Evaluation of added mass and damping

coefficient of an oscillating circular cylinder

M. Rahman and D. D. Bhatta

Department of Applied Mathematics, Technical University of Nova Scotia, Halifax,

Nova Scotia, Canada

An analytical solution to the velocity potential that governs the linear radiation problem is described in
this paper. Special attention is given to determine the close form solutions for the added mass and
damping coefJicient of a large surface-piercing and bottom-mounted vertical circular cylinder under-
going horizontal oscillations in the surge (or sway) motion. High-frequency and low-frequency behavior
are considered separately. Some numerical results are presented and compared with the available
experimental data. The comparison shows good agreement.

Keywords: added mass, damping coeffkients, oscillating cylinder, wave loading

method, or a finite element method. The analytical

Introduction
approach can be applied only for some fundamental
The estimation of hydrodynamic forces on an offshore cases of limited geometry. For the fundamental case of
structure has received considerable attention from de- a vertical circular cylinder, an analytical solution is
signers. To design a structure properly, accurate pre- available in terms of eigenfunction expansions. Yeung’
diction of the hydrodynamic loads on the structure is has used this approach for a freely floating circular
extremely important. The loads associated with the cylinder. He has used an eigenfunction expansion
motion of the structure are examples of one category of method along the lines suggested by Garrett.’ Calisal
hydrodynamic loads. Those loads are present due to and Sabuncu3 extended Yeung’s approach to the case of
various factors, for example, wave excitation, ice im- a freely floating circular cylinder and a submerged
pact, or ground acceleration. If the structure is large cylinder resting on the seabed. Tung4 also has obtained
enough compared with the length of the water particle the results of a submerged circular cylinder resting on
excursion, flow separation will not occur, the drag force the seabed.
component is negligible, and the flow tield can be To predict the added mass and damping coefficient of
treated by classical methods of potential theory. The bodies oscillating in a free surface, there exists a variety
problem can be further simplified by linearizing the of elaborate numerical techniques in the literature.
governing equations with the help of the additional as- Faltinsen and Michelsen,’ Garrison,6 and Fenton’ used
sumption of small amplitude motions. Then an added the traditional wave source distribution method
mass and a damping coefficient, which correspond to (Green’s function method). Bai and Yeung’ and Chen
components that are in phase with the acceleration and and Mei’ used the finite element variational method.
velocity of the structure, respectively, can be used to An analytical solution to the linear wave diffraction
express the resulting hydrodynamic forces. The added problem for the case of a fixed vertical circular cylin-
mass is associated with a mass of fluid that is acceler- der extending from the seabed to the free surface has
ated by the structure due to the generation of surface been derived by MacCamy and Fuchs.” Their results
waves. Of the two approaches available, the numerical are extended by Spring and Monkmeyer,11,‘2 and
approach can be applied to compute hydrodynamic Chakrabarti13 for the cases of other geometrical con-
coefficients for a large structure of arbitrary geometries figurations. A good account of the theoretical devel-
using a boundary integral method, a boundary element opment can be found in the work of Rahman.14 Rah-
man and Chakravartty” have described a second-order
theory applicable to a finite depth case by extending
Address reprint requests to Professor Rahman at the Dept. ofApplied Lighthill’s16 second-order theory for deep water case.
Mathematics, Technical University of Nova Scotia, P.O. Box 1000, Two more papers by Rahman17,‘8 have appeared in the
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3J 2X4.
literature concerning the second-order diffraction the-
Received 12 December 1991; revised 7 May 1992; accepted 8 June ory.
1992 This work investigates the added mass and damping

