What is an IoT Solution?

An IoT Solution is a seamlessly integrated bundle of

technologies, including many sensors, that companies can
purchase to solve a problem and/or create new organizational
value.
IoT Solution Example #1 – Refrigeration Monitoring

Problem

In the food services industry, if the temperature of refrigeration units

falls below a certain threshold, all the food needs to be thrown out. To
make sure this doesn’t happen, people manually check fridge
temperatures and log them on a piece of paper. This approach is highly
costly, it isn’t real-time, and it’s prone to error.

Solution

Use sensors to measure temperature in refrigeration units and

automatically trigger alerts if the temperature falls below a set
threshold. Resources that would otherwise be spent employing people
to check can instead be spent elsewhere and the real-time monitoring
and alerting drastically reduces severe issues.
IoT Solution Example #2 – Vehicle Asset Tracking

Problem
At automotive auctions and dealerships, finding a car on a large parking
lot with hundreds or thousands of cars can be extremely difficult. Cars
can be moved unknowingly, and then, when it’s time to find that specific
car (whether to prepare it for auction or to enable a customer to test
drive), it can’t be found. To make sure this doesn’t happen, people
manually scan every single vehicle every day to record where they’re
located. This approach is highly costly, it isn’t in real-time, it’s prone to
error and it can hurt the customer experience.
Solution
Use trackers on cars to acquire their GPS position and automatically
update on a map display, enabling users to know exactly where every
car is right now and not waste hours hunting down a specific vehicle.
Resources that would otherwise be spent employing dedicated people
to scan every car and hunt down lost cars can instead be spent
elsewhere.
Need and Goals for IoT solution
10 reasons why you need an IoT solution

 Whether we believe or not in the term IoT, and consequently in the need of
having an IoT solution, there is something clear: wireless connectivity and
processing technology have lowered their barriers. There are plenty of
hardware manufacturers that are creating new connected devices, new
applications and new business processes. Products, services and
workflows are being shaped by new information coming from new,
scattered places.

 On one hand, companies that have already been in the market will already
have IT systems, databases and processing capabilities. Will they have
enough with their architecture in order to handle this new IoT products and
services? In our opinion is that, sooner or later, companies will find new
problems and situations that will make them reshape the systems, in terms
of software capabilities, hardware power, security issues… Above of all, the
main challenge they will face, will be the business workflows that support
the delivery of goods standing up on the Internet of Things.
 On the other hand there will be new companies that will
be launching new products, or similarly, companies that
are launching totally new departments with the goal of
creating a disruptive gadget that will be connected to
cloud applications taking care of some business. In this
case, IT will grow steadily from scratch, being able to
adapt to new discoveries and needs.

 But here, our opinion, is that they will face hard decisions
related with business processes, probably because that
making priorities usually relegates designing workflow
automation in benefit of business features, which is
correct, but not totally. It’s important to have always an
eye open in order to avoid future unwished situations.
There is a list of benefits for any company to adopt an IoT platform, and help them
focus on their business instead of on the Internet of Things technologies.

1. Single point for adapting protocols and data models for gathering the information
and managing the communications
2. Easiness for adding new business applications through common interfaces.
3. Creates common best-practices for IoT solutions, specially in defining protocols
and deployment processes
4. Scale connectivity and data floods separately from the rest of the organization,
allowing for the other application to keep running
5. Adapt to existing workflows through state-of-the-art integration mechanisms
6. Unify Device Management capabilities, simplifying corporate management
7. Separate raw data from business data, dedicating a BigData common for all the
businesses
8. Add common IoT functionalities, like threshold detection, to all applications,
implementing only once
9. Secures connectivity with devices in a separate layer, simplifying
10. Centralises and reduces the knowledge and task force required to operate and
maintain device and connectivity issues
 Enterprises are still hesitant to adopt IoT, but why?

 The Internet of Things market has now become aggressively competitive

and most organizations are looking to implement IoT solutions for their
business growth. Already, this technology has drastically evolved with
more and more devices capable of connecting to the internet.

