NATIONAL

SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 12

MATHEMATICS P1

FEBRUARY/MARCH 2009

MEMORANDUM

MARKS: 150

This memorandum consists of 15 pages.

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Mathematics/P1 2 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 1

1.1.1 1
3x + =4
x
3 standard form
3x 2 − 4 x + 1 = 0
3 factors
(3x − 1)( x − 1) = 0
1
x= or x = 1 33 answers
3
(4)
1.1.2 5 x ( x − 3) = 2
5 x 2 − 15 x − 2 = 0 3 standard form
3 substitution into
− (−15) ± (−15) 2 − 4(5)(−2)
x= formula
2(5)
15 ± 265 3 265
x=
10
x = 3,13 or x = – 0,13 33 answers
(5)
1.1.3 x − 2x > 3
2

x2 − 2x − 3 > 0 3 standard form

( x − 3)( x + 1) > 0 3 critical values
+ 0 – 0 +
OR –1 3
–1 3
33 answers
x < – 1 or x > 3 (4)

1.2 x − 3y = 1
x = 1 + 3y 3 x = 1 + 3y
(1 + 3 y ) − 2(1 + 3 y ) y + 9 y = 17
2 2 3 substitution
1 + 6 y + 9 y 2 − 2 y − 6 y 2 + 9 y 2 − 17 = 0 3 simplification
12 y 2 + 4 y − 16 = 0
3y2 + y − 4 = 0
3 factors
(3 y + 4)( y − 1) = 0
4 3 answers
y = − or y = 1
3
x = −3 or x = 4 3 3answers
(7

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Mathematics/P1 3 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

OR

x − 3y = 1
x −1
y=
3
⎛ x −1⎞ ⎛ x −1⎞
2

x − 2 x⎜
2
⎟ + 9⎜ ⎟ = 17
⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ 3 ⎠
2x 2 − 2x ⎛ x 2 − 2x + 1⎞
x2 − + 9⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ = 17
3 ⎝ 9 ⎠
2x 2 − 2x
x2 − + x 2 − 2 x + 1 = 17
3
3x − 2 x + 2 x + 3 x 2 − 6 x + 3 = 51
2 2

4 x 2 − 4 x − 48 = 0
x 2 − x − 12 = 0
( x + 3)( x − 4) = 0
x = −3 or x = 4
4
y = − or y = 1
3

1.3 let 1234567893 = n

Then 3 method
1234567893 × 1234567894 – 1234567895 × 1234567892 3 simplification
= n(n + 1) − (n + 2)(n − 1)
= n2 + n − n2 − n + 2
3 answer
=2 (3)
OR

Full marks for

(3 × 4) – (5 × 2) = 2 [23]

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Mathematics/P1 4 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 2

2.1.1 1 1
S2 = +
1× 2 2 × 3
1 1
= +
2 6
2 3 answer
=
3 (1)

2.1.2 1 1 1
S3 = + +
1× 2 2 × 3 3 × 4
2 1
= +
3 12
9
=
12
3
= 3 answer
4
(1)
2.1.3 1 1 1 1
S4 = + + +
1× 2 2 × 3 3 × 4 4 × 5
3 1
= +
4 20
16
=
20
4 3 answer
= (1)
5
2.2 If n represents the number of terms then the sum will be n divided by 3 3 answer
n + 1. (2)
OR
n
Sn =
n +1
2.3 2008 3 answer
Sn =
2009 (1)
[6]

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Mathematics/P1 5 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 3

3.1 (2 p − 3) − (1 − p ) = ( p + 5) − (2 p − 3) 3 equating
2 p − 3 −1+ p = p + 5 − 2 p + 3 differences
3 simplification
3p − 4 = − p + 8
4 p = 12
p=3 3 answer
(3)
3.2.1 First term = 1 – p = 1 – 3 = – 2 3–2
(1)
3.2.2 −2 ;3;8 3 answer
Common difference = 5 (1)

OR
3 p − 4 = 3(3) − 4 = 5
3.3 After the first term -2, all the other terms end in either a 3 or an 8.
Perfect squares never end in a 3 or an 8. 33 explanation
(2)
[7]

