LESSON PLAN

ON
DIABETES MELLITUS

PRESENTED BY
SWATILEKHA DAS
 TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING AV AIDS EVALUATION
OBJECTIVES LEARNING
ACTIVITIES
1 Group will be able to INTRODUCTION Lecture White board, marker
min introduce the topic. Diabetes is a condition that results pen
from lack of the hormone insulin in a
person's blood, or when the body has a
problem using the insulin it produces
(insulin resistance).

1 To explain the brief BRIEF ANATOMY OF Lecture White board, marker

min anatomy of pancreas. PANCREAS pen
The pancreas is a long, slender organ,
most of which is located posterior to
the bottom half of the stomach. The
pancreas has an endocrine function.
Its pancreatic islets—clusters of cells
formerly known as the islets of
Langerhans—secrete the hormones
glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, and
pancreatic polypeptide (PP).

1min. To define the topic. DEFINITION OF DIABETES Lecture cum discussion. White board, marker. What is Diabetes
MELLITUS Mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus is a group of
metabolic disorders characterized by
elevated levels of blood
glucose(hyperglycemia) resulting from
defects in insulin production &
secretion, decreased cellular response
to insulin or both.
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4 min To Describe the PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF Lecture cum Chart What is the
pathophysiology of DIABETES MELLITUS discussion. pathophysiology of
Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus?

4 min To describe the types TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS Lecture cum White board, marker. What are the types of
of Diabetes Mellitus. 1. Type 1 (Insulin Dependent discussion. Diabetes Mellitus?
Diabetes Mellitus)- 5-10%
patients have type 1 diabetes.
2. Type 2(formerly Non-Insulin
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus)-
90-95% patients have type 2
diabetes.

2 min To list down the risk RISK FACTORS Discussion. White board, marker. What causes Diabetes
factors. Mellitus?
o Obesity
o Race
o Hypertension
o Physical activity
o Familial history
o Gestational diabetes

2 To list out the clinical CLINICAL MANIFSTATIONS Lecture cum Flash Cards What are the clinical
min manifestations of o Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia discussion. manifestations of
Diabetes Mellitus. o Fatigue, weakness, sudden vision Diabetes Mellitus?
changes, tingling or numbness in
hands or feet, dry skin, sores that
heal slowly and recurrent
infection
o Onset of type 1 diabetes may be
associated with nausea, vomiting,
or stomach pains
o Increased blood glucose level
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2 To enumerate the DIAGNOSTIC TESTS Lecture cum discussion. White board and marker What are the
Min description of each diagnostic tests of
diagnostic tests. 1. Fasting plasma glucose Diabetes Mellitus?
tolerance test
2. Oral glucose tolerance
test(OGTT)
3. Glycosylated
Hemoglobin(HbA1c)
4. Urinalysis(Glycosuria,
Ketone bodies)
5. Urine for
Protein/microalbuminuria-
Dipstick method

4 min To explain the MANAGEMENT Discussion White board and marker What are the
management of 1. MEDICAL TREATMENT management of
Diabetes Mellitus. Type 1- Insulin Diabetes Mellitus?
Type 2 – Oral Hypoglycemic agents

2. NUTRITIONAL
MANAGEMENT

3. EXERCISE

1 min To list out the COMPLICATIONS OF Discussion White board and marker What are the
complications of DIABETES MELLITUS complications of
Diabetes Mellitus. o Diabetic Ketoacidosis Diabetes Mellitus?
o Hypoglycemia
o HHNS (Hyperglycemic
Hyperosmolar Nonketotic
Syndrome)
TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING AV AIDS EVALUATION
OBJECTIVES LEARNING
ACTIVITIES
1 min To describe the PREVENTION Lecture White board, marker What are the
prevention. For obese patients especially those pen. prevention & health
with type 2 Diabetes: weight loss is education of Diabetes?
the key to treatment and the major
preventive factor the development of
Diabetes.

2 min To describe the Health HEALTH EDUCATION Lecture cum discussion White board, marker
Education of Diabetes. o Assess learning needs pen.
o Explain surviving skills
o Counseling
o Home care management

3 min To describe the NURSING MANAGEMENT Lecture cum discussion White board, marker What are the Nursing
nursing management Assessment pen. management of
Diagnosis Diabetes Mellitus?
Goal
Plan of Intervention
Expected outcome

1 To summarize the SUMMARIZATION

min topic. Today, we have discussed about
brief anatomy, etiological factors,
pathophysiology, clinical
manifestations, assessment , medical
management , nursing management,
of Diabetes Mellitus.
1
min To conclude the topic. CONCLUSION
The most important goal in diabetes is
to keep the blood glucose level as
close to normal as possible.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Smeltzer SC, Bare BG. Brunner and suddarth’s textbook of medical surgical nursing. 10th ed. Philadelphia:
Lippincott william and wikkins.
2. Nettina MS. Lippincott manual of nursing practice. ed. New Delhi: Jaypee brothers medical publishers;
2006.
3. Bucher L, O’Brien PG, Dirksen SR, Heitkemper MMc, Lewis SL. Lewis’s medical-surgical nursing:
assessment and management of clinical problems. 7th ed. USA: Elsevier, a division of reed elsevier india
private limited; 2004.
4. Black JM, Hawks JH. Medical surgical nursing. 7th ed. India: Reed elsevier; 2005.