 The IoT technology is being incorporated in various industries such as

manufacturing, agriculture, retail, healthcare, logistics, supply chain, oil &
gas, mining, construction and more.

 IoT solutions enable machines and people to communicate with each

other, thereby making business operations smoother than ever. While
many businesses have embraced IoT, there are still many organizations
who find IoT adoption an uphill battle.
Barriers to IoT adoption
1. Security concerns

• The prime purpose of IoT is to connect devices with

each other via the internet. As numerous devices are
acquiring connectivity, there are high chances of risks
of digital theft, malware ingestion and data breaches.
Hackers constantly look for end-users data and this is
why industries must implement modern technologies,
like biometrics or cryptography to build IoT solutions
and protect their data from potential security threats.
2. Network connectivity problems
• One of the biggest challenges of IoT adoption is connecting numerous devices. The
majority of the organizations which have implemented IoT have a centralized,
server/client paradigm to authenticate, authorize and connect different nodes in a
network. However, this model is sufficient for the current IoT ecosystem where around
tens, hundreds or thousands of devices exist.

• On the other hand, when the network grows to billions of devices, then the
aforementioned centralized system would become an obstruction. In such a scenario,
systems will require huge investments in maintaining cloud servers that can manage a
massive amount of information exchange. But then, if the server becomes unavailable, it
will take the entire system down with it.

• Nowadays organizations are trying to decentralize IoT networks, which mean that they
will use edge computing to perform time-critical operations and cloud servers for data
gathering and analytics. Yet this model also comes with its own set of challenges. Hence,
improper internet connectivity is also one of the many challenges faced by industries in
IoT adoption.
3. Compatibility issues
• IoT is enhancing in many ways and there is no specific international
standard of compatibility that companies developing IoT devices
adhere to. So, this makes IoT solution deployment difficult as it might
create a requirement of additional hardware and software for
connecting devices.

• Also, companies invest in IoT capable devices from different

manufacturers; so there is a certain possibility of compatibility issues
between gadgets. And if the IoT capable devices fail to communicate
with each other, then companies may have to purchase IoT products
exclusively from one single producer until an international standard
has been defined.

• Some of the other compatibility problems arise from a lack of

standardized M2M protocols, non-unified cloud services, and variety
in firmware and other operating systems among IoT devices.
4. Lack of resources and infrastructure

• IoT devices gather an enormous amount of data. Yet, for industries to gain
meaningful insights from the data to make better business decisions there
is a necessity of a powerful analytics tool as well as skilled resources. So,
organizations cannot implement an end-to-end IoT solution without hiring
the right talent.

• They also need a workable solution for data storage as it keeps growing.
Using centralized data storage for storing real-time data is unmanageable.
Thus, companies must migrate to a distributed cloud platform from
centralized data storage. Moreover, companies must ensure that they have
proper infrastructure that seamlessly manages IoT connected devices,
sensors, as well as the data coming from it.
5. Choosing the best IoT platform provider

• The majority of companies looking to implement IoT

choose to outsource their IoT solutions because finding the
right IoT service provider is one of the most critical tasks.

• Every company wants an IoT platform that offers great

scalability, end-to-end infrastructure disaster recovery and
optimized results, without compromising on the precision
and efficiency.

• Although, looking for the right IoT vendor that provides the
best IoT solutions is like looking for a needle in a haystack.
Development of IoT Solution
1. Define Your Business Objective
• IoT lends itself really well to both:
• Internal Applications that improve business operations, to drive
operational efficiencies and reduce costs.

• Consumer Engagement Applications that deliver a better user

experience or open new revenue streams.

• Many companies find it effective to focus first on an internal

application, such as an inventory management or monitoring
application. You can launch a pilot quickly to show how the
solution works, and to demonstrate business value, and then
move onto consumer-facing areas that you have identified.
Goal and opportunities of IoT

What’s your IoT opportunity?

• New revenue streams

• Sales growth
• Customer experience
• Cost savings
• Workforce efficiency
• Supply chain and logistics
• Asset utilization
• Innovation
2. Choose an IoT SaaS(Software as a service)
Platform
At the heart of every IoT implementation is the IoT
software platform. The IoT platform is the
brain behind the solution – the technology that connects
everything together and allows you
to both develop and manage the end solution across all
systems.

