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Solutions To Practice For Final Exam Math 3400 - Intro To Differential Equations

This document provides 20 multiple choice practice problems and 5 essay problems for a final exam in a differential equations math course. The multiple choice problems are worth 5 points each and cover topics like separable equations, slope fields, Laplace transforms, and power series solutions. The essay problems are worth 10 points each and involve solving differential equations, using reduction of order, Newton's law of cooling, salt concentration in a mixing tank, and solving a spring-mass system with damping and forcing. Students must show all work to receive full credit on the essay problems.

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Muhammad Shoaib Rabbani
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210 views8 pages

Solutions To Practice For Final Exam Math 3400 - Intro To Differential Equations

This document provides 20 multiple choice practice problems and 5 essay problems for a final exam in a differential equations math course. The multiple choice problems are worth 5 points each and cover topics like separable equations, slope fields, Laplace transforms, and power series solutions. The essay problems are worth 10 points each and involve solving differential equations, using reduction of order, Newton's law of cooling, salt concentration in a mixing tank, and solving a spring-mass system with damping and forcing. Students must show all work to receive full credit on the essay problems.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Shoaib Rabbani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solutions to Practice for Final Exam Math 3400

- Intro to Differential Equations


Spring 2012 - Dr. Radu Cascaval

The first 20 (multiple-choice) problems are 5 points each, the remaining 5 (essay) problems are 10 points
each (Show all work to get full credit on the essay problems).
dy
1. (Circle all that apply!) The differential equation x = x − y is
(a) separable, (b) linear, (c) homogeneous, (d) exactdx
Answer: (b), (c), (d)
2. The general solution of the equation x + 5x = 3 is
(a) x(t)= 3 + e−5t (b) x(t)= 3 + C sin 5t (c) x(t)= 3 + Ce−5t (d) x(t)= C cos 3t
5 5
Answer: (c)
3. The following represents the slope field and several solution curves of the equation

(a) x = t(1 − x) (b) x = x(x − 1) (c) x = t2 − t (d) x = x(1 x)


Answer: (d) −

4. A solution of the initial value problem y + 8y = 1 + e−6t is (a)


x(t)= 1 + 1 e8 6t −25 e8t 8
(b) x(t)= 1 +8 e2 − 5 e−8t
1 −6t
8
(c) x(t)= 4 − e2t + 3e8t (d)
−2t −8t
x(t)= 4 − e + 3e
Answer: (b)
5. Two linearly independent solutions of the equation y + y − 6y = 0 are
−3x −2x −x −6x
(a) e and e , (b) e and e , (c) e and e , (d) e and ex
2x 3x 6x

Answer: (a)
6. A particular solution for the differential equation y + 2y + y = 3 − 2 sin x is
(a) A + B sin x
(b) A + Bx2 + C cos x + D sin x
(c) A + Bx cos x + Cx sin x
(d) A + B cos x + C sin x
Answer: (d)
7. The solution of the initial value problem x2 y − xy − 3y = 0, y(1) = 1, y(1) = −2 is (a) 5
x−1 −4 1 x3, (b)4 1 x + 3 x−3
4
, (c) 45 e−x − 1 e3x
4
, (d) 1 e4x + 3 e−3x 4 4
Answer: (a)
8. The Laplace Transform of f (t)= tet sin(2t) is
(a) (s−1)4(s+1)
2 2
(s +4)
4(s−1)
, (b) ((s−1) 2
+4)2
, (c) (s−1)22+4 , (d) 2(s−1)
(s−1)2+4
Answer: (b)
4s+2
9. The inverse Laplace Transform of the function F (s)= is
s2+2s+5
(a) e cos 2t + 2e sin 2t, (b) e cos 2t− 4e sin 2t, (c) 4e−t cos 2t + e−t sin 2t,
−t −t −t −t

(d) 4e−t cos 2t − e−t sin 2t


Answer: (d)
t, 0 ≤ t < 1
10. The Laplace Transform of the function f (t)= is
1−2e 2 1 2e 1 2 1 −s
(a) −s , (b) , (c) − −s , (d) + − e 2 − t, t ≥
1
s2 s s2 s s2 s s2

