INTEGRATED DESIGN PROJECT 3

SKAA 4042

PROJECT SCHEDULING

GROUP : 3
COMPANY NAME : BUILD GOAL
YEAR / SECTION : 4SKAW / 01

NAME MATRIC NO
DARREN DAMIAN A14KA0028
MOHAMAD RQFIQ BIN IBRAHIM A14KA0070
MOHD SHUKRI BIN SGAWI A14KA0080
MUHAMMAD AMEER HAZREIN BIN HAMZAH A14KA0090
MUHAMMAD AZRIN B KAMARUDDIN A14KA0095
NUR AQILAH BINTI MOHD ALI A14KA0135
NUR SYAZANA BINTI HARUN A14KA0150
SAFWAN BIN MHD NASRUDDIN A14KA0170
TANG LIAN CHEK A14KA0185
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 PROJECT OVERVIEW

2.0 PROJECT SCHEDULING
2.1 WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (WBS)
2.2 ACTIVITIES
2.3 ACTIVITIES RELATIONSHIP
2.4 ESTIMATION OF RESOURCES AND TASK DURATION
2.5 ESTIMATION OF COST
2.6 DETAILED WORK SCHEDULE (DWS)
3.0 CONCLUSION
APPENDIX

1
1.0 PROJECT OVERVIEW

The project is to construct 10 units of double storey Shop Lots. Table 1.1 provides the
brief of this project while Figure 1.1 shows the illustration of this project after completion.

In this report, detailed work schedule (DWS) for this project is developed and presented
in the form of Gantt’s Chart and S-curve by using Microsoft Project software. It provides a
basic to monitor the performance of the project activities. Each activity is broken into specific
details of works. The sequence of the activities is determined based on constructability and
practices in construction industry. In addition, resources are assigned to tasks accordingly.
The duration of each activities is estimated based on the productivity rates. Lastly, the cost
for the whole project can be estimated.

Table 1.1: Project brief

Type Double Storey Shop Lots
Area 18’ x 60’
Unit 10
Project Duration 230 days

Figure 1.1: Double storey shop lots

2
Figure 1.2: Layout plan for double storey Shop Lots

3
2.0 PROJECT SCHEDULING

Project scheduling is a mechanism that communicates what works need to be performed

and which resources of the organization is required to be allocated in order to complete the
tasks in the specified timeframe. It includes an intended start and finish date. Th project
schedule should reflect all of the work associated with delivering the project on time. Without
a full and complete schedule, we are unable to communicate the complete effort in terms of
cost and resources necessary to deliver the product.

In order to develop a project scgedule, the step-by-step approach as shown in Figure 2.1 will
be used.

Develop Work
Define Activities
Breakdown Define activities
Relationship
Structure (WBS)

Develop Detailed
Define Resources
Work Schedule Define cost
and Timeframe
(DWS)

Figure 2.1: Step-by-step approach in developing project schedule

4
2.1 WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE

Before developing the detailed work schedule (DWS), work breakdown structure (WBS) is
constructed first. It is the backbone for a proper schedule. Generally, it is a tree structure
which outlines the project and breaks it down into smaller and more manageable portions.
Thus, the tasks can be overseen and measured in a more efficient way. Without the WBS, the
work to be accomplished cannot be seen in a bigger picture. In addition, with the help of
WBS, specific costs to each task can also be assigned accordingly.

As shown in Figure 2.2, it illustrates the work breakdown structure for constructing double
storey shop lots in three levels. Level 1 represents the entire project. Then, in level 2, the
project is sub-divided into five main categories which is site preparation and earthworks,
structure works, architecture works, M&E and plumbing works and external works. As for
level 3, each category is sub-divided into specific work packages.

5
2.2 ACTIVITIES

An activity is defined as any function or decision in the project that consumes time, resources
and cost. It is further breakdown of the work package elements of the WBS. Activities can be
classified into three types:

a. Production activities
b. Procurement activities
c. Management activities

Production activities is the activities that involves the use of resources such as labour,
material and equipment such as excavation, formwork construction and concrete casting.
Each production activity has a certain quantity of work, resource needs, cost and duration.

As for procurement activity, it is an activity that specify time for procuring material or
equipment that are needed for a production activity. For example, we have to procure cement
and sand for plastering works. On the other hand, management activity is an activity that is
related to management decisions.

