Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 1

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox)

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©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 2

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7 7Which equation represents a reduction reaction?

A Fe2+ + e– → Fe3+
B Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e–
C Fe3+ + e– → Fe2+
D Fe3+ → Fe2+ + e–

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 3

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9 9Which statements explain why increasing temperature increases the rate of a chemical
reaction?

1 Heat makes the molecules move faster and collide more often.

2 Heat makes the molecules collide with more energy so they are more likely to react.
3 Increasing temperature lowers the activation energy for the reaction.

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 1 only D 2 only

10 10Steam reacts with carbon in an endothermic reaction.

C(s) + H2O(g) CO(g) + H2(g)

Which conditions of temperature and pressure would give the largest yield of hydrogen?

temperature pressure

A high high
B high low
C low high
D low low

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 4

11 11A liquid X reacts with solid Y to form a gas.

Which two diagrams show suitable methods for investigating the rate (speed) of the reaction?

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

12 12The following reversible reaction takes place in a closed vessel at constant temperature. P(g) +
Q(g) + R(g) S(g) + T(g)
When the system has reached equilibrium, more T is added.

After the addition of T, which substances increase in concentration?

A P, Q, R and S
B P and Q only
C P, Q and R only
D S only

13 13Four ionic half-equations are shown.

1 Cu2+(aq) + 2e– → Cu(s)

2 2I–(aq) → I2(aq) + 2e–
3 Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq) + e–
4 Cl 2(g) + 2e– → 2Cl –(aq)

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 5

Which statement is correct?

A In equation 1, copper(II) ions are oxidised to copper.

B In equation 2, iodide ions are reduced to iodine.

C In equation 3, iron(II) ions are oxidised to iron(III) ions.

D In equation 4, chlorine is oxidised to chloride ions.

14 14The
rate of reaction between magnesium and excess dilute hydrochloric acid was followed by
measuring the mass of magnesium present at regular time intervals.

Two experiments were performed.

Both experiments used 0.1 g of magnesium ribbon. The acid in experiment 1 was less
concentrated than in experiment 2.

Which graph shows the results of the experiments?

15 15Which statement explains why coal dust forms an explosive mixture with air?

A Coal dust catalyses the explosion.

B Coal dust has a large surface area.
C Crushing coal increases the concentration of the coal.
D Crushing coal increases the temperature of the coal.

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 6

16 16The effect of temperature on the rate of the reaction between marble chips and hydrochloric
acid can be investigated by measuring the production of carbon dioxide.

Which item of equipment is not required for the investigation?

A condenser
B gas syringe
C stopclock
D thermometer

17 17The element vanadium, V, forms several oxides. In which change is oxidation taking place?
A VO2 → V2O3
B V2O5 → VO2
C V2O3 → VO
D V2O3 → V2O5

18 18Some crystals of hydrated cobalt(II) chloride are heated in a test-tube until no further

change is observed. The test-tube is allowed to cool and a few drops of water are then

added to the contents. Which colours are observed?

before after after adding

heating heating water

A blue pink blue

B blue white blue
C pink blue pink
D white blue white

19 19When pink crystals of cobalt(II) chloride are heated, steam is given off and the colour of the
solid changes to blue.

CoCl 2.6H2O CoCl 2 + 6H2O

What happens when water is added to the blue solid?

colour temperature

A changes to pink decreases

B changes to pink increases
C remains blue decreases
D remains blue increases

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 7

20 20Powdered marble reacts with hydrochloric acid using the apparatus shown. The gas syringe
fills in 36 seconds.
gas syringe

gas

powdered hydrochloric acid

marble

The experiment is repeated using marble chips in place of powdered

marble. How long does it take to fill the gas syringe in this experiment?

A 9 seconds
B 18 seconds
C 36 seconds
D 72 seconds

21 21Which equation shows an oxidation reaction?

A C + O2 → CO2

B CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

C CaO + 2HCl → CaCl 2 + H2O

D N2O4 → 2NO2

22 22In which change is chromium(II) oxide, CrO, reduced?

23 23Inseparate experiments, a catalyst is added to a reaction mixture and the temperature of the
mixture is decreased.
What are the effects of these changes on the rate of the reaction?

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 8

catalyst temperature
added decreased

A faster faster

B faster slower

C slower faster

D slower slower

24 24An experiment is carried out to investigate the rate of reaction when calcium carbonate is
reacted with hydrochloric acid.
The volume of carbon dioxide gas given off is measured at different intervals of time.
The diagram shows pieces of apparatus used to collect gases.

1 2 3
downward delivery gas measuring over water in
syringe graduated tube

Which apparatus is suitable to collect and measure the volume of the carbon dioxide?

