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Medieval: Legenda Aurea

Etymology emerged as a field of study in the 18th century Enlightenment period in Europe. Early pioneers included Marcus Zuerius van Boxhorn and Gerardus Vossius in the 17th century. The first systematic attempt to prove the relationship between languages based on grammar and vocabulary was by János Sajnovics in 1770 comparing Sami and Hungarian. Sir William Jones furthered the field in 1786 by observing the relationship between Sanskrit, Greek and Latin, laying the foundation for Indo-European linguistics. In the 19th century, etymology became firmly established as a field of study in Germanic philology through the works of scholars like Rasmus Christian Rask

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82 views1 page

Medieval: Legenda Aurea

Etymology emerged as a field of study in the 18th century Enlightenment period in Europe. Early pioneers included Marcus Zuerius van Boxhorn and Gerardus Vossius in the 17th century. The first systematic attempt to prove the relationship between languages based on grammar and vocabulary was by János Sajnovics in 1770 comparing Sami and Hungarian. Sir William Jones furthered the field in 1786 by observing the relationship between Sanskrit, Greek and Latin, laying the foundation for Indo-European linguistics. In the 19th century, etymology became firmly established as a field of study in Germanic philology through the works of scholars like Rasmus Christian Rask

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Medieval

Main article: Medieval etymology

Isidore of Seville compiled a volume of etymologies to illuminate the triumph of religion. Each
saint's legend in Jacob de Voragine's Legenda Aurea begins with an etymological discourse on
the saint's name:

Lucy is said of light, and light is beauty in beholding, after that S. Ambrose saith: The nature of
light is such, she is gracious in beholding, she spreadeth over all without lying down, she passeth
in going right without crooking by right long line; and it is without dilation of tarrying, and
therefore it is showed the blessed Lucy hath beauty of virginity without any corruption; essence
of charity without disordinate love; rightful going and devotion to God, without squaring out of
the way; right long line by continual work without negligence of slothful tarrying. In Lucy is
said, the way of light.[8]

Modern era

Further information: Comparative method

Etymology in the modern sense emerged in the late 18th-century European academia, within the
context of the wider "Age of Enlightenment," although preceded by 17th century pioneers such
as Marcus Zuerius van Boxhorn, Gerardus Vossius, Stephen Skinner, Elisha Coles, and William
Wotton. The first known systematic attempt to prove the relationship between two languages on
the basis of similarity of grammar and lexicon was made in 1770 by the Hungarian, János
Sajnovics, when he attempted to demonstrate the relationship between Sami and Hungarian
(work that was later extended to the whole Finno-Ugric language family in 1799 by his fellow
countryman, Samuel Gyarmathi).[9]

The origin of modern historical linguistics is often traced to Sir William Jones, a Welsh
philologist living in India, who in 1782 observed the genetic relationship between Sanskrit,
Greek and Latin. Jones published his The Sanscrit Language in 1786, laying the foundation for
the field of Indo-European linguistics.[10]

The study of etymology in Germanic philology was introduced by Rasmus Christian Rask in the
early 19th century and elevated to a high standard with the German Dictionary of the Brothers
Grimm. The successes of the comparative approach culminated in the Neogrammarian school of
the late 19th century. Still in the 19th century, German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche used
etymological strategies (principally and most famously in On the Genealogy of Morals, but also
elsewhere) to argue that moral values have definite historical (specifically, cultural) origins
where modulations in meaning regarding certain concepts (such as "good" and "evil") show how
these ideas had changed over time—according to which value-system appropriated them. This
strategy gained popularity in the 20th century, and philosophers, such as Jacques Derrida, have
used etymologies to indicate former meanings of words to de-center the "violent hierarchies" of
Western philosophy.

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