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Mobile Programming: Engr. Waqar Ahmed

Mobile computing allows transmission of data without a fixed connection. It uses technologies like cellular networks and sensors in smartphones. The major mobile operating systems are Android and iOS. Android is an open source operating system based on Linux. It uses Java and other languages for development. Key components of Android apps include activities, services, content providers, intents, broadcast receivers, and notifications. Activities provide the user interface, services run in the background, and other components enable data sharing and responding to events.

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Sajid Ali
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106 views

Mobile Programming: Engr. Waqar Ahmed

Mobile computing allows transmission of data without a fixed connection. It uses technologies like cellular networks and sensors in smartphones. The major mobile operating systems are Android and iOS. Android is an open source operating system based on Linux. It uses Java and other languages for development. Key components of Android apps include activities, services, content providers, intents, broadcast receivers, and notifications. Activities provide the user interface, services run in the background, and other components enable data sharing and responding to events.

Uploaded by

Sajid Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mobile Programming

Engr. Waqar Ahmed

MUET, Shaheed Z.A Bhutto Campus Khairpur Mir’s


Introducing Mobile Computing
• A technology that allows transmission of data, via a
computer, without having to be connected to a fixed
physical link .

• Mobile data communication is rapidly evolving


technology as it allows users to transmit data from
remote locations to other remote or fixed locations.
Applications of Mobile Computing
• Emergency services
• CDPD (Cellular Digital Packet Data)
• Credit card Verification
• Estate agents
• Location services
• Traffic information
• Entertainment, etc
Mobile Operating Systems
An operating system that operates a smartphone, tablet,
PDA, or other mobile device.
Android
Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on the Linux
kernel and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smart
phones and tablets.
• The current Android version is 8.0 Oreo.
• The releases are nicknamed like Ginger Bread (2.3), Honeycomb (3.0), Ice Cream
Sandwich (4.0), Jelly Bean (4.1) and Kit Kat (4.4).
Android API Level
iOS
• iOS is from Apple Inc. It is closed source and built on open
source Darwin core OS.
• The Apple iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad and second-generatio
n Apple TV all use this operating system derived from Mac
OS X.
Sensors in a smart phones
Sensors growth in smartphones
Introduction to Android
• Open software platform for mobile development
• A complete stack – OS, Middleware, Applications
• An Open Handset Alliance (OHA) project
• Powered by Linux operating system
• Open source under the Apache 2 license
Development languages for Android
• Java
• Kotlin
• C/C++
• C#
• BASIC
• Corona
• PhoneGap

For further Studies


https://www.androidauthority.com/develop-android-apps-languages-learn-391008/
Android framework
HAL
Basics of Android Application
• In Android, mostly the applications are programmed in Java.

Following are the types of Android applications


 Foreground Activity
• An application that’s only useful when it’s in the foreground
and is effectively suspended when it’s not visible.
• Games and map mashups are common examples.
Basics of Android Application
 Background Service
• An application with limited interaction that spends most of its lifetime
hidden. Examples of this include call screening applications or SMS
auto-responders.
 Intermittent Activity
• Expects some interactivity but does most of its work in the background.
• Often these applications will be set up and then run silently, notifying
users when appropriate.
• A common example would be a media player.
Components of Android Application
• There are six components that provide the building blocks
for Android applications:
1. Activities
2. Services
3. Content Providers
4. Intents
5. Broadcast Receivers
6. Notifications
Activities
• Its is the application’s presentation layer.
• Every screen in the application will be an extension of the
Activity class.
• Activities use Views to form graphical user interfaces that
display information and respond to user actions.
• But, they can:
– Be faceless
– Be in a floating window
– Return a value
Services
• The invisible workers of the application.

• Service components run invisibly, updating the data sources and


visible Activities and triggering Notifications.

• They’re used to perform regular processing that needs to continue


even when your application’s Activities aren’t active or visible.
E.g. music player, network download etc…
Content Providers
• A shareable data store.

• Content Providers are used to manage and share application databases

• They are the preferred way of sharing data across application


boundaries. This means that you can configure your own Content
Providers to permit access from other applications
• Enables sharing of data across applications
– E.g. address book, photo gallery
Intents
• Think of Intents as a verb and object; a description of what you want d
one
– E.g. VIEW, CALL, PLAY etc..
• System matches Intent with Activity that can best provide the service
• Using Intents, you can broadcast messages system-wide or to a target
Activity or Service, stating your intention to have an action performed
• The system will then determine the target(s) that will perform any acti
ons as appropriate.
Broadcast Receivers

• They are Intent broadcast consumers.


• By creating and registering a Broadcast receiver, your application
can listen for broadcast Intents that match specific filter criteria.
• Broadcast Receivers will automatically start your application to
respond to an incoming Intent, making them ideal for
event-driven applications.
Notification
• A user notification framework.
• Notifications let you signal users without stealing focus or
interrupting their current Activities.
• They are the preferred technique for getting a user’s attention
from within a Service or Broadcast Receiver.

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