The IoT platform you choose will be one of your key

strategic decisions, as it is a long-term
investment on which you will evolve your initial solution,
and create new solutions that can
impact multiple areas of your business.
Key Considerations When Evaluating IoT Platforms
A. Open Platform for Integration Flexibility

 It is crucial that your platform can be integrated easily with other platforms and
technologies, with future technologies that come on the market, as well as your legacy
system.

 Avoid being locked into a proprietary solution, to help you maintain flexibility, and to easily
meet your growing solution requirements.

B. Scalable for Evolving Needs

 You will want a platform that is highly scalable to meet your evolving needs, such as adding
new applications, features, devices, users, locations and more. Be aware that while pricing
models based on number of connected devices might be the most cost effective solution
for a pilot it may turn into the most cost prohibitive at scale.

 The platform should also allow you to easily scale up or down your requirements for
storage, big data analytics and processing.
C. Tools for Rapid App Development

 A platform that provides a modular approach to app development

will enable you to quickly create, test and launch new applications.
Pre-built starter kits with modular templates, a robust API library, and
a test environment that meet both your current and future needs are
key.

D. Hybrid Capabilities - Edge and Cloud Computing

 A hybrid platform will give you the best of both worlds: An onsite
service for immediacy of critical data, operational efficiency and
localized analytics to provide actionable output in near real-time. And
big data analysis and storage in the cloud to help with overall
operational and business efficiencies.
E. Remote Device and Hardware Management
 A key to your IoT solution is a platform that provides remote access
capabilities for management, reconfigurations, updates and setting
controls, especially when processing between local networks and the
cloud.
F.Device/Protocol Agnostic
 An open platform can be integrated with nearly any connected device in
the same straightforward way. The more agnostic your platform is, the
easier it is to create and evolve your solution without restrictions
G. Big Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence
 Your IoT platform must be able to address your big data analytics
requirements. IoT devices generate continuous streams of data, and you
must be able to handle large data volumes, analyze, and perform actions
based on that data. Artificial intelligence, machine learning algorithms
and predictive analytics are critical components of your IoT solution, and
will provide actionable insights beyond basic diagnostics.
H. Privacy and Security
•
Security is a vital part of every IoT solution. You must be able to manage end-to-
end data encryption at rest and in motion for both user and device authentication.
Make sure that your entire solution includes a robust security architecture with
role and access management, end point security, and secure transactions between
devices, apps and with the cloud.

I. Trigger and Action Management

•
Your IoT platform should drive engagement by employing rules-based, data-driven
triggers that enable “smart” actions. Rules engines should be able to handle the
logic creation of “if-then” statements with multiple object types and combination
of queries.
3. Select Hardware and Devices
 hardware is a broad category, with several device applications, ranging from
user devices, such as wearables, to sensors that monitor nearly anything.

 There are a wide range of off-the-shelf devices that can address most IoT
applications. If the functionality you require is not readily available, there
are original design manufacturers (ODMs) that can build a custom device
that addresses your needs. Hardware manufacturers should be willing to
work with you to define the requirements that will make your software
and communication protocols compatible within the device.

 There are new hardware devices from numerous vendors becoming

available just about every day across several industries, from healthcare to
robotics to the home and more. You will want to work with your IoT
partners to help you evaluate the various hardware and device solutions in
order to determine the best ones for your implementation
 4. Identify the Communication Protocol(s)
• The communications protocol connects your devices to each other,
and to your IoT platform. Your solution may require multiple
protocols, therefore you will want to ensure that your IoT platform is
flexible, to integrate with several of them.
• The communication protocols will be based on a range of
requirements, which can include:

• Bandwidth / Data Usage Requirements – the amount of data

throughput per device
• Geographic Range – from a small indoor space to a wide range
outdoors
• Security / Access –public or private access to the network
• Device Choice – different devices run over different communications
protocols
• Frequency – always-on or intermittent availability
Contd…
• The amount of data you need, the frequency you need it, and over what
distance will help you determine your communications technology.
•
For example, if you want to read a meter once per month to create a bill,
this is a low amount of data at wide time interval and across a huge
geography, which lends itself to LPWANs like Ingenu. LPWANs are leveraged
in industries and applications such as agriculture, cities, buildings, utilities
and gas.
•
Typically, if you are connecting several low-powered devices like sensors,
meters or lights over a larger geographic range, LPWANs can help connect
to the internet at significant cost savings of about one dollar per device vs.
ten to twenty-five dollars with a longer battery life.
•
Conversely, if you need to know the traffic flow through your retail store in
order to determine product placement and trigger notifications in real-
time, cellular networks, Bluetooth or Wi-Fi would work well, like Project
Avatar .
5. Build and Deploy
Key Considerations

1. Deployment Model
• One of your key decisions is how to deploy your IoT platform – on premise, in the
cloud, or through a hybrid model. There are advantages to each approach. Much of
the decision depends on the type of data you need to store, and your organization’s
attitude toward cloud computing. Some of the reasons to consider on-premise
deployment range from regulations, to security concerns, to connectivity and
speed issues.

• Many companies prefer a cloud solution, such as Amazon Web Services, because
they can deploy more quickly and at a lower development and maintenance costs,
and have an agile, scalable platform that allows them to start small and add or
subtract new devices and data streams as needed. Some companies prefer a hybrid
model, due to the limitations of operating in either a solely dedicated or public
cloud environment. The hybrid approach offers benefits, such as enhanced
security, while leveraging the cost and scalability benefits of the cloud.
Contd…
2. Development Resources
Will you be using In-house development resources, or will you outsource
development of your solution? Some outside development partners will work
with your internal team, enabling you to take a hybrid development approach .

3. Hardware
There are a range of considerations to take into account when choosing
hardware, from custom development requirements to environmental
conditions. Off-the-shelf hardware is available for most IoT applications. If the
functionality you need isn’t readily available, you may choose to work with an
ODM to build a custom device.

4. Launch Strategy
Should you launch with a limited pilot, or roll out your solution company-wide?
As we noted earlier, an effective approach to consider is to start with a pilot that
addresses one or two business objectives, and build from there. This gives you
the opportunity to launch rapidly, and quickly demonstrate success. Then you
can consider adding additional functionality, or launching company-wide
Contd…
5. Location Logistics
• During your planning phase, it’s important to pay close attention
to location logistics associated with equipment installation. Are
there environmental issues that need to be considered? Existing
materials or equipment that should be addressed? Are there
employee or customer factors to take into account?

• Florida Hospital Celebration Health At Florida Hospital

Celebration Health, surgery patients are tagged with real-time
location system (RTLS) badges that track their progress from the
pre-op room to the surgical suite to the recovery unit. Family
members follow the process on a TV in the waiting room.
6. Selling Your Plan Internally
Demonstrate Alignment with Strategic Goals

 Show how your IoT investment meets strategic goals, keeping in mind that goals are very
likely to evolve over time. By focusing on the strategic business requirements that your IoT
solution is meant to solve, you’ll be more successful communicating its value.

Communicate Business Results

 Make it a priority to communicate the business results your IoT solution aims to achieve.
Can your IoT solution grow sales, save money, improve efficiencies, impact your customer
relationships?
Communicate Success Factors

