing the wave?
disturbance in a medium. Ans :
Ans : Yes, the amplitude of a wave is same, as the amplitude
Wave. of the vibrating body producing the wave.

35. Do waves transport energy? 46. What is the range of frequencies associated with :
Ans : (a) Infrasound
(b) Ultrasound
Yes.
Ans :
36. Do waves transport matter? (a) Infrasound : Sound waves between the frequencies
Ans : 1 to 20 Hz.
(b) Ultrasound : Sound waves of the frequencies above
No. 20,000 Hz.

37. Do the particles of the medium move from one place

to another in a medium? THREE MARKS QUESTIONS
Ans :
No. 47. Give difference between loudness and intensity of the
sound.
38. Does the velocity of wave motion depend on the Ans :
nature of the medium?
Ans : Loudness Intensity
Yes. 1. Loudness is a It is the energy per
measure of the second per unit
39. Does the velocity of wave motion depend on the response of our ear to area normal to the
nature or motion of the source? the sound. direction of energy
Ans : flow.
No. 2. It depends on It does not depend
intensity as well as upon the sensitivity
40. What is the other name of a long flexible spring? sensitivity of the ear. of the ear.
Ans : Therefore, it is not
absolute but relative.
Slinky is the other name of a long flexible spring.
3. The unit of loudness The unit of intensity
is decibel. is watt/m2.
41. Can you produce both types of waves (i.e., longitudinal
and transverse) on a slinky?
Ans : 48. What are transverse waves? Give two examples.
Yes, we can produce both types of waves (i.e., Ans :
longitudinal and transverse) on a slinky. A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate
up and down at right angle to the direction in which
42. Where is the density of air higher; at compressions or the wave is moving.
at rarefactions? Example :
Ans : (i) The waves produced by moving one end of a long
spring up and down rapidly.
At the compression the density of air is higher. (ii) Ripples formed on the surface of water in a pond.

43. Name the quantity that represents the length of one 49. What are crests and troughs of a wave?
complete wave.
Ans :
Ans :
The elevation in a transverse wave is called crest. It
Wavelength represents the length of one complete is that part of transverse wave which s above the line
wave. of zero disturbance of the medium. The depression in
a transverse wave is called trough. It is that part of
44. What is the distance between two consecutive crests the transverse wave which is below the line of zero
in a wave called? disturbances.
Ans :
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive 50. What is a stethoscope? Name the principle on which
crests in a wave. a stethoscope works.
Ans :
45. Is the amplitude of a wave the same, as the amplitude Stethoscope is a medical instrument used for listening
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sounds produced within the body, chiefly in the (i) The amplitude of the wave determines the
heart or lungs. Stethoscope works on the principle of loudness. More the amplitude of a wave, more is
multiple reflection of sound. the loudness produced.
(ii) The pitch is determined by the frequency of the
51. How moths of certain families are able to escape wave. Higher the frequency of a wave, more is its
captures from bats? What is the range of frequencies pitch and shriller is the sound.
associated with :
(a) infrasound? 57. When a sound is reflected from a distant object,
(b) ultrasound? an echo is produced. Let the distance between the
Ans : reflecting surface and the source of sound production
remains the same. Do you hear echo sound on a hotter
They have very sensitive hearing equipment, that can
day?
hear the squeaks (ultrasound) of bat and know when
a bat is flying nearby. Ans :
(a) Less than 20 Hz. If the temperature rises, the speed of sound will
(b) More than 20,000 Hz. increase. This in turn will increase the minimum
distance required for hearing an echo. No echo is heard
52. A person fires a gun standing at a distance of 55 m because the distance between the source of sound and
from a wall. If the speed of sound is 330 ms–1, find the reflecting body does not increase.
time for an echo to be heard.
Ans : 58. Explain, why can echoes not be heard in a small room?
Ans :
Given d = 55 m, v = 330 ms–1, t = ?
For hearing echo, there should be at least a distance of
2d = v × t 17 m between the source of sound and the body from
or t = 2d = 2 # 55 = 0.3 s which sound is reflected. In small rooms this is not the
v 330 case, hence, echoes are not heard.

