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TRANSPO Fundamental Principles of Traffic Flow 2

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Carl Harvey Saludes
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8K views11 pages

TRANSPO Fundamental Principles of Traffic Flow 2

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Carl Harvey Saludes
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Eg 1.) Determining Flow, Density, Tine Mean Speed and Space Mean Speed Figure shows vehicles traveling at constant speeds on a two-lane highway between sections X and Y with their positions and speeds obtained at an instant of time by photography. An observer located at point X observes the four vehicles passing point X during a period of T see. The velocities of the ‘vehicles are measured as 45, 45, 40, and 30 mi/h, respectively. Calculate the flow, density, time mean speed, and space mean speed. 15,20" 30 20) 35) 20 as SS" 30m 40a 45min ow 45 mith Digestion “ a) Flow, 4, | nx Suoo a= 7 » 4x se09 7 EEC FEE ey e rb Aven _ S2e0pt S00—t ~ Teile © TIME MEAN SPEED, ay es EM, 304 404 454 46 palit 4 d) SPACE MEAN SPEED, ag ne a Sorry Re 3S.5i9men] + - ig 2) Tire Mean Speed. Space Mean Spe, Variance ofthe Space Distribution of Specs Three cars travel over a 60 m section of highway at constant speeds of 19, 20 and 25 m/s, (a) Compute the ime mean speed for this condition. (b) Compute the space mean speed for this condition (© Compute the variance of the space distribution of speeds, Eg 3,) Tine Mean Spe Space Mea Spd nd Stand Deviation fhe Space Distrito of Spats [What is the standard deviation if the space mean speed of a certain car 1s 20, [m/s and its time mean speed is 22 m/s. Eg 4) Space Mean Speed Versus Time The following data were taken on five vehicles traveling a 1.5 km portion of the NLEX. Determine the space mean speed in kph. Vehicles Time (minute) 1 12 az 10 3 14 4 43 5 4 42 BS stRDARD DEVIATION, & @) TIME, MED SPEED, de ty. S8 _ 19t 2026 &. Ss Wee ars 2 sare] ©) SPACE Mem SPEEDS, ae: 4 SPaCE MpEN SPEED, us 24 SUS em) MY ei (TRF VOVIA NS HH win * [ease] © vaRwnce, a2 wee % 3B Ss aise aos + FEE eee BOTT] Eg 5) Space Mean Speed Versus Distance From the following data of a freeway surveillance there are 5 vehicles under obseravtion and the following distances are the distance each vehicle had. traveled when observed every 2 seconds, Compute the space mean speed in. kph Vehicles Distance (m) 1 24g —= 122mg 2 258 —+ 2.8%. 3 247 —= 38% 4 269 —= Bases 5 229 —- sem Fg 6) Space Mean Speed Versus Spot Speed There are four vehicles issing through the portion of the South Super ‘Highway in acertain period of time. Compute the space mean speed in kph, ‘Vehicles Spot Speed (kph) 1 434 435 448 Eg 7) Tine Mean Speed Versus Time The following travel times were observed for 5 vehicles traveling a one km segment of the NLEX, Its required to determine the time mean speed of these vehicles Vehicles Time (minute) 1.19 122 1.38 148, 181 Eg 8) Space Mean Speed versus Time Headway There are 9 vehicles observed in a 300 m section of McArthur highway. If the average time headway is 4sec., compute the space mean speed of the vehicles in kph. 47 Te Ween corso, ay a wa, sm Tig} V2 faye Sa Ree ae BO SPACE MEAN SPREO, dy = DENSI. oe Ke 30h fm = TRarme HON a gy lve Be00s Asc ie = 9°0 ven/m = SPACE WiraMt SOEED, A qr kl geo > 30h) Eg 9) Time Mean Speed Versupot Speed and Time Four vehicles passing through the SLEX has the following observation. ‘Determine the time mean speed. Vehicles Time of passing (sec) Spot Speed (kph) 1 18 55.40 2 60 56.00 = 80 53.60 4 120 4890 Bg 10) Standard Deviation The following data were obtained from a freeway surveillance of 5 vehicles passing through a certain point of the freeway with the individual spot speeds. Determine the standard deviation of the space distribution of speed. Vehicles Spot Speed (kph) 41.08 4851 5064 46.82 44.14 anene HO TIME Mean SPEED, Oy, Zu; | SSAC 1 Su.04 $3.04 48.90 dee SY f= S3.G7S ten WO STANDARD DENATON, o:, MME Mean SIERO, i ay = ANOS + SOS) V50.u4 tau. 82 FadIg ee TES SOS) A eee We SE a Oy + 4u-23049n = seace Wipen CeEED a & : 5 aesi + Boog Ga 40.30% tam ~ sranosec CEMATON, Uae ds + Bt ects, ‘art 3aH 40.23: 48.991 4. Eg 11.) Density