 How will you measure success? Is it cost or time savings? Acquisition of new customers?
Often companies will do a limited pilot and after hitting their goals, will roll out the
solution throughout the organization.
Demonstrate Company-Wide Value
Your IoT solution can impact your entire business — not
just one or two departments. Demonstrate how your IoT
solution adds value throughout your organization.
Show Business Transformation
Communicate how your IoT solution has the potential to
facilitate business transformation. What new businesses
will your IoT solution open? How will it modernize
operations or redefine product offerings?
Communicate Future Opportunities
Help stakeholders understand that the initial solution is just
the beginning. Sell the vision; get people excited about how
the platform can evolve over time and impact their
business areas. Provide future examples and areas that will
create new revenue streams.
Generalized 5 Layer Model of an End-to-End IoT Solution
1. Device layer:
Adding MCUs and firmware to basic hardware (e.g., sensors and
actuators) creates “simple” connected devices. Adding MPUs and Oss
makes these connected devices “smart”.
2. Communication layer:
Enabling communication to the outside world through various
connectivity networks gives the devices a “voice”.
3. Cloud Services layer:
Ingesting, analyzing and interpreting the data at scale through cloud
technologies generates “insights”.
4. Application layer:
Connecting and enhancing these insights to the greater ecosystem
through a system of engagements enables “action” through a vast range
of new applications and connected services.
5. Security cross-layer:
Securing an IoT solution is an element of such importance that it merits
an established “foundation” in each of the other building blocks.
Planning for IoT Solutions:
Evaluate cost
• When planning an IoT project, it’s all too easy to focus on the devices.
That can lead to a very hardware-centric viewpoint when budgeting.
As IoT experts and experienced organizations will tell you, the true
cost of an IoT project is a little more complicated—but it can be
optimized with the right tools and the right partners.

• A good rule of thumb is that the total cost of an IoT project costs
equals the cost of implementation plus the cost of operation. In
basic terms, you’re talking about setting it up and then keeping it
running.
• If we take a closer look at the first part, the cost of implementation,
we can break that down further into the cost
of hardware, software and communication. As we can see, too
many moving parts are involved here and without a proper plan,
the cost of creating an IoT solution can exceed the budget very soon
1. IoT hardware costs
• A common pitfall in IoT projects is to focus on the devices. But in IoT project
development, the device shouldn’t be the starting point. It will often take a
few iterations before the device design is finalized. To avoid expensive
hardware iterations, you should start with a digital device simulator like
Bridgera digital twin.

• By using this IoT software solution, you can mimic the data capture and
connectivity of physical devices. Build the entire solution using the
simulator and once you are happy with the outcome, go for the design and
development of the physical hardware device. This approach will eliminate
multiple expensive and lengthy hardware iterations and will definitely save
time and money.

• Also, try to use pre-certified modules while designing the IoT device. This
will reduce the cost of certification and also will reduce the risk of failure
with certification testing to a great extent.
2. IoT software costs
• Reinventing the wheel is the surest way to increase costs
unnecessarily. Instead of subscribing to an IoT development
platform like AWS or Azure and trying to build a full IoT
solution from the ground up, make use of an application
enablement platform (AEP).

• An AEP like Bridgera Monitoring provides a single end-to-end

IoT integration platform that minimizes points of contact and
reduces the moving parts that can contribute to runaway
costs. Bridgera Monitoring offers everything that
organizations ultimately hope to gain from an IoT solution,
including an IoT cloud platform, an intuitive
dashboard, custom apps and analytics. The approach of
configuration & customization instead of building from
scratch will surely reduce the development cost of an IoT
solution.
3. IoT communication costs
• Keeping IoT costs down involves streamlining every
part of an IoT project. And that includes data
communication. Lightweight messaging protocols like
MQTT and CoAP in combination with less expensive,
low-bandwidth data plans such as NB-IoT and LTE Cat-
M1 can reduce communication overhead.

• Of course, to keep data communication in check and

determine the most efficient solution, it helps to have
guidance from an expert IoT implementation partner.
This may involve optimizing the payloads or
recommendation for the right RF strategy.
 What is Massive IoT?
• As the name suggest, Massive IoT is the deployment of an
immense amount of low-complexity devices that do not need to
communicate with great frequency. Performance does not need to
be high, and low transmission latency is not a requirement. Typical
use cases include low-cost sensors, meters, wearables and
trackers.

• Many of these can be deployed in challenging radio

environments, such as a basement of a building or on a moving
piece of machinery, and will be relied upon to send occasional
signals for up to 10 years, without a change of battery. This makes
power consumption and conservation critical aspects.
 NB-IoT and Cat-M1
• NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) and Cat-M1, which are both 3GPP standardized
technologies. While very complementary to each other, they are addressing
different types of use cases based on the strength of the capabilities of the
two technologies.