53. The pulse rate of a man is 80 beats in one minute. 59. Sound is produced due to a vibratory motion, then
Calculate its frequency. why a vibrating pendulum does not produce sound?
Ans : Ans :

No. of beats per minute = 80 The frequency of the vibrating pendulum does not lie
within the audible range (20 Hz to 20,000 Hz) and
No. of beats per second = = 80 = 1.3 hence, it does not produce audible sound.
60
So, frequency = 1.3 Hz 60. Distinguish between transverse and longitudinal waves
(three points).
54. What is echo? Explain the conditions that have to be
Ans :
satisfied to hear an echo?
Ans : Transverse waves :
(i) Particles the medium vibrate at right angles.
Reflection of sound wave from a large obstacle is called (ii) Alternate crests and troughs formed.
an echo. The most important condition for hearing (iii) e.g., water waves.
an echo is that the reflected sound should reach the Longitudinal waves :
ear only after a lapse of at least 0.1 second after the (i) Particles vibrate parallel to the direction of waves.
original sound is off and the obstacle is at least at a (ii) Alternate compressions, rarefaction formed.
distance of 17 m. (iii) e.g., sound waves.
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61. State three characteristics of a musical sound. On
55. Why do echoes produced in an empty auditorium what factors do they depend?
usually decrease when it is full of audience? Ans :
Ans : Characteristics of musical sound are :
When the hall is empty there are no obstacles in (i) Loudness–Amplitude affects loudness–more
between to reflect the sound other than the walls. amplitude, louder the sound and lesser the
When the hall is full of audiences, the sound produced amplitude, softer is the sound.
undergoes multiple reflections from the people and (ii) Pitch-Frequency affects pitch-more frequency
so it overlaps with the sound produced. Hence, the more pitch, less frequency less pitch.
listener is not able to distinguish between the original (iii) Quality.
sound and the echo.
62. How does the sound produced by a musical instrument,
56. Which wave property determines : reach your ears? Astronauts need radio transmitter to
(i) loudness (ii) pitch talk to each other on Moon. Why?
Ans : Ans :

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The sound produced by the musical instrument makes frequency of the ‘note’. Depending on the conditions
the molecules of air vibrate. These vibrations are under which vibrations are taking place, sometimes we
carried forward by the other molecules till they reach get one set of harmonics and sometimes another set.
our ear. These then vibrate our eardrum to produce The quality of the two notes will, therefore, different
sound. Since, sound requires a medium to propagate, even though their fundamental frequencies may be the
therefore, sound cannot travel between astronauts on same.
the Moon, hence, they use radio transmitters.
68. State any two characteristics of a wave motion.
63. What are wavelength, frequency, time period and Ans :
amplitude of a sound wave?
The characteristics of wave motion are :
Ans :
(i) It is a periodic disturbance.
Wavelength : It is the linear distance between (ii) Energy transfer takes place at a constant speed.
two consecutive compressions or two consecutive
rarefactions. 69. A longitudinal wave of wavelength 1 cm travels in air
Frequency : The number of compressions or with a speed of 330 ms–1. Calculate the frequency of
rarefactions taken together passing through a point in the wave. Can this wave be heard by a normal human
one second is called frequency. being?
Time period : It is the time taken by two consecutive Ans :
compressions or rarefactions to cross a point.
Amplitude : It is the magnitude of maximum Given l = 1 cm = 0.01 m
displacement of a vibrating particle about its mean v = 330 ms–1
position.
Using v = nl we have

64. Does sound follow the same laws of reflection as light n = v = 330 = 33000 Hz
l 0.01
does? Explain.
No, this cannot be heard by a normal human being.
Ans :
Yes, sound and light follow the same laws of reflection 70. If the amplitude of a wave is doubled, what will be the
that are given below : effect on its loudness?
(a) Angle of incidence at the point of incidence = Ans :
Angle of reflection. ^+i = +r h
(b) At the point of incidence, the incident sound Loudness depends upon the square of the amplitude
wave, the normal and the reflected sound wave lie of the wave, therefore, when the amplitude of wave is
in the same plane. doubled, the loudness becomes four times.

65. What are longitudinal waves? Give two examples. 71. How do the frequency and amplitudes affect a musical
sound?
Ans :
Ans :
A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate
back and forth along the same direction, in which the The ‘frequency’ of a musical sound affects its ‘pitch’.
wave is moving, is called a longitudinal wave. The more the frequency of a (musical) sound, the
Examples : ‘sharper’ and ‘shriller’ the sound becomes.
(a) The sound waves in air. The ‘amplitude’ of a musical sound affects its
(b) The waves produced in air when a sitar wire is loudness, or intensity. The more the amplitude of the
plucked. sound, the louder (or more intense) the sound is.

