SEISMIC COEFFICIENT CALCULATION :

Seismic Zone V

Type of Soil Hard Soil

Ah = Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.18

(Z/2)*(S a /g)/(R/I)

Z = Zone factor = 0.36

I = Importance factor = 1

R = Response reduction factor = 2.5

Sa/g = Average response acceleration coefficient = 2.5

(depending upon fundamental time period T)

T = Fundamental Time Period = 0.17 sec

2.0*sqrt(D/1000F)

F = Horizontal Force in KN required to be applied = 36.4 t

at the centre of the superstructure for 1mm
deflection at the top of pier/abutment
(3EIδ/L3)

= Deflection at the top of Pier/abutment = 1 mm

I = Moment of Inertia of the Pier/Abutment = 0.624 m4

d = Stem Thickness of the Pier/Abutment = 1.2 m

L = Length of the Pier/Abutment = 4.3 m

G = Grade of Concrete for Pier/Abutment = M30

E = Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete = 31220.19 Mpa

5700*sqrt(fck) as per IRC:18,2000 Cl:10.2
= 3.15E+06 t/m^2

L = Height of the Pier/Abutment above Fixity Level = 5.450 m

D = Appropriate Dead Load of the Superstructure = 253.65 t

and Live Load
 BASIC DESIGN DATA
General data
1 Clear carriage way Bcw 7.500 m
2 Width of Crash Barrier Wkerb 0.450 m
3 Weight of Crash Barrier Wrail 1.000 t/m
4 Grade of concrete Cgrade 30
5 Grade of reinforcement Sgrade 500
6 Clear cover (For substructure) cov 0.05 m
7 Clear cover (For foundation) cov1 0.075 m
8 Unit weight of concrete wcon 2.400 t/m3
9 Stress in concrete (compression) for M30 Grade fc 1000 t/m2
2
10 Stress in concrete (compression) Seismic Case fcs 1500 t/m
11 Stress in concrete (tension) fct -67.00 t/m2
12 Stress in concrete (tension) Seismic Case fcts -100.50 t/m2
13 Stress in steel (tension) ft 24000 t/m2
14 Stress in steel (tension) Seismic Case fts 36000 t/m2
15 Modular ratio m 10
16 Horizontal Seismic Coefficient Hsc 0.18

Levels
1 Formation level FRL 106.000 m
2 Bearing top level BRL 103.450 m
3 Abutment cap top level ACL 103.130 m
4 Well cap top level WCL 98.000 m
5 Mean ground level Say GRL 98.500 m
6 High flood level HFL 101.890 m
7 Low water level Low bed level (LBL) LWL 98.500 m
8 Normal scour level NSL 91.966 m
9 Seismic scour level SSL 90.966 m
9 Foundation level FDL 70.500 m

Well geometry
1 Diameter of the well Do 7.0 m
2 K K 0.03
3 Steining thickness tst = KDo ( l )0.5 = 1.11 tst 1.200 m
4 Diameter of dredge hole Di 4.6 m
5 Well cap thickness twc 1.5 m
6 Top plug thickness tplug 0.3 m
7 Height of well curb hcurb 2.100 m
 Soil properties
3
1 Unit weight of soil (Dry) Gdry 1.8 t/m
3
2 Unit weight of soil (Submerged) Gsub 1.00 t/m
3 Unit weight of soil (Saturated) Gsat 2.00 t/m3

Abutment geometry
1 Height of dirt wall hdirt 2.87 m
2 Thickness of dirt wall tdirt 0.4 m
3 Thickness of abutment bottom tabut 1.20 m
4 Width of abutment wabut 8.40 m
5 Eccen of abutment stem w.r.t CL of well (taken conservatively) Xa 0.00 m
6 Width of abutment cap top wac 1.79 m
7 Height of abutment cap hac 0.80 m
8 Thickness of return wall Average treturn 0.400 m
9 Length of return wall (From back face of dirt wall) lreturn 3.50 m
10 Thickness of cantilever return tcan_return 0.40 m
11 Length of cantilever return lcan_return 0.60 m
12 Distance of dirt wall back face from CL of well Xd 0.770 m
13 Height of Abutment 4.330 m

Load input
1 Dead load Reaction of superstructure DLP 138 t
2 Location of cg of DL w.r.t. center of well in long dir X 0 m
3 Location of cg of DL w.r.t. center of well in trans dir Y 0 m
4 Seismic Force on Dead Load DLS 24.7896 t
5 CG from well cap top CGS1 6.900 m
6 SIDL Reaction SIDLP 17.10 t
7 Location of cg of SIDL w.r.t. center of well in long dir X1 0 m
8 Location of cg of SIDL w.r.t. center of well in trans dir Y1 0.48 m
9 Seismic Force on SIDL SIDLS 3.1 t
10 CG from well cap top CGS2 8.200 m
11 Live load reaction Normal Case LLR 98.83 t
12 Live load moment (Transverse direction) LLM 70.7 t-m
13 Live load reaction Seismic Case LLRS 49.42 t
14 Live load moment (Transverse direction) LLMS 35.4 t-m
15 Seismic Force on Live Load LLS 8.9 t
16 CG from well cap top CGS3 9.2 m
17 Total long force Normal Case BRF 20.0 t
18 CG from well cap top CGS4 4.95 m
19 Total long force Seismic Case BRFS 10.0 t
20 CG from well cap top CGS5 5.450 m
 DESIGN OF ABUTMENT WELL (NORMAL CASE)

CALCULATION OF LOADS AND MOMENTS

A Self weight of well

4.10
1.2
A

8.4 7 O G E 3.23
θ F

D
0.00
CL of abut CL of well

theta 1 = 0.142
L1 = 4.243
theta 2 = 0.950
theta = 0.958
theta = 54.878 degree
AD = 8.400 m
CD = 3.226 m
OF = 3.106 m
OE = 3.500 m
GF = 2.506 m
Area of ABCD = 14.568 m2
Cg of the area w.r.to CL of well = 1.667 m
Area of BEC = 0.857 m2
Cg of the area w.r.to CL of well = 3.265 m
 1 Wt of well cap at back ={(8.4*4.1)}*2.4*1.5 = 123.98 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well = 1.45 m
2 Wt of well cap at front ={14.57+0.86}*2.4*1.5 = 55.53 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well = 1.76 m
3 Wt of Steining =pi/4*(7^2-4.6^2)*2.4*23.9 = 1254.20 t
4 Wt of top plug =pi/4*(4.6^2)*0.3*2.2 = 10.97 t
5 Wt of sand fill =pi/4*4.6^2*23.302*2 = 774.45 t
6 Wt of bottom plug =[(pi/4*4.6^2*0.6+{pi/4*(4.6^2+7.15^2)+ = 131.00 t
pi/4*(4.6^2*7.15^2)^0.5*}1.8/3]*2.2
7 Wt of well curb =[(pi/4*7.15^2*2.1)-131/2.2+(pi/4*4.6^2*0.3)]*2.4 = 71.42 t
8 Wt of soil above curb projn up to well cap top =pi/4*(7.15^2-7^2)*25.4*2 = 84.68 t
9 Buoyancy at well base upto well cap soffit @100% (LWL) =pi/4*7.15^2*26*1 = -1043.94 t
10 Buoyancy at well cap soffit @100% (LWL condition) = -93.24 t
11 Buoyancy at well base upto well cap soffit @100% (HFL) =pi/4*7.15^2*26*1 = -1043.94 t
12 Buoyancy at well cap soffit @100% (HFL condition) = -251.28 t
13 Eccen w.r.t CL of well = -0.66 m

B Earth load

1 Wt of back filling (LWL) =7.6*2.9*8*1.8 = 317.38 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of well =2.05 = 2.05 m
2 Wt of front filling (LWL) =0.5*8.4*2.9*0.50*1.8 = 10.96 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well =1.5731 = 1.57 m
3 Wt of back filling (HFL) =7.6*2.9*[(4.11*1.8)+(3.89*2)] = 334.52 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well =2.05 = 2.05 m
4 Wt of front filling (HFL) =0.5*8.4*2.9*0.5*1 = 47.38 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well =1.5731 = 1.57 m

C Wt of abutment, dirt wall, wing & return wall

1 Wt of crash barrier = 9.00 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of well = 2.82 m
Height of cg above well cap = 8.35 m
2 Wt of dirt wall =2.87*0.4*8.4*2.4 = 23.14 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well =0.57 = 0.57 m
Height of cg above well cap = 6.57 m
3 Wt of abutment cap = 28.87 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well = 0.00 m
Height of cg above well cap = 4.73 m
4 Wt of abutment stem =1.2*8.4*4.33*2.4 = 104.75 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well = 0.00 m
Height of cg above well cap = 1.77 m
5 Wt of return wall =2*0.4*3.5*8*2.4 = 53.76 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well =2.35 = 2.35 m
Height of cg above well cap = 4.00 m
6 Wt of wing wall =2*0.5*(0.5+0.90)*0.6*0.4*2.4 = 0.81 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well =[0.6/3*(0.90+1.0)/(0.90+0.5)]+3.5 = 3.77 m
Height of cg above well cap = 7.64 m
7 Wt of pedastal =4*0.3*0.7*0.7*2.4 = 1.59 t
Height of cg above well cap = 5.30 m