A 1, 2 and 3 B. 2 and 3 only C. 1 only D. 3 only

25 25The equation shows a reaction that is reversed by changing the conditions.

forward reaction
CuSO4.5H2O CuSO4 + 5H2O

How can the forward reaction be reversed?

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 9

26 26The rate of a reaction depends on temperature, concentration, particle size and catalysts.

Which statement is not correct?

A Catalysts can be used to increase the rate of reaction.

B Higher concentration decreases the rate of reaction.

C Higher temperature increases the rate of reaction.

D Larger particle size decreases the rate of reaction.

27 27The diagram shows the change from an anhydrous salt to its hydrated form.

Which statement is correct?

A forward reaction requires heat and water

B forward reaction requires water only

C reverse reaction requires heat and water

D reverse reaction requires water only

28 28Which changes decrease the rate of reaction between magnesium and air?

1 heating the magnesium to a higher temperature

2 using a higher proportion of oxygen in the air

3 using magnesium ribbon instead of powdered magnesium

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 only C 2 only D 3 only

29 29The equations for two reactions P and Q are given.

P 2NaNO2 + O2 → 2NaNO3

Q 2HgO → 2Hg + O2
In which of these reactions does oxidation of the underlined substance occur?

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 10

30 30The equation shows the formation of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate from hydrated copper(II)
sulfate. CuSO4.5H2O CuSO4 + 5H2O
Statements 1, 2 and 3 refer to this reaction.

1 Hydrated copper(II) sulfate is reduced to anhydrous copper(II) sulfate.

2 The (II) in the name copper(II) sulfate refers to the oxidation state of the metal.
3 The reaction is reversible.

Which statements are correct?

A 1 only B 1 and 2 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

31 31A student investigates the rate of reaction between zinc and an excess of sulfuric acid.

The graph shows the results of two experiments, X and Y.

X
volume of
hydrogen

0
0 time

Which change explains the difference between X and Y?

A A catalyst is added in Y.

B A lower temperature is used in Y.

C Larger pieces of zinc are used in Y.

D Less concentrated acid is used in Y.

32 32Calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to form carbon dioxide.

Which changes would slow this reaction down?

1 decreasing the concentration of hydrochloric acid

2 decreasing the particle size of calcium carbonate

3 decreasing the temperature

A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 11

33 33The equations represent redox reactions.

In which equation is the underlined substance acting as a reducing agent?

A 3CO + Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3CO2

B CO2 + C → 2CO

C CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O

D CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2

34 34Anhydrous copper(II) sulfate can be made by heating hydrated copper(II) sulfate.

CuSO4.5H2O → CuSO4 + 5H2O

What can be added to anhydrous copper(II) sulfate to turn it into hydrated copper(II) sulfate?

A concentrated sulfuric acid

B sodium hydroxide powder

C sulfur dioxide

D water

35 35Which change does not increase the speed of reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid?

A adding a catalyst
B decreasing the particle size of the zinc
C decreasing the temperature
D using more concentrated acid
36 36The reactions shown may occur in the air during a thunder storm.

N2 + O2 → 2NO
2NO + O2 → 2NO2
NO + O3 → NO2 + O2

Which row shows what happens to the reactant molecules in each of these reactions?

N2 NO O3

A oxidised oxidised oxidised

B oxidised oxidised reduced

C reduced reduced oxidised

D reduced reduced reduced

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 12

37 37Separate samples of anhydrous and hydrated copper(II) sulfate are heated.

Which shows the correct colour changes?

anhydrous copper(II) sulfate hydrated copper(II) sulfate

A blue to white white to blue

B no change blue to white

C white to blue blue to white

D white to blue no change

38 38Which change is an oxidation?

A FeO to Fe2O3

B Fe2O3 to FeO

C H2O2 to H2O

D H2O to H2
39 39The apparatus shown is used to measure the speed of a reaction.

gas syringe

reactants

Which equation represents a reaction where the speed can be measured using this apparatus?

A Mg(s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl 2(aq) + H2(g)

B HCl (aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl (aq) + H2O(l)

C Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → Cu(s) + FeSO4(aq)

D 2Na(s) + Br2(l) → 2NaBr(s)

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 13

40 40The element vanadium, V, forms several oxides. In which change is oxidation taking place?
A VO2 → V2O3

B V2O5 → VO2

C V2O3 → VO

D V2O3 → V2O5

41 41The sign is used in some equations to show that a reaction is reversible.

Two incomplete equations are given.

reactants products

P CoCl 2 + 2H2O CoCl 2.2H2O

Q C + O2 CO2
For which of these reactions can a sign be correctly used to complete the equation?

42 42Anexperiment to determine the rate of a chemical reaction could be carried out using the
apparatus shown.

reaction
mixture

Which reaction is being studied?

