International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

BIOMETRIC BASED ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEM

Prof. Pathak Neeru1, Gite Swapnil2, Pawar Amruta3, Sancheti Sumit4
1Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering.
2,3,4B.E. Students, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering.
Thadomal Shahani Engineering College, Bandra (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
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Abstract - This paper aims to present a new voting system government has to maintain records which is again a
employing biometrics in order to avoid rigging and to tedious process for the government. [1][2][3]
enhance the accuracy and speed of the process. The system To overcome these disadvantages of the previous system,
uses a biometric method for voters identification. The major our project focuses on Biometric verification and digital
two parts of the system are: enrolling and voting. All the record maintenance, because biometrics is becoming an
voting machines are connected to a central database essential component of personal identification solutions.
network, through which data transfer takes place to the Since biometric identifiers cannot be shared or misplaced,
local database. The result is instantaneous and is done and they represent an individual’s identity. In detail it is
finally at the main host itself. The overall cost for conducting discussed in further sections.
elections gets reduced and so does the maintenance cost of 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
the systems.

Keywords: EVM, Fingerprint, Central Database (CBD), From 1948 onwards, India has conducted the election
Local Database (LDB). process at a time interval of 5 years. The following
methods are used to elect an appropriate candidate:

1. INTRODUCTION
A. Paper ballot system
B. Electronic voting machine
In the present day, democracy has become an important
part of people's lives, and to achieve democracy one must A. PAPER BALLOT VOTING SYSTEM
meet several conditions. The heart of democracy is voting
where as the heart of voting is trust that each vote is Paper Ballots were used in India before 1997 for
recorded and tallied with accuracy and impartiality. All conducting the public elections. Votes captured in ballots
earlier elections be it state elections or central elections a can be stored for a very short period as the ink used in
voter used to vote his/her favourite candidate by putting voting may discharge or ballot paper may lose its quality.
the stamp against his/her name and then folding the ballot Proper care has to be taken in maintaining these ballots to
paper as per a prescribed method before putting it in the protect them from humidity, sunlight and other factors,
Ballot Box. This is a long, time-consuming process and very which affect the ballot papers. Once the ballot is corrupted,
much prone to errors. This situation continued till the we cannot recover the original data. After the election
election scene was completely changed by the electronic process, it takes more time and effort for counting the
voting machine. No more ballot paper, ballot boxes, votes manually by checking each ballot paper. Paper is an
stamping, etc. all this condensed into a simple box called Inflammable material accidentally it may catch fire in case
ballot unit of the electronic voting machine. Currently all records will be lost and cannot be recovered and hence
India uses EVM for elections, which is prone to fraud and it the government has to spend extra money for conducting
is tedious to handle the voting machines. EVMs which are reelections. Bogus ballots can be made and in-numerous
used in India do not provide any mechanism by which the fake votes can be casted. Physically disabled people were
voter can verify their identity before casting votes. EVMs facing difficulties in casting their votes, in those cases they
can be tampered during manufacturing, in such cases it needed others' help, but privacy while casting votes was
can manipulate the actual voting. After elections the vomited.[4]
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Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

1. Accuracy: It is not possible for a vote to be altered to

eliminate the invalid vote should not be counted in the
final tally.
2. Democracy: It permits only eligible voters to vote and it
ensures that eligible voters vote only once.
3. Security Problems: One can change the program
installed in the EVM and tamper the results after the
polling.
4. Illegal Voting (Rigging): The very commonly known
problem Rigging which is faced in every electoral
procedure. This can be done externally at the time of
FIG.2.1-BALLOT BOX[5] voting.
5. Privacy: Neither authority nor anyone else can link any
B. ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEM ballot to the voter
6. Verifiability: Independently verification of all votes and
Electronic Voting Machines ("EVM"), Idea mooted tally them correctly.
by the Chief Election Commissioner in 1977. The EVMs proposed method.
were devised and designed by Election Commission of 7. Resume Ability: The system allows any voter to
India in collaboration with Bharat Electronics Limited interrupt the voting process to resume it or restart it while
(BEL), Bangalore and Electronics Corporation of India the poll stands. But the proposed system prevents the
Limited (ECIL), Hyderabad. election from being accurate. [7]
To overcome drawbacks and reduce the manual work we
The EVMs are now manufactured by the above have proposed a new system which is based on biometric
two undertakings. An EVM consists of two units, verification of voters and easy to handle for election
officers.
i) Control Unit 3. PROPOSED METHOD
ii) Balloting Unit In this proposed method, we get the details of voters from
The two units are joined by a five-meter cable. The Control AADHAR CARD database. This information will be
Unit is with the Presiding Officer or a Polling Officer and provided by the government of India. Our proposed
the Balloting Unit is placed inside the voting compartment. method has two databases:

i) Local database (LDB).

ii) Central database (CDB).