66. Distinguish between tone and note. 72. Give one example each of natural vibration, forced
Ans : vibration and resonance.
A pitch is a particular frequency of sound, for example Ans :
: 440 Hz. (i) Natural vibration : The vibrations of a simple
A note is a named pitch. For example : Western music pendulum about its mean position.
generally refers to the 440 Hz pitch as A, specifically (ii) Forced vibration : A sonometer wire, under
A4. tension, vibrating under the influence of a
vibrating tuning fork.
(iii) Resonance : A correctly adjusted length of a
sonometer wire under proper tension, vibrating
67. How do you account for the fact that two strings can under the influence of a vibrating tuning fork.
be used to give notes of the same pitch and loudness
but of different quality? 73. Mention one practical use of echoes.
Ans :
Ans :
The ‘quality’ of a given note is determined by the
Echoes are used in radars to estimate the distance of
overall effect of the harmonics present in it. The
flying objects.
harmonics are multiples of the fundamental or basic
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74. How does a stretched string on being set into vibration, are they?
produce the audible sound? (iv) Under what conditions does the above action lead
Ans : to resonance?
On being set into vibrations, the stretched string, Ans :
forces the surrounding air to vibrate. This vibrating (i) Yes, there is an audible sound produced.
air, in turn, affects our eardrum and produces an (ii) Yes, the table top is set into ‘forced vibrations’ by
audible sound. this.
(iii) The vibrations are forced vibrations.
75. Will the sound be audible if the string is set into (iv) Pressing the stem of a vibrating tuning fork
vibration on the surface of the Moon? Give reason for against a table top, would lead to resonance if the
your answer. frequency of the tuning fork equals the natural
Ans : frequency of oscillations of the table top.

No, we will not hear any audible sound on the surface

79. How does the sound produced by a vibrating object in
of the Moon. This is because sound requires a medium
a medium reach your ear?
to propagate, since there is no atmosphere on the
surface of Moon, therefore, the sound will not be Ans :
heard. When a vibrating object moves forward, it pushes and
compresses the air in front of it creating a region of
76. What change, if any, would you expect in the high pressure called compression. This compression
characteristics of musical sound when we increase : starts to move away from the vibrating object. When
(i) its frequency, and vibrating object moves backwards, it creates a region
(ii) its amplitude? of low pressure called refraction. As the object moves
Ans : forth and back rapidly, a series of compressions and
refractions are created in the air. These produce the
(i) Pitch of sound will increases, sound wave that propagates through the medium.
(ii) Loudness of sound will increases. This continues until the sound wave reaches to the ear
of the listener.
FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

77. (i) Draw the sound waves for a low pitched and the
high pitched sound.
(ii) Write one use of ultrasonography.
(ii) Which wave property determines pitch?
Ans :
(i) The diagram is as shown :

80. Write conditions for the production of an echo.

Ans :
Conditions for the production of an echo are :
(i) Time gap between the original sound and the
reflected sound.
The echo will be heard if the original sound
reflected by an obstacle reaches our ears after
0.1 s.
(ii) Distance between the source of sound and obstacle.
Figure: Frequency of sound wave Thus, the minimum distance (in air at 25°C)
between the observer and the obstacle for the
(ii) Ultrasonography is used for examination of the echo to be heard clearly should be 17.2 m.
fetus during pregnancy to detect congenital (iii) Nature of the obstacle : For the formation of an
defects and growth abnormalities. echo, the reflecting surface or the obstacle must
(iii) The pitch depends on frequency. be rigid such as a building, hill or a cliff.
(iv) Size of the obstacle : Echoes can be produced if
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the size of the obstacle reflecting the sound is
quite large.
78. The stem of a tuning fork is pressed against a table
top. Answer the following questions :
81. With the help of a labelled diagram show that sound
(i) Would the above action produce any audible
needs a material medium for its propagation.
sound?
(ii) Does the above action cause the table to set into Ans :
vibrations? A well labelled diagram is as shown :
(iii) If the answer above is yes, what type of vibrations

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84. Give uses of multiple reflection of sound.