of Traffic Versus Time Mean Speed and Space Mean Speed ‘Two sets of students are collecting traffic data at the two sections A and B 200 ‘meters apart along a highway. Observation at A shows that 5 vehicles ass that section at intervals of 8.18 sec., 9.09 sec., 10.23 sec., 11.68 sec. and 13.64 sec. respectively. If the speeds of the vehicles were 80, 72, 64, 56 and 48 kph, ‘compute the following: {a) Density of trafic in veh/km {(b) Time mean speed in kph (©) Space mean speed in kph, 1 a> DENSITY, K ~~ Se B20. [eZee] ©) Te Wino SPREO, Gy Gas COLT A AS SUT Vehicies anene an a) DENEMY = We-UUT ven/eom Eg 12) Density, Space Mean Speed, Flow of Trafic From the following data ofa freeway surveillance, there are5 vehicles counted for a length of 300 m, and the following positions are observed on two ‘Photographs taken 2 seconds apart, the distance “S” that each vehicle travel {a} Compute the density of flow in vehicles/km. {(©) Compute the space mean speed in kph {6} Compute the flow of traffic in veh/he Position + (em) 268.3 2184 1750 143.2 952 'b) SPACE MEaN SPEED i a Altus eeh ) Roma. 4 69. O81 Ven/he Position 2 (my 2927 234.2 1997 170.4 1184 s (rm) 244 188 247 269 29 Fg 13) Lane Occuancy and Density of Trafic Since itis not possible to measure density directly at a point, a measure called LANE OCCUPANCY has been developed for freeway surveillance. If six vehicles are distributed along a highway 300 m long have lengths of 5.48 m, 6 1m, 137 m, 4.6 m, 5.4m, and 67 m respectively, compute the density of traffic in veh/km. Lane Occupancy is the ratio of sum of the lengths of the vekicles to the length of the road section in which those whicles are present. Eg 14,) Volume of Traffic ‘The spacing of the cars moving along the same lane of an expressway is 40m center to center. If the average velocity of the car is 80 kph, determine the volume of traffic. 1Eg.15,) Peak Hour Factor Compute the peak hour factor if the hourly volume of traffic is 1800 vehicles/hour and the highest 15 min volume is 750 Peak Hour Factor (PHP) = ameasure of traffic demand fluctuations within the peak the hourly volume during the maximum volume hour day divided by the peak 15-minute flow rate within the hour. HS Denemy OF TRAFFIC, K FS PHE LA CcumaNy, R paps __Novely vel sveniebe Leet CA mex Veil) Lei eas neo En {SAB ret Tt Ab S447 _ A209, 300 A050) BS ete z eer, = G.9em ~ PENSAY jee LANE Ceuouncy Ate Yeticte Length 9.1390 © 9 emi 4 VOLOME OF TRAPRC, o No. OF Vehicle per Kilometer 1900 woe Catal ie iy) Atelodiys Yen ir Venu Volume of teerric® Veh/or Jeon, VOLOE tre” * 25 veyam Ne-oF = 2000 vente] = carmony /voLume, © c= 1200Y _ 1900120) Ee 30) en Eg 16,) Peak Hour Factor and Density Hourly Volume ‘The table show's a 15 minute volume counts during the peak hour on an approach of an intersection. ‘Volume of Traffic 375 380 6:30-6:45 PM, 412 ‘6:45-7:00 PM. 390 {@) Determine the peak hour volume {(b) Determine the peak hour factor (6) Determine the design hourly volume (DHV) of the approach, Me a) PHY 7S 132 +412 + 290 PuN= 1657 ver] > PHF * tss7 Snacks PHF = 0.945 ©} Dav pew PAF \ss7 OS Eg 17) Peak Hour Factor From the flow rate occuring during one hour in a portion of the freeway, compute the 5 min peak hour factor. “Comarton, — Flwrate Smin. 16 S min. 4 min. 18 min. 8 Smin. 2 S min. 28 Smin. 23 5 min. Sin. #7 Sein PRE = PW — Pare au was PAF S 6705) pares Fg 18) Capacity of Roads Private cars are moving at an average speed of 60 kph along, an Expressway. The cars have maintained an equal spacing of 16 m center to center, Calculate the capacity of the single lane in vehicles/hr. Fg 19.) Capacity of Roads ‘Acar has an average speed of 50 kph and a length of 4.2 m. The car is moving along a single lane roadway. If the driver's reaction time is 0.80 sec,, compute the capacity of the single lane in vehicles/hour. Eg 20.) Time Headkoay |Compute the minimum time headway for cars moving at an average of 60 kph. The average length of the caris 45 m. Reaction time is 0.70 sec. WAS cavacty,c 420 MM TE HEADSAY, hy WOODY | IE9OKes) = Spacing, s = Wexcesveoney +4¢ BIS @Araay,c Care. Center teoruber oe aes SevE He > Cembhy Oe MAE Pronk = SOCEPY(COR) + 4:2 ce EEG eee oe ape

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