70 Appl. Math. Modelling, 1993, Vol. 17, February 0 1993 Butterworth-Heinemann

 Added mass and damping coefficient: M. Rahman and 0. 0. Bhatta

coefficient for a vertical surface-piercing circular cylin- system (r, 8, z) with r measured radially from the z-axis
der extending to the seabed and undergoing horizontal and 8 from the positive x-axis. Assuming that the fluid is
oscillations. Investigations into the dynamic response incompressible and the flow is irrotational, the flow can
of structures off the Canadian shore to impulse loading be described by a complex velocity potential 4 that
from floating ice or to earthquake loading have motiva- satisfies the Laplace equation within the fluid region
ted this problem. An analytical solution using an
v2(b = 0 (2)
eigenfunction expansion is obtained for the linear ra-
diation problem. Attention is given to the low-fre- which in the cylindrical coordinate system is equivalent
quency and high-frequency behavior of the hydro- to
dynamic coefficients. Theoretical predictions are
presented in graphical forms and compared with the (3)
available experimental data collected by Isaacson et al.
(private communication, 1990). I9 This velocity potential is subject to kinematic and
dynamic free surface boundary conditions (KFSBC,
Mathematical formulation DFSBC), to bottom boundary condition (BBC), to body
surface boundary condition (BSBC), and to a far field
Here we consider a vertical surface-piercing circular radiation condition (FFRC).
cylinder of radius a that extends to the seabed in water The boundary conditions for this case are as follows:
of depth h as shown in Figure 1. This cylinder undergoes KFSBC:
a sinusoidal, unidirectional motion with displacement
5(t) and velocity u(t) given by NJ
-=_ a77
at z=O (4)
a~ at
DFSBC:
u(t) = UC’”
(5)
where U is the complex velocity amplitude, u is the
excitation frequency, and t is time. Combining these two equations, the free surface condi-
Let (x, y, z) be a Cartesian coordinate system with x tion becomes
measured in the direction of wave motion, and z mea-
sured vertically upward from the still water level (SWL) a24
dfl+g!$=O at z=O
and coinciding with the axis of the cylinder in equilib- (6)
rium position. We consider the cylindrical coordinate
BBC:

a4
-=O at z=-h (7)
az
BSBC:

w
-=V,, at r=a,-hszsq (8)
ar
FFRC:

lirirfi($-ikg)=O (9)

where n is the complex free surface elevation above the

h SWL produced due to the oscillation of the cylinder, k is
the wavenumber, g is the acceleration due to gravity,
and V,, is the velocity of the cylinder surface that is
normal to the surface. V, may be expressed as

h v, = ucos Be-‘“’ (10)

where 8 is the angle between the normal and the hori-

zontal x (or y) direction.

Solution of the velocity potential

////////////////////////////////
”
SEABED Equation (3) is solved by the method of separation of
variables. The given partial differential equation is con-
Figure 1. Definition sketch for a vertical cylinder. verted into several ordinary differential equations. The

Appl. Math. Modelling, 1993, Vol. 17, February 71

Added mass and damping coefficient: M. Rahman and 0. 0. Bhatta
final solution can be expressed as a product of the it can easily be shown by applying the BBC, a4,/az = 0
solutions of the ordinary differential equations, each of at z = -h, that
which is an equation containing only one of the indepen-
sinh kh
dent variables. Thus the product solution can be written D=Cp (17)
as cash kh
#+-, 8, z, t) = R(rM@Z(z)T(t) (11) Thus equation (16) becomes
where R(r) is a function of Yonly, e(0) depends only on cash k(z + h)
8, Z(z) depends only on z, and T(t) varies only with time. (18)
‘(‘) = ’ cash kh
Because 4 is oscillatory with respect to time, we can
assume T(t) to be proportional to e-‘“‘. With this information, then, the free surface bound-
Referring to the work of Bhatta and Rahman2’ the ary condition (6) gives rise to the condition
velocity potential 4 may be expressed in terms of an a2 = gktanhkh (19)
eigenfunction expansion that satisfies Laplace’s equa-
tion and all relevant boundary conditions stated above which is known as the linear dispersion relation. Here k
except that on the body surface. This solution for 4 can is the wavenumber and can be regarded as the eigen-
be decomposed into two parts namely +A and & such value. The transcendental equation (19) has only one
that the first corresponds to the propagating mode of eigenvalue; and hence corresponding to the eigenvalue
solution whereas the second represents the evanescent k, there is only one eigenfunction Z(z). It will be clear
mode. Now we give some details of the derivation of 4A: from the evanescent mode of solutions that we are going
From equations (3) and (1 I), we get to consider next that the solution of Z- differential
equation forms an orthogonal set of eigenfunctions
I”
- + -R’(r) + e”(e) I -nz) _ o {Z,(z)}, n = 0, 1,2, . . . , defined in the interval -h 5
R(r) W-) r28( 0) Z(z) z 5 0.
It is convenient then to form orthonormal eigenfunc-
where a prime denotes differentiation with respect to tions from the solutions of Z(z) functions. From the
the argument. Introducing separation constants m and orthonormal property of the eigenfunctions, we can
k, we can write this equation as write
_R”(r) + ---
R’(r) m2
+k2=0 (12)
0

