Service Bulletin

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc.

Greensboro, NC USA Trucks
Date Group No. Page
This Service Bulletin replaces SB 284–10, “Engine ECU,
Fault Tracing” (09.05), publication no. PV776–20 023567.
9.2005 284 17 1(11)

Engine ECU, Fault Tracing

Checklist M
D16D

Engine ECU, Fault Tracing

Checklist M

W2004584

EECU (EMS2)

This information covers fault tracing the engine ECU of the Volvo D16D engine.

Contents
• “General Guide to Fault Tracing” page 2
• “Engine ECU, Fault Tracing” page 3
• “Engine ECU, Fault Tracing” page 3
• “Warranty Claims” page 3

Note: Illustrations are used for reference only, and may differ slightly from the
actual engine version. However, key components addressed in this information are
represented as accurately as possible.

PV776-20 047699 USA19669

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 9.2005 284 17 2(11)

General Guide to Fault Tracing

You must read and understand the precautions and guidelines in Service Information,
group 20, "General Safety Practices, Engine" before performing any procedure. If
you are not properly trained and certified in a procedure, ask your supervisor for
training before you perform it.

To use this checklist you must first:

1 • Complete basic data gathering

• Read fault codes
• Check vehicle parameters

2 Use the recommendations in appropriate symptom information, plus the

information gathered above to provide a foundation for continued fault tracing
using this checklist.

One fault often affects other systems. Therefore, it is important to confirm or

eliminate suspected causes of faults at an early stage, using tests in VCADS
Pro.
Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 9.2005 284 17 3(11)

Engine ECU, Fault Tracing

You must read and understand the precautions and
guidelines in Service Information, group 20, "General
Safety Practices, Engine" before performing this
procedure. If you are not properly trained and certified
in this procedure, ask your supervisor for training
before you perform it.

If the measurements on the wiring harnesses indicate

faults, it is highly probable that the engine ECU is fault
free.

DANGER
Never switch engine ECUs between vehicles for fault
tracing or repairs without re-programming.
Incorrect individual settings in the engine ECU can
lead to loss of control of the vehicle, which can cause
personal injury or death.

Note: ECU programming is not permitted without prior

authorization from Volvo Trucks North America, Inc.
For reprogramming information, refer to the VCADS
Pro User Manual.

Warranty Claims
The checklist must be completed (with all measured
values noted) to eliminate possible faults in the engine
ECU before it can be replaced under warranty.

A copy of the completed checklist must be attached

to the warranty claim.

Engine ECU, Fault Tracing

See also:

• “Engine ECU, Fault Tracing” page 3 for warranty claim

information

Vehicle VIN Mileage Customer

Engine variant Engine number Control module, part Control unit, serial number
number

Software number Data sets 1 Data sets 2

Step 1: Checking System Voltage

Conditions: • Engine OFF

• Breakout box 9998699 and breakout cable 9990014 • Multimeter J39200 measuring Voltage DC
connected between EECU and wiring harness. • B+ = Battery voltage

• EECU connected (See also “EECU, Wiring Diagram” page 11.)

• Ignition key in ON position
Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 9.2005 284 17 4(11)

Checking EA voltage (upper connector)

T2021830

Before Checks
Verify that ground terminals EA57 (main) and EA11 (5V Note: > — Greater than
ground) are properly grounded (less than 10 to ground). < — Less than
≈ — Approximately

Terminal Signal type Measurement Nominal value Measured “Notes”

points value page 4
EA3 Drain valve solenoid, water separator EA3 - EA57 ≈ 12 V (inactive) 1
< 1V (active)

EA7 Supply to sensor (5V) EA7 - EA11 4.80 - 5.15 V

EA22 Intake manifold pressure sensor, signal EA11 - EA22 1.1 ± 0.7 V (at sea level)

EA23 Relative humidity EA23 — EA11 2.27 — 2.43 V 20 C (68 F), 50%
humidity

EA31 Oil temperature sensor, signal EA11 - EA31 ≈ 3.0 V @ 20 C (68 F)
≈ 0.4 V @ 100 C (212 F)

EA35 Fan Speed Sensor, E-Viscous fan only EA35 — EA39 0.005 — 5 V 3
(signal)

EA43 Air Inlet Temperature EA43 — EA11 ≈ 3.5 V @ 20 C (68 F)

EA47 Intake manifold air temperature sensor, EA11 - EA47 ≈ 0.9 V @ 20 C (68 F)
signal ≈ 1.6 V @ 40 C (104 F)

Notes
1 Normally “inactive” with ignition key in ON position.
2 Normally “open” with ignition key in ON position.
3 The value will change between 0.005 and 5 volts 6
times during one revolution of the fan.
Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 9.2005 284 17 5(11)

Checking EB voltage (lower connector)

Before Checks
Verify that ground terminals EB10 (coolant level ground),
EB58, EB59, EB61 (main), and EB18 (5V ground) are
properly grounded (less than 10 to ground).