Ans :
There are several uses of multiple reflection of sound :
(i) Megaphone is a device used to address public
meetings. It is horn-shaped. When we speak
through megaphone, sound waves are reflected by
the megaphone. These reflected sound waves are
directed towards the people (or audience) without
much spreading.
(ii) The ceilings of concert halls and auditoriums
are made curved. This is done so that the sound
Figure: Bell jar experiment
reaches all the parts of the hall after reflecting
(i) Take an electric circuit which consists of a cell, a from the ceiling. Moreover, these ceilings are
switch and an electric bell arranged inside a bell made up of sound absorbing materials to reduce
jar, which stands on the platform of an evacuating the reverberation.
pump. (iii) Stethoscope is a device used by doctors to listen
(ii) The switch of the bell is pressed to close the the sound produced by heart and lungs. The sound
electric circuit. When there is air within the bell produced by heart beat and lungs of a patient
jar, sound is heard. Air is now pumped out of the reaches the ears of a doctor due to multiple
bell jar. When the air is completely removed from reflection of sound.
the bell jar, no sound is heard as it is obvious from (iv) Sound boards are curved surfaces (concave) which
fig. because the medium of air which has to carry are used in a big hall to direct the sound waves
energy from the bell to the bell jar is removed. It towards the people sitting in a hall. The speaker
shows that sound needs material medium for its is (i.e., source of sound) placed at the focus of the
propagation. sound board.
(v) Sound waves from the speaker are reflected by
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directed towards the people (or audience).
82. A particular transmitter of Aakashvani broadcasts at (vi) Hearing aid is used by a person who is hard of
420.5 m wavelength. (Given the speed of radio waves 3 hearing. The sound waves falling on hearing aid
× 108 ms–1) Calculate the frequency at which the radio are concentrated into a narrow beam of sound
station broadcasts its program. What is the direction waves by reflection. This narrow beam of sound
of oscillations of the medium particles through which waves is made to fall on the diaphragm of the
a: ear. Thus, diaphragm of the ear vibrates with
(i) Transverse wave is propagating? large amplitude. Hence, the hearing power of the
(ii) Longitudinal wave is propagating? person is improved.
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Given
l = 420.5 m, v = 3 × 108 ms–1, n = ? 85. Give application of ultrasound (ultrasonic waves).
Using the expression v = nl Ans :
8 Ultrasonic waves have number of uses :
n = v = 3 # 10 (1) Ultrasonic vibrations are used for homogenising
l 420.5
milk. These vibrations break down the larger
= 7 × 105 Hz
particles of the fat present in milk to smaller
(i) The particles oscillate perpendicular to the
particles.
direction of propagation of the wave.
(2) Ultrasonic vibrations are used in dish washing
(ii) The particles oscillate parallel to the direction of
machines. The vibrating detergent particles rub
propagation of the wave.
against the dirty utensils and thus, clean them.
(3) Ultrasonic vibrations produce a sort of depression
83. (i) State two characteristics of wave motion. in rats and cockroaches.
(ii) What is the relation between frequency, (4) Ultrasonic vibrations are used to study the growth
wavelength and speed of a wave? of foetus in mother’s womb.
Ans : (5) Ultrasonic vibrations are used in relieving pain in
(i) A wave motion is periodic in nature. The particles joints and muscles.
of the medium do not move from their mean (6) Ultrasonic vibrations are used in detecting flaws
position but execute vibration but only the energy in articles made from metals. They are also used
is transmitted from one point to another. in finding the thickness of various parts of a
metallic component.
(ii) Speed = wavelength × frequency
v = l#n
NUMERICAL QUESTIONS

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86. A tuning fork produces 1024 waves in 4 seconds. Velocity of sound in the air, v = 344 m/s
Calculate the frequency to the tuning fork. Wavelength of the sound wave = l
Ans : We know,
wave velocity
As the tuning fork produces 1024 waves in 4 seconds, Wavelength, l =
frequency
hence
Frequency of tuning fork, = 344 ms-1
n = Number of vibration per second 120 # 103 s-1
= 2.87 × 10–3 m = 0.29 cm
= 1024 = 256 Hz
4
91. A gun is fired in the air at a distance of 660 m, from a
87. A human heart, on an average, is found to beat 75 person. He hears the sound of the gun after 2 s. What
times a minute. Calculate its frequency. is the speed of sound?
Ans : Ans :
Distance travelled by sound = 660 m,
No. of beats of human heart = 75 min–1 Time taken by the sound = 2 s,
= 75 min Speed of sound in air = ?
1
So, Speed of sound = Distance
= 75 s = 1.25 s–1 Time
60
So, average frequency of human heart beating = 660 m = 330 m/s
2s
= 1.25 s–1. Thus, the speed of sound in the air is 330 m/s.

