Training and development

All of the following are the most frequently used training techniques EXCEPT:

A)computer-based games and simulations.

B)instructor-led classrooms.

C)workgroups and manuals.

D)role plays.

A)computer-based games and simulations.

page 234

In this variation of the lecture method, two or more speakers present information and ask question.

A)Standard lecture

B)Panels

C)Student presentations.

D)Team teaching

B)Panels

Page: 236 (Table 7.1)

The following are all advantages of using videos as a component of training EXCEPT:

A)trainers can review, slow down, or speed up the lesson.

B)trainers can watch the video multiple times if they have access to it during and after the training
session.

C)trainees are provided with consistent instruction.

D)the dramatic theme of the video enhances the important learning points.

D)the dramatic theme of the video enhances the important learning points.

page 238

This is an attractive training method because compared to others; it needs less investment in time or
money for materials, trainer's salary, or instructional design.

A)Apprenticeship

B)Self-directed learning

C)On-the-job training

D)Simulation

C)On-the-job training

page 239

The major advantage of apprenticeship programs is that learners can _____ while they learn.

A)gain experience

B)earn pay

C)share knowledge

D)train juniors

B)earn pay

page 242

In case studies, trainees are required to analyze and critique the actions taken, indicating the
appropriate actions and suggesting what might have been done differently.
A)True

B)False

A)True

page 245

Meaningfulness of business games are enhanced if they are imaginative.

A)True

B)False

B)False

page 247

Vicarious reinforcement occurs when a trainee sees a model being reinforced for using certain behaviors

A)True

B)False

A)True

page 248

Trust falls require each trainee to stand on a platform five to six feet above the ground and fall backward
into the arms of fellow group members.

A)True

B)False

A)True
page 253

Team training usually involves singular methods.

A)True

B)False

B)False

7.1 _____ learning focuses on well-defined competencies typically trained via lecture and online
methods.

a. Guided competency

b. Social competency learning

c. Guided contextual learning

d. Social contextual learning

7.2. _____ focuses on context dependent knowledge and skills learned via social media and informal
interactions through others.

a. Guided competency

b. Social competency learning

c. Guided contextual learningd.

d. Social contextual learning

7.3. _____ is an example of a context-based learning method that is guided by companies.

a. Lecture

b. Mentoring

c. Coachingd.

d. simulation

7.4. Which of the following is a presentation method of training?

a. On-the-job training

b. Lecture

c. Simulation

d. Case study

7.5. Lecture as a presentation method _____.

a. emphasizes active trainee involvement and feedback

b. is an expensive and time-consuming way to communicate information

c. can be easily employed with large groups of trainees

d. allows for strong connection to the work environment and easy transfer of training

7.6. Which of the following requires the least amount of participation from trainees?

a. Apprenticeship

b. Case study

c. Simulation

d. Audiovisual instruction

7.7. Which of the following statements is most true of on-the-job training (OJT)?

a. It is formal because it should be planned.

b. OJT cannot be used for training newly hired employees.

c. Skills learned through OJT are easily transferred to the job.

d. OJT results in higher audiovisual costs.

7.8. Which of the following methods allows employees to take responsibility for all aspects of learning,
including when it is conducted and who will be involved in it?

a. Self-directed learning

b. Adult learning

c. Apprenticeship

d. Informal learning

7.9. Development of effective self-directed learning typically begins with _____.

a. writing trainee-centered learning objectives directly related to the tasks

b. conducting a job analysis to identify the tasks that must be covered

c. developing content for the learning package

d. developing an evaluation package

7.10. Which of the following training methods involve assisting a certified tradesperson at awork site?

a. Apprenticeships

b. Simulation

c. Business games

d. Role plays

7.11. A case study _____

.a. is a training method that replicates the physical equipment

b. is a description about how employees or an organization dealt with a difficult situation

c. involves assisting a certified tradesperson

d. involves observing peers performing a case and then trying to imitate their behavior

7.12. Which of the following is not characteristic of case studies?

a. They often depict realistic situations

b. They allow trainees to analyze situations and make recommendations

c. They allow trainees to act out skills

d. Trainees’ recommendations are hypothetical

7.13. Which of the following statements is true of business games?

a. Business games are non-competitive.

b. Trainees know for certain the consequences of their actions

.c. There are no limitations for participant behavior in business games

.d. Several alternative courses of action are available to trainees.

7.14. _____ is based on the principles of social learning theory

.a. Behavior modification

b. Simulation

c. Behavior modeling

d. Social media learning

7.15. Vicarious reinforcement is most relevant to _____.

a. simulations

b. behavior modeling

c. case studies

d. lectures

7.16. Which of the following is the first stage of an experiential learning training program?

a. Take part in a behavioral simulation

b. Analyze the activity

c. Gain conceptual knowledge and theory

d. Connect the theory and activity with on-the-job or real-life situations

7.17. _____ refers to the training that a team manager receives that focuses on ways to resolve conflict
within the team.

a. Guided team self-correction

b. Scenario-based training

c. Team leader training

d. Cross training

7.18. _____ best prepares team members to step in and take the place of a member who may
temporarily leave the team.

a. Guided team self-correction

b. Cross training

c. Coordination training

d. Temporary team training

7.19. _____ involves training teams how to share information and make decisions.

a. Cross training

b. Team sharing training

c. Coordination training

d. Guided team self-correction

7.20. _____ is a group building method that may include customers and addresses problems such as
how to change the business and develop global leaders.a. Action learningb. Adventure learningc. Cross
trainingd. Guided team self-correction

7.21. Six Sigma and Kaizen, black belt training programs, involve principles of _____

.a. adventure learning

b. action learning

c. vicarious reinforcementd. social learning theory

7.22. Which of the following training methods is best suited for attitudinal learning outcomes?

a. On-the-job training

b. Self-directed learning

c. Apprenticeship

d. Role play

7.23. The first and the most important step in choosing a training method is to identify the _____.

a. cost

b. type of learning outcome

c. effectiveness

d. time required to complete training

7.24. Which of the following statements is true?

a. There is considerable overlap between learning outcomes across the training methods.

b. Group building methods focus solely on team learning and not on individual learning.

c. Presentation methods lead to better transfer than hands-on methods.

d. Companies that have a larger budget should choose a presentation method overa hands-on method

Organisations develop through training and development which bring benefits to employees as well as
the organisations. Which of the following would not be regarded as a common feature that would result
from training in today's modern workplace?

Correct Answer:

Same job for life

Training needs analysis can take place at organisational, task, and person levels. At the organisational
level, it broadly examines what are the organisation's strategic plans and where is training and
development needed to fit into the planning. Organisational training needs generally occur when:

Correct Answer:

there is some kind of barrier hindering the achievement of organisational aims and objectives which is
best removed by training.

The first phase of a training programme is a training needs analysis. What does this aim to do?