Note: > — Greater than

< — Less than
≈ — Approximately

T2021831

Terminal Signal type Measurement Nominal value Measured “Notes”

points value page 4
EB7 Preheater 1, heater diagnostics EB7 - EB59 >65% B+ (active)
1
0 V (inactive)

EB8 Water in fuel indicator EB8 — EB10 ≈ 8 — 10 V (open)

≈ 0 V (closed)

EB11 Oil pressure sensor, signal EB11 - EB18 ≈ 0.5 V (engine not running)

EB14 Preheater 2, heater diagnostics EB14 - EB59 >65% B+ (active)

1
0 V (inactive)

EB15 Buffered idle validation switch EB15 —EB59 0 - 4 V (inactive; pedal at rest)
> 8 V (active, depressed accelerator
pedal (AP))

EB16 Fuel pressure sensor, signal EB16 >>EB18 ≈ 0.5 V (engine not running)

EB17 Supply to sensor (5V) EB17 - EB18 4.80 - 5.15 V

EB23 Coolant level sensor, signal EB23 - EB10 ≈ 80% B+ (open) - level normal
2
0 V (closed) - level low

EB25 Preheater relay EB25 - EB59 B+ (inactive)

1
0 V (active)

EB27 Coolant temperature sensor, signal EB27 - EB18 ≈ 3.4 V @ 20 C (68 F)
≈ 0.95 V @ 85 C (185 F)

EB28 Crankcase pressure sensor EB28 - EB18 2.9 ± 0.6 V (at sea level)

EB30 VCB EB30 - EB61 B+ (inactive)

1
0 V (active)

EB38 EPG signal EB38 - EB59 ≈ 8.5 - 10.5 V

1
<1.0 V (active; 100%)

Fan control (On/Off) B+ (fan requested; fan engaged/locked)

EB49 - EB59 0 V (fan NOT requested; fan
disengaged/free)
EB49
E-Viscous fan EB49 - EB59 B+ (fan requested) output not grounded
0 V (no fan speed requested) output
grounded

EB57 Supply voltage, EECU EB57 - EB59 B+

EB60 Supply voltage, EECU EB60 - EB61 B+

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 9.2005 284 17 6(11)

Step 2: Function Test (Wiring Harness and Circuit)

Conditions: • Ignition key in OFF position
• Breakout box 9998699 and adapter 9990014 • Multimeter J39200 measuring resistance.
connected to the harness side. (See also “EECU, Wiring Diagram” page 11.)
• EECU disconnected

Checking EA resistance

Note: > — Greater than

< — Less than
≈ — Approximately

T2021835

Terminal Signal type Measurement points Nominal value Measured value “Notes”
page 8
EA3 Drain valve solenoid, water separator EA3 - EA57 > 10

EA12 Unit injector cylinder 2 (NCV) EA12 - EA62 0.9 - 5.2

@ 2
20 C (68 F)
1.5 - 5.8

@
103 C (218 F)

EA16 Unit injector cylinder 2 (SV) EA16 - EA59 1.1 - 5.8

@ 3
20 C (68 F)
1.9 - 6.2

@
103 C (218 F)

EA20 Unit injector cylinder 1 (NCV) EA20 - EA62 0.9 - 5.2

@ 2
20 C (68 F)
1.5 - 5.8

@
103 C (218 F)

EA24 Unit injector cylinder 1 (SV) EA24 - EA59 1.1 - 5.8

@ 3
20 C (68 F)
1.9 - 6.2

@
103 C (218 F)

EA28 Unit injector cylinder 3 (NCV) EA28 - EA62 0.9 - 5.2

@ 2
20 C (68 F)
1.5 - 5.8

@
103 C (218 F)
Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 9.2005 284 17 7(11)

Terminal Signal type Measurement points Nominal value Measured value “Notes”
page 8
EA31 Oil temperature sensor, signal EA31 - EA11 1.76 - 2.04 k

@ 20 C (68 F)
100 - 107 @

100 C (212 F)

EA32 Unit injector cylinder 3 (SV) EA32 - EA59

1.1 - 5.8 @ 3
20 C (68 F)

1.9 - 6.2 @
103 C (218 F)

EA36 Unit injector cylinder 6 (NCV) EA36 - EA61

0.9 - 5.2 @ 2
20 C (68 F)

1.5 - 5.8 @
103 C (218 F)

EA38 Speed sensor flywheel, (+) EA37 - EA38 775 - 945

EA45 Camshaft sensor (+) EA45 - EA46 775 - 945

EA40 Unit injector cylinder 6 (SV) EA40 - EA60 1.1 - 5.8

@ 3
20 C (68 F)

1.9 - 6.2 @
103 C (218 F)

EA41 Turbo Speed EA41 — EA42 600 — 1000

@ 20 C (68 F)

EA43 Air inlet temperature EA43 — EA11 11.8 — 12.8 k

@ 20 C (68
F)

EA44 Unit injector cylinder 5 (NCV) EA44 - EA61

0.9 - 5.2 @ 2
20 C (68 F)

1.5 - 5.8 @
103 C (218 F)

EA47 Intake manifold air temperature EA47 - EA11 2.40 - 2.52 k

sensor, signal @ 20 C (68 F)

1.15 - 1.25 k

@ 40 C (104
F)