Dead load of substructure DLB = 221.92 t

Moment about CL of well due to DLB Msub = -167.95 t-m
D Calculation of earth pressure

Active earth pressure

Coefficient for active earth pressure By Coulomb's equation

Sin2(α+φ) x Cosδ
Ka =
Sin2α x Sin(α−δ) x[ 1 + (Sin(φ+δ) x Sin(φ−β) / Sin(α−δ) x Sin(α+β))0.5]2
For Backfill Soil : For Soil around the well :
α 90 degree α 90 degree
β 0 degree β 0 degree
φ 30 degree φ 30 degree
δ 20.0 degree δ 20.0 degree
Ka 0.279 Ka 0.279

Live load surcharge above well cap top 1.2m =0.279*1.2*1.8 = 0.603 t/m2

1 LWL Condition
FRL 106 0.60 Horizontal forces p1 = 4.83 t/m
Cg from base x1 = 31.50 m
Moment at base m1 = 152.07 t-m/m
p1
p2 Horizontal forces p2 = 16.09 t/m
Cg from base x2 = 30.86 m
well cap top 98 4.63 Moment at base m2 = 496.61 t-m/m

Horizontal forces p3 = -2.3132965 t/m

p3 Cg from base x3 = 27.75 m
Moment at base m3 = -64.193978 t-m/m
p4
LBL/LWL 98.5 4.63 Horizontal forces p4 = 0 t/m
Cg from base x4 = 27.79 m
Moment at base m4 = 0 t-m/m
p5
Horizontal forces p5 = 129.54 t/m
Cg from base x5 = 14.00 m
FDL 70.5 4.63 Moment at base m5 = 1813.62 t-m/m

Total moment at base =(m1+m2)*8.4+(m3+m4+m5)*7 = 17695.00 t-m

1 HFL Condition
FRL 106 0.60 Horizontal forces p1 = 2.48 t/m
Cg from base x1 = 33.45 m
Moment at base m1 = 82.95 t-m/m
p1
p2 Horizontal forces p2 = 4.25 t/m
Cg from base x2 = 33.12 m
Moment at base m2 = 140.66 t-m/m
HFL 101.89 2.67
Horizontal forces p3 = 14.39 t/m
Cg from base x3 = 29.45 m
p3 Moment at base m3 = 423.81 t-m/m
p4
Horizontal forces p4 = 2.93 t/m
well cap top 98 3.76 Cg from base x4 = 29.13 m
Moment at base m4 = 85.33 t-m/m

Horizontal forces p5 = 20.79 t/m

p5 Cg from base x5 = 23.98 m
p6 Moment at base m5 = 498.66 t-m/m

MSL/SSL 91.966 5.72 Horizontal forces p6 = 5.44 t/m

Cg from base x6 = 23.42 m
Moment at base m6 = 127.35 t-m/m
p7
Horizontal forces p7 = 117.11 t/m
Cg from base x7 = 10.23 m
FDL 70.5 5.72 Moment at base m7 = 1198.42 t-m/m

Total moment at base =(m1+m2+m3+m4)*8.4+(m5+m6+m7)*7 = 18926.09 t-m

Passive less -active earth pressure

Coefficient for passive earth pressure By Coulomb's equation

Sin2(α-φ) x Cosδ
Kp =
Sin2α x Sin(α+δ) x[ 1 - (Sin(φ+δ) x Sin(φ+β) / Sin(α+δ) x Sin(α+β))0.5]2

Kp = 5.737

1 LWL Condition (Consider below LBL ie. LWL )

Moment at base =0.5*(5.737-0.279)*1*0.42*(98.5-70.5)^3*7/2 = 88059.69 t-m
(considering Factor of safety 2.0)

1 HFL Condition (Consider below MSL/SSL )

Moment at base =0.5*(5.737-0.279)*1*0.42*(91.0-70.5)^3*7/2 = 34387.61 t-m
(considering Factor of safety 2.0)
 CHECK FOR BASE PRESSURE (LWL Condition)

Summary of loads and moments at well base (LWL Condition)

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 30.00

2a Live load reaction 98.83 0.00 70.71
2b FPLL reaction 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Wt of substructure 221.92 -167.95
4 Self wt of well 2506.24 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 317.38 -650.62
6 Filling at front 10.96 17.17
7 Long force at bearing level 20.00 659.00
8 Earth pressure 17695.00
9 Buoyancy at base upto cap soffit -1043.94
10 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -93.24
2172.96 17470.33 100.71

Resultant moment =(17470.33^2+100.71^2)^0.5 = 17470.62 t-m

Moment due to tilt & shift =(475.6)*0.15+2173.0*(98-70.5)/80 = 818.29 t-m
Overturning moment =17470.622+818.292 = 18288.91 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 88059.69 > Overturning moment

Base pressure =2172.96/40.15 = 54.12 t/m2

Thus Ok

Base pressure =2172.96/40.15 = 54.12 t/m2

Thus Ok
 CHECK FOR STEINING STRESS (LWL Condition)

Calculation of point of zero shear (LWL Condition)

Let the point of zero shear be at a depth "h" from LWL h = 5.39 m
Shear due to active earth pressure upto LWL =(p1+p2)*8.4+(p3+p4)*Do = 159.54 t
Shear at (LWL-h) due to surcharge at LWL = h*P5 *Do/(LWL-FDL) = 174.42 t
Shear due to horizontal force from superstructure = 20.00 t
Shear at (LWL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*(Kp-Ka)*Gsub*h^2*Do/2 = 277.04 t

Check for steining stress at RL (LWL-h)As moment is maximum = 93.11 m

Moment due to active earth pressure upto LWL

1 Due to p1 = 329.93 t-m
2 Due to p2 = 997.03 t-m
3 Due to p3 = -71.02 t-m
4 Due to p4 = 0.00 t-m
Total moment due to active earth pressure upto LWL = 1255.95 t-m
Moment at (LWL-h) due to surcharge at LWL = 469.71 t-m
Moment at (LWL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*5.458*1*0.42*5.4^3*7/2 = 626.68 t-m

Summary of loads and moments at RL (LWL-h) (LWL Condition) - Normal Case

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 30.00

2a Live load reaction 98.83 0.00 70.71
2b FPLL reaction 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Wt of substructure 221.92 -167.95
4 Self wt of well cap & steining 357.19 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 317.38 -650.62
6 Filling at front 10.96 17.17
7 Braking force 20.00 281.72
8 Earth pressure 1725.65
9 Pore pr uplift at well steining 15% -31.09
10 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -93.24
1036.77 1123.70 100.71

Resultant moment =(1123.70^2+100.71^2)^0.5 = 1128.21 t-m

Moment due to tilt & shift =(475.6)*0.15+1036.8*(98-70.5)/80 = 134.65 t-m
Overturning moment =1128.206+134.653 = 1262.86 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 626.68 < Overturning moment

Cross sectional area of steining A = 21.87 m2

Section modulus of steining Z = 24.12 m3

Max steining stress P/A + M/Z = 73.79 t/m2

Allowable compressive stress in concrete < 1000.00 t/m2
Min steining stress P/A - M/Z = 21.04 t/m2
 CHECK FOR BASE PRESSURE (HFL Condition)

Summary of loads and moments at well(HFL

baseCondition)

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 30.00

2a Live load reaction 98.83 0.00 70.71
2b FPLL reaction 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Wt of substructure 221.92 -167.95
4 Self wt of well 2506.24 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 334.52 -685.77
6 Filling at front 47.38 74.23
7 Long force at bearing level 20.00 659.00
8 Earth pressure 18926.09
9 Buoyancy at base upto cap soffit -1043.94
10 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -251.28 166.31
2068.49 18889.65 100.71

Resultant moment =(18889.65^2+100.71^2)^0.5 = 18889.91 t-m

Moment due to tilt & shift =(475.6)*0.15+2068.5*(98-70.5)/80 = 782.38 t-m
Overturning moment =18889.915+782.378 = 19672.29 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 34387.61 > Overturning moment

Base pressure =2068.49/40.15 = 51.52 t/m2

Thus Ok

Base pressure =2068.49/40.15 = 51.52 t/m2

Thus Ok
 CHECK FOR STEINING STRESS (HFL Condition)

Calculation of point of zero shear (HFL Condition)

Let the point of zero shear be at a depth "h" from MSL h = 6.03 m
Shear due to active earth pressure upto MSL =(p1+p2+p3+p4)*8.4+(p5+p6)*Do = 385.63 t
Shear at (MSL-h) due to surcharge at MSL = h*P7 *Do/(SSL-FDL) = 241.37 t
Shear due to horizontal force from superstructure = 20.00 t
Shear at (MSL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*(Kp-Ka)*Gsub*h^2*Do/2 = 346.81 t