QUESTION 4

4.1 6 ; 6 ; 2 ; – 6 ; – 18 ;…
First difference: 0, – 4, – 8, – 12, …
Therefore the next term is: 3 – 34
– 18 – 16 = – 34 (1)
4.2 6 6 2 –6

0 –4 –8

–4 –4
2a = −4 9 a=–2
a = −2
Tn = −2n 2 + bn + c
6 = −2 + b + c
8=b+c ...(i )
6 = –8 + 2b + c 9 solving
14 = 2b + c …(ii) simultaneously
(ii) – (i): 6=b
∴c=2 9b=6
Tn = −2n 2 + 6n + 2 9c=2
9 general term
(5)
OR

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Mathematics/P1 6 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

2 6 6 2 –6
9 a=–2
4 0 –4 –8
3c=2
–4 –4 –4 3 substitution
2a = −4 3b=6
a = −2 3 general term
T0 = c = 2
(5)
T1 = −2 + b + 2 = 6
b=6
Tn = −2n 2 + 6n + 2
3obtaining
OR differences

T2 − T1 = 0
T3 − T2 = −4
T4 − T3 = −8 3 adding both sides
M
3 substituting T1 = 6
Tn − Tn −1 = −4(n − 2) = 8 − 4n 3 expression for
Adding both sides sum of terms
Tn − 6 = −4[1 + 2 + 3 + ....(n − 2)]
3simplification
⎡ (n − 2)(n − 1) ⎤
Tn = −4 ⎢ ⎥+6
(5)
⎣ 2 ⎦
Tn = −2n + 6n + 2
2

4.3 − 6838 = −2n 2 + 6n + 2

− 2n 2 + 6n + 6840 = 0
n 2 − 3n − 3420 = 0 3 standard form

3± (− 3)2 − 4(1)(−3420)
n= 3 substitution
2
3 ± 117
n=
2
n = 60 or n = - 57 3 values of n
not possible

∴ T60 = −6838 3 answer

(4)
[10]

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Mathematics/P1 7 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 5

5.1 1 31
Area of unshaded square = 1-
16 1
3
15 16
=
16
3 answer
(2)
5.2 Sum of the unshaded areas of the first seven squares
⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ 3expression for sum
= (1 − 1) + ⎜1 − ⎟ + ⎜1 − 2 ⎟ + L + ⎜1 − 6 ⎟ of unshaded areas
⎝ 4⎠ ⎝ 4 ⎠ ⎝ 4 ⎠
⎛ 1 1 1 ⎞ 3 simplification
= 7 − ⎜1 + + 2 + L + 6 ⎟
⎝ 4 4 4 ⎠
⎛ ⎛ ⎛1⎞ ⎞⎞ 7
⎜ 1⎜1 − ⎜ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ 3 answer
⎜ ⎜ ⎝4⎠ ⎟⎟
= 7−⎜ ⎝ ⎠⎟ (5)
⎜ 1− 1 ⎟
⎜⎜ 4 ⎟⎟
⎝ ⎠
= 7 − 1,333251953...
= 5,666748047...
= 5,67

OR
Sum of the unshaded areas of the first seven squares
⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞
= (1 − 1) + ⎜1 − ⎟ + ⎜1 − 2 ⎟ + L + ⎜1 − 6 ⎟
⎝ 4⎠ ⎝ 4 ⎠ ⎝ 4 ⎠
⎛1 1 1 ⎞
= 6 − ⎜ + 2 +L+ 6 ⎟
⎝4 4 4 ⎠
1 ⎛⎜ ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎞⎟
6

1− ⎜ ⎟
4 ⎜ ⎝ 4 ⎠ ⎟⎠
= 6− ⎝
1
1−
4
= 6 − 0,332519531...
= 5,666748047...
= 5,67
[7]

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Mathematics/P1 8 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 6

6.1 a 3b=1
y= +2
x −1 3c=2
a 3 substitution of
0= +2 (0 ; 0)
0 −1
3 a=2
0 = −a + 2
a=2
2
y= +2 (4)
x −1