EA48 Unit injector cylinder 5 (SV) EA48 - EA60

1.1 - 5.8 @ 3
20 C (68 F)

1.9 - 6.2 @
103 C (218 F)

EA52 Unit injector cylinder 4 (NCV) EA52 - EA61

0.9 - 5.2 @ 2
20 C (68 F)

1.5 - 5.8 @
103 C (218 F)

EA56 Unit injector cylinder 4 (SV) EA56 - EA60

1.1 - 5.8 @ 3
20 C (68 F)

1.9 - 6.2 @
103 C (218 F)
Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 9.2005 284 17 8(11)

Checking EB resistance

Note: > — Greater than

< — Less than
≈ — Approximately

T2021834

Terminal Signal type Measurement points Nominal value Measured value “Notes”
page 8
EB3 Oil level sensor EB3 - EB4 11.7 - 12.9 @

22 C (72 F)

EB7 Preheater 1, heater diagnostics EB7 - EB59 < 5.0

(closed) 1

EB8 Water in fuel indicator EB8 — EB10 O.L. (open)

EB13 EGR valve 1 (+) EB13 - EB9 1 - 10

EB14 Preheater 2, heater diagnostics EB14 - EB59 < 5.0

(closed) 1

EB23 Coolant level sensor, signal EB23 - EB10 < 5.0

(closed)
- level low
> 100 k
(O.L.)
- level normal

EB27 Coolant temperature sensor, signal EB27 - EB18 2.35 - 2.65 k

@ 20 C (68
F)

313 - 332
@
80 C (176 F)

Fan control (ON/OFF) EB49 - EB57 15 - 50

EB49
Fan control (E-Viscous) EB49 - EB57 < 50

EB52/EB56 J1939 Data Link, CAN 2 EB52 — EB56 115 — 125

Notes
1 Normally, a “closed” measurement reveals a good 3 SV = Spill Valve
circuit, fuse, and preheater element.
2 NCV = Needle Control Valve
Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 9.2005 284 17 9(11)

Step 3: Function Test (EECU)

J1939 (Data Link) and J1587/1708 (Information Link) Checks
Conditions: (See also “EECU, Wiring Diagram” page 11.)
• EECU connected.
• Measurement at diagnostic connector

Note: For more information on Data Link fault tracing,

refer to IMPACT or ID DVD: Info type “Diagnostics” group
3711

Notes
1 Ignition key in ON position; use MIN/MAX function on 2 Ignition key in OFF position; use resistance
multimeter J39200 (voltage on Information Link varies measurement on multimeter J39200.
depending on number of control units and traffic on
Information Link).

Terminal Signal type Measurement Nominal value Measured “Notes”

points value page 9
G SAE J1587/1708 G - F 0-5V 1

C SAE J1939 C - D 50 - 70
2

Function Check
Conditions:
• Breakout box 9998699 and adapter 9990014
connected to harness connector EA only.
• Ignition key in OFF position
• Multimeter J39200 measuring resistance
• EA connector disconnected from EECU.

(See “EECU, Wiring Diagram” page 11.)

W2003129

Terminal Signal type Measurement Nominal value Measured Notes

points value

EA33 SAE J1587/1708 EA33 - G <5

EA34 SAE J1587/1708+ EA34 - F <5

J1939 Data Link Resistance Check

Conditions: • Multimeter J39200 measuring resistance.

• Breakout box 9998699 and adapter 9990014 • EB connector disconnected from EECU.
connected to harness connector EB only. (See also “EECU, Wiring Diagram” page 11.)
• Ignition key in OFF position.

Terminal Signal type Measurement Nominal value Measured Notes

points value

EB51 - EB55 SAE J1939 CAN HI/1939 CAN EB51 - EB55 ≈ 120

LOW

EB51 SAE J1939 (CAN_1_H) EB51 - C <5

EB55 SAE J1939 (CAN_1_L) EB55 - D <5

Notes:

Completed by: Dealer: Date:

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 9.2005 284 17 10(11)

Component Descriptions
(See “EECU, Wiring Diagram” page 11.) B54 Sensor, pressure, crankcase

Compo- Description B84 Sensor, air inlet/humidity

nent B87 Sensor, turbo speed
A14 EECU (engine electronic control unit) B118 Sensor, oil pressure
A43 Engine group component. Contains B32 and Y35. B119 Sensor, Oil temp/level
A45 Fuel prefilter. Contains B52 and Y38. Optional R10 R01 Preheater element
B04 Sensor, engine speed, crankshaft R10 Fuel heater
B05 Sensor, engine position, camshaft Y33 Solenoid valves, UI (unit injector)
B10 Sensor, oil level Y34 EGR Valve
B21 Sensor, engine coolant temperature Y35 Solenoid, fan (E-Viscous) (On/off fan)
B32 Sensor, fan speed Y37 Solenoid valve (PWM valve), exhaust pressure governor
B37 Sensor, air intake pressure and charge air temperature (EPG)

B48A Sensor, coolant level Y39 Solenoid valve, Volvo compression brake

B51 Sensor, fuel pressure Y54 Variable geometry turbo (VGT)

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 9.2005 284 17 11(11)

W2004834
EECU, Wiring Diagram