rR(r) r2
R(r)
cl” + m2e = 0 (13)
I Z2(z)dz=
-h
1

z” - ,@Z = () or
(14)
0
Only m2 2 0 will contribute to physical solutions in this
case. C2 cosh2 k(z + h)dz = cosh’kh
/
h

so that
Propagating mode of solutions: (k2 > 0)
cash kh
The solutions of the ordinary differential equations (12), C=-
(20)
(13), and (14) for k2 > 0 are as follows: Particular Do
solutions ofR- differential equations can be of the forms where
J, (kr), Y, (kr), HL(kr), and II:( where the first two
are the Bessel functions of the first and second kind and sinh 2kh
Do = (21)
order m respectively; and the last two are the Hankel 2kh
functions of the tirst and second kind and order m,
respectively. Similarly 9- differential equation gives Thus the solution (15) can be restated as follows:
rise to the solutions cos me and sin me; and Z- differen- 4A (r, 8, Z, 6 = aOm cos mf9fo(z)Hj,Jkr)e-“’ (22)
tial equation to cash kz and sinh kz.
A general solution for the propagating mode can be where
obtained by a suitable combination of all these particu- cash k(z + h)
lar solutions, fo(Z) = D (23)
0

+A (r, 8, Z, t) = B cos me(Ccosh kz and aorn is the unknown complex coefficient.

+ D sinh kz)HjJkr)e-‘“’ (15)
where B, C, and D are arbitrary constants. It is to be Evanescent mode of solutions: (kz < 0)
noted here that this form of solution satisfies the far field
For the evanescent mode of solution when k2 < 0, the
radiation condition stated by equation (9).
differential equations (12), (13), and (14) give rise to the
Denoting
following solutions:
Z(z) = C cash kz + D sinh kz (16) Particular solutions of the R- differential equations

72 Appl. Math. Modelling, 1993, Vol. 17, February

 Added mass and damping coefficient: M. Rahman and D. D. Bhatta

can be of the forms: Z,(~,U) and K,(k,r), where they

are defined as the modified Bessel functions of first b(r, 6, z, t> = 5 [a,,K,
n=l
(k, rlf, (z)] cos rnee-‘“’
and second kind and order m, respectively. Similarly
(2%
Z- differential equation gives rise to the solutions
cos k, z and sin k, z. However, 8- differential equation where
gives rise to the same solution as before. cos k,(z + h)
A general solution for the evanescent mode can be f,(z) = D (30)
obtained by a suitable combination of all these particu- n
lar solutions: and (Y,, are the unknown complex coefficients.
&(r, 8,z,t) = Bcosm0(Ccosk,z
+ D sin k, z)K, (k, r)e-‘“’ (24) Estimation of added mass and
where B, C, and D are arbitrary constants. damping coeffkient
Equation (24) satisfies the far field radiation condi- Superposing all the solutions given by equations (22)
tion. and (29) for each m, we can write the total velocity
Proceeding in a similar manner, and using the BBC potential +(r, 8, z, t) as follows:
(7), we obtain
Z(z) = Ciosk,,z + Dsink,z +(r, 8, z, t) = $j [+, cos mole-‘“’ (31)
cos k, (z + h) m=O
=C
cos k,h (25) where
Thus using condition (6), the dispersion relation in
this case becomes
H!&WfO(z) + 5 a,, &, (k, r)f, (z)
4, = (Yom
n=l
o2 - -gk,tank,h (26) (32)
Equation (26) has an infinite number of roots, in other Here aorn and (Y,, are initially unknown complex
words, an infinite number of eigenvalues k,, II = 1, coefficients. From equations (8), (lo), and (3 l), we ob-
2 . . . Corresponding to each eigenvalue, there is an tain
eigknfunction Z,,(z). It can easily be shown that the set
of functions {Z,,(z)}, n = 0, 1, 2 . . . (0 includes the
propagating mode) is an orthogonal set defined in the
interval -h 5 z 5 0.

