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Uniform Distribution: Some Examples Are Provided For Clarification

The document discusses the uniform distribution, which is a type of probability distribution where all outcomes are equally likely. It provides examples like a coin flip or card draw being uniformly distributed. The uniform distribution can be visualized as a horizontal line. It defines the probability density function and cumulative distribution function for continuous uniform distributions between intervals a and b. Some applications and examples are given, like the rolling of a die representing a discrete uniform distribution and an ideal random number generator being continuous and uniform.

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162 views7 pages

Uniform Distribution: Some Examples Are Provided For Clarification

The document discusses the uniform distribution, which is a type of probability distribution where all outcomes are equally likely. It provides examples like a coin flip or card draw being uniformly distributed. The uniform distribution can be visualized as a horizontal line. It defines the probability density function and cumulative distribution function for continuous uniform distributions between intervals a and b. Some applications and examples are given, like the rolling of a die representing a discrete uniform distribution and an ideal random number generator being continuous and uniform.

Uploaded by

Abdulrahman Radeef
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Uniform Distribution

Some Examples Are Provided for


Clarification
For-Computer Sceince
What is Uniform Distribution?

A type of probability distribution in which all results are equally likely. A


deck of cards has within it uniform distributions because the likelihood of
drawing a heart, a club, a diamond or a spade is equally likely. A coin also
has a uniform distribution because the probability of getting either heads or
tails in a coin toss is the same.

The uniform distribution can be visualized as a straight horizontal line, so


for a coin flip returning a head or tail, both have a probability p = 0.50 and
would be depicted by a line from the y-axis at 0.50.

Function and Mathematical Equations

A uniform distribution, sometimes also known as a rectangular distribution,


is a distribution that has constant probability.

The probability density function and cumulative distribution function for


a continuous uniform distribution on the interval are

These can be written in terms of the Heaviside step function H (x) as


The latter of which simplifies to the expected D (x) = (x-a) / (b-a) for a <x
<b.

The continuous distribution is implemented as Uniform Distribution [a, b].

For a continuous uniform distribution, the characteristic function is

If a = 0 and b = 1, the characteristic function simplifies to

The moment-generating function is


The moment-generating function is not differentiable at zero, but the
moments can be calculated by differentiating and then taking lim_ (t-> 0).
The raw moments are given analytically by

The first few are therefore given explicitly by

The central moments are given analytically by

The first few are therefore given explicitly by

The mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis excess are therefore


Applications
There are two types of uniform distributions: discrete and continuous. The
possible results of rolling a die provide an example of a discrete uniform
distribution: it is possible to roll a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, but it is not possible to
roll a 2.3, 4.7 or 5.5. Therefore, the roll of a die generates a discrete
distribution with p = 1/6 for each outcome.

Some uniform distributions are continuous rather than discrete. An idealized


random number generator would be considered a continuous uniform
distribution. With this type of distribution, every point in the continuous
range between 0.0 and 1.0 has an equal opportunity of appearing, yet there
are an infinite number of points between 0.0 and 1.0

Example1:

Suppose in a quiz there are 30 participants. A question is given to


all 30 participants and the time allowed to answer it is 25 seconds. Find the
probability of participants responds within 6 seconds?

Solution:

Given

Interval of probability distribution = [0 seconds, 25 seconds]


1 1
Density of Probability = 25−0 =
25
interval of probability distribution of successful event = [0
seconds, 6 seconds]

The probability P(x<6)


6
𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 =
25
There are 3030 participants in the quiz
6
Hence the participants likely to answer it in 6 seconds = × 30 ≈ 7
25
Example 2:
Suppose a flight is about to land and the announcement says that the
expected time to land is 30 minutes. Find the probability of getting flight
land between 25 to 30 minutes?

Solution:

Given

Interval of probability distribution = [0 minutes, 30 minutes]


1 1
Density of probability = =
30−0 30

Interval of probability distribution of successful event = [0 minutes, 5


minutes]
The probability (25 <x <30)
5 1
The probability ratio = =
30 6

Hence the probability of getting flight land between 25 minutes to 30


minutes = 0.16
Reference
Uniform Distribution of Sequences. (n.d.). Retrieved June 22, 2020, from
https://books.google.iq/books?id=mnY8LpyXHM0C

Uniform Distribution Examples. (n.d.). Retrieved June 22, 2020, from


https://probabilityformula.org/uniform-distribution/uniform-distribution-
examples.html

Chen, J. (2020, May 27). Uniform Distribution Definition. Retrieved June 22, 2020, from
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/u/uniform-distribution.asp

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