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F BQV B Q V: Force On A Charged Particle in A Magnetic Field

The document summarizes the force on a charged particle in a magnetic field. It explains that the force is perpendicular to the particle's velocity and can be calculated using the equation F = Bqv, where B is the magnetic field strength, q is the charge, and v is velocity. It also links this magnetic force to centripetal force, deriving the equation that the momentum of the particle is equal to Bqr, where r is the radius of curvature. An example is given showing how an electron and proton entering a magnetic field with the same speed will follow different curved paths due to their different masses and momenta.

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Intiser Rahman
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90 views2 pages

F BQV B Q V: Force On A Charged Particle in A Magnetic Field

The document summarizes the force on a charged particle in a magnetic field. It explains that the force is perpendicular to the particle's velocity and can be calculated using the equation F = Bqv, where B is the magnetic field strength, q is the charge, and v is velocity. It also links this magnetic force to centripetal force, deriving the equation that the momentum of the particle is equal to Bqr, where r is the radius of curvature. An example is given showing how an electron and proton entering a magnetic field with the same speed will follow different curved paths due to their different masses and momenta.

Uploaded by

Intiser Rahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Force on a charged particle in a magnetic field

A dot represents a magnetic field directed out of the paper. A cross represents a magnetic field directed into
the paper.

Any moving charge has a magnetic field around it. The direction of current is always the same as the direction
of motion of a positively charged particle. The direction of current is always in the opposite direction as the
direction of motion of a negatively charged particle. The direction of the force on a charged particle in a
magnetic field is found out using FLHR.


 *The force on a charged particle in a magnetic field is always perpendicular to its (velocity) direction of

 motion.


 


 The value of this force is found out using the equation F = BQ v where B is the magnetic flux density, Q is
the charge of the particle and v is the velocity of the particle.


Linking magnetic force with centripetal force

The diagram shows an electron entering a magnetic field. The electron moves in a curved path inside the
magnetic field because the force on it is perpendicular to the direction of the motion. To move in a curved
path, the charged particle requires a centripetal force provided by the magnetic force.



Mathematically,
Fc = Fm


mv 2
= Bqv2

r



Since p = mv

p = Bqr


Theoretical example

The diagram below shows an electron and a proton entering a magnetic field with the same speed.





Even though the electron and the proton both have the same speed,
since the mass of the proton is much greater, its momentum will also be
greater than that of the electron. According to p = Bqr, the radius of
curvature of the proton will also be greater.




 Pp = Bqrp


 





Pe = Bqre





EMF induced across a straight conductor in a magnetic field







(t)
ϕ d
AREA COVERED = ld = Bl 

t
ϕ
Since B = em f = Blv

A
ϕ = B × A


ϕ = Bld



Rate of change of ϕ

ϕ Bld
=

t t

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