1
Thus as before an orthonormal set will be given by
using the property,
+ 2 k,a nmKk(k, a)f, (z) cos mt9 = U cos 8 (33)
fl=l
where the prime denotes differentiation with respect to
z:(z)dz = 1 (27 ) the argument.
-h For m = 1, equation (33) becomes
from which
kao,H%hfo(z) + 2 kOGk~)f,(z) = ,!.J
cask h n=l
C=.---.lL
D, (34)
where
It is to be noted here that the set of functions f,(z), rz =
0,1,2,. . . is an orthonormal set defined in -h I z 5 0.
D,= dm (28) Therefore, to obtain the unknown complex coefficients
(Ye,and LY,,~, we multiply both sides of equation (34) by
Thus superposing all the solutions, we can restate _fj(z)forj = 0, 1,2, . . . , and integrate with respect to z
solution (24) as over (-h, 0), which yields

0 0

ka,,~:'(Wfo(z) + 2 knanIK;(knu)fn (Z)1 fj (ZWZ= J U.fj(ZMZ

n=l
(35)
-h

Hence forj = 0 and j = II, respectively, we have 0

0 k~,,K’,(k, a) = U j- f, (zMz (37)

ka,,H:‘(ku) = U f,(z)dz (36)
-h
I
-h Thus

Appl. Math. Modelling, 1993, Vol. 17, February 73

Added mass and damping coefficient: M. Rahman and 0. 0. Bhatta

u O where
a - fo(z)dz
O’- kH;‘(ku) /_h sinh kh
do = ~ (43)
kDo
u sinh kh
(38) sin k,, h
= kH ;‘(ka) kD, d,, = (44)
and k,D,
This radiated force F can be decomposed into compo-
u sin k h nents in phase with the velocity and the acceleration of
----lf_,n= 1,2,... (39)
a,’ = k,K;(k,a) k,D, the structure in the following manner.
Thus with the evaluation of these coefficients, the total ILa2m I Aago
velocity potential given in equation (31) is completely
known to us. So we can proceed to find the radiated
F = _

( dr2 dr >
(45)

force as follows: where p and A are the total added mass and damping
The linearized unsteady form of Bernoulli’s equation coefficients, respectively, and are considered real.
is Now from equations (l), (42), and (45) we get

p$+,=o (40) p( -icrU) + AU = iapar a,,H~(ka)d,

From this equation we get the hydrodynamic pressure

at any point in the fluid.

p(r, 8, z, t) = -p$ =iup&-, 8, z, t) (41) or, p(++ih= -cTparr

H:(W d2

kH:‘(ku) ’

n1
The total horizontal hydrodynamic radiated force on m K&k,4
the cylinder is given by +x
,=~kG(k,4
d2

0 2?r
The dimensionless added mass and damping coefficient
F= -p(a, 0, z, t)cos OadOdz can be obtained by equating the real and imaginary parts
/I
-h 0 of the following equation:
0 277
A
=- iapa ~$(a, 0, z, t) cos Odedz &+i - = -[Y] (46)
/I pa3 pa3u
-h 0
where
Because of the presence of the cos 8 term in this double

1(kn
4’WC,
a)
1
integration, we perform the O-integration first, col- - k,d2 K,(k,a)
lecting the terms in ~$corresponding to m = 1 containing + CAP (47 )
n=
the cos 8 term. Therefore
0 277
Thus we have,
F= -icrpa c”olH ;(k&fo(z) CL
JJ[
- = -Re[Y] (48)
-h 0
pa3
+ 2
II=1
a,,K,(k,a)f,(z)
1COST eciurdedz

sinh kh
-
pa3a
A
= -Zm[Y] (49)