88. A boat at anchor is rocked by waves whose consecutive 92. A child hears an echo from a cliff 4 seconds after the
crests are 100 m apart. The wave velocity of the sound from a powerful cracker is produced. How far
moving crests is 20 m/s. What is the frequency of away is the cliff from the child? Velocity of sound in
rocking of the boat? air at 20°C is 344 m/s.
Ans : Ans :
Distance between two consecutive crests = 100 m Let the distance between the child and the cliff be d.
Wave velocity v = 20 m/s Then,
The distance between two consecutive crests is equal Total distance travelled by the sound = 2d
to the wavelength of the wave. So, Total time taken by the sound = 4 s
Wave velocity
Frequency =
Wave length Then, Velocity of sound = 344 m/s = d
2s
-1
= 20 m s = 0.2 s–1 This gives, d = 344 m/s × 2 s
100 m
So, the frequency of rocking of the boat is 0.2 s–1. = 688 m
Thus, the cliff is at a distance of 688 m from the child.
89. A longitudinal wave is produced on a toy slinky. The
wave travels at a speed of 30 cm/s and the frequency 93. A ship sends on a high frequency sound wave and
of the wave is 20 Hz. What is the minimum separation receives an echo after 1 second. What is the depth of
between the consecutive compressions of the slinky? the sea? Speed of sound in water is 1500 m/s.
Ans : Ans :

Wave speed, n = 30 cm/s Let, Depth of the sea = d

So, total distance travelled by the sound wave = 2d
Frequency of the wave, n = 20 Hz = 20 s–1 Time taken by sound to travel both ways = 1s
The minimum separation between the consecutive As per definition,
compressions is equal to the wavelength. Therefore,
-1 Speed of the sound = 1500 ms–1 = 2d
Wavelength = 30 cm-s1 = 1.5 cm 1s
20 s
Thus, the minimum separation between the consecutive or d = 1500 ms–1 × 1s = 750 m
2
compression of the slinky is 1.5 cm.
Thus, the depth of the sea is 750 metres.

90. A bat can hear sound at frequencies up to 120 kHz.

94. A sonar echo takes 2.2 s to return from a whale. How
Determine the wavelength of sound in the air at this
far away is the whale?
frequency. Take the speed of sound in the air as 344
m/s. Ans :
Ans : Total time taken by the signal = 2.2 s
So, time taken the signal to reach the whale = 1.1 s
Frequency, n = 120 kHz = 120 × 103 Hz Distance of the whale = d (assume)
= 120 × 103 s–1 Speed of sound in sea water at 25°C = 1533 ms–1

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So, distance of the whale, i.e. t + tl = 3.13

d = Speed of the signal × Time taken 3 + 44.1 = 3.13
v
or d = 1533 m s–1 × 1.1 s = 1686.3 m
44.1 = 0.13
v
95. Using the SONAR, sound pulses are emitted at the
surface of water. These pulses after being reflected v = 339.2 ms–1
from the bottom are detected. If the time interval
from the emission to the detection of the sound pulses 98. Using sonar, sound pulses are emitted at the surface
is 2 seconds, find the depth of the water. Velocity of of water. These pulses after being reflected from
sound in water = 1498 m/s. water bottom are detected. If the time interval from
Ans : the emission to the detection of the sound pulses is 2
seconds, find the depth of the water. (speed of sound
Let, depth of the water from the Earth’s surface be
in water = 1531 m/s given)
d. Then,
Total distance travelled by the pulse = 2d Ans :
Total time taken by the pulse = 2s
t=2s
As per definition,
Speed = Distance
Velocity = Distance travelled Time
Time taken
1531 = 2x
So, Velocity of the sound = 2d = d 2
2s s
x = 1531 m
1498 m/s = d
s
99. Calculate (a) the wavelength (b) the time period of
This gives, d = 1498 m/s × 1s
a tuning fork of frequency 512 Hz which is set to
= 1498 m vibrate. Velocity of sound in air is 320 m/s.
Thus, the depth of water is 1498 m. Ans :

96. A wave moves a distance of 8 m in 0.05 s : Frequency of the tuning fork (n ) = 512 Hz
(a) Find the velocity of the wave. Velocity of sound (v ) = 320 m/s
(b) What is the wavelength of the wave if its frequency
is 200 Hz? Wavelength (l ) = v = 320
n 512
Ans :
= 0.625
(a) Velocity = 8 = 160 ms–1 time period (t) = 1
0.05 v
(b) l = 160 = 0.8 m = 0.00195 s
200