Figure 2.3 shows the detailed work breakdown for structure work in this project

6
2.3 Activities Relationship

Once the activities have been identified, the next stage is to sequence them according to their
logic. Each task must have at least one predecessor. Generally, most of the task will have
both of them. Task logic is the relationship of preceding tasks to the succeeding tasks. In
Figure 2.4, it shows four types of activities relationship that can be used to establish the
relationship among the tasks.

In addition, lead and lag are also used to offset the logic that is set into place. A lag directs a
delay in the successor activity while a lead refers to a relationship whereby the successor
activity begins before the predecessor activity has completed.

Finish to Start (FS) Start to Start (SS)

Current activity must finish Succesor activity cannot

before successor activity start until current activity
can begin starts

Finish to Finish (FF) Start to Finish (SF)

Succesor activity cannot Current activity must start

finish until current activity before successor activity
finishes can finish

Figure 2.4: Types of activities relationship

7
2.4 ESTIMATION OF RESOURCES AND TASK DURATION
Resources are required to carry out the project tasks. They can be people, material or
equipment. Without resources, the completion of the project activities will be affected. Table
2.1 summarises the resources used in this project.

Task duration is defined as the total span of working time required to complete a task. The
duration of an activity can be estimated as:

Quantity of works
Task duration=
No of labours x productivity rates

Quantity of works is determined from engineering drawings of a specific project while

number of labours that will be employed in a particular activity is decided by the planner. As
for productivity rates, it is derived from a specific quantum of work measured in units of m,
m2, m3, no and etc. executed over a specific number of man-hours worked by a trade gang of
workers comprising the head of trade gang. In this project, the productivity rates used are
obtained from Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia (CIDB). Table 2.2
provides the productivity rates used in estimation of task duration while Table 2.3
summarises the duration required for each task after defining the quantity of works and
number of labours required.

8
 Table 2.1: Resources used for this proposed project
Resource Name Type Max. Units Material Label Std. Rate
Project Manager Work 1 RM40/hr
Safety Officer Work 1 RM20/hr
Surveyor Work 2 Rm20/hr
Engineer/Coordinato Work 3 RM20/hr
r
Supervisor Work 3 RM15/hr
Account & Clerk Work 2 RM6/hr
Security Guard Work 2 RM4/hr
Barbenders Work 8 RM4/hr
Carpenters Work 20 RM4/hr
Plumber Work 7 RM5/hr
Electrician Work 4 RM5/hr
Aluminium Installer Work 3 RM5/hr
Machine Operator Work 6 RM8/hr
Concretor Work 32 RM5/hr
General Worker Work 30 RM5/hr
Electric-M&E Work 8 RM6/hr
Brick Layer Work 30 RM4/hr
Roof Installer Work 11 RM6/hr
Plasterer Work 47 RM4/hr
Ceiling Work 10 RM5/hr
Tiling & Renderer Work 30 RM5/hr
Painter Work 6 RM5/hr
Door Fixer Work 10 RM5/hr
Power Float Work 2 RM5/hr
Excavator Work 5 RM8/hr
Backhoe Work 4 RM8/hr
Motor Grader Work 1 RM8/hr
Back Pusher Work 1 RM5/hr
Mobile Crane Work 1 RM8/hr
Air Compressor Work 2 RM5/hr
Lorry Delivery Work 10 RM6/hr
Bar Cutting Machine Work 1 RM6/hr
Bar Bending Work 2 RM6/hr
Machine
Bulldozer Work 3 RM8/hr
Compactor Work 7 RM8/hr
Water Pump Work 5 RM6/hr
Vibrating Poker Work 3 RM6/hr
Forklift Work 1 RM8/hr
Piling Work 1 RM8/hr