Check for steining stress at RL (MSL-h)As moment is maximum = 84.94 m

Moment due to active earth pressure upto MSL

1 Due to p1 = 395.95 t-m
2 Due to p2 = 666.33 t-m
3 Due to p3 = 1723.45 t-m
4 Due to p4 = 340.10 t-m
5 Due to p5 = 1279.76 t-m
6 Due to p6 = 317.84 t-m
Total moment due to active earth pressure upto MSL = 4723.44 t-m
Moment at (MSL-h) due to surcharge at MSL = 727.25 t-m
Moment at (MSL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*5.458*1*0.42*6.0^3*7/2 = 877.74 t-m

Summary of loads and moments at RL (MSL-h)

(HFL Condition) Normal Case

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 30.00

2a Live load reaction 98.83 0.00 70.71
2b FPLL reaction 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Wt of substructure 221.92 -167.95
4 Self wt of well cap & steining 786.14 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 334.52 -685.77
6 Filling at front 47.38 74.23
7 Braking force 20.00 370.20
8 Earth pressure 5450.69
9 Pore pr uplift at well steining 15% -37.91
10 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -251.28 166.31 536.92
1354.42 5125.44 100.71
Resultant moment =(5125.44^2+100.71^2)^0.5 = 5126.43 t-m
Moment due to tilt & shift =(475.6)*0.15+1354.4*(98-70.5)/80 = 292.44 t-m
Overturning moment =5126.425+292.442 = 5418.87 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 877.74 < Overturning moment

Cross sectional area of steining A = 21.87 m2

Section modulus of steining Z = 24.12 m2

Max steining stress P/A + M/Z = 250.23 t/m2

Allowable copressive stress in concrete < 1000.00 t/m2
Min steining stress P/A - M/Z = -126.34 t/m2

Minimum reinforcement 0.2% of cross sectional area = 437.31 cm2

On inner face 0.06% of cross sectional area = 131.19 cm2
 Calculation of reinforcement in steining As per clause 7083.5, IRC:78-200

1 Vertical reinforcement
Povide 81nos 25 f At outer face = 397.61 cm2
Povide 81nos 25 f At inner face = 397.61 cm2
Total = 795.22 cm2

As per IRC:78-2000 clause 708.3.5

Minimum reinforcement (inner face) = 0.06% of gross c/s area = 131.19 cm2
Hence ok
Minimum reinforcement (total) = 0.2% of gross c/s area = 437.31 cm2
Hence ok

2 Hoop reinforcement 0.04% of volume/m height of steining = 8746.19 cm3/m

Average diameter of outer & inner hoops = 5.80 m
Min area of hoop reinforcement/m ht of steining = 8746.2/(pi*100*5.8) = 4.80 cm2/m
Pitch of transverse reinforcement As per clause 306.3.3, IRC:21-2000 = 300 mm
Provide 10 f @ 200 c/c on both faces = 7.85 cm2/m

3 Well curb reinforcement

Min area of reinforcement in curb As per clause 708.7.3, IRC:78-2000

a) Required 72kg/m3 = 2142.61 kg

Bar mark 6nos 25 f ring See fig X = 508.51 kg

Diameter of ring = 7.00 m

Bar mark 7nos 25 f ring See fig X = 497.85 kg

Average diameter of ring = 5.88 m

Bar mark 7nos 25 f ring See fig X = 485.14 kg

Average diameter of ring = 5.73 m

Bar mark 135nos 16 f See fig X = 1150.61 kg

Length of ring = 5.4 m

Bar mark 405nos 10 f See fig X = 177.91 kg

Average length of the bar = 0.7 m

Reinforcement provided in well curb = 2642.10 kg

Hence ok
 DESIGN OF ABUTMENT WELL (LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC CASE)

CALCULATION OF LOADS AND MOMENTS

A Self weight of well

4.1
1.2
A

8.4 7 O G E 3.23
θ F

D
0
CL of abut CL of well

theta 1 = 0.142
L1 = 4.243
theta 2 = 0.950
theta = 0.958
theta = 54.878 degree
AD = 8.400 m
CD = 3.226 m
OF = 3.106 m
OE = 3.500 m
GF = 2.506 m
Area of ABCD = 14.568 m2
Cg of the area w.r.to CL of well = 1.667 m
Area of BEC = 0.857 m2
Cg of the area w.r.to CL of well = 3.265 m
 1 Wt of well cap at back ={(8.4*4.1)}*2.4*1.5 = 123.98 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = 1.45 m
2 Wt of well cap at front ={14.57+0.86}*2.4*1.5 = 55.53 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = 1.76 m
3 Wt of Steining =pi/4*(7^2-4.6^2)*2.4*23.9 = 1254.20 t
4 Wt of top plug =pi/4*(4.6^2)*0.3*2.2 = 10.97 t
5 Wt of sand fill =pi/4*4.6^2*23.302*2 = 774.45 t
6 Wt of bottom plug =[(pi/4*4.6^2*0.6+{pi/4*(4.6^2+7.15^2)+ = 131.00 t
pi/4*(4.6^2*7.15^2)^0.5*}1.8/3]*2.2
7 Wt of well curb =[(pi/4*7.15^2*2.1)-131/2.2+(pi/4*4.6^2*0.3)]*2.4 = 71.42 t
8 Wt of soil above curb projn up to well cap top =pi/4*(7.15^2-7^2)*25.4*2 = 84.68 t
9 Buoyancy at well base upto well cap soffit @100% (LWL) =pi/4*7.15^2*26*1 = -1043.94 t
10 Buoyancy at well cap soffit @100% (LWL condition) = -93.24 t
11 Buoyancy at well base upto well cap soffit @100% (HFL) =pi/4*7.15^2*26*1 = -1043.94 t
12 Buoyancy at well cap soffit @100% (HFL condition) = -251.28 t
13 Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = -0.66 m

B Earth load

1 Wt of back filling (LWL) =7.6*2.9*8*1.8 = 317.38 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =2.05 = 2.05 m
2 Wt of front filling (LWL) =0.5*8.4*2.9*0.50*1.8 = 10.96 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =1.5731 = 1.57 m
3 Wt of back filling (HFL) =7.6*2.9*[(4.11*1.8)+(3.89*2)] = 334.52 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =2.05 = 2.05 m
4 Wt of front filling (HFL) =0.5*8.4*2.9*0.5*1 = 47.38 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =1.5731 = 1.57 m

C Wt of abutment, dirt wall, wing & return wall

1 Wt of crash barrier = 9.00 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = 2.82 m
Height of cg above well cap = 8.35 m
2 Wt of dirt wall =2.87*0.4*8.4*2.4 = 23.14 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =0.57 = 0.57 m
Height of cg above well cap = 6.57 m
3 Wt of abutment cap = 28.87 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = 0.00 m
Height of cg above well cap = 4.73 m
4 Wt of abutment stem =1.2*8.4*4.33*2.4 = 104.75 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = 0.00 m
Height of cg above well cap = 1.77 m
5 Wt of return wall =2*0.4*3.5*8*2.4 = 53.76 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =2.35 = 2.35 m
Height of cg above well cap = 4.00 m
6 Wt of wing wall =2*0.5*(0.5+0.90)*0.6*0.4*2.4 = 0.81 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =[0.6/3*(0.90+1.0)/(0.90+0.5)]+3.5 = 3.77 m
Height of cg above well cap = 7.64 m
7 Wt of pedastal =4*0.25*0.7*0.25*2.4 = 0.50 t
Height of cg above well cap = 5.26 m

Dead load of substructure DLB = 220.83 t

Moment about CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) due to DLB Msub = -167.95 t-m
D Calculation of earth pressure

Active earth pressure

Coefficient for active earth pressure By Coulomb's equation

Sin2(α+φ) x Cosδ
Ka =
Sin2α x Sin(α−δ) x[ 1 + (Sin(φ+δ) x Sin(φ−β) / Sin(α−δ) x Sin(α+β))0.5]2
For Backfill Soil : For Soil around the well :
α 90 degree α 90 degree
β 0 degree β 0 degree
φ 30 degree φ 30 degree
δ 20.0 degree δ 20.0 degree
Ka 0.279 Ka 0.279

Live load surcharge 1.2m =0.279*1.2*1.8 = 0.603 t/m2

1 LWL Condition
FRL 106 0.60 Horizontal forces p1 = 4.83 t/m
Cg from base x1 = 31.50 m
Moment at base m1 = 152.07 t-m/m
p1
p2 Horizontal forces p2 = 16.09 t/m
Cg from base x2 = 30.86 m
well cap top 98 4.63 Moment at base m2 = 496.61 t-m/m