• NB-IoT supports ultra-low complexity devices with very narrow bandwidth,

200 kHz. Due to its narrow bandwidth, the data rate peaks at around 250
kbs per second. An NB-IoT carrier can be deployed even in guard-band of an
LTE carrier to use the spectrum that is otherwise unused.

• On the other hand, Cat-M1 operates at 1.4 MHz bandwidth with higher
device complexity/cost than NB-IoT. The wider bandwidth allows Cat-M1 to
achieve greater data rates (up to 1 Mbps), lower latency and more accurate
device positioning capabilities. Cat-M1 supports voice calls and connected
mode mobility. As an example: If you need a mnemonic device to keep
them straight, the “M” in Cat-M1 can stand for “mobility.”
• Both NB-IoT and Cat-M1 devices can sleep for extended
periods of time with extended Discontinuous Reception
(eDRX) and Power Saving Mode (PSM) functionalities,
which greatly reduces device power consumption.

• Furthermore, both technologies support enhanced

signal coverage per base station. With extreme
coverage capability, NB-IoT is ideal for supporting very
low data rate applications in extremely challenging
radio conditions.
4. Cost of IoT operation
• Once you’ve optimized the cost of implementation
of your IoT project, you still have the second half of
the equation: cost of operation. This is where it
pays to have an experienced partner, because
operation continues for the life of your IoT project.
Constant optimizations can lead to ongoing ROI.

• A skilled IoT solutions provider, have the cross-

industry expertise needed to reduce data usage,
minimize IoT device power consumption, optimize
your IoT cloud infrastructure and help you leverage
the insight of IoT analytics.
Effective IoT Practices to Get
Ahead of the Competition
 Companies are investing in IoT at a rapid speed, with innovation
occurring across industries. There are brands launching their own
versions of smart delivery, wearables, and health monitoring devices.
 On a larger scale, companies are using IoT applications to gain
logistics and supply chain advantages over their competitors. This has
given rise to a new industry that focuses on IoT as the core platform.
 The global IoT domain is said to double in the next few years,
reaching $520 Billion by 2021. Researchers estimate that the data
center and analytics domain will be the fastest growing space
showing upwards of 50 percent growth CAGR. The rise of adoption of
IoT can be attributed to the use cases available for IoT applications.
From home automation to workflow optimization, IoT has
overarching benefits that go beyond geographies.
Ways in which IoT applications can be
leveraged to get ahead of the competition?
1. Integrating IoT With Current Business Processes

 While cloud computing is ubiquitous, bringing large

scale advantages across the board, there is a need for
increased integration. Upwards of 50 billion connected
devices are said to be present by next year, all requiring
integration at the core technical level. Managers need
to look at how IoT applications can be better integrated
into systems for a greater competitive edge.
•
• In the financial domain, IoT can be used for better asset
maintenance and reporting. This can help alleviate
much of the stress revolving asset valuation and
lifespan.

a) Companies can also gain leverage by creating IoT

based payment mechanisms for stakeholders.

b) Employees can use wristbands and ID cards for a more

streamlined payment function, and customers can use
chips that allow them to make transactions. This is
especially advantageous if your business is in the
events space or has a large number of employees
working globally. It helps to streamline everything into
one system.
For logistics firms, companies can mandate greater
control over shipment and tracking.
a) They can assign individual IoT devices to fleet or
packages of higher value.
b) They can then track real-time data that is
transmitted using Wi-Fi or cellular network. This
enables greater control over the entire process,
giving you a greater edge when it comes to the
competition. The logistics and supply chain spaces
are dominated by companies that are working with
IoT devices on a regular basis.
 2. Focusing on Automation via IoT
• One of the most important areas of impact that IoT provides is a reduction
in operating cost. This means that automation can not only increase
efficiency but provide cost reduction across the board. The cost reduction is
directly passed on to the customers, which gives greater market share over
time.

• The resulting efforts of automation via IoT create long-term business value
for all participants in the marketplace. The competitive advantage becomes
maximized when the scale comes into the picture. Automation, at scale,
enables companies to deliver greater value for stakeholders involved. This
has a long-term impact on businesses that operate under highly
competitive environments.