9
 Resource Name Type Max. Units Material Label Std. Rate
Excavation Material m3 RM27.40
Lean Concrete Grade Material m2 RM13.40
15
Reinforced Concrete Material m3 RM264.50
Grade 30
Formwork Material m2 RM36.30
Applying BRC Material m2 RM26.00
Steel Bar Material kg RM4.80
Reinforcement
Thick Heavy Duty Material m2 RM3.10
Polyethene
Thick Compacted Material m2 RM18.00
Hardcore
External Brickwall Material m2 RM60.00
(115 mm)
External Brickwall Material m2 RM118.00
(230 mm)
Internal Brickwall Material m2 RM60.00
(115 mm)
Steel Structure Material kg RM5.60
Internal Plastering Material m2 RM30.40
External Plastering Material m2 RM34.50
Skimming Material m2 RM8.20
Gypsum Board Material m2 RM50.70
Suspended Ceiling
610 mm x 1220 mm
x 3.2 mm
Painting Ceiling Material m2 RM3.60
Surfaces
Cement Rendering Material m2 RM23.90
Tiling Material m2 RM69.00
Sanitary Wares and Material House RM550.85
Fittings
Door and Window Material m RM50.00
Frame

Door and Locksets Material no RM200.00

Hardbrick Fencing Material m RM200.00

Wall

Painting Primer Coat Material m2 RM5.00

and Undercoat

Painting Final coat Material m2 RM4.00

External façade Material no RM500.00

10
Resource Name Type Max. Units Material Label Std. Rate
Site Clearing and Material m2 RM1.10
Cleaning
Electrical Services Material Job RM10,000.00
Internal Plumbing Material Job RM1,000.00
Installation
Internal Sanitary Material Job RM1,500.00
Installation
Gate & Fencing Material no RM1,500.00
Earthwork Material m3 RM27.40
Supply and Unload Material m RM17.10
Pile
Driving Pile Material m RM2.50
Cutting Pile Material no RM12.10
Pile Survey and Site Material m2 RM1.50
Clearance
Earthwork & Material m3 RM27.40
Backfilling
Roofing Covering Material m2 RM26.09
V-Pipe Set Material no RM90.28
Fascia Material m RM12.86

11
 Table 2.2 Productivity rate used (Retrieved from CIDB, 2007)
Item Description Unit Productivity Rate
(One)
Concrete:

Lean Concrete 50 mm thick including necessary

trimming base of excavation
1 To underside of pilecap, ground beam, ground floor m2 5
slab

Reinforced Concrete Grade 30

2 Pile cap, stump, ground beam m3 0.63
3 Column m3 0.5
4 Roof beam m3 0.5
5 150 mm thick ground floor slab 0.63
m3
6 150 mm thick suspended floor slab 0.6
m3
7 150 mm thick roof slab 0.5
m3
Reinforcement:

Bending, placing and fixing only

Rods (12 – 40 mm diameter rod)
8 In foundation 33.3
9 In column kg 33.3
10 In beam kg 33.3
11 In slab kg 33.3
kg
BRC Fabric
Cutting, tying, placing, and fixing
12 In ground floor slab 5.9
kg
Formwork:

Fabricating, fixing and striking of timber

formworks

13 To side of pile cap, stump, ground beam 0.59

14 To sides of columns m2 0.63
15 To sides and soffits of suspended floor beam and m2 0.63
roof beam m2
16 To sides and soffits of suspended floor slab 0.63
17 To sloping soffit of staircase m2 0.63
m2

Item Description Unit Productivity Rate

12
 (One)
Brickwork:

Laying of clay bricks

18 115 mm thick wall m2 1
19 230 mm thick wall m2 0.5
20 1.5 m high hardbrick fencing wall m 0.3

Floor tiling:

Laying of tiles
21 300 mm x 300 mm ceramic tiles m2 1

Painting:

Painting works
22 Paint primer coat on plastered sides of wall and m2 14.3
associated columns
23 Paint undercoat on plastered sides of wall and 16.6
m2
associated columns
24 Paint final coat on plastered sides of wall and 20
m2
associated columns

Plastering:

Plastering
25 20 mm thick cement and sand plastering 5.3
m2
Ceiling Framing & Finishing:

Fixing suspended ceiling

26 1200 mm x 600 mm x 3.2 mm ceiling board 1.33
m2
Window:

Fixing timber window frame

27 Overall size 300 mm x 300 mm high 0.71
28 Overall size 1200 mm x 1200 mm high no 0.71
no

Item Description Unit Productivity Rate

(One)

13
 Door:

Fixing metal door frame

29 Overall size 900 mm x 2100 mm high no 0.71

Door and locksets:

Fixing timber solid core door

30 Standard solid core flush door faced both sides with no 0.45
plywood; overall size 900 mm x 2100 mm high x 42
mm thick

Sanitary wares and fittings:

Fixing sanitary wares and fittings

31 Sanitary wares and fittings no 0.5

Structural Steelwork:

Fabricate, erecting and fixing light weight steel

roof trusses
Up to 10.0 m span
32 Fabrication only kg 21.7
33 Erecting and fixing in position kg 24.99

Roofing Coverings:

Laying of roof coverings

34 Concrete roof tile & associate works m2 2.86

Earthworks:

35 Site clearance m2 1.78

36 Excavate less than 1.5 mm deep m3 6.25
37 Excavate more than 1.5 m deep but not exceeding m3 5.25
3.0 m
38 Backfilling and compacting 2 0.77
m
39 0.25 m thick polyethene sheet 16.7
m2

14
Example of task duration calculation:

For steel bar installation in stump,

Quantity of steel bar required = 1696 kg
Number of barbenders = 8
Working hours = 8 hr / day
Productivity rates = 3303 kg / one-man-hour

Quantity of works
Task duration=
No of labours x productivity rates

Duration for steel bar installation in stump = 1696 / (8 x 33.3)

= 6.4 hr
= 6.4 hr / 8 hr/day
= 1 day

15
 Table 2.3: Calculation for task duration
Item Description Unit Qty Productivity Trade Number Time
Rate (Day)
Site preparation and
Earthworks
1 Setting out Job 1.00 - Surveyor 1 3
2 Site clearance m2 853.00 1.78 General worker 10 6
3 Excavation & backfilling m3 1018.00 6.25 Excavator 4 5
of soil to formation level,
compaction of soil

Structure Work
Substructure

Piling works
4 Setting out Job 1.00 - Surveyor 1 6
5 Excavation m3 900.00 - Excavator 2 3
6 Driving piles m 960.00 - Piling machine 1 12
7 Re-survey Job - - Surveyor 1 6
8 Cut piles no 160.00 - General worker 10 3

Pilecap
9 Excavation m3 81.00 6.25 Backhoe 2 1
10 50 mm lean concrete 0.04 5 Concretor 10 1
m2
11 Formwork construction 180.00 0.59 Carpenter 20 2
m2
12 Steel bar installation 3180.00 33.3 Barbender 8 2
kg
13 Concrete casting 20.25 0.63 Concretor 10 1
14 Formwork removal m3 - - General worker 10 1
m2
Stump
15 Steel bar installation 1696.00 33.3 Barbender 8 1
16 Formwork construction kg 0.59 Carpenter 20 2
144.00
17 Concrete casting m2 0.63 Concretor 10 1
10.80
18 Formwork removal m3
- - General worker 10 1
19 Backfilling m2
50.00 6.25 Backhoe 2 1
m3

16
Item Description Unit Qty Productivit Trade Number Time
y Rate (Day)
Ground Beam
20 Excavation m3 60.00 6.25 Backhoe 4 1
21 Lean concrete m2 150.00 5 Concretor 10 1
22 Formwork construction m2 500.00 0.59 Carpenter 20 5
23 Steel bar installation kg 9420.00 33.3 Barbender 8 4
24 Concrete casting m3 60.00 0.63 Concretor 10 1
25 Formwork removal - . General worker 10 1
m2
26 Earthfilling 9.60 6.25 Backhoe 2 1
m3
Non-suspended Ground
Floor Slab
27 Excavation 306.00 6.25 Backhoe 4 1
28 Backfilling and m3 1018.00 0.77 Concretor 10 17
compacting hardcore m2
29 Thick heavy duty 1018.00 16.7 General worker 10 1
polyethene sheet m2
30 BRC installation 20.35 5.9 Barbender 4 1
31 Concrete casting kg 128.00 0.63 Concretor 10 3
m3
Superstructure
Ground Floor Column
32 Setting out 1.00 - Surveyor 1 2
33 Steel bar installation Job 3392.00 33.3 Barbender 8 2
34 Formwork construction kg 0.63 Carpenter 20 3
288.00
35 Concrete casting m2 21.60 0.5 Concretor 10 1
36 Formwork removal m3 - - General worker 10 1
m2
First Floor Beam and Slab
37 Setting out 1.0. Surveyor 1 2
38 Formwork Construction Job 1032.00 Carpenter 20 10
0.63
39 Steel bar installation m2 6615.00 Barbender 8 3
33.3
40 Concrete casting kg 150.00 Concretor 10 3
0.6
41 Formwork removal m3 - General worker 10 1
-
m2