Horizontal forces p3 = -2.3132965 t/m

p3 Cg from base x3 = 27.75 m
Moment at base m3 = -64.193978 t-m/m
p4
LBL/LWL 98.5 4.63 Horizontal forces p4 = 0 t/m
Cg from base x4 = 27.79 m
Moment at base m4 = 0 t-m/m
p5
Horizontal forces p5 = 129.54 t/m
Cg from base x5 = 14.00 m
FDL 70.5 4.63 Moment at base m5 = 1813.62 t-m/m

Total moment at base =(m1+m2)*8.4+(m3+m4+m5)*7 = 17695.00 t-m

1 HFL Condition
FRL 106 0.60 Horizontal forces p1 = 2.48 t/m
Cg from base x1 = 33.45 m
Moment at base m1 = 82.95 t-m/m
p1
p2 Horizontal forces p2 = 4.25 t/m
Cg from base x2 = 33.12 m
Moment at base m2 = 140.66 t-m/m
HFL 101.89 2.67
Horizontal forces p3 = 14.39 t/m
Cg from base x3 = 29.45 m
p3 Moment at base m3 = 423.81 t-m/m
p4
Horizontal forces p4 = 2.93 t/m
well cap top 98 3.76 Cg from base x4 = 29.13 m
Moment at base m4 = 85.33 t-m/m

Horizontal forces p5 = 20.79 t/m

p5 Cg from base x5 = 23.98 m
p6 Moment at base m5 = 498.66 t-m/m

MSL/SSL 90.966 5.72 Horizontal forces p6 = 5.44 t/m

Cg from base x6 = 23.42 m
Moment at base m6 = 127.35 t-m/m
p7
Horizontal forces p7 = 117.11 t/m
Cg from base x7 = 10.23 m
FDL 70.5 5.72 Moment at base m7 = 1198.42 t-m/m

Total moment at base =(m1+m2+m3+m4)*8.4+(m5+m6+m7)*7 = 18926.09 t-m

Passive less -active earth pressure

Coefficient for passive earth pressure By Coulomb's equation

Sin2(α-φ) x Cosδ
Kp =
Sin2α x Sin(α+δ) x[ 1 - (Sin(φ+δ) x Sin(φ+β) / Sin(α+δ) x Sin(α+β))0.5]2

Kp = 5.737

1 LWL Condition (Consider below LBL ie. LWL )

Moment at base =0.5*(5.737-0.279)*1*0.42*(98.5-70.5)^3*7/2 = 110074.61 t-m
(considering Factor of safety 1.6)

1 HFL Condition (Consider below MSL/SSL )

Moment at base =0.5*(5.737-0.279)*1*0.42*(91.0-70.5)^3*7/2 = 42984.51 t-m
(considering Factor of safety 1.6)
E Seismic Force Calculation : Substructure and Foundation (LWL CONDITION)

1 Seismic Force : Crash Barrier =(9*0.18) = 1.62 t

CG from Well Cap Top: Crash Barrier = 8.2 = 8.20 m
2 Seismic Force : Dirt Wall =(23.14*0.18) = 4.17 t
CG from Well Cap Top: Dirt Wall =(103.13+2.86999999999999/2)-98 = 6.57 m
3 Seismic Force : Abutment Cap =(28.87*0.18) = 5.20 t
CG from Well Cap Top: Abutment Cap =(103.13-0.8/2)-98 = 4.73 m
4 Seismic Force : Abutment Stem =8.4*(103.1-0.8-98.5)*1.2*2.4*0.18 = 16.68 t
CG from Well Cap Top: Abutment Stem =98.5+(103.1-0.8-98.5)/2-98 = 2.42 m
5 Seismic Force : Pedestal =(0.504*0.18) = 0.09 t
CG from Well Cap Top: Pedestal =(103.13+0.1875)-98 = 5.32 m

Long/Tran Seismic Force =(1.62+4.17+5.20+16.68+0.09)

= 27.75 t

(1.62*8.20)+(4.17*6.57)+(5.20*4.73)+(16.68*2.42)+(0.09*5.32)
CG of Seismic Force From Well Cap Top =
(1.62+4.17+5.20+16.68+0.09)
= 3.819 m

F Seismic Force Calculation : Substructure and Foundation (HFL CONDITION)

1 Seismic Force : Crash Barrier =(9*0.18) = 1.62 t

CG from Scour Level: Crash Barrier = 8.2+(98-90.97) = 15.23 m
2 Seismic Force : Dirt Wall =(23.14*0.18) = 4.17 t
CG from Scour Level: Dirt Wall =(103.13+2.86999999999999/2)-90.97= 13.60 m
3 Seismic Force : Abutment Cap =(28.87*0.18) = 5.20 t
CG from Scour Level: Abutment Cap =(103.13-0.8/2)-90.97 = 11.76 m
4 Seismic Force : Abutment Stem =104.75136*0.18 = 18.86 t
CG from Scour Level: Abutment Stem =(103.1-0.8-98.0)/2+(98-90.97) = 9.20 m
5 Seismic Force : Pedestal =(0.504*0.18) = 0.09 t
CG from Scour Level: Pedestal =(103.13+0.1875)-90.97 = 12.35 m
6 Seismic Force : Well Cap =(123.98+55.53)*0.18 = 32.31 t
CG from Scour Level: Well Cap = (98-90.97-1.5/2) = 6.28 m
7 Seismic Force : Steining =pi/4*(7^2-4.6^2)*2.4*5.53*0.18 = 34.85 t
CG from Scour Level: Steining = (98-90.97-1.5)/2 = 2.77 m
8 Seismic Force : Top Plug = 10.97*0.18 = 1.97 t
CG from Scour Level: Top Plug = (98-90.97-1.5-0.3/2) = 5.38 m
9 Seismic Force : Sand Inside Well =pi/4*4.6^2*5.232*2*0.18 = 31.31 t
CG from Scour Level: Sand Inside Well = (98-90.97-1.5-0.3)/2 = 2.62 m

Long/Tran Seismic Force =(1.62+4.17+5.20+18.860.09+32.31+34.85+1.97+31.31)

= 130.38 t

CG of Seismic Force From Scour Level = 5.439 m

 CHECK FOR BASE PRESSURE (LWL Condition)

Summary of loads and moments at well base (LWL Condition)

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 30.00

2a Live load reaction 49.42 0.00 35.36
2b FPLL reaction 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Wt of substructure 220.83 -167.95
4 Self wt of well 2506.24 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 317.38 -650.62
6 Filling at front 10.96 17.17
7 Long force at bearing level 264.68 8721.34
8 Earth pressure 17695.00
9 Seismic Force on Subst. and Fdn. 27.75 869.12
10 Buoyancy at base upto cap soffit -1043.94
11 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -93.24
2122.47 26401.79 65.36

Resultant moment =(26401.79^2+65.36^2)^0.5 = 26401.87 t-m

Moment due to tilt & shift =(425.1)*0.15+2122.5*(98-70.5)/80 = 793.36 t-m
Overturning moment =26401.875+793.358 = 27195.23 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 110074.61 > Overturning moment

Base pressure =2122.47/40.15 = 52.86 t/m2

Thus Ok

Base pressure =2122.47/40.15 = 52.86 t/m2

Thus Ok
 CHECK FOR STEINING STRESS (LWL Condition)

Calculation of point of zero shear (LWL Condition)

Let the point of zero shear be at a depth "h" from LWL h = 6.29 m
Shear due to active earth pressure upto LWL =(p1+p2)*8.4+(p3+p4)*Do = 159.54 t
Shear at (LWL-h) due to surcharge at LWL = h*P5 *Do/(LWL-FDL) = 203.58 t
Shear due to horizontal force from superstructure = 37.75 t
Shear at (LWL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*(Kp-Ka)*Gsub*h^2*Do/2 = 377.42 t

Check for steining stress at RL (LWL-h) As moment is maximum = 92.21 m

Moment due to active earth pressure upto LWL

1 Due to p1 = 366.44 t-m
2 Due to p2 = 1118.75 t-m
3 Due to p3 = -85.60 t-m
4 Due to p4 = 0.00 t-m
Total moment due to active earth pressure upto LWL = 1399.59 t-m
Moment at (LWL-h) due to surcharge at LWL = 639.88 t-m
Moment at (LWL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*5.458*1*0.42*6.3^3*7/2 = 996.46 t-m

Summary of loads and moments at RL (LWL-h) (LWL Condition) - Seismic Case

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 30.00

2a Live load reaction 49.42 0.00 35.36
2b FPLL reaction 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Wt of substructure 220.83 -167.95
4 Self wt of well cap & steining 404.44 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 317.38 -650.62
6 Filling at front 10.96 17.17
7 Braking force 264.68 2974.03
8 Earth pressure 2039.47
9 Seismic Force on Subst. and Fdn. 27.75 280.42
10 Pore pr uplift at well steining 15% -36.29
11 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -93.24
1028.32 4410.26 65.36