• IoT also enhances the efficiency of your automated systems. From a

technological perspective, IoT enables all machines to be connected under
one overarching system. In the healthcare domain, this means rapid
prototyping and testing at scale for larger patient sets. In the infrastructure
sphere, this includes creating higher yield products that bond better
internally. The overall impact that IoT has is immense when compared to
how automation is changing the sphere of the global economy.
3. Develop a More Secure IoT Ecosystem
• The biggest challenge for the IoT industry right now is in the cybersecurity space. Companies
are trying to make their systems more secure while scaling up operations across
geographies, ensuring that the entire ecosystem is secure is critical. This is done through
effective pen-testing and real-time analytics so that you’re able to receive the right
information. You can also gain the right insights when you’re connected to all IoT devices
and applications currently running.

• The connection gateway, database, and end-point sensors should all be protected against
common threats, including ransomware and crypto jacking. IoT applications need to be
made more secure so that you can get maximum value out of your operations. The addition
of cybersecurity also makes the overall IoT offering more competitive in the marketplace.
Companies that dedicate more resources to cybersecurity are seen as more favorable to
engage with long term.

• Developing a more secure IoT ecosystem also ensures that future additions to applications
are seamless. There are no barriers to adding new features and updating them across the
board. A secure IoT application is a critical asset that should be well maintained over time.
That’s why developing a more secure IoT ecosystem is important.

• Key areas such as data processing, storage, and management should also be made more
secure. This can be done by hiring key resources or outsourcing the security to a firm.
Decision makers can also strengthen their development framework by enhancing their
device management and network management capabilities. There should be a holistic
approach when it comes to IoT application development and security to ensure effective
utility and competitive advantages.
 Technology challenges of IoT

1. Compatibility and Interoperability of Different IoT systems

2. Identification and Authentication of Technologies
3. Integration of IoT Products with IoT Platforms
4. Connectivity
5. Handling Unstructured Data
6. Data Capturing Capabilities
7. Intelligent Analytics
8. Data Security and Privacy Issues
9. Consumer Awareness
10.Delivering Value
 Internal resource considerations
6 Steps To Determine Your Internal Resources

Step 1: Analysing Your Internal Factors in SWOT

Step 2: Evaluating Your Human Resources
Step 3: Writing Financial Section
Step 4: Preparing Your Physical Resources and Technical Capabilities
Step 5: Setting Up Your Organizational and Operational Structure
Step 6: Knowing What Makes You Different
 Stakeholder buy-in
• A stakeholder is any person or group that affects, or is
affected by a particular project. Along the path to
completing your project, stakeholders can be partners,
resources or roadblocks -- and potentially all three
rolled into one. Stakeholder buy-in, the cooperation or
positive participation of a stakeholder, is the preferred
condition for any successful project.

• consider the process of engaging stakeholders in terms

of Head, Heart, and Hands.
• Frequent targeted communications help the head
to understand, intellectually, why the change is
necessary.

• Next, stakeholders come to believe in their hearts

that the change is the right thing to do for the
company and themselves personally. This is buy-in
in its purest form.

• Finally, the hands must become competent

through training and practice to bring the change
to fruition.
Five Steps To Improve Stakeholder Buy-in:
1. Identify at least one person on your team who is "on the hook" for
stakeholder buy-in. This person should have a background in employee
communication, change management, or large-scale program
management.
2. Take time to assess the baseline “buy-in level” of your stakeholders
going in to your project by conducting interviews or surveys. This will
help you understand stakeholder concerns as well as identify potential
pockets of resistance.
3. Document specific actions senior leaders can take to ensure buy-in at
all levels of the organization. Write email templates for them. Set up
town hall meetings. Help them help you, by providing step-by-step
instructions.
4. Measure your progress. Conduct stakeholder interviews and surveys
throughout the course of your project to see what’s working and
what’s not, so you can make adjustments along the way.
5. Read up on organizational change management. Books like Leading
Change and Accelerate by John Kotter are a great place to start.
IoT Solutions: Examples
 The Case: SCANIA
Utilizing vehicle data, what is the next service or solution for the
transportation industry?