11. Answer: (a) value problem x + 4x + 13x = t,


For the initial x(0) = −1, x(0) = 1, the Laplace transform
X(s) of the solution x(t) is
(a) s21+4s−s − 3 − 1 +s 1 s2
(b) 1 −s − 1 + 1
s2+4s s s2
(c) - s2+4s+13
s+3 + 2 1 2
s (s +4s+13)
s 1
(d) - +
s2+4s+13 s2(s2+4s+13)
Answer: (c)
12. Thedifferential equation x + 2x− 5x = sin t is equivalent to the system
x=y x = 2x − 5y x=y
(a) , (b) , (c)
y = 5x − 2y + sin t y = sin t y = 2x − 5y + sin t
x = 5x − 2y
(d) y = sin t
Answer: (a)
 − y
x= x 2 + y2
13. The system of differential equations
 x
y = x2 + y 2

is equivalent to a 1st order system consisting of
(a) one equation, (b) two equations, (c) three equations, (d) four equations
Answer: (d)
∞ n
14. The series solution for the the differential equation y + xy + y = 0 is of the form n=0 cn x
has recursion relation
(a) cn+2 + cn+1 + cn = 0, n ≥ 0 (b)
(n + 2)cn+2 + cn = 0, n ≥ 2
(c) ncn+1 − cn = 0, n ≥ 1
(d) cn = 0, n ≥ 3
Answer: (b)
15. The differential equation xy + (x − 2)y + y = 0 has a solution of the form
∞ n
(a) y = x2 n=0 cn x , c0 =0
∞
(b) y = x31/2∞ n
n cn x , c0 = 0
(c) y = x n=0 cn xn=0 , c0 =0
(d) y = x−1 ∞
n=0 cn x
n
, c0 = 0
Answer: (c)
16. (New) The solution of the differential equation (2x − 1)y + 2y = 0, can be represented as a
∞ n
power series n=0 cn x with radius of convergence equal to
∞
(a) 0 (b) 1/2 (c) 1 (d)
Answer: (b)
s+4
17. (New) The partial fraction decomposition of is
(s−1)2(s2+4)
(a) A + Bs+C
(s−1)2 s2+4
(b) A + B + Cs2+D 2
s−1 (s−1) s +4
(c) A + B + C2
s−1 (s−1) s2+4
(d) A + B + Cs2
s−1 (s−1) s2+4
Answer: (b)
18. (New) Which of the following equations can be rearranged into separable equations?
(a) (x + y)y = x − y
(b) y − ey = ex+y
(c) y = ln(xy)
(d) None of the above
Answer: (b)
19. (New) A body with mass m = 1 kg is attached to the end of a spring that is stretched 2 m by a force
of 100 N . It is set in motion with2 initial position x0 = 1 m and initial velocity v0 = −5 m/s. The
position function of the body is given by
(a) x(t)= cos 10t − 12 sin10t
(b) x(t)= cos 5t − sin 5t
(c) x(t)= e−t(cos 9t − 3 sin 9t)
(d) x(t)= e−10t( 1 10cos t − sin t)
Answer: (a)
20. (New) The appropriate form of a particular solution yp of the equation y + 2y + y = e−t is
(a) Ae−t (b) Ate−t (c) At2e−t (d) (A + Bt)e−t
Answer: (c)
The following problems will be graded based on the complete work!! You must show all work to get
full credit.
Problem 1.
(i) Solve the differential equations y = −2xy
(ii) Verify that the equation (x + ) dxx + (y2 + ln x) dy = 0 is exact and solve it!
3 y

Problem 2. Use the method of reduction of order to find a second solution y2(x) for
xy + (x − 2)y + y = 0, x>0
given that y 1 (x)= x3e−x is one solution.

Problem 3. An instrument at an initial temperature of 40 degrees C is placed in a room whose


temperature is 20 degrees C. For the next 5 h the room temperature Q0(t) gradually rises and is given by
Q 0 (t)= 20 + 10t, where t is measured in hours.
(a) Use Newton’s Law of Cooling dTd = −k(T − Q0), with k = 1, to determine the temperature of
the instrument T (t) at any time t > 0.t
(b) Is there any time when the instrument equals the room temperature? Sketch the graph of T
and Q0 on the same plot.
Problem 4. A 400-gal tank initially contains 100 gal of brine containing 50 lb of salt. Brine containing 1
lb of salt per gallon enters the tank at a rate of 5 gals/s, and the well mixed brine in the tank flows out at
a rate of 3 gal/s. How much salt will be the tank contain when it is full of brine?

Problem 5. A spring-mass system (m = 2, k = 10) with damping (c = 8) is initially stretched by


x(0) = 2 and has initial velocity x(0) = 0. The governing differential equation is
mx + cx + kx = f (t)

(a) Determine its subsequent motion x = x(t) if forced by an external force f (t)= 2 cos t.
(b) Determine the amplitude C and phase angle α of the persistent motion found in (a). That is,
write the persistent motion in the form x p (t)= C cos(ωt − α).

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