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Silicon Controlled Rectifier

The document describes testing and operating a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) using an ohmmeter and circuit. Key points: 1) An SCR can be tested with an ohmmeter by placing the positive lead on the anode and negative on cathode, which should read high resistance. Placing the positive lead on the gate triggers the SCR to read low resistance. 2) A circuit is constructed to operate an SCR which conducts when the gate voltage is made positive with respect to the cathode, allowing current from cathode to anode. 3) Data tables show test readings with the ohmmeter and operating voltages with the circuit when switches are in different positions, demonstrating the SCR firing

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Trisha Camille Nerie
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723 views8 pages

Silicon Controlled Rectifier

The document describes testing and operating a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) using an ohmmeter and circuit. Key points: 1) An SCR can be tested with an ohmmeter by placing the positive lead on the anode and negative on cathode, which should read high resistance. Placing the positive lead on the gate triggers the SCR to read low resistance. 2) A circuit is constructed to operate an SCR which conducts when the gate voltage is made positive with respect to the cathode, allowing current from cathode to anode. 3) Data tables show test readings with the ohmmeter and operating voltages with the circuit when switches are in different positions, demonstrating the SCR firing

Uploaded by

Trisha Camille Nerie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SILICON CONTROLLED RECTIFIER

OBJECTIVE

After completing and performing the laboratory experiment, you will able to:

1. Demonstrate a practical go/no go method of testing an SCR with ohmmeter.


• Show the turn-on (fire) and turn-off (reset) methods for an SCR.
• Determine the electrical characteristics of a particular SCR.
• Define the various SCR parameters

INTRODUCTION

The PN junction from gate to cathode of an SCR can be tested with an ohmmeter similar
to a regular diode. However, testing from anode to gate will not indicate if an SCR is working
properly, because one of the PN junctions is always reverse biased. The SCR can be tested with
an ohmmeter by placing the positive lead on the anode and the negative lead on the cathode with
the gate left open. The meter should read high or infinite resistance. Placing a clip lead from the
anode or positive lead of the ohmmeter to the gate triggers the SCR and the meter should
indicate low resistance. When the clip lead is removed, the meter continues to indicate low
resistance if the power source is sufficient to produce the required holding current.

To conduct, the SCR must have its anode more positive than its cathode. When the gate
voltage is made more positive than its cathode, the SCR turns on or fires and current flows from
cathode to anode. When the gate voltage is again made equal to or more negative than the
cathode, current continues to flow through the SCR. The SCR is turned off or reset by reducing
the current through it below its holding current.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Figure 1: Circuit Diagram for testing a Silicon Controlled Rectifier using ohmmeter

Figure 2: Circuit Diagram for operation a Silicon Controlled Rectifier


MATERIALS NEEDED

1 Fixed + 12-V power supply

1 Standard or digital voltmeter

1 C106Y1 SCR or equivalent

1 100 Ω resistor at 0.5 W (R1)

1 10-k Ω resistor at 0.5 W (RG)

1 22-k Ω resistor at 0.5 W(RA)

2 DPST switches (S1 and S2)

1 Breadboard for constructing circuit

PROCEDURE

PART I: TESTING AN SCR WITH AN OHMMETER

1. Set the ohmmeter to the midrange scale.


2. Connect the ohmmeter to the SCR as shown in figure 1 and record the meter reading in
table 1.

PART II: OPERATION OF AN SCR

1. Construct the circuit shown in figure 2.


2. Set switches S1 and S2 as indicated and then apply power to the circuit.
3. In the first row of the data table 2, record the values of VG and VA.
4. Move S1 to position B and record the values of VG and VA in the second row of the data
table.
5. Move S1 to position A and record the values of VG and VA in the fourth row of the data
table.
6. Move S2 to position B and record the values of VG and VA in the fourth row of the data
table.
7. Move S2 to position A and record the values of VG and VA in the fourth row of the data
table.
DATA AND RESULTS

PART I: TESTING AN SCR WITH AN OHMMETER

Table 4.1: Ohmmeter Reading

Gate (G) Anode (A) Cathode (K) Reading (H or L)

None Positive Negative H

Positive Positive Negative H

None Negative Positive H

FILL-IN QUESTIONS

1. An SCR will have high resistance before being triggered.


2. An SCR will have low resistance after triggered.
3. The gate -to- cathode resistance of an SCR can be checked like a normal diode.
4. An SCR is being tested with an ohmmeter. When the clip lead on the gate is removed, the
meter indicates high resistance. This does not prove that the SCR is defective, but that the
power source of the meter is not sufficient to produce the necessary holding current
through the device.

PART II: OPERATION OF AN SCR

Table 4.2
S1 S2 VG VA Condition of SCR
Condition Condition (on or off)

A A 1.2 mV 11.996v Off


B A 823.486mV 10.384mV On
A A 1.2mV 12 V Off
A B 1.2mV 12 V Off
A A 1.2mV 12 V Off
FILL-IN QUESTIONS

1. Before firing, the voltage from anode to ground of the SCR is equal to voltage source.
2. When the gate is made more positive the SCR fires and IAK flows.
3. Once the SCR fires, the gate gains control and the current start to flow through the SCR.
4. When the SCR is conducting, the voltage from the anode to ground is equal to 10.384
mV.
5. The SCR can be turned off by reducing the current through it below its holding current.

SIMULATION FOR PART 1

Figure 3: Results for Testing an SCR with the use of ohmeter


SIMULATION FOR PART II

Figure 4: Switch 1 is in the position A and Switch 2 is in the position B

Figure 5: Switch 1 is in the position B and Switch 2 is in the position A


ANALYSIS

QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS


1. The letters SCR stand for silicon-controlled rectifier. Explain the use of the word rectifier
in the name.
➢ SCR is known as a rectifier if the anode is positive with respect to the cathode it
will be able to conduct with a positive gate trigger. The SCR is turned off when
the anode is negative with respect to the cathode. It is controlled by the rectifier
that is made of silicon. Controlled means it acts as a rectifier, it is mostly
conducted only in one direction but it can be turned on or off by its signal at the
gate.
2. What two things must happen to cause an SCR to fire?
➢ First is you have to keep the gate open and make sure that the supply voltage is
equal to its breakdown voltage. Second is you have to operate the SCR with less
voltage than its breakover voltage then you have to turn it on by using only small
voltages that is applied to the gate
3. What is the difference between triggering gate current and holding current?
➢ Gate Current or also known as Latching Current of forward biased SCR is the
minimum current wherein anode current should attain, to continue, to remain
forward conduction mode even if the gate current is removed. Holding Current or
also known as Thyrsistor is at the minimum value of current below wherein the
anode current must fall to come in OFF state.
4. How much voltage across the anode-cathode terminals of a medium-power SCR after it
has fired?
➢ “Forward on” voltage, 2n5060 is 1.7V.
5. How can an SCR be made to conduct?
➢ By the Thyrsistor it is made to conduct gate pulse. When its main anode and
cathode then its terminals are forward biased. It has no effect if the device is in
reverse biased.
6. How can an SCR be turned off?
➢ The simplest way to turn off a SCR is when you open the line switch. If you also
turn off the Thyrsistor the current between its anode and cathode will reduce its
current value and it may be able to be reverse biased.

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