Resultant moment =(4410.26^2+65.36^2)^0.5 = 4410.74 t-m

Moment due to tilt & shift =(425.1)*0.15+1028.3*(98-70.5)/80 = 138.14 t-m
Overturning moment =4410.744+138.136 = 4548.88 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 996.46 < Overturning moment

Cross sectional area of steining A = 21.87 m2

Section modulus of steining Z = 24.12 m3

Max steining stress P/A + M/Z = 194.32 t/m2

Allowable compressive stress in concrete < 1500.00 t/m2
Min steining stress P/A - M/Z = -100.26 t/m2
 CHECK FOR BASE PRESSURE (HFL Condition)

Summary of loads and moments at well base (HFL Condition)

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 30.00

2a Live load reaction 49.42 0.00 35.36
2b FPLL reaction 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Wt of substructure 220.83 -167.95
4 Self wt of well 2506.24 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 334.52 -685.77
6 Filling at front 47.38 74.23
7 Long force at bearing level 10.00 329.50
8 Seismic Force on Subst. and Fdn. 130.38 3377.42
9 Earth pressure 18926.09
10 Buoyancy at base upto cap soffit -1043.94
11 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -251.28 166.31
2017.99 21937.56 65.36

Resultant moment =(21937.56^2+65.36^2)^0.5 = 21937.66 t-m

Moment due to tilt & shift =(425.1)*0.15+2018.0*(98-70.5)/80 = 757.44 t-m
Overturning moment =21937.660+757.444 = 22695.10 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 42984.51 > Overturning moment

Base pressure =2017.99/40.15 = 50.26 t/m2

Thus Ok

Base pressure =2017.99/40.15 = 50.26 t/m2

Thus Ok
 CHECK FOR STEINING STRESS (HFL Condition)

Calculation of point of zero shear (HFL Condition)

Let the point of zero shear be at a depth "h" from MSL h = 7.29 m
Shear due to active earth pressure upto MSL =(p1+p2+p3+p4)*8.4+(p5+p6)*Do = 385.63 t
Shear at (MSL-h) due to surcharge at MSL = h*P7 *Do/(SSL-FDL) = 292.00 t
Shear due to horizontal force from superstructure = 140.38 t
Shear at (MSL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*(Kp-Ka)*Gsub*h^2*Do/2 = 507.54 t

Check for steining stress at RL (MSL-h) As moment is maximum = 83.68 m

Moment due to active earth pressure upto MSL

1 Due to p1 = 422.28 t-m
2 Due to p2 = 711.42 t-m
3 Due to p3 = 1876.25 t-m
4 Due to p4 = 371.20 t-m
5 Due to p5 = 1463.69 t-m
6 Due to p6 = 365.94 t-m
Total moment due to active earth pressure upto MSL = 5210.78 t-m
Moment at (MSL-h) due to surcharge at MSL = 1064.28 t-m
Moment at (MSL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*5.458*1*0.42*7.3^3*7/2 = 1553.90 t-m

Summary of loads and moments at RL (MSL-h) (HFL Condition) Seismic Case

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 30.00

2a Live load reaction 49.42 0.00 35.36
2b FPLL reaction 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Wt of substructure 220.83 -167.95
4 Self wt of well cap & steining 852.46 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 334.52 -685.77
6 Filling at front 47.38 74.23
7 Braking force 264.68 5233.77
8 Seismic Force on Subst. and Fdn. 130.38 1659.50
9 Earth pressure 6275.06
10 Pore pr uplift at well steining 15% -42.06
11 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -251.28 166.31 533.36
1366.10 12472.89 65.36
Resultant moment =(12472.89^2+65.36^2)^0.5 = 12473.06 t-m
Moment due to tilt & shift =(425.1)*0.15+1366.1*(98-70.5)/80 = 308.35 t-m
Overturning moment =12473.060+308.354 = 12781.41 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 1553.90 < Overturning moment

Cross sectional area of steining A = 21.87 m2

Section modulus of steining Z = 24.12 m2

Max steining stress P/A + M/Z = 528.00 t/m2

Allowable copressive stress in concrete < 1500.00 t/m2
Min steining stress P/A - M/Z = -403.05 t/m2

Minimum reinforcement 0.2% of cross sectional area = 437.31 cm2

On inner face 0.06% of cross sectional area = 131.19 cm2

Hollow Circular Section Subjected to Axial Thrust and Bending

outer inner
Dia. of section = cm 700 460
R= cm 350 230
Modular ratio = 10 10
Vertical Load = t 1366.10 1366.10 Stress in Con. = 104 kg/cm2
Bending Moment = tm 11227.51 11227.51 Stress in R/f. = -2272 kg/cm2
Effective Cover = cm 9.75 9.8

Ast.provided = cm2 207.24 132.66

N.A.assumed = cm 4.18E+02 2.98E+02 20038824
q = deg or 2.02E+02 2.14E+02
rad 3.53E+00 3.74E+00
Ar = cm2 2.39E+05 1.14E+05
C = cm 6.87E+02 4.40E+02
c.g. = cm 1.13E+02 6.23E+01
Ixx = cm4 2.92E+09 7.03E+08
Aeff. = cm2 1.29E+05
e = 8.22E+02
e' = 1.55E+02
e - e' = 6.67E+02
Ieff = 1.90E+09
Dist. Of N.A = 2.21E+01
1.33E+02
-6.77E+01
 Calculation of reinforcement in steining As per clause 708.3.5, IRC:78-2000

1 Vertical reinforcement
Povide 81nos 25 f At outer face = 397.61 cm2
Povide 81nos 25 f At inner face = 397.61 cm2
Total = 795.22 cm2

As per IRC:78-2000 clause 708.3.5

Minimum reinforcement (total) = 0.2% of gross c/s area = 437.31 cm2
Hence ok

2 Hoop reinforcement 0.04% of volume/m height of steining = 8746.19 cm3/m

Average diameter of outer & inner hoops = 5.80 m
Min area of hoop reinforcement/m ht of steining = 8746.2/(pi*100*5.8) = 4.80 cm2/m
Pitch of transverse reinforcement As per clause 306.3.3, IRC:21-2000 = 300 mm
Provide 10 f @ 200 c/c on both faces = 7.85 cm2/m

3 Well curb reinforcement

Min area of reinforcement in curb As per clause 708.7.3, IRC:78-2000

a) Required 72kg/m3 = 2142.61 kg

Bar mark c1 6nos 25 f ring See fig X = 508.51 kg

Diameter of ring = 7.00 m

Bar mark c2 7nos 25 f ring See fig X = 497.85 kg

Average diameter of ring = 5.88 m

Bar mark c3 7nos 25 f ring See fig X = 485.14 kg

Average diameter of ring = 5.73 m

Bar mark c4 135nos 16 f See fig X = 1150.61 kg

Length of ring = 5.4 m

Bar mark c5 405nos 10 f See fig X = 177.91 kg

Average length of the bar = 0.7 m

Reinforcement provided in well curb = 2642.10 kg

Hence ok
 DESIGN OF ABUTMENT WELL (TRANSVERSE SEISMIC CASE)

CALCULATION OF LOADS AND MOMENTS

A Self weight of well

4.1
1.2
A

8.4 7 O G E 3.23
θ F

D
0
CL of abut CL of well

theta 1 = 0.142
L1 = 4.243
theta 2 = 0.950
theta = 0.958
theta = 54.878 degree
AD = 8.400 m
CD = 3.226 m
OF = 3.106 m
OE = 3.500 m
GF = 2.506 m
Area of ABCD = 14.568 m2
Cg of the area w.r.to CL of well = 1.667 m
Area of BEC = 0.857 m2
Cg of the area w.r.to CL of well = 3.265 m
 1 Wt of well cap at back ={(8.4*4.1)}*2.4*1.5 = 123.98 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = 1.45 m
2 Wt of well cap at front ={14.57+0.86}*2.4*1.5 = 55.53 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = 1.76 m
3 Wt of Steining =pi/4*(7^2-4.6^2)*2.4*23.9 = 1254.20 t
4 Wt of top plug =pi/4*(4.6^2)*0.3*2.2 = 10.97 t
5 Wt of sand fill =pi/4*4.6^2*23.302*2 = 774.45 t
6 Wt of bottom plug =[(pi/4*4.6^2*0.6+{pi/4*(4.6^2+7.15^2)+ = 131.00 t
pi/4*(4.6^2*7.15^2)^0.5*}1.8/3]*2.2
7 Wt of well curb =[(pi/4*7.15^2*2.1)-131/2.2+(pi/4*4.6^2*0.3)]*2.4 = 71.42 t
8 Wt of soil above curb projn up to well cap top =pi/4*(7.15^2-7^2)*25.4*2 = 84.68 t
9 Buoyancy at well base upto well cap soffit @100% (LWL) =pi/4*7.15^2*26*1 = -1043.94 t
10 Buoyancy at well cap soffit @100% (LWL condition) = -93.24 t
11 Buoyancy at well base upto well cap soffit @100% (HFL) =pi/4*7.15^2*26*1 = -1043.94 t
12 Buoyancy at well cap soffit @100% (HFL condition) = -251.28 t
13 Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = -0.66 m