17
Item Description Unit Qty Productivit Trade Number Time
y Rate (Day)
First Floor column
42 Setting out Job 1.00 - Surveyor 1 1
43 Steel bar installation kg 2968.00 33.3 Barbender 8 1
44 Formwork construction m2 288.00 0.63 Carpenter 15 4
45 Concrete casting m3 21.60 0.5 Concretor 10 1
46 Formwork removal m2 - - General worker 10 1

Roof Beam and Slab

47 Setting out Job 1.00 - Surveyor 1 1
48 Formwork construction m2 691.00 0.63 Carpenter 20 7
49 Rebar installation kg 6600.00 33.3 Barbender 8 3
50 Concrete casting 47.00 0.5 Concretor 10 2
m3
51 Formwork removal - - General worker 10 1
m2
Staircase
52 Setting out 1.00 - Surveyor 1 1
Job
53 Formwork construction 12.60 0.63 Carpenter 5 1
54 Rebar installation m2 264.00 33.3 Barbender 5 1
55 Concrete casting kg 1.68 0.63 Concretor 5 1
56 Formwork removal m3 - - General worker 10 1
m2
Steel structure
Lightweight trusses
57 Fabricate 5000.00 21.7 General worker 10 3
58 Erecting and fixing in kg 5000.00 24.99 General worker 10 2
position kg

60 Roofing, Fascia 680.00 2.86 Roof installer 10 3

m2
Architecture Work
61 Door and Window Frame 760.00 1.42 General worker 15 5
m
Brickwork
62 Internal brick wall & 600.00 1 Brick layer 15 5
External Brickwall m2
63 115 mm thick brick wall 835.00 1 Brick layer 15 7
2
64 230 mm thick brick wall m 200.00 0.5 Brick layer 15 3
m2

18
Item Description Unit Qty Productivity Trade Number Time
Rate (Day)
Plastering
65 Internal plastering m2 5760.00 5.3 Plasterer 15 9
66 External plastering m2 2880.00 5.3 Plasterer 15 5

67 Cement Rendering m2 1800.00 71.4 Concretor 2 2

Tiling Works
68 Installation of tiles m2 1360.00 1 Tiling 4 34

Ceiling
69 Internal ceiling 1360.00 1.33 General worker 10 13
m2
70 External ceiling 110.00 1.33 General worker 5 2
m2
Painting
71 Painting primer coat and 4640.00 16.6 Painter 5 7
undercoat m2
72 Painting final coat 4640.00 20 Painter 5 6
m2
73 Door and lockset 100.00 0.45 Door fixer 10 2
no
M&E, Plumbing Work
74 Electrical/ Tel & MV 10.00 - Electrician - 12
installation work Job
75 Plumbing & sanitary 10.00 - Plumber - 12
distribution piping Job
76 Sanitary wares and fittings 190.00 0.5 General worker 10 5
installation no

External works
77 Hardbrick fencing wall 25.00 0.3 Brick layer 10 1
78 Gate and fencing m 10.00 0.5 General worker 10 1
79 Site clearing and cleaning no 1018.00 5 General worker 10 2
m2

19
2.5 ESTIMATION OF COST

By having defined quantity of works, activity duration and resources employed, it is

relatively simple to estimate the cost required for each activity. Unit rate for each task is
estimated first by referring the existing Bill of Quantity (BQ). The bill of quantity (BQ) is an
itemized list of material, equipment and labour required to construct a specific structure.

Table 2.4 shows the detail costing for each activity while Table 2.5 summarises the overall
costing for the proposed project.

Example of cost calculation:

For 150 mm thick compacted hardcore,

Material Cost:

1 m 2 hardcore material = RM 9.00

+10% Compaction & wastage = RM 0.90

= RM 9.90

Labour Cost:

For 1 m 2 hardcore material,

Productivity rate = 0.77 m 2/hr

No. of general workers = 10

Time for backfilling and compacting = 0.13

1 m 2 of hardcore material

Salary of general worker per day = RM 40.00

Salary of general worker per hour = RM 40.00 / 8

20
 = RM 5.00

Salary of 10 general workers per hour = RM5.00 X 10

= RM50.00

Salary of general worker per in 0.13 hour = RM 50.00 X 0.13

= RM 6.50

Total cost for backfilling and compacting 1 m 2 hardcore material:

Material cost = RM 9.90

Labour cost = RM 6.50

Profit (10%) = RM (9.90 + 6.50) X 10%

= RM1.64

Total cost = RM 18.00

21
 Table 2.4: Detail costing for each activity
Item Description Unit Qty Unit Rate Amount
(RM) (RM)
Site preparation and
Earthworks
1 Setting out Job 1.00
2 Site clearance m2 853.00 1.10 938.30
3 Excavation & m3 1018.00 27.40 27893.20
backfilling of soil to
formation level,
compaction of soil

Structure Work
Substructure

Piling works
4 Setting out Job 1.00
5 Excavation m
3 200 27.4
6 Driving piles m 960.00 19.60 18816.00
7 Re-survey Job 1.00
8 Cut piles no 160.00 12.10 1936.00

Pilecap
9 Excavation m3 81.00 33.00 2673.00
10 50 mm lean concrete 0.04 13.40 0.54
m2
11 Formwork construction 180.00 36.30 6534.00
m2
12 Steel bar installation 3180.00 4.80 15264.00
kg
13 Concrete casting 20.25 264.50 5356.13
14 Formwork removal m3 - - -
m2
Stump
15 Steel bar installation 1696.00 4.80 8140.80
16 Formwork construction kg
144.00 36.30 5227.20
17 Concrete casting m2
10.80 264.50 2856.60
18 Formwork removal m3 - - -
19 Backfilling m2 50.00 27.40 1370.00
m3

22
Item Description Unit Qty Unit Rate Amount
(RM) (RM)
Ground Beam
20 Excavation m3 60.00 33.00 1980.00
21 Lean concrete m2 150.00 13.40 2010.00
22 Formwork construction m2 500.00 36.30 18150.00
23 Steel bar installation kg 9420.00 4.80 45216.00
24 Concrete casting m3 60.00 264.50 15870.00
25 Formwork removal - - -
m2
26 Earthfilling 9.60 27.40 263.04
m3
Non-suspended Ground
Floor Slab
27 Excavation 306.00 33.00 10098.00
28 Backfilling and m3 1018.00 18.00 18324.00
compacting hardcore m2
29 Thick heavy duty 1018.00 3.10 3155.80
polyethene sheet m2
30 BRC installation 20.35 26.00 529.10
31 Concrete casting kg 128.00 264.50 33856.00
m3
Superstructure
Ground Floor Column
32 Setting out 1.00
33 Steel bar installation Job 3392.00 4.80 16281.60
34 Formwork construction kg 36.30 10454.40
288.00
35 Concrete casting m2 264.50 5713.20
21.60
36 Formwork removal m3 - - -
m2
First Floor Beam and
Slab
37 Setting out
1.00
38 Formwork Construction Job 1032.00 36.30 37461.60
39 Steel bar installation m2 6615.00 4.80 31752.00
40 Concrete casting kg 150.00 264.50 39675.00
41 Formwork removal m3
- - -
m2

23
Item Description Unit Qty Unit Rate Amount
(RM) (RM)
First Floor column
42 Setting out Job - - -
43 Steel bar installation kg 2968.00 4.80 14246.40
44 Formwork construction m2 288.00 36.30 10454.40
45 Concrete casting m3 21.60 264.50 5713.20
46 Formwork removal m2 - - -

Roof Beam and Slab

47 Setting out Job - - -
48 Formwork construction m2 691.00 36.30 25083.30
49 Rebar installation kg 6600.00 4.80 31680.00
50 Concrete casting 47.00 264.50 12431.50
m3
51 Formwork removal - - -
m2
Staircase
52 Setting out - - -
Job
53 Formwork construction 12.60 36.30 457.38
54 Rebar installation m2 264.00 4.80 1267.20
55 Concrete casting kg 1.68 264.50 444.36
56 Formwork removal m3 - - -
m2
Steel structure
Lightweight trusses
57 Fabricate, erecting and 5000.00 5.60 28000.00
fixing in position kg

Roofing, Fascia
58 Roofing covering 680.00 26.09 17741.20
59 Fascia m2 55.00 12.86 707.30
60 V-pipe set m 9.00 90.28 812.52
no
Architecture Work
61 Door and Window 760.00 50.00 38000.00
Frame m

Brickwork
62 Internal brick wall & 600.00 60.00 36000.00
External Brickwall m2
63 115 mm thick brick wall 835.00 60.00 50100.00
64 230 mm thick brick wall m2 200.00 118.00 23600.00
m2

24
Item Description Unit Qty Unit Rate Amount
(RM) (RM)
Plastering
65 Internal plastering m2 5760.00 30.40 175104.00
66 External plastering m2 2880.00 34.50 99360.00

67 Cement Rendering m2 1800.00 23.90 43020.00

Tiling Works
68 Installation of tiles m2 1360.00 69.00 93840.00

Ceiling
69 Internal ceiling 1360.00 62.50 85000.00
m2
70 External ceiling 110.00 62.50 6875.00
m2
Painting
71 Painting primer coat 4640.00 5.00 23200.00
and undercoat m2
72 Painting final coat 4640.00 4.00 18560.00
m2
73 Door and lockset 100.00 200.00 20000.00
no
M&E, Plumbing
Work
74 Electrical/ Tel & MV 10.00 10000.00 100000.00
installation work Job
75 Plumbing & sanitary 10.00 2500.00 25000.00
distribution piping Job
76 Sanitary wares and 10.00 550.85 5508.50
fittings installation no

External works
77 Hardbrick fencing wall 25.00 200.00 5000.00
78 Gate and fencing m 10.00 1500.00 15000.00
79 Site clearing and no 1018.00 1.10 1119.80
cleaning m2

25
 Table 2.5: Overall costing for proposed project
Item Description Costs (RM)
1 Site Preparation and Earthworks

2 Structure Work

Substructure
Piling Works
Pilecap
Stump
Ground Beam
Non-Suspended Ground
Floor Slab

Superstructure
Ground Floor Column
First Floor Beam & Slab
First Floor Column
Roof Beam & Slab
Staircase
Steel Structure
Roofing, Fascia

3 Architecture Work
Door & Window Frame
Brickwork
Plastering
Cement Rendering
Tiling Work
Ceiling
External Façade
Painting
Door & Locksets

4 M&E, Plumbing Work

5 External Work
6 Defect Checking
Total Cost

26
2.6 DETAILED WORK SCHEDULE (DWS)
Detailed work schedule (DWS) is a plan of works before the construction of the project. It
includes all the detail work required for the project. It is presented in the form of Gantt’s
Chart and S-curve. Gantt’s Chart is a type of bar chart that illustrates a project schedule. It
displays the start and finish dates of activities. As for S-Curve, it is a tool that tracks progress
over time and allows for a quick visual to determine project status.

In this report, the whole project will be categorised into several parts which includes site
preparation and earthwork, substructures, superstructures, architecture work, mechanical and
electrical work and external works. Table 2.6 shows the detailed work schedule presented in
the form

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Insert financial progress curve

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insert work progress curve

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Insert cash flow report

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 3.1 CONCLUSION

Form S-Curve of a project, we can see how fast a project progress. We can also know on
which months the progress is rapid. This can be used to graphically represent the resources
allocations as well as cash flow projections. S-Curve can also be used to gauge whether a
project is ahead of time, just on time or delay of the actual progress S-Curve is plotted.

In detailed work schedule, it can be seen that both of the financial and work progress S-Curve
is slow in the first 7 months. This is mainly due to the fact that structural elements must be
casted in a specific order. Structural elements are normally considered as critical elements
since they will delay the whole progress if they are delayed. After 7 months, it shows rapid
progress afterwards. This indicates a lot of overlaps of activities timeline.

Project scheduling is extremely important in order to manage a project properly. After

developing a project schedule, one should always monitor the status of project activities and
update the project progress regularly. The key benefit of this process is to recognize deviation
from the plan. Thus, we can take corrective and preventive measures to minimise the
deviation

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