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Alternate & Corresponding Angles

1. Parallel lines extend in the same direction and remain the same distance apart. They are represented by the symbol ∥. 2. A transversal is a line that cuts two or more lines at different points. Corresponding angles are pairs of angles on the same side of a transversal that are on opposite sides of two parallel lines. They are congruent. 3. Complementary angles sum to 90 degrees. Supplementary angles sum to 180 degrees. Vertical angles are opposite angles formed by two intersecting lines that have equal measures.

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136 views2 pages

Alternate & Corresponding Angles

1. Parallel lines extend in the same direction and remain the same distance apart. They are represented by the symbol ∥. 2. A transversal is a line that cuts two or more lines at different points. Corresponding angles are pairs of angles on the same side of a transversal that are on opposite sides of two parallel lines. They are congruent. 3. Complementary angles sum to 90 degrees. Supplementary angles sum to 180 degrees. Vertical angles are opposite angles formed by two intersecting lines that have equal measures.

Uploaded by

Huria Malik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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l1 l2 AB

Parallel Lines CD
Parallel lines are lines which extend in the same direction and
remain at the same distance apart from each other.
By distance between two lines, we mean the perpendicular distance between two lines.
The symbol ‘∥’ is used to represent “is parallel to”. e.g. l1∥ l2 , AB
´ ∥ CD
´ .

Transversal X
A line that cuts the two or more lines at different points is called a transversal. AB
CD
e.g. in figure: Here XY
´ is a transversal since its cuts the pair of two lines AB
´ andCD
´ .
Corresponding Angles Y

Corresponding angles are the pairs of angles on X X


the same side of the transversal and on corresponding
a b a b
sides of the two other lines. When two lines are AB AB
d c B d c B
parallel and they are intersected by transversal then CD CD CD CD
corresponding angles are congruent. An easy way of e f e f
CD h g D CD h g D
identifying corresponding angles is by drawing the
letter "F" (forwards and backwards. On the parallel Y Y
lines as shown in the figure. The examples of
corresponding angles in figure are b & f, d & h, e & a.
Complementary Angles
Complementary angles are angles whose sum is 90°. That is, if we attach both angles and fit them
side by side (by putting the vertices and one side on top of each other), they will form a right angle. We
can also say that one of the angles is the complement of the other.
Supplementary Angles
Supplementary angles are angles whose sum is 180°. In other words, if we put the angles side by
side, the result would be a straight line.
Vertical Angles
Vertical angles are the angles which are opposite of each other at the
intersection of two lines. Vertical angles:
 share a common vertex.
 always have equal measures.
∠JKL and ∠MKN, ∠JKM and ∠LKN are vertical angles and ∠JKM and ∠
X
NKM are supplementary angles.
a b
Interior and Exterior Angles AB
d c B
CD
In this figure d and e, c and f are interior angles and a and h, CD
e f
b and g are called exterior angles, since they are on the other sides CD h g D
of the two parallel lines AB
´ and CD.
´
Y
Alternate Interior Angles
Alternate interior angles are formed when there exists a transversal. They are the angles on
opposite sides of the transversal, but inside the two lines. Alternate interior angles are congruent to
each other if (and only if) the two parallel lines intersected by the transversal. An easy way of
identifying alternate interior angles is by drawing the letter "Z" (forwards and backwards) on the lines
as shown in figure. X X
In the figure on the left, d and f, c and e are a b
AB B a b
alternate interior angles. d AB B
CD c CD CD d c
e CD
f e f
CD D CD D
h g g
Alternate Exterior Angles Y
h
Y
Similar to alternate interior angles, alternate
exterior angles are also congruent to each other if
(and only if) the two parallel lines intersected by the
transversal. These angles are on opposite sides of
the transversal, but outside the two lines the
transversal intersects.
In the figure on the left, ∠ADB and ∠GHF are alternate exterior angles. So are ∠CDB and ∠EHF. The
figure on the left does not have alternate enterior angles congruent because AC´ and EG
´ are not parallel
lines, but the figure on the right does because QS´ and TV
´ are parallel lines.
Remember!
Exercises:
1. Find the unknown where AB
´ ∥ CD.
´
X
a b
________________________ AB B
CD d c
________________________ CD

________________________ CD D
30o
________________________ Y
___________________
2. Find the unknown in each of the following figure where figures are not drawn
according to the scale.
X
(a) (b) (c) (d)
A B
a
C 35oD

Y
(e) (f) (g) (h)

(I)

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