B Earth load

1 Wt of back filling (LWL) =7.6*2.9*8*1.8 = 317.38 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =2.05 = 2.05 m
2 Wt of front filling (LWL) =0.5*8.4*2.9*0.50*1.8 = 10.96 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =1.5731 = 1.57 m
3 Wt of back filling (HFL) =7.6*2.9*[(4.11*1.8)+(3.89*2)] = 334.52 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =2.05 = 2.05 m
4 Wt of front filling (HFL) =0.5*8.4*2.9*0.5*1 = 47.38 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =1.5731 = 1.57 m

C Wt of abutment, dirt wall, wing & return wall

1 Wt of crash barrier = 9.00 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = 2.82 m
Height of cg above well cap = 8.35 m
2 Wt of dirt wall =2.87*0.4*8.4*2.4 = 23.14 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =0.57 = 0.57 m
Height of cg above well cap = 6.57 m
3 Wt of abutment cap = 28.87 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = 0.00 m
Height of cg above well cap = 4.73 m
4 Wt of abutment stem =1.2*8.4*4.33*2.4 = 104.75 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) = 0.00 m
Height of cg above well cap = 1.77 m
5 Wt of return wall =2*0.4*3.5*8*2.4 = 53.76 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =2.35 = 2.35 m
Height of cg above well cap = 4.00 m
6 Wt of wing wall =2*0.5*(0.5+0.90)*0.6*0.4*2.4 = 0.81 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) =[0.6/3*(0.90+1.0)/(0.90+0.5)]+3.5 = 3.77 m
Height of cg above well cap = 7.64 m
7 Wt of pedastal =4*0.25*0.7*0.25*2.4 = 0.50 t
Height of cg above well cap = 5.26 m

Dead load of substructure DLB = 220.83 t

Moment about CL of well (ie. CL of bearing) due to DLB Msub = -167.95 t-m
D Calculation of earth pressure

Active earth pressure

Coefficient for active earth pressure By Coulomb's equation

Sin2(α+φ) x Cosδ
Ka =
Sin2α x Sin(α−δ) x[ 1 + (Sin(φ+δ) x Sin(φ−β) / Sin(α−δ) x Sin(α+β))0.5]2
For Backfill Soil : For Soil around the well :
α 90 degree α 90 degree
β 0 degree β 0 degree
φ 30 degree φ 30 degree
δ 20.0 degree δ 20.0 degree
Ka 0.279 Ka 0.279

Live load surcharge 1.2m =0.279*1.2*1.8 = 0.603 t/m2

1 LWL Condition
FRL 106 0.60 Horizontal forces p1 = 4.83 t/m
Cg from base x1 = 31.50 m
Moment at base m1 = 152.07 t-m/m
p1
p2 Horizontal forces p2 = 16.09 t/m
Cg from base x2 = 30.86 m
well cap top 98 4.63 Moment at base m2 = 496.61 t-m/m

Horizontal forces p3 = -2.3132965 t/m

p3 Cg from base x3 = 27.75 m
Moment at base m3 = -64.193978 t-m/m
p4
LBL/LWL 98.5 4.63 Horizontal forces p4 = 0 t/m
Cg from base x4 = 27.79 m
Moment at base m4 = 0 t-m/m
p5
Horizontal forces p5 = 129.54 t/m
Cg from base x5 = 14.00 m
FDL 70.5 4.63 Moment at base m5 = 1813.62 t-m/m

Total moment at base =(m1+m2)*8.4+(m3+m4+m5)*7 = 17695.00 t-m

1 HFL Condition
FRL 106 0.60 Horizontal forces p1 = 2.48 t/m
Cg from base x1 = 33.45 m
Moment at base m1 = 82.95 t-m/m
p1
p2 Horizontal forces p2 = 4.25 t/m
Cg from base x2 = 33.12 m
Moment at base m2 = 140.66 t-m/m
HFL 101.89 2.67
Horizontal forces p3 = 14.39 t/m
Cg from base x3 = 29.45 m
p3 Moment at base m3 = 423.81 t-m/m
p4
Horizontal forces p4 = 2.93 t/m
well cap top 98 3.76 Cg from base x4 = 29.13 m
Moment at base m4 = 85.33 t-m/m

Horizontal forces p5 = 20.79 t/m

p5 Cg from base x5 = 23.98 m
p6 Moment at base m5 = 498.66 t-m/m

MSL/SSL 90.966 5.72 Horizontal forces p6 = 5.44 t/m

Cg from base x6 = 23.42 m
Moment at base m6 = 127.35 t-m/m
p7
Horizontal forces p7 = 117.11 t/m
Cg from base x7 = 10.23 m
FDL 70.5 5.72 Moment at base m7 = 1198.42 t-m/m

Total moment at base =(m1+m2+m3+m4)*8.4+(m5+m6+m7)*7 = 18926.09 t-m

Passive less -active earth pressure

Coefficient for passive earth pressure By Coulomb's equation

Sin2(α-φ) x Cosδ
Kp =
Sin2α x Sin(α+δ) x[ 1 - (Sin(φ+δ) x Sin(φ+β) / Sin(α+δ) x Sin(α+β))0.5]2

Kp = 5.737

1 LWL Condition (Consider below LBL ie. LWL )

Moment at base =0.5*(5.737-0.279)*1*0.42*(98.5-70.5)^3*7/2 = 110074.61 t-m
(considering Factor of safety 1.6)

1 HFL Condition (Consider below MSL/SSL )

Moment at base =0.5*(5.737-0.279)*1*0.42*(91.0-70.5)^3*7/2 = 42984.51 t-m
(considering Factor of safety 1.6)
E Seismic Force Calculation : Substructure and Foundation (LWL CONDITION)

1 Seismic Force : Crash Barrier =(9*0.18) = 1.62 t

CG from Well Cap Top: Crash Barrier = 8.2 = 8.20 m
2 Seismic Force : Dirt Wall =(23.14*0.18) = 4.17 t
CG from Well Cap Top: Dirt Wall =(103.13+2.86999999999999/2)-98 = 6.57 m
3 Seismic Force : Abutment Cap =(28.87*0.18) = 5.20 t
CG from Well Cap Top: Abutment Cap =(103.13-0.8/2)-98 = 4.73 m
4 Seismic Force : Abutment Stem =8.4*(103.1-0.8-98.5)*1.2*2.4*0.18 = 16.68 t
CG from Well Cap Top: Abutment Stem =98.5+(103.1-0.8-98.5)/2-98 = 2.42 m
5 Seismic Force : Pedestal =(0.504*0.18) = 0.09 t
CG from Well Cap Top: Pedestal =(103.13+0.1875)-98 = 5.32 m

Long/Tran Seismic Force =(1.62+4.17+5.20+16.68+0.09)

= 27.75 t

(1.62*8.20)+(4.17*6.57)+(5.20*4.73)+(16.68*2.42)+(0.09*5.32)
CG of Seismic Force From Well Cap Top =
(1.62+4.17+5.20+16.68+0.09)
= 3.819 m

F Seismic Force Calculation : Substructure and Foundation (HFL CONDITION)

1 Seismic Force : Crash Barrier =(9*0.18) = 1.62 t

CG from Scour Level: Crash Barrier = 8.2+(98-90.97) = 15.23 m
2 Seismic Force : Dirt Wall =(23.14*0.18) = 4.17 t
CG from Scour Level: Dirt Wall =(103.13+2.86999999999999/2)-90.97= 13.60 m
3 Seismic Force : Abutment Cap =(28.87*0.18) = 5.20 t
CG from Scour Level: Abutment Cap =(103.13-0.8/2)-90.97 = 11.76 m
4 Seismic Force : Abutment Stem =104.75136*0.18 = 18.86 t
CG from Scour Level: Abutment Stem =(103.1-0.8-98.0)/2+(98-90.97) = 9.20 m
5 Seismic Force : Pedestal =(0.504*0.18) = 0.09 t
CG from Scour Level: Pedestal =(103.13+0.1875)-90.97 = 12.35 m
6 Seismic Force : Well Cap =(123.98+55.53)*0.18 = 32.31 t
CG from Scour Level: Well Cap = (98-90.97-1.5/2) = 6.28 m
7 Seismic Force : Steining =pi/4*(7^2-4.6^2)*2.4*5.53*0.18 = 34.85 t
CG from Scour Level: Steining = (98-90.97-1.5)/2 = 2.77 m
8 Seismic Force : Top Plug = 10.97*0.18 = 1.97 t
CG from Scour Level: Top Plug = (98-90.97-1.5-0.3/2) = 5.38 m
9 Seismic Force : Sand Inside Well =pi/4*4.6^2*5.232*2*0.18 = 31.31 t
CG from Scour Level: Sand Inside Well = (98-90.97-1.5-0.3)/2 = 2.62 m

