Make a tabulated summary for Nematodes (round worms)

Ancylostoma Ancylostoma Ancylostoma Ancylostoma Strongyloides Trichenella Ascaris Trichiuris

COMMON NAME Necator americanus Enterobius vermicularis
duodenale caninum braziliense ceylonicum stercoralis spiralis lumbricoides trichiura

epidermis, Epithelial
Habitat small intestine small intestine small intestine intestine intestine Small intestine intestine colon
follicles, glands layer

Ova eggs eggs eggs eggs eggs eggs eggs eggs eggs eggs

moults twice in
grow in the grow in the The eggs are can be found in caused by the hatches then pass in the
the soil and
usually not found in feces or soil for feces or soil for passed with the stool, as the eggs ingestion of penetrates the feces and
becomes a skin-
stool, but may be 5 to 10 days and 5 to 10 days and feces, and the embryonate and undercooked wall of the develop in the molt twice before reaching
penetrating
Rhabditiform larva found there is a delay mature into mature into larvae develop hatch in the meat gastrointestinal soil into adolescence in the jejunum
third-stage
in processing the stool filariform filariform in moist soil to mucosa of the containing tract and enters infective stage and upper ileum
infective larva
specimen (infective) (infective) become small intestine of encysted the blood filariform
within 5–10
larvae. larvae. infectious the host larvae stream. larvae.
days

may develop First-stage

into infective rhabditiform
Infection with penetrate the eggs are passed filariform (L3) larvae pass in
hookworm occurs skin and are with the feces, larvae (direct the feces and penetrate the life cycle is completed
Filariform larva when a mammalian carried through and the larvae cycle) or free- develop in the human host when the eggs are ingested
host contacts free- the veins to the develop in living male and soil into skin to initiate and hatch
living infective heart and lungs moist soil female adult infective stage
worms (indirect filariform
cycle) larvae

Size of larva 0.6mm in length 8-11 mm long, females are 500–600 µm 400 to 500 μm 50 µm in adult females female worms 260 μm x 15 140 to 150 μm
whereas adult typically 14–16 long. in length diameter and 1.4 to 4 mm, measuring 20- μm in length
females range in mm (0.55–0.63 between 350- adult males 50cm long by
size from 10-13 in) long and 0.5 600 µm in 1.4 to 1.8 mm 3-6mm wide,
mm long. mm (0.02 in) while males
 wide, while the are smaller,
males are measuring 15-
smaller at 10– 30cm long by
12 mm (0.39– 2-4mm wide
length.
0.47 in) in with two
length and 0.36 simple
mm (0.01 in) in spicules 2.0-
width. 3.5mm long.

Body curvature (shape) slender flat anteriorly

curved
“S” shaped “C” shaped oval oval oval cylindrical than Barrel-shaped oval
ventrally
worms posteriorly.

two broad
lateral lobes and
dorsal ray a smaller dorsal Posterior end of a male
dorsal ray bidigitate Copulatory copulatory
Bursa bidigitate or lobe with rays shows copulatory bursa and
or bifid Bursa bursa
tripartite on the its rays
copulatory
bursa.

cuts and
having 2 pairs having 2 pairs tooth-like two ventral grinding of teeth,
Dental / Cutting Semi-lunar cutting contains 4 four ventral pieces of meat
2 pairs of teeth of fused ventral of fused ventral structures or semilunar abdominal pain, and
Structure plate cutting plates teeth. up to 50 cm in
teeth teeth cutting plates cutting plates, vomiting
thickness

needle-like
extend
mating single terminal
Plain, bristle through the hold the females during
Spicules Barbed, fused two copulatory structures spicule in
like cloaca and copulation
found only in male
anus
males

Specimen stool stool stool stool stool stool stool stool stool stool
 macroscopic detection of
the eggs
adult worms or the
Diagnostic stage larvae larvae filariform filariform larvae larvae larvae larvae develop into a
microscopic detection of
2-cell stage
eggs on the perineum

Infection by the infection With acute

intestinal can induce characterized by strongyloidiasis, detection of taking a stool
cause chronic Once E. vermicularis eggs
nematodes leads eosinophilic chronic blood the initial antibodies to sample and
It can cause dysentery, are ingested, they take
to disease based enteritis marked loss that leads manifestation excretory/secr using a
"creeping predisposition about 1 to 2 months to
Pathology Larvae and adults on the physical by abdominal to iron- can be a pruritic, etory microscope to
eruption" or to rectal develop into adult worms
presence of the pain and deficiency erythematous Trichinella look for the
"ground itch". prolapse and which happens in the small
organism, its peripheral blood anemia and rash at the site antigen by presence of
anemia. intestine
attachment, or eosinophilia. protein where larvae ELISA or IFA eggs.
migratory habits malnutrition entered the skin

easily be
detected by
Eggs will
faecal detection of
stool sample appear barrel-
examination for antibodies to A person infected with
Strongyloides and using a shaped and
the presence of smaller than common excretory/secr pinworm is often
infection is best microscope to unembryonate
Diagnosis ova ova the those of other helminth etory asymptomatic, but itching
diagnosed with a look for the d, having
characteristic species infection Trichinella around the anus is a
blood test. presence of bipolar plugs
oval, thin- antigen by common symptom
eggs and a smooth
walled eggs ELISA or IFA
shell
containing few
blastomeres

MOT Purely percutaneous Skin walking faeces of cats skin exposure skin exposure consumption when eggs are Ingestion of spread by the fecal-oral
penetration, barefoot on and dogs of animal swallowed infective eggs route, that is by the transfer
transmammary contaminated meat infected from soil from of infective pinworm eggs
soil with contaminated contaminated from the anus to someone's
pathogenic with human soils, hands, mouth, either directly by
cysts, faeces or food, or water hand or indirectly through
encasing T. consumed with contaminated clothing,
spiralis larvae produce bedding, food
contaminated
with soil
 containing
infective eggs.

Infective stage L3 (filaform) L3 (filaform) larvae larvae larvae larvae larvae larvae embryonated larvae

Other feature N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Leave it blank if the given category is not applicable to a specific parasite

Previous Next

REFERENCES:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Sciencedirect.com
accessmedicine.mhmedical.com