= - iupa de cto,H ;(ka) - Because the terms associated with K, are real, from
kDo equations (49) and (48) we can write the corresponding

1
P o dimensionless damping coefficient and added mass
sin k h _i(Tt
+ X a,IK,(k,a) n e
n=l k,D,
-=
A
-?r-
kd2 zm H #a)
(50)
pa3u (ka)’ H :‘(ka)
Thus
and

1
m k,d2 K,(k,a)
+ ZAP

1
.=l(k,a)2Kl(k,a)
+ 2 cy,,K,(k,a)d, e-‘“’ (42)
ll=l

74 Appl. Math. Modelling, 1993, Vol. 17, February

 Added mass and damping coefficient: M. Rahman and D. D. Bhatta
357
where kdi is a function of kh, and k, d ‘, are functions of
k,h.
,i
( )
y-4

These two coefficients are numerically evaluated H;(Y) _ G

and presented in graphical form. In the following sec- Hi’(Y) (2iv _ l)ei(y-$)
tion we will discuss the asymptotic behavior of these
two coefficients for high- and low-frequency waves. 2YG
E- i as y-+w

H#4 _I
Asymptotic forms of the damping coefficient for
Thus we have
high and low frequencies

For high frequency

The dispersion equation (19) can be rewritten as
lim Zm -
ka-+m
1
[ H :‘(ka)
=

Hence for high frequency, the dimensionless

(53)

damping
coefficient becomes
kh tanh kh = a2h
g

ka tanh kh = fi
n
(-a(- 9
ii&-=
2rr
ZZ-
Thus for large values of u, both kh and ka are large. (ka)* (54)
From equation (50), we get
For low frequency
-= A -- v k&.zm H:(ka) (52) For deep water and intermediate depth water, equa-
pa3u (ka)’ H t’(ka)
tion (19) implies that when ka is very small, g will also
Also we have be very small. However, for small values of U, equa-
sinh* kh tion (19) also implies that for shallow water, that is
kd; = when kh goes to zero, (+ + 0 for gk # 0. Thus we can
kD;
present the following analysis for the low-frequency
2 tanh kh case when both kh and ka become very small:
zz
2kh
1-t (ka) tanh kh = *
sinh 2kh g
=2
as kh -+ ~0,tanh kh + 1 and 2khlsinh 2kh + 0. Again we 3 (ka)(kh) = @
know that for large y

Thus we get u -+ 0 + ka+ 0 or h/a + 0. Considering the

case for ka + 0 and kh + 0, we can write as follows

1
-=
A
--
2 tanh kh zm H:(ka)
(55)
Thus pa3u (k:)‘. 2kh [ H i’(ka)
It-
sinh 2kh
Thus as kh + 0, tanh kh + kh, and sinh 2khl2kh + 1. So
2 tanh kh
+.2kh=kh (56)
. 2kh 2
It-
sinh 2kh
Hence we write Also we know

H;(Y) = J,(Y) + iydy)

H;'(Y) = J;(Y) + iYi(y)
H;(Y) J,(Y) + iY,(y).C(y) - iYi(y)
+ -=
H;‘(Y) 4(y) + iYXy) J;(Y) - iY;(y)
_ [J~b)Jl(y) + Y,(y)Y;(y)l + i[J;(y)Y,(y) - J,(y)Y;(y)]
C(Y) + G2(Y)

Appl. Math. Modelling, 1993, Vol. 17, February 75

Added mass and damping coefficient: M. Rahman and D. D. Bhatta
Hence we have Asymptotic forms of added mass for high and low
frequencies
Im HKY) JKY)Y,(Y) - J,(Y)YKY)
For high frequency
- =

[ H!'(Y) 1 Ji2(Y) + G2(Y)

The dispersion equation (26) can be rewritten as
= - YXY)J,(Y) - Y,(Y)JXY)
Ji2(Y) + G2(Y) k,htank,,h = -(+2h
g
2
=--
WLG2(Y) + r(Y)1 k,a tank,h = -(+2a
g
In deriving this result, we have used the Wronskian As ka -+ ~0we have Re[ H f(ka)lH :‘(ka)] = 0. So from
property of the Bessel functions Y;(y)J,(y) - J;(y)Y,(y) equation (51) we can write
= 2/1ry. For y + 0, fixed m, we know that
-=P -%-
0‘d2g [g+gyy)]
- (59)