• Create a solution using vehicle data available through the

industry standardized remote fleet management interface, for
one or more of these actors: the driver, the haulier, the
transport/logistics company or the transport buyer.

• To be successful you will need to find innovative or novel

ways of using the vehicle data to enable the truck driver; the
haulier; the transport company or the transport buyer to
lower the environmental impact of transports. Your solution
should minimize the impact of the individual transport and
the transports done by a fleet of vehicles.
Criteria
The following criteria will be considered when assessing the
proposed solutions:

• Feasibility: Can the solution be brought to market with knowledge

and techniques present today?
• Environmental friendliness: Is the solution environmentally
beneficial?
• Novelty and innovation: Does it solve an existing or future
problem or need in the market? In what way does it do it better
than other known solutions? Does the concept enable intellectual
property possibilities?
• Business value: How would Scania generate business from the
solution? Can it open up new segments or categories? Can
business be generated from other novel aspects?
• End user value: How will your solution increase the value and
experience for the end user ?
 The Case
What new consumer experiences could be created from digitalizing
Tetra Pak® packages?

• Smart packages that increase the consumer UX.

How could new technologies be used to fulfill
existing or future consumer needs when it comes to
packaging?
Criteria
The following criteria will be considered when assessing the
proposed solutions:

• Feasibility: Can the solution be brought to market with knowledge

and techniques present today? Does the concept fit any of the
targeted three carton packages, Tetra Rex®, Tetra Top® or Tetra
Evero® Aseptic?

• Novelty and innovation: Does it solve an existing or future

problem or need in the market? In what way does it do it better
than other known solutions? Does the concept enable intellectual
properties possibilities?

• Business value: How would Tetra Pak generate business from the
solution? Can it increase the sale of packages for existing
products? Can it open up new segments or categories? Can
business be generated from other novel aspects?
​
Tetra Pak packaging solutions for food and beverages
1. Push the straw back in the pack
• A simple way to reduce waste is to make sure
everything ends up in the proper bin rather than on our
roads, landscapes and waterways. For packages that
have a straw or screw cap, push the straw back in the
empty pack or re-attach the cap when you are finished
with your drink before disposing.
2. Sustainable carton packages
• Our ambition is to deliver packages that contribute to a
low-carbon circular economy that is packages made
entirely from renewable and/or recycled materials that
are fully recyclable, without ever compromising on
food safety requirements.
3. Tetra Pak® Connected Package
• Digitalisation is changing the role of packaging. The
Connected Package allows food and beverage
producers to turn their packages into full-scale data
carriers offering increased traceability, and value for
each stakeholder in the entire value chain.
• No longer is packaging only about product protection
and functionality – it is about connectivity and
unleashing unlimited possibilities.

4. Attractiveness with a simple look

• Every brand looks for that special something to make it
unique and distinct from others. Tetra Pak® Craft
packaging material effect visually enhances your
brand's expression and the beverage carton's
environmental credentials.
5. Sustainably sourced packaging reduces your
environmental impact.
• 91% of consumers frequently look for
environmental logos when shopping. With
recyclable, responsibly sourced packaging made
from renewable materials, you can build a position
as a sustainable business leader.
 The Case: NOBIA
How could an intelligent and connected kitchen make your cooking,
storage and everyday life easier?

• Nobia wants to offer the smart kitchen, a kitchen

that helps cooking, storage and sustainability. The
challenge is to create a kitchen that functions as a
space for more than just cooking and eating.
Criteria
The following criterias will be considered when assessing the
proposed solutions:

• Feasibility: Can the solution be brought to market with knowledge

and techniques present today?

• Novelty and innovation: Does it solve an existing or future

problem or need in the market? In what way does it do it better
than other known solutions?

• Business value: How would Nobia generate business from the

solution? Can it open up new segments or categories? Can
business be generated from other novel aspects?

• End consumer value: How will your solution increase the value
and experience for the end user