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03.direct Shear and Punching Shear Test

This document describes procedures for direct shear and punching shear tests on steel samples. The direct shear test measures the shear strength of a plain steel bar, while the punching shear test does the same for a steel plate. The tests are performed using a universal testing machine, shear jigs, and instruments to measure the samples. Calculations are shown to determine the direct shear stress of the steel bar and punching shear stress of the steel plate based on measured forces and sample dimensions.

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Khizar Sardar
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337 views4 pages

03.direct Shear and Punching Shear Test

This document describes procedures for direct shear and punching shear tests on steel samples. The direct shear test measures the shear strength of a plain steel bar, while the punching shear test does the same for a steel plate. The tests are performed using a universal testing machine, shear jigs, and instruments to measure the samples. Calculations are shown to determine the direct shear stress of the steel bar and punching shear stress of the steel plate based on measured forces and sample dimensions.

Uploaded by

Khizar Sardar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Direct and punching shear test

To perform Direct Shear Test on plain Steel Bar and Punching Shear
Test on Steel Plate

Objective

This test is used to determine the shear strength of steel samples.

Apparatus

 10 ton Buckton Universal Testing Machine


 Shear jigs
 Vernier caliper
 Screw gauge
 Steel bars
 Steel plate

Related Theory

• Shear Force

It is a force to slide two surfaces against each other.

• Shear Stress

It is the intensity of the internal force on a plane when the forces are acting parallel to the
section.

Forces parallel to the area resisting the force causing shearing stress.

Types of Shear Stresses:

• Direct Shear Stress


a. Single Shear Stress
b. Double Shear Stress
c. Punching Shear Stress
• Induced Shear Stress

Page 1
Direct and punching shear test

• Direct Shear Stress

If force applied is parallel to the area being sheared is called direct shear.

a. Single Shear Stress

Stress induced due to a force causing single area of the cross section to be sheared.

= =

b. Double Shear Stress

Stress induced due to a force causing two areas of cross section to be sheared.

= =

c. Punching Shear Stress

Stress induced due to a force causing one part to punch into the other.

= =
Where

D =

• Induced Shear stress

Page 2
Direct and punching shear test

Shearing stresses induced due to a force which acts an angle to an area being sheared.

Procedure
In this experiment, there are two samples steel bar and steel plate. Single shear test is applied
on steel bar and punching shear test is applied on steel plate. For this, first of all measure the
diameter of the steel bar and its cross sectional area of the bar and inside and outside diameter
of the jigs. Fix the sample in the shear jigs and place it between the two jaws of 10ton Buckton
universal testing machine. Then load is applied on the samples until the bar gets sheared and
this gives force that tries to punch the steel plate or slide the two parts of the steel bar. After
putting the values of forces which are obtained experimentally, we get the values of single
shear stress and punching shear stress for steel bar and steel plate respectively.

Comments
Load should be applied gradually and it shouldn’t be applied on edges. Direct shear stress help
us to predict the strength of material against shearing and punching shearing stress help us to
construct bridge like structures.

Observations and Calculations

Page 3
Direct and punching shear test

 For Steel Bar (single shear test)

D = 7.11mm

V direct = 1.06ton = 10563.66 N 1 ton = 9964.02 N

.
= = 266.06 MPa
.

= 266.06 MPa

 For Steel Plate (punching shear test)

Do = 13.9mm

Di = 14.1mm

T = 1.49mm

D= = 14mm

= = ----------- (i)
.

V punching = 1.43ton = 14250.97 N

Put in eq. (i)

.
= = 217.46 MPa
.

= 217.46 MPa

Page 4

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