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Steady Electric Currents

1. The document contains solutions to 5 physics problems involving conductivity, resistance, current density, and drift velocity calculations for different conductor geometries when a voltage is applied. 2. Key steps shown include using the conductivity and geometry to calculate the resistance, then using resistance and applied voltage to calculate current. Current density and electric field are also related through conductivity. 3. Percent change in resistance is calculated for problems involving a conducting disc with a hole drilled through it and a truncated circular cone based on the changed conductor cross-sectional area.

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Phani Kumar
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70 views8 pages

Steady Electric Currents

1. The document contains solutions to 5 physics problems involving conductivity, resistance, current density, and drift velocity calculations for different conductor geometries when a voltage is applied. 2. Key steps shown include using the conductivity and geometry to calculate the resistance, then using resistance and applied voltage to calculate current. Current density and electric field are also related through conductivity. 3. Percent change in resistance is calculated for problems involving a conducting disc with a hole drilled through it and a truncated circular cone based on the changed conductor cross-sectional area.

Uploaded by

Phani Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

A dc voltage of 10 V is applied to the ends of a conducting wire of length 100m and


diameter 2mm. The resulting current is 0.1A. What is the conductivity of the wire?
What is the power dissipation in the wire ? Assuming the electron mobility to be
. Calculate the drift velocity.

Solution :

The Resistance

Also ,

and

                  

            Power Dissipation

                  

            The drift velocity


2. A disc of thickness 't' has radius 'b' and conductivity of the disc material is 'a' . A

central hole of radius is drilled.By what percentage the resistance between the
two flat sides of the disv changes? What is the resistance between the hole and the
rim of the disc.

Solution :
Let R represent the resistance of the disc and be the resistance of the disc with
the hole.

   and     

            and percentage increase in resistance is

            Let the potential difference between the curved surfaces at be V0


such that
            

            Further , from

            In cylindrical coordinates,     

   where A and B are constants.

            We find that        


and       

and       

             The resistance between the hole and the rim of the disc

             Given

3. A truncated circular cone of as shown in the Figure P3.1 below is made up of a


material having conductivity .What is the resistance of the cone between the flat
faces?
      

Figure P3.1

      Solution : With reference to the figure, if is the radius at a distance x          

            then            

                        
            If we consider the resistance between the faces of a thin disc of thickness thin

             The resistance of the truncated cone

            Substituting
and      

4. The current density in a cylindrical conductor of radius 'a' is given by

. If and the total current through the cross section of the wire is
10 A. Calculate the radius of the wire.

Solution : Let us consider the elementary area ds on the cross section of the wire as
shown in the figure P3.2.

Figure P3.2

             The total current

    Evaluating the integral


            We are given that

5. A long round wire of radius 'a' and conductivity is coated with material of
conductivity .the thickness of the coating is 'a' . If the resistance per unit length of
the coated wire is 50 % of that of the uncoated wire, determine in terms of a .Also
determine the ratio of the current densities in the core and the coating and verifies
that the electric field is same in the two parts.

Solution : Let R1be the resistance per unit length of the uncoated wire.

If R2 is the resistance per unit length of the coated wire , then

i.e.

      Now                                                        

            If the total current is I , then


  where I1 is the current through the core and I2 is the current through coating

            If E1 is the electric field magnitude in the core

or

or

Similarly or the coating , if J2 is the current density and E2 is the electric field magnitude

and        

            Hence ,

1. When a d-c voltage of 10 V is applied to ends of a ire conductor of length 100 m and
diameter 1m, 1 A current results. Determine the conductivity of the wire and the
power dissipated in the wire.

2. Consider a metallic bar having conductivity as shown in the figure P.3.3


Figure P.3.3

3. The figure P3.4 shows the cross section of a conductor having conductivity and
length L. Determine the resistance of the conductor.

Figure P3.4

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