Long/Tran Seismic Force =(1.62+4.17+5.20+18.860.09+32.31+34.85+1.97+31.31)

= 130.38 t

CG of Seismic Force From Scour Level = 5.439 m

 CHECK FOR BASE PRESSURE (LWL Condition)

Summary of loads and moments at well base (LWL Condition)

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t)/Hy (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 30.00

2a Live load reaction 49.42 0.00 35.36
2b FPLL reaction 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Wt of substructure 220.83 -167.95
4 Self wt of well 2506.24 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 317.38 -650.62
6 Filling at front 10.96 17.17
7 Long force at bearing level 20.00 659.00
8 Earth pressure 17695.00
9 Seismic Force on Subst. and Fdn. 27.75 869.12
10 Seismic Force on DL 24.79 852.76
11 Seismic Force on SIDL 3.08 109.88
12 Seismic Force on LL 8.89 326.44
13 Buoyancy at base upto cap soffit -1043.94
14 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -93.24
2122.47 17470.33 2223.56

Resultant moment =(17470.33^2+2223.56^2)^0.5 = 17611.27 t-m

Moment due to tilt & shift =(425.1)*0.15+2122.5*(98-70.5)/80 = 793.36 t-m
Overturning moment =17611.267+793.358 = 18404.63 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 110074.61 > Overturning moment

Base pressure =2122.47/40.15 = 52.86 t/m2

Thus Ok

Base pressure =2122.47/40.15 = 52.86 t/m2

Thus Ok
 CHECK FOR STEINING STRESS (LWL Condition)

Calculation of point of zero shear (LWL Condition)

Let the point of zero shear be at a depth "h" from LWL h = 6.29 m
Shear due to active earth pressure upto LWL =(p1+p2)*8.4+(p3+p4)*Do = 159.54 t
Shear at (LWL-h) due to surcharge at LWL = h*P5 *Do/(LWL-FDL) = 203.58 t
Shear due to horizontal force from superstructure = 37.75 t
Shear at (LWL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*(Kp-Ka)*Gsub*h^2*Do/2 = 377.42 t

Check for steining stress at RL (LWL-h) As moment is maximum = 92.21 m

Moment due to active earth pressure upto LWL

1 Due to p1 = 366.44 t-m
2 Due to p2 = 1118.75 t-m
3 Due to p3 = -85.60 t-m
4 Due to p4 = 0.00 t-m
Total moment due to active earth pressure upto LWL = 1399.59 t-m
Moment at (LWL-h) due to surcharge at LWL = 639.88 t-m
Moment at (LWL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*5.458*1*0.42*6.3^3*7/2 = 996.46 t-m

Summary of loads and moments at RL (LWL-h) (LWL Condition) - Seismic Case

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t)/Hy (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 30.00

2a Live load reaction 49.42 0.00 35.36
2b FPLL reaction 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Wt of substructure 220.83 -167.95
4 Self wt of well cap & steining 404.44 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 317.38 -650.62
6 Filling at front 10.96 17.17
7 Braking force 20.00 224.72
8 Earth pressure 2039.47
9 Seismic Force on Subst. and Fdn. 27.75 280.42
10 Seismic Force on DL 24.79 314.48
11 Seismic Force on SIDL 3.08 43.05
12 Seismic Force on LL 8.89 133.30
13 Pore pr uplift at well steining 15% -36.29
14 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -93.24
1028.32 1380.53 836.61

Resultant moment =(1380.53^2+836.61^2)^0.5 = 1614.24 t-m

Moment due to tilt & shift =(425.1)*0.15+1028.3*(98-70.5)/80 = 138.14 t-m
Overturning moment =1614.242+138.136 = 1752.38 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 996.46 < Overturning moment

Cross sectional area of steining A = 21.87 m2

Section modulus of steining Z = 24.12 m3

Max steining stress P/A + M/Z = 78.37 t/m2

Allowable compressive stress in concrete < 1500.00 t/m2
Min steining stress P/A - M/Z = 15.69 t/m2
 CHECK FOR BASE PRESSURE (HFL Condition)

Summary of loads and moments at well base (HFL Condition)

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t)/Hy (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 30.00

2a Live load reaction 49.42 0.00 35.36
2b FPLL reaction 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Wt of substructure 220.83 -167.95
4 Self wt of well 2506.24 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 334.52 -685.77
6 Filling at front 47.38 74.23
7 Long force at bearing level 20.00 659.00
8 Seismic Force on Subst. and Fdn. 130.38 3377.42
9 Earth pressure 18926.09
10 Seismic Force on DL 24.79 852.76
11 Seismic Force on SIDL 3.08 109.88
12 Seismic Force on LL 8.89 326.44
13 Buoyancy at base upto cap soffit -1043.94
14 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -251.28 166.31
2017.99 18889.65 4731.85

Resultant moment =(18889.65^2+4731.85^2)^0.5 = 19473.29 t-m

Moment due to tilt & shift =(425.1)*0.15+2018.0*(98-70.5)/80 = 757.44 t-m
Overturning moment =19473.294+757.444 = 20230.74 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 42984.51 > Overturning moment

Base pressure =2017.99/40.15 = 50.26 t/m2

Thus Ok

Base pressure =2017.99/40.15 = 50.26 t/m2

Thus Ok
 CHECK FOR STEINING STRESS (HFL Condition)

Calculation of point of zero shear (HFL Condition)

Let the point of zero shear be at a depth "h" from MSL h = 7.29 m
Shear due to active earth pressure upto MSL =(p1+p2+p3+p4)*8.4+(p5+p6)*Do = 385.63 t
Shear at (MSL-h) due to surcharge at MSL = h*P7 *Do/(SSL-FDL) = 292.00 t
Shear due to horizontal force from superstructure = 140.38 t
Shear at (MSL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*(Kp-Ka)*Gsub*h^2*Do/2 = 507.54 t

Check for steining stress at RL (MSL-h) As moment is maximum = 83.68 m

Moment due to active earth pressure upto MSL

1 Due to p1 = 422.28 t-m
2 Due to p2 = 711.42 t-m
3 Due to p3 = 1876.25 t-m
4 Due to p4 = 371.20 t-m
5 Due to p5 = 1463.69 t-m
6 Due to p6 = 365.94 t-m
Total moment due to active earth pressure upto MSL = 5210.78 t-m
Moment at (MSL-h) due to surcharge at MSL = 1064.28 t-m
Moment at (MSL-h) due to (Kp-Ka) pressure =0.5*5.458*1*0.42*7.3^3*7/2 = 1553.90 t-m

Summary of loads and moments at RL (MSL-h) (HFL Condition) Seismic Case

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t)/Hy (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 154.82 0.00 41.00

2a Live load reaction 49.42 0.00 35.36
2b FPLL reaction 7.60 0.00 28.50
3 Wt of substructure 220.83 -167.95
4 Self wt of well cap & steining 852.46 -82.27
5 Backfill earth 334.52 -685.77
6 Filling at front 47.38 74.23
7 Braking force 20.00 395.47
8 Seismic Force on Subst. and Fdn. 130.38 1659.50
9 Seismic Force on DL 24.79 526.13
10 Seismic Force on SIDL 3.08 69.33
11 Seismic Force on LL 8.89 209.24
12 Earth pressure 6275.06
13 Pore pr uplift at well steining 15% -42.06
14 Buoyancy at well cap soffit -251.28 166.31 537.11
1373.70 5975.09 2569.05
Resultant moment =(5975.09^2+2569.05^2)^0.5 = 6503.97 t-m
Moment due to tilt & shift =(432.7)*0.15+1373.7*(98-70.5)/80 = 310.85 t-m
Overturning moment =6503.972+310.855 = 6814.83 t-m
Moment due to passive relief 1553.90 < Overturning moment

Cross sectional area of steining A = 21.87 m2

Section modulus of steining Z = 24.12 m2

Max steining stress P/A + M/Z = 280.96 t/m2

Allowable copressive stress in concrete < 1500.00 t/m2
Min steining stress P/A - M/Z = -155.31 t/m2

Minimum reinforcement 0.2% of cross sectional area = 437.31 cm2

On inner face 0.06% of cross sectional area = 131.19 cm2
 Calculation of reinforcement in steining As per IRC:78-2000 clause 708.3.5

1 Vertical reinforcement
Povide 81nos 25 f At outer face = 397.61 cm2
Povide 81nos 25 f At inner face = 397.61 cm2
Total = 795.22 cm2

As per IRC:78-2000 clause 708.3.5

Minimum reinforcement (inner face) = 0.06% of gross c/s area = 131.19 cm2
Hence ok
Minimum reinforcement (total) = 0.2% of gross c/s area = 437.31 cm2
Hence ok
Minimum reinforcement (outer face) = 306.12 cm2
Hence ok