= 02
Yrn pa3 1

J,,,(Y) Forlargecr,wehavek,h=r/2(2n - l),n = 1,2,. . . ,

r(m + 1) so
sin* k h
Y,(y)= --
r(m) Y
-
-m k,d;=A
k,D5,
77 0 2
sin* k, h
=
where T(m) is defined as T(m) = J;e-‘t”-’ dt and is
known as the gamma function. For m = 1, we get !Q(l+e$L)
2
J,(Y) =;
=-k,,
as sin k, h + 5 1 and sin 2k, h 4 0 for large U. Thus we
Yl(Y) = -; get the first asymptotic form for the added mass as

P
-_=
So we can write

1 (60)
pa3

7r2
1
= -- 16 0 -h2” c [ 1 K,(k,a)
+%1= -_,(;)‘:(2& a n=l (2n - l)‘KXk,a)

It is to be noted here that this asymptotic form is valid

when (+ is large, in other words, when ka is large but for
(57) any moderate values of h/a. In the following we will
investigate another asymptotic form of the added mass
given by equation (5 1) when ka is very large and h/a is
very small. We know for large y,
From equation (55) we can express the dimensionless -
damping coefficient as follows K,(y) =
d
JLe-y
2Y
A
-pa3a = -&(yyT$y;a)4, Hence
emy

K,(Y) _ 6
7r*(kh)(ka) K;(Y) epy
GeeY + -
26
= ,[I + &(?)“I
Y
-- 2Y
T*k*ha = 2y+l
-_-
2 2
z--z -1
=$(ka)* (t) (58) 2+’
Y

76 Appl. Math. Modelling, 1993, Vol. 17, February

 Added mass and damping coefficient: M. Rahman and D. D. Bhatta

as y + m. For large (+, k, a is also large. So when k, a is ka. On the other hand the dimensionless added mass
large and h/a is small, we can write the second asymp- contains terms such as K,(k, a) and K;(k, a). For higher
totic form of dimensionless added mass as follows values of ka, it is not easy to compute the correspond-
ing k,a’s. We have used the Cyber computer at the
P
_Z- 16 -h*” 1 Technical University of Nova Scotia to compute these
c
pa’ 5r2 0 a ,,,(2n - 1)’ coefficients using the commercially available IMSL li-
2
brary. Considerable difficulties have been encountered
f 1.705109 h (62) in computing the added mass for higher frequencies
0a than the corresponding computation of the damping
coefficient. This difficulty is primarily due to the singu-
It has been found experimentally that the asymptotic lar nature of the equation ku tanh kh = - k, a tan k, h
equation (62) is valid only when ka is very large and h/a for a given ka and kh. This is encountered when we
is much less than 0.125. However, it is worth men- compute its infinite number of eigenvalues. Figure 2
tioning here that in most engineering applications a depicts the damping coefficients (analytical as well as
value for the parameter h/a less than 0.125 is of little
importance.

For low frequency

As u + 0 we already know that both kh and ka tend
toward zero. Also we know that for y + 0 5
- ANALYTICAL
- --- HIGH FREQUENCY APPROXIMATION

&
-
Hi(Y) =
JdYVXY) + YI(Y)YXY)
4
[ H:'(Y) 1 J;*(Y) + y;'(Y)

vl
L__ --
22
-22 “yv2
4
‘+-
4 7T2y4
= -Y
Also we have
sinh’ kh
k&=
kD;
2 tanh kh Figure2. Dimensionless damping coefficient as a function of ka
2kh for various values of h/a. - analytical ----- high-frequency
l+ approximation.
sinh 2kh
2kh
2

= kh
For small (T, k,h = m,

k,,dt, =
sin’ k, h
sin 2k,h
(n = 1, 2, . . .), so we get

E 0 (63)
Lh,_
_I_:::::----
- - - - ,HIGH FREOUENCY APPROXMATDN

2k, h

Thus we have

k_ 2.0 ----- ------ ------------_

------------------------
(W ---------_--__----------
10 15 20 25
ka
Numerical results and discussion
Figure3. Dimensionless added mass as a function of ka for vari-
The dimensionless damping coefficient involves terms ous values of h/a. -analytical ----- high-frequency approx-
such as H :(ku), H i’(ka), and terms containing kh and imation.