This information will be segregated according to the

locality of the voter. Once it is segregated it will be stored
in the local database. All the local databases are
consolidated with the central database. At the time of
election fingerprint access by using a fingerprint sensing
module is used for casting a vote. Fingerprint module is an
FIG.2.2-EVM System [6] automated method of verifying a matching fingerprint and
it can provide security, therefore fingerprint verification
There are many types of problems with EVM which is may be a good choice for electronic voting systems. The
currently in use they are: voter at the polling booth has to scan his/her finger on the
fingerprint module. Fingerprint module scans his/her
fingerprint and sends it to the controller for matching

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scanned fingerprint with stored AADHAR CARD details in displayed indicating unregistered voter. Selection of the
the local database. If the fingerprint matches an already candidate is carried out by the push buttons. The result
stored voter AADHAR CARD database then he/she will be being success or failure is displayed on the LCD display.
verified depending on different terminologies (age, voting 5. WORKING
flag), after which the voter is allowed to pull his/her vote. Our system has three phases:
If not, the controller will send the message to the central ● To enroll
database to verify the voter. If the voter is not verified in ● To caste vote
the central database a message will be displayed by the ● To show result
LCD indicating ‘UNREGISTERED VOTER’. On the other side
if the fingerprint is matched with the CDB the voter will be PHASE-I: TO ENROLL
verified in a similar process as done in the local database
then the voter will be allowed to cast the vote according to
its respective locality. Once all the conditions are satisfied
the voter is allowed to caste the vote and voting is done
successfully. After completion of voting process means
polling of vote, the message will be displayed on LCD
screen “Your Vote Is Successful”. The votes will be stored
separately in a database and will be uploaded to the server
simultaneously.
4. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

FIG. 4.1 - BLOCK DIAGRAM [8]

The above figure consists of a power supply, fingerprint FIG.5.1-Flow chart(to enroll)
module, Arduino, push buttons, LCD display, LED and
buzzer. Power supply is of 5V which is connected to all
components. The information regarding the voter is stored
in a database. Fingerprint module is used to scan the
fingers of voters. If the fingerprint is matched with data
stored in the database then the voter is allowed to vote
and if the fingerprint is not matched then a message will be

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

PHASE - II: TO CAST VOTE PHASE - III: TO SHOW RESULT

FIG.5.3-Flow chart(to show result)

6. CONCLUSION
FIG.5.2-Flow chart(to cast vote)

Fingerprints are considered as one of the most popular

biometric methods used for human recognition. Every
person in the globe is born with a unique fingerprint even
twins are born with totally different fingerprints and
fingerprints are naturally unchangeable throughout life.
For that reason a fingerprint voting system has been made
and the person ID has been replaced with his fingerprint.
This fingerprint voting system is implemented and
evaluated successfully. The final result of the fingerprint
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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

voting system was amazingly significant and compatible 8. REFERENCES

with other voting systems. The system’s accuracy came
from the image enhancement by removing or reducing the
[1] Firas I. Hazzaa, Seifedine Kadry, Oussama Kassem Zein
noise. Once the polling machine is programmed even the
“Web-Based Voting System Using Fingerprint:
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Design and Implementation”
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[6] “https://thewire.in/tech/vvpats-can-be- hacked-
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possible in the present system.

7. FUTURE SCOPE

1. Protect all the system by providing secure channels,

encrypt data, and protect servers.
2. Increase security levels of the admin login process by
adding a second level of security.
3. Using a twain driver for the fingerprint scanner will
allow the web application to read fingerprint data through
the finger scanner directly, and send it to the web service
for verification.
4. Using the GSM module in the circuit we can send a
message to the voters before and after voting.
5. System can be further improved by adding face
detection technology.
6. Retina scanning can also be implemented.

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