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Boyles Law

Boyle's law states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional when temperature is held constant. It can be represented by the equation PV=k, where P is pressure, V is volume, and k is a constant. Some applications that demonstrate Boyle's law include scuba diving, aerosol cans, opening soda bottles or cans, basketballs bouncing, syringes, and the operation of internal combustion engines.

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148 views2 pages

Boyles Law

Boyle's law states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional when temperature is held constant. It can be represented by the equation PV=k, where P is pressure, V is volume, and k is a constant. Some applications that demonstrate Boyle's law include scuba diving, aerosol cans, opening soda bottles or cans, basketballs bouncing, syringes, and the operation of internal combustion engines.

Uploaded by

ja
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BOYLE’S LAW

In 1662, Robert Boyle discovered the volume and pressure of gasses are inversely
proportionate when held at a constant temperature. Put simply, when volume rises, pressure
drops, and vice versa.
The mathematic equation is equally as simple.
PV = k
In this equation, (P) represents pressure, (V) represents volume, and (k) is a constant.
This has become a basic principle in chemistry, now called "Boyle's law," and is included as a
special case in the more general ideal gas law.

APPLICATIONS

Scuba Diving: It is common knowledge amongst


scuba divers that, when attempting to surface out of
deep waters, it is extremely essential that the ascent
has to be very slow. This is because, as a diver
moves deeper underwater, the pressure on the
body begins to increase. Due to this, the volume of
nitrogen gas decreases and gets concentrated in the
bloodstream. When the diver starts his return
journey to the surface, the pressure reduces, and
the nitrogen bubbles in the body begin to expand and return to their normal volume. If the
diver does not ascend slowly, or use a depressurization chamber, the nitrogen bubbles will
return to their normal volume too fast, and the blood will turn foamy. This often causes blood
vessels, bladders, cells, and membranes to rupture, and cause the spaces between the divers
joints to expand, causing the diver to bend over and experience excruciating pain. This is why
deep-water fish die when they are brought to the surface. As you can see, it is important to
regulate the volume of nitrogen, according to Boyle's law, by adjusting the pressure.

Aerosols: In aerosols such as spray paints or deodorants, there


are usually two components inside the can, i.e., the primary liquid
product such as paint or perfume, and a gas which is sealed and
kept in a highly pressurized state so that it is kept at a liquid state
even at its boiling point, which is usually below room
temperature. When you push the nozzle of the aerosol can down,
the seal on the liquid gas is opened, reducing the pressure, and
giving it an escape route. The gas instantly starts to boil, changing
into a gas of increasing volume, and pushing the perfume or paint
out of the can in its efforts to move into an area with lesser
pressure. This same principle can be seen in fire extinguishers too.

Soda Can or Battle: Typically when we open a bottle


of soda, we slowly turn the cap to allow the air to
escape before we completely remove the lid. We do
this because we've learned over time that twisting it
open too fast causes it to fizz up and spill all over.
This happens because the liquid is pumped full of
carbon dioxide, causing it to bubble up as the
CO2 makes its escape. When a soda bottle is filled, it
is also pressurized. Much like the aerosol can
mentioned earlier, when you slowly open the cap,
the gas is able to increase its volume and the
pressure decreases. Normally you can let the gas out of a can or bottle release cleanly, but if
the bottle is shaken up and the gas is mixed into the liquid, then you may have a mess on your
hands. This is because the gas trying to escape is mixed into the fluid, so, when it does escape,
it brings the foamy fluid out with it. Pressure in the bottle goes down, volume of the gas goes
up, and you have yourself a mess to clean up.

Basketball: When held at a certain volume and pressure


(constant temperature). When it hits the ground, the volume
decreases and the pressure increases and the increasing
pressure springs the ball back up at you. There is the issue of
the elasticity of the rubber, but the decreasing volume -
increasing pressure of the "bounce" is an application of
Boyle's Law.

Syringe: This mechanism is far more simple than a can of


spray paint. Syringes of all types utilize Boyle's law on a very
basic level. When you pull the plunger out on a syringe, it
causes the volume within the chamber to increase. As we
know, this causes the pressure to do the opposite, which
then creates a vacuum. When a syringe is empty, the
vacuum within the chamber sucks fluid in through the
needle.

Usage of Internal Combustion Engines: Many


industries use such engines in their factories for
production purposes. When the power of such an
engine is increased, fuel is mixed with air and is
compressed by the pistons of the engine. When the
fuel-air mixture is under high pressure, it is ignited,
and the sudden reduction in pressure increases the
volume of the air, pushing the piston into the cylinder.
This process repeats continuously, creating energy for
the machine's operation.

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