100.Sound waves travel with a speed of 330 m/s. What is

97. A stone is dropped into a well 44.1 m deep. The splash the wavelength of sound, whose frequency is 550 Hz?
is heard 3.13 seconds after the stone is dropped. Find
the velocity of sound in air. Ans :
Ans : Speed of the sound wave (v ) = 330 m/s
Frequency of the sound wave (n ) = 550 Hz
Stone falling from A to B
u = 0, s = 44.1 m, g = 9.8 ms–2, t = ? Wavelength (l ) = v = 330 = 33
n 550 55
s = ut + 1 gt2 Wavelength = 0.6 m
2

44.1 = 1 × 9.8 × t2 101.Derive a relation between wave-velocity, frequency

2
and wavelength.
t=3s Ans :
Sound produced at B, due to sound produced by the
stone falling on the surface of water, travels from B to Wave velocity is defined as the distance travelled by
A. The sound moves with constant velocity. the wave in one second.
Distance travelled by one wave
Speed = Distance Wave velocity =
Time taken by one wave
Time
Wavelength
v = 44.1 =
Time
tl
1 =v
tl = 44.1 But
t
v
It is given that the total time is 3.13 second. So, Wave velocity = Wavelength × Frequency

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102.Radiowaves of speed 3 × 108 m s–1 are reflected off the 106.A ship on the surface of water sends a signal and
Moon and received back on Earth. The time elapsed receives it back after 4 seconds from a submarine inside
between the sending of the signal and receiving it back the water. Calculate the distance of the submarine
at the Earth station is 2.5 s. What is the distance of from the ship (The speed of sound in water is 1450
the Moon from the Earth? m s–1).
Ans : Ans :

d = v# t v = 2d
2 t

d = v # t = 1450 # 4
8
= 3 # 10 # 2.5 2 2
2
8
= 2900 m or 2.9 km
= 7.5 # 10 = 3.75 × 108 m
2
107.A man fires a gun and hears its echo after 5 seconds.
103.(a) A sound wave of wave length 0.33 m has a time The man then moves 310 m towards the hill and fires
period of 10–3 s. If the time period is decreased to his gun again. This time he hears the echo after 3
10–4 s, calculate the wave length and frequency of seconds. Calculate the speed of sound.
the new wave. Ans :
(b) Name the subjective property of sound related to
Let d be the distance between the man and the hill in
its frequency and of light related to its wavelength.
the beginning.
Ans :
v = 2d
(a) l = 0.33 m t

Time taken to travel l , t = 10–3 = 2d .....(1)

5
velocity = l = 0.33 = 300 m s–1 He moves 310 m towards the hill. Therefore, the
t 10-3
distance will be (d – 310) m.
Time period of 2nd wave = 10–4 s
2 ^d - 310h
Therefore, wavelength l = v × t v = .....(2)
3
= 330 × 10–4 = 0.033 m Since, velocity of sound is same, equating (1) and (2),
Frequency = 1 = 1-3 = 103 Hz we get
t
2d = 2 ^d - 310h
10
(b) Pitch is related to the frequency of sound and 5 3
colour is related to the wavelength of light.
3d = 5d – 1550
104.A longitudinal wave of wavelength 1 cm travels in air 2d = 1550
with a speed of 330 ms–1. Calculate the frequency of d = 775 m
the wave. Can this wave be heard by a normal human
being? Velocity of sound (v ) = 2 # 775
5
Ans :
= 310 m s–1
v = nl WWW.CBSE.ONLINE

n = v = 330 = 33,000 Hz
l 0.01 NO NEED TO PURCHASE ANY BOOKS
The sound is not audible to human ear because For session 2019-2020 free pdf will be available at
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105.A person standing between two vertical cliffs and 640 2. Previous Ten Years Exam Paper (Paper-wise).
m away from the nearest cliff shouted. He heard the 3. 20 Model Paper (All Solved).
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Velocity of sound (v ) = 2d = 2 # 640 = 320 m s–1 www.cbse.online is a private organization which provide
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d = v # t = 320 # 7 = 1120 m
2 2
Therefore the distance between the cliffs,
D = 640 + 1120 = 1760 m

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