OR
3 equation
( x − 1)( y − 2) = k
3 through origin
But g passes through the origin
∴ (−1)(−2) = k = 2 3 substitution
∴ ( x − 1)( y − 2) = 2 3 equation (4)
6.2 g ( x) = ( x − 1) + q
2 3p=1
3 substitution of
0 = (2,5 − 1) 2 + q (2,5 ; 0)
9 9
q=− 3 q=−
4 4
⎛ 9⎞
Turning point ⎜1 ; − ⎟ 3 answer
⎝ 4⎠
(4)
6.3 y=2 3 answer
x=2 3 answer
(2)
6.4 9 3 answer
h( x) = −( x − 1) 2 +
4 (1)
[11]

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Mathematics/P1 9 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 7
7.1 Any base raised to the power 0 is 1 which means the y-intercept of 3 y-intercept
the graph h( x) = a x will be (0 ; 1) therefore Q(0 ; 1) 3 any base raised to
power 0 is 1
OR (2)
h(0) = a 0 = 1
∴ Q(0 ; 1)
7.2 1 3 substitution
a −1 =
2
1 1
= 3 answer
a 2 (2)
a=2
7.3 2y = x 3 interchanging x and
y = log 2 x y
3 answer
(2)
7.4 3 point (0,5 ; – 1) or
y
4 any other valid point
3 point (1 ; 0)
3
3 shape

2
(3)
h -1

1
(2 ; 1)

x
-1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

-1

-2

-3

7.5 x > 0,5 3 reading off from

graph
3 answer
(2)
7.6 ∴ 2 + x log 3 = x log 2 3 equating
2 3 logs both sides
∴x = = − 11.36 3 answer (3)
log 2 3
X
⎛2⎞
OR ⎜ ⎟ = 100
⎝3⎠
∴ x log (2 3 ) = 2 [14]

2
∴x = = − 11.36
log 2 3
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Mathematics/P1 10 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 8

8.1 y
3 shape
3 amplitude
2 (2)

x
-180 -90 0 90 180 270 360

-1

-2

8.2 y ∈ [−4 ; 4] 33 answer

(2)
8.3 720° 33 answer
(2)
8.4 Shift f 90° to the left to get 2cos x. 33 answer
∴θ = 90° + n.360° Accept 90°
(2)
[8]

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Mathematics/P1 11 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 9

9.1 ⎛ i ⎞
18 3 substitution
2000⎜1 + ⎟ = 2860
⎝ 12 ⎠
18
⎛ i ⎞ ⎛ i ⎞
18
⎜1 + ⎟ = 1,43 3 ⎜1 + ⎟ = 1,43
⎝ 12 ⎠ ⎝ 12 ⎠
i
1+ = 1,020069541...
12
i
= 0,020069541...
12
i = 0,24083... 3 i = 0,24083…
i = 24,08% 3 answer
(4)
9.2
⎡⎛ 0,08 ⎞12 ⎤ 3 formula
100 ⎢⎜1 + ⎟ − 1⎥ 3 substitution
⎢⎣⎝ 12 ⎠ ⎥⎦
Fv =
0,08
12
= R1 244,99 33 answer

The accumulated amount is less than R1 300 required to buy

the bike. Farouk will not be able to buy the bike on 1 January 3 conclusion
2009. (5)
[9]

QUESTION 10
10.1 15
Loan = 125000 − × 125000
100
Loan = R 106 250 3 answer
OR (1)
Loan = 0,85 × 125 000
Loan = R 106 250
10.2 ⎡ ⎛ 0,125 ⎞ −6×12 ⎤ 3 substitution
⎢1 − ⎜1 + ⎟ ⎥ 3 – 72
106250 = x ⎢ ⎝ 12 ⎠ ⎥ ⎛ 0,125 ⎞
⎢ 0,125 ⎥ 3⎜ ⎟
⎢ ⎥ ⎝ 12 ⎠
⎢⎣ 12 ⎥⎦ 3 simplification
⎛ ⎛ 0,125 ⎞ −6×12 ⎞
1106,770833 = x⎜1 − ⎜1 + ⎟ ⎟
⎜ ⎝ 12 ⎠ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
x = R 2104,94 3 answer
(5)
[6]

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Mathematics/P1 12 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 11