A Cl 2 + 2KBr → 2KCl + Br2

B Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2

C NaCl + AgNO3 → NaNO3 + AgCl

D NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 14

43 43A student investigates the rate of reaction between magnesium and excess sulfuric acid.

The volume of hydrogen given off in the reaction is measured over time.

The graph shows the results of two experiments, R and S.

R
volume of S
hydrogen
given off

time

Which change in conditions would cause the difference between R and S?

A A catalyst is added in S.

B The acid is more concentrated in R than in S.

C The magnesium is less finely powdered in R than in S.

D The temperature in R is lower than in S.

44 44Copper(II) carbonate reacts with dilute sulfuric acid.

CuCO3(s) + H2SO4(aq) → CuSO4(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

The speed of the reaction can be changed by varying the conditions.

Which conditions would always increase the speed of this chemical reaction?

1 Increase the concentration of the reactants.

2 Increase the size of the pieces of copper(II) carbonate.

3 Increase the temperature.

4 Increase the volume of sulfuric acid.

A 1, 3 and 4 B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4 only
45 45Carbon dioxide is an acidic oxide that reacts with aqueous calcium hydroxide.

Which type of reaction takes place?

A decomposition

B fermentation

C neutralisation

D oxidation

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 15

46 46The apparatus shown can be used to measure the rate of some chemical reactions.

gas syringe

For which two reactions would the apparatus be suitable?

reaction 1 AgNO3(aq) + HCl (aq) → AgCl (s) + HNO3(aq)

reaction 2 2H2O2(aq) → 2H2O(l) + O2(g)

reaction 3 MgO(s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl 2(aq) + H2O(l)

reaction 4 ZnCO3(s) + 2HCl (aq) → ZnCl 2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

47 47Calcium carbonate was reacted with hydrochloric acid in a conical flask. The flask was placed
on a balance and the mass of the flask and contents was recorded as the reaction proceeded.

During the reaction, carbon dioxide gas was given off.

The reaction was carried out at two different temperatures.

Which row is correct?

temperature at which mass

change in mass changed more quickly

A decrease higher temperature

B decrease lower temperature

C increase higher temperature

D increase lower temperature

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 16

48 48A student investigates the rate of reaction between marble chips and hydrochloric acid.

The loss in mass of the reaction flask is measured.

The graph shows the results of two experiments, P and Q.

mass of
reaction flask
P
Q

time

Which change explains the difference between P and Q?

A A catalyst is added in P.
B A higher temperature is used in P.
C Bigger marble chips are used in Q.
D Hydrochloric acid is more concentrated in Q.

49 49When pink crystals of cobalt(II) chloride are heated, steam is given off and the colour of the
solid changes to blue.
CoCl2.6H2O CoCl2 + 6H2O
What happens when water is added to the blue solid?

colour temperature

A changes to pink decreases

B changes to pink increases

C remains blue decreases

D remains blue increases

50 50The red colour in some pottery glazes may be formed as a result of the reactions shown.
heat
CuCO3 CuO + CO2

CuO + SnO Cu + SnO2

These equations show that ……1…… is oxidised and ……2…… is reduced.

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 17

Which substances correctly complete gaps 1 and 2 in the above sentence?

1 2

A CO2 SnO2

B CuCO3 CuO

C CuO SnO
D SnO CuO

51 51Iron is extracted from iron oxide using carbon monoxide as shown in the equation.
iron oxide + carbon monoxide → iron + carbon dioxide

What does the equation show?

A Carbon monoxide is oxidised to carbon dioxide.

B Carbon monoxide is reduced to carbon dioxide.
C Iron is oxidised to iron oxide.
D Iron oxide is oxidised to iron.
52 52When pink cobalt(II) sulfate crystals are heated, they form steam and a blue solid.

When water is added to the blue solid, it turns pink and becomes hot.

Which terms describe the pink cobalt(II) sulfate crystals and the reactions?

pink cobalt sulfate reactions

A aqueous irreversible

B aqueous reversible

C hydrated irreversible
D hydrated reversible

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

Topic 7 – Chemical reactions (Rate, Reversible and Redox) 1

Topic 7.1 – Chemical reactions (Mark 51 A

Scheme) 52 D

1C
2C
3B
4B
5D
6C
7C
8A
9A
10 B
11 D
12 C
13 C
14 A
15 B
16 A
17 D
18 C
19 B
20 D
21 A
22 A
23 B
24 B
25 B
26 B
27 B
28 D
29 B
30 C
31 A
32 B
33 A
34 D
35 C
36 B
37 B
38 A
39 A
40 D
41 B
42 B
43 B
44 B
45 C
46 C
47 A
48 D
49 B
50 D

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6