Appl. Math. Modelling, 1993, Vol. 17, February 77

Added mass and damping coefficient: M. Rahman and 0. 0. Bhatta

asymptotic) as a function of ka for various values of values of h/u are shown in Figure 3. For small values of
h/a; they are 5.0, 2.0, 1.0, and 0.5. Results show that ku or more specifically for zero frequency, this co-
for all h/a, the analytical curves increase sharply as ka efficient takes the value given in equation (64). This
increases for small values of ka. For intermediate coefficient increases until it reaches its maximum at
values of ku, these curves start decreasing with the in- around ku = 0.5, then decreases till ku = 1.8. After that
creasing values of ku. It has been found that the de- it slowly increases to its high-frequency asymptotic
creasing rate is very slow after ku reaches 2 and ap- value given in equation (60). As mentioned earlier, the
proaches zero as ku + ~0. For small values of ku, the second asymptotic value given by equation (62) is sel-
damping coefficient is very small as given in equation dom used in engineering practice. Of course, for aca-
(58) and it is zero when ku = 0. demic interest this may be useful for values of h/u less
Analytical and asymptotic curves of the dimen- than 0.125.
sionless added mass as functions of ku for different Comparison of experimental data collected by
Isaacson et al.19 with the analytical solutions of the
damping coefficient and added mass are shown in
6 Figures 4 and 5 respectively. Figure 4 is concerned
with the comparison of experimental data of the damp-
ing coefficient with those of analytical expression (50),
5 whereas the comparison of experimental data of the
added mass with those of analytical results (51) is
shown in Figure 5. These comparisons are made using
4 the value of h/u = 3.57, and the comparisons show
good agreement.
t)
“g 3
.z
Conclusion
2 This study concerns the analytical solution for the
added mass and damping coefficient of a large surface-
piercing circular cylinder extending to the seabed. It is
1
assumed that the cylinder undergoes horizontal oscilla-
tions due to ice impact or ground acceleration. The ana-
lytical solution has been obtained by using the eigen-
0
function expansion procedure initially demonstrated
by Garrett,2 and later used by Yeung.’ Asymptotic
values of the added mass and damping coefficient for
Figure 4. Comparison of experimental data with theoretical re- the high and low frequencies are evaluated, and these
sults for damping coefficient. -analytical; o o o experimental.
results are plotted along with the actual analytical solu-
tions. Comparison with experimental data indicates
good agreement over a range of frequencies.
.-
This is a preliminary study in which we present the
result for a very classical problem of a circular cylinder.
16-
Our future aim is to extend the theoretical technique to
- ANALYTICAL complex problems. Numerical techniques such as
0 0 0 EXPERIMENTAL
Green’s function method and the boundary element
method will be used to predict the possible solutions of
the problem when analytical solutions are not readily
IO-
available.
%
Q
1
a-
”
”
Acknowledgment
6- 0
The authors are grateful to the Natural Sciences and
4-
Engineering Research Council of Canada and the De-
partment of Fisheries and Oceans, Ottawa, Canada, for
financial support to carry out this work. One of the au-
thors (DDB) is thankful to the Oil and Natural Gas
Commission, Dehradun, India, for granting him a leave
2 4 6 6 of absence to pursue higher studies abroad. Thanks are
ka
due to the referees for their constructive suggestions,
Figure 5. Comparison of experimental data with theoretical re- which help clarify some of the points contained in the
sults for added mass. -analytical; o o o experimental. paper.

78 Appl. Math. Modelling, 1993, Vol. 17, February

 Added mass and damping coefficient: M. Rahman and D. D. Bhatta
Engineering Conference, Copenhagen, 1974, Vol. 3, pp.
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Appl. Math. Modelling, 1993, Vol. 17, February 79