11.1 f ( x + h) − f ( x) 9 method
f ′( x) = lim
h →0 h
9 substitution
( x + h) − 2( x + h) − x 2 + 2 x
2
= lim
h →0 h
x + 2 xh + h − 2 x − 2h − x 2 + 2 x
2 2
9 simplification
= lim
h →0 h
2 xh + h − 2h
2
= lim
h →0 h
h(2 x + h − 2) 9 factorising
= lim
h →0 h
= lim(2 x − 2 + h)
h →0

= 2x − 2 9 answer
(5)
11.2.1 D x [( x − 3) ]
3 2

[
= Dx x 6 − 6 x 3 + 9 ] 3 simplification

= 6 x 5 − 18 x 2 33 answer
(3)
11.2.2 4 x 3
y= −
x 9
1
3 power form
1−
y = 4x − x3 2
9 33 answer
3
dy − x2
= −2 x 2 − (3)
dx 3
[11]

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Mathematics/P1 13 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 12

12.1 h′( x) = −3 x 2 + 2ax + b 3 h′( x )

h′(−1) = −3(−1) 2 + 2a(−1) + b 3 substitution of x = – 1
3 h′( x) = 0
0 = −3 − 2 a + b
2a − b = −3 K (i) 3 simplification
h′(2) = −3(2) 2 + 2a(2) + b
0 = −12 + 4a + b 3 substitution
4a + b = 12 K (ii) 3 solving
(ii) + (i): 6a = 9 simultaneously
3
a=
2 (6)
⎛3⎞
2⎜ ⎟ − b = −3
∴ ⎝2⎠
b=6

OR
−7 3 substitution of x = -1
h(−1) = −(−1) 3 + a (−1) 2 + b(−1) =
2 −7
3 h(−1) =
−9 2
∴a − b =
2 3 simplification
2a − 2b = −9 L (i)
3 substitution of x = 2
h(2) = −(2) + a(2) 2 + b(2) = 10
3
and h( 2) = 10
4a + 2b = 18 L (ii) 3 simplification

(i) + (ii): 6a = 9 3 solving

3 simultaneously
a=
2

⎛3⎞ −9
⎜ ⎟−b =
⎝ 2⎠ 2
b=6 (6)

12.2 Average Gradient

10 − (−3,5)
= 3 substitution
2 − (−1)
13,5
=
3
9 3 answer
=
2 (2)

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Mathematics/P1 14 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

12.3 h′( x) = −3x 2 + 3 x + 6 3 h′( x )

3 substitution
h′(−2) = −3(−2) 2 + 3(−2) + 6
3 gradient
h′(−2) = −12
Point of contact (−2 ; 2) 3 point
y − 2 = −12( x + 2)
y = −12 x − 22
3 answer
(5)
12.4 h′( x) = −3 x 2 + 3 x + 6
h ′′( x) = −6 x + 3 9 second derivative
9=0
− 6x + 3 = 0
1 9 answer
x=
2
OR
−1+ 2
x= (3)
2
1
x=
2
12.5 p > 3,5 or p < −10 33 answer
(2)
[19]

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Mathematics/P1 15 DoE/Febr. – March 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 13

13.1 AB 2 = (a 2 − 0) 2 + (a − 3) 2 3substitution
3 simplification
AB 2 = a 4 + a 2 − 6a + 9 (2)
13.2 d d
AB 2 = 4a 3 + 2a − 6 3 AB2
da da
0 = 4a 3 + 2a − 6 3
d
AB 2 = 0
da
0 = 2a 3 + a − 3
3 simplification
0 = (a − 1)(2a 2 + 2a + 3) 3 factorisation
a =1 3 answer
There is no real solution for 2a 2 + 2a + 3 = 0 (5)

[7]

QUESTION 14

14.1 x ≥ 200 3 answer

x + y ≤ 600 3 answer
50 x + 100 y ≤ 45000 3 answer
(3)
14.2 y
3 600
and 700 3450
14.3 3 200
600
3 600
3 900
500
(5)
3 feasible region
Number of trousers

(1)
400

300

200

100

x
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Number of white shirts

14.4 P = 30x + 40y 33 answer

(2)
14.5 Maximum at (300 ; 300) 3 search line
3 answer (2)
[13]

TOTAL: 150

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