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Pictorial Presentations

This document discusses different types of pictorial presentation techniques used to represent 3D objects, including orthographic projection, perspective, isometric, and oblique drawings. Perspective drawings use 1, 2, or 3 vanishing points and lines converging to convey depth. Isometric drawings represent objects at fixed 30 degree angles to show multiple sides. Oblique drawings place the projection plane at an angle other than 90 degrees for a simpler representation of 3D objects.

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395 views28 pages

Pictorial Presentations

This document discusses different types of pictorial presentation techniques used to represent 3D objects, including orthographic projection, perspective, isometric, and oblique drawings. Perspective drawings use 1, 2, or 3 vanishing points and lines converging to convey depth. Isometric drawings represent objects at fixed 30 degree angles to show multiple sides. Oblique drawings place the projection plane at an angle other than 90 degrees for a simpler representation of 3D objects.

Uploaded by

Haroon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pictorial Presentation

 Orthographic Projection
 We have studied so far
 Multiple Views
 Each view is 2 Dimensional
 Accurate and Unambiguous

Any problem with it?


Pictorial Presentation
Orthographic Projection
Any problem with it?
 Difficult to visualize the object
 Technical drawing – only experts can interpret it

Solution?
 Pictorial Presentation
 Give a 3D presentation of the image
Pictorial Presentation
Pictorial Presentation

 Types

1. Perspective
2. Isometric
3. Oblique
Pictorial Presentation
Perspective

 Real-world objects are


perspective

 Closer objects look bigger


than objects far

 Perspective pictorial shows the view seen by eye or


camera
Pictorial Presentation
Perspective

 Perspective Systems
 One Point Perspective
 Two Point Perspective
 Three Point Perspective
Pictorial Presentation
Perspective
One Point Perspective
 Using one perspective, parallel lines converge to one
point – Vanishing Point
 Gives impression of depth
Pictorial Presentation
Perspective
One Point Perspective
 Draw one side

 Select a vanishing point

 Draw faint lines from


corners to vanishing point
Pictorial Presentation
Perspective
One Point Perspective
 Draw horizontal and
vertical lines for back side

 Go over faint perspective


and make the lines dark
Pictorial Presentation
Perspective
Two Point Perspective

 More useful system


 Gives natural look
 Has 2 Vanishing Points
 2 dimensions have perspective
 Vertical lines don’t have perspective
Pictorial Presentation
Perspective
Two Point Perspective

 Select 2 Vanishing points

 Join them by a line – Horizon

 Draw lines from ends of edges


of cube to vanishing points
Pictorial Presentation
Perspective
Two Point Perspective

 Draw edges of part which


can be seen

 Draw guidelines from edges


to either vanishing point
Pictorial Presentation
Perspective
Two Point Perspective

 Draw outline of the part


Pictorial Presentation
Perspective
Three Point Perspective

 All three dimensions have


perspective

 2 VPs on horizon
 3rd VP above or below horizon
 Gives perspective to the vertical
dimensions
Pictorial Presentation
Perspective
Three Point Perspective
Pictorial Presentation
Isometric

 Mathematical way of drawing


3D objects

 True lengths drawn at certain


angles

 Shows 2 sides of object and


Top or Bottom
Pictorial Presentation
Isometric

 All vertical lines are drawn


vertically

 All horizontal lines are drawn


at some angle – mostly 30 deg
Pictorial Presentation
Isometric
Drawing a box

 Draw front vertical edge

 Sides are drawn at 300 to horizontal

 True (actual) length of sides at angles


is taken
Pictorial Presentation
Isometric
Drawing a box

 Draw the back vertical lines

 Draw the top view with all lines at


300 to horizontal line
Pictorial Presentation
Isometric
Drawing complicated Shape

 Using box method helps


Pictorial Presentation
Isometric
Drawing complicated Shape

 Draw the Guide Box


Pictorial Presentation
Isometric
Drawing complicated Shape

 To get true shape, we need to


remove area from guide box
Pictorial Presentation
Isometric
Drawing complicated Shape

 Draw heavy outlines of the object


Pictorial Presentation
Oblique

 Projection plane at any angle other


than 90 deg

 Crude method of showing 3D object

 Easy to draw

 2 Dimensional Object with forced depth

 Generally drawn at 45 Deg


Pictorial Presentation
Oblique

Types of Oblique Projection

 Cavalier
 Cabinet
 General
Pictorial Presentation
Oblique
Types of Oblique Projection
Cavalier
 Receding axes are same as true length
Pictorial Presentation
Oblique

Types of Oblique Projection


Cabinet
 Receding Axes are half of true length
Pictorial Presentation
Oblique

Types of Oblique Projection


General
 Receding Axes are greater than half and less than true
length

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