2 Hoop reinforcement 0.04% of volume/m height of steining = 8746.19 cm3/m

Average diameter of outer & inner hoops = 5.80 m
Min area of hoop reinforcement/m ht of steining = 8746.2/(pi*100*5.8) = 4.80 cm2/m
Pitch of transverse reinforcement As per clause 306.3.3, IRC:21-2000 = 300 mm
Provide 10 f @ 200 c/c on both faces = 7.85 cm2/m

3 Well curb reinforcement

Min area of reinforcement in curb As per clause 708.7.3, IRC:78-2000

a) Required 72kg/m3 = 2142.61 kg

Bar mark c1 6nos 25 f ring See fig X = 508.51 kg

Diameter of ring = 7.00 m

Bar mark c2 7nos 25 f ring See fig X = 497.85 kg

Average diameter of ring = 5.88 m

Bar mark c3 7nos 25 f ring See fig X = 485.14 kg

Average diameter of ring = 5.73 m

Bar mark c4 135nos 16 f See fig X = 1150.61 kg

Length of ring = 5.4 m

Bar mark c5 405nos 10 f See fig X = 177.91 kg

Average length of the bar = 0.7 m

Reinforcement provided in well curb = 2642.10 kg

Hence ok
 DESIGN OF WELL CAP

Well cap has been designed as a plate supported at the boundary by steining and subjected to vertical loads &
o
moments through the substructure .The load is considered after 45 dispersion through the depth of the slab, upon
the effective depth. Since the vertical load after dispersion practically covers the entire dredge hole area, the load is
considered as UDL and bending moments calculated accordingly.
50% of the sagging moment at the centre of well cap is considered at support to account for partial fixidity of the
well cap with the steining. Effect of moment is considered by considering an equivalent triangular distribution of
load for shear force. For the moment , effect has been taken as per " Formula for stress & strain " by R.F. Roark &
Young.

A A

8.4 3.23

C/L of abutlC/L of well

Extra length of cantilever due to tilt & shift =0.15+27.5/80 = 0.49 m

1 Wt of back filling 1 (LWL) =2.68*2.73*8*1.8 = 105.39 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-1.365 = 1.62 m

2 Wt of back filling 2 (LWL) =2.68*0.17*4.33*1.8 = 3.55 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-3.585 = -0.60 m

3 Wt of back filling 3 (LWL) =2.68*0.5*0.17*0.3*1.8 = 0.12 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-3.56 = -0.57 m

4 Wt of frontfill earth =1.8*0.50*0.5*3.08*1.87 = 2.60 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-4.72 = -1.74 m

5 self wt of well cap at back =1.5*2.4*3.08*4.1 = 45.47 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-2.05 = 0.94 m
 6 self wt of well cap at front =2.4*1.5*0.5*3.08*1.87 = 9.56 t
Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-4.72 = -1.74 m

7 Wt of crash barrier =4.5*1 = 4.50 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =3.59-2.25 = 1.34 m

8 Wt of return wall 1 =0.4*3.5*8*2.4 = 26.88 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-1.365 = 1.62 m

9 Wt of return wall 2 =0.4*0.17*4.33*2.4 = 0.71 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-3.585 = -0.60 m

10 Wt of return wall 3 =0.4*0.5*0.17*0.3*2.4 = 0.02 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-3.56 = -0.57 m

11 Wt of wing wall =0.5*(0.5+0.90)*0.6*0.4*2.4 = 0.40 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =[0.6/3*(0.90+1.0)/(0.90+0.5)]+2.99 = 3.26 m

12 Load from abutment =156.89*3.08/8.4 = 57.54 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-3.5 = -0.51 m

13 Load due to (DL+SIDL+LL) reaction =(137.72+17.1+98.8)*3.08/8.4 = 93.03 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-3.5 = -0.51 m

14 Load due to LL surcharge =2.68*2.73*1.2*1.8 = 15.81 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99-1.365 = 1.62 m

15 Vertical earth pressure =(16.09+4.83)*2.68*0.36 = 20.41 t

Eccen w.r.t CL of Sec A-A =2.99 = 2.99 m

Torsional moment due to above loads about C/L of Sec A-A = 250.26 t-m
Torsional moment due to earth pressure about C/L of Sec A-A = 226.08 t-m
Total torsional moment T= 24.17 t-m

Moment due to above loads about the face of inscribed square Sec A-A = 613.52 t-m
=1.34*124.88+1.03*12.16+1.54*216.47+3.08*32.51

Width of cap over which moment is acting =b = 5.97 m

Equivalent bending moment =T(1+D/b)/1.7 = 17.79 t-m

Total moment = 631.31 t-m

Moment /m = 105.66 t-m
 Moment of resistance M= Qbd2 M35 grade of concrete
2
Where , Q = 0.5*scbc * j*k = 170.30 t/m
k = m / (m + r) = 0.33
j = 1 - k/3 = 0.89

Required effective depth =(105.66/170.30)^0.5 = 0.79 m

Depth provided =1.5-0.075-0.025 = 1.400 m
2
Required Ast =M/sst*j*d =105.66*10000/24000*0.889*1.4 = 35.37 cm /m

Provide 25 f + f @ 125 c/c at bottom (b1 / b2)

2
Provided Ast in two layers = 39.27 cm /m
Thus OK
2
Min reinforcement = 0.06% of cross sectional area = 9 cm /m
Provide 20 f @ 125 c/c at top (b3 / b4)
Provided Ast = 25.13 cm2/m
Thus OK
Shear at deff due to direct load = 225.39 t
Shear due to torsional moment 1.6T/b = 6.47 t
Total shear V 231.86 t
Shear/m V/b = 38.81 t/m
2
Shear stress V/bd = tv = 27.72 t/m
2
= 0.272 N/mm
Check for Shear
Shear to be carried by concrete :
Grade of conc. used 35 Mpa
d = 1.400 m
r = 0.280 %

Grade of steel 415

Dia of bar used 25 f
Q for concrete
170 t/m^2
grade used
j value for concrete 0.89
Permissible stress
20000 t/m^2
in steel

2
Allowable shear stress, 0.244 N/mm i.e. Therefore shear reinforcement is required.
tc =
Summary of loads and moments at well cap bottom (LWL Condition) : Normal Case

Sl.No. Items W (t) Hx (t) Mx (t-m) My (t-m)

1 DL+SIDL of suprstructure 129.02 0.00 149.53

2 Live load reaction 82.36 -20.59 30.00
2b FPLL reaction 5.56 -1.79 31.94
3 Wt of substructure 184.93 -139.96
4 Backfill earth 146.16 -299.63
5 Filling at front 6.46 13.24
6 Braking force 20.00 139.00
7 Earth pressure 989.32
554.48 679.60 211.47

Resultant moment =(679.60^2+211.47^2)^0.5 = 711.74 t-m

Moment due to tilt & shift =(401.9)*0.15+554.5*(98-70.5)/80 = 250.88 t-m
Overturning moment =711.739+250.882 = 962.62 t-m

Check for shear

Direct shear

Effective diameter of well cap D = 2R = 5.8 m

Effective depth of well cap = 1.44 m
Dispersion width (considering 450 dispersion) = 4.08 m
Width left unexcited by vertical load after dispersion = 0.86 m
Area of shaded portion = R2/2 [πθ/180 - Sin θ] θ = 2.44 m2
θ = 2 * ACOS (4.08/5.8) = 90.59 degree
Area under udl = p R2 - 2*R2/2 [πθ/180 - Sin θ] = 21.53 m2

Udl due to self wt of well cap = 3.60 t/m2

Udl due to loads from abutment = (DLP + LLR + DLB)*do/wabut/dispersed A = 18.66 t/m2
Udl due to backfill = 14.40 t/m2
Total udl on well cap w = 36.66 t/m2

Shear force is checked at distance "a" from the center of well a = 0.86 m
Shear force =w*pi*a^2/pi*a =w*a/2 = 15.76 t/m
 Shear due to moment 7

Maximum loading intensity due to triangular

4 2
distribution po = M*R/(pi*R /4) = 50.25 t/m
= 4*M/(pi*R 3)

Shear force /m run at a distance "a" from centre = S m = 3.20 t/m

2
Sm = p*a/4 = po*a /4R
where p = po*a/R & R = D/2 p

a
5.8 po

Total shear force = 18.97 t/m

2
Shear stress tv = 13.17 t/m
2
= 0.132 N/mm
Check for Shear
Shear to be carried by concrete :
Grade of conc. used 30 Mpa
d = 1.400 m
r = 0.280 %

Grade of steel 415

Dia of bar used 25 f
Q for concrete
170 t/m^2
grade used
j value for concrete 0.89
Permissible stress
20000 t/m^2
in steel

2
Allowable shear stress, 0.244 N/mm i.e. Therefore shear reinforcement is not required.
tc =