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The Shell Coal Gasification Process

The Shell Coal Gasification Process (SCGP) uses dry-feed, oxygen-blown gasification to convert coal or petroleum coke into syngas consisting mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Roller or bowl mill pulverizers prepare the coal feed and two large pulverizers provide sufficient capacity and availability for a single gasifier turbine train. The dried, pulverized coal is pneumatically conveyed into the high-pressure gasifier where it reacts with oxygen at over 2500°F to produce syngas. Engineering studies led to a more compact gasifier design that increases syngas production while extending materials lifetime.

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118 views2 pages

The Shell Coal Gasification Process

The Shell Coal Gasification Process (SCGP) uses dry-feed, oxygen-blown gasification to convert coal or petroleum coke into syngas consisting mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Roller or bowl mill pulverizers prepare the coal feed and two large pulverizers provide sufficient capacity and availability for a single gasifier turbine train. The dried, pulverized coal is pneumatically conveyed into the high-pressure gasifier where it reacts with oxygen at over 2500°F to produce syngas. Engineering studies led to a more compact gasifier design that increases syngas production while extending materials lifetime.

Uploaded by

Mario
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© © All Rights Reserved
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The Shell Coal Gasification Process (SCGP) is a dry-feed.

oxygen-blown, entrained flow coal

gasification process which has the capability to convert virtually any coal or petroleum coke

into a clean syngas consisting predominantly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Roller or bowl mill pulverizers have been demonstrated in higher capacity service in the last

several years. The SCGP commercial design includes two large commercial scale pulverizers

for a single gasifier gas turbine train. Each pulverizer has excess capacity so that sufficient availability is

provided without the need for an additional pulverizer. Heat and nitrogen savings have also

been designed into the drying system for higher moisture content coals.

In SCGP. high pressure nitrogen or recycled syngas is used to pneumatically convey dried,

pulverized coal to the gasifier. The coal enters the gasifier through diametrically opposed

burners where it reacts with oxygen at temperatures in excess of 2500'F. The gasification

temperature is maintained to ensure that the mineral matter in the coal is molten and will

flow smoothly down the gasifier wall and out the slag tap. Gasification conditions are

optimized, depending on coal properties, to achieve the highest coal to gas conversion

efficiency, with minimum formation of undesirable byproducts. Further engineering studies into the

results of the gasifier scaleup tests at SCGP have led to a more compact gasifier design, while at the

same time leading to increased syngas

production. Gasifier materials' life is extended by operating the gasifier cooling medium at

lower pressure.

The hot syngas exiting the gasifier is quenched to below the softening point of the slag and

then cooled further in the syngas cooler. Entrained fly ash is removed to less than I ppm

using ceramic candle filters. Downstream syngas treating includes low level heat recovery and

conventional cold gas cleanup to minimize trace metal emissions

Syngas Cooling and Dry Solids Removal

The SCGP dry coal feed system leads to very high coal to gas conversion efficiencies as well

as gasifier exit temperatures which are higher than those from coal slurry feed systems. The
high gasifier exits temperature and low moisture content of the raw syngas allow most of the

waste heat to be recovered at high levels through syngas cooling, at a relatively modest cost.

Second, early plant performance at SCGP- I and subsequent engineering studies identified that

dry solids removal with ceramic candle filters at an intermediate temperature offered SCGP

the opportunity to change the economizers from water wall to shell and tube exchangers.

Further equipment developments in hot gas particulate removal identified that the evaporator

of the syngas cooler could be located downstream of the filter and utilize relatively dust free

firetube exchange. Each study led progressively to a better understanding of the tradeoffs

between the costs of the filter system and the high temperature exchange surfaces.

The SCGP commercial design uses a dust laden, raw gas firetube exchanger downstream of

the conventional recycle gas quench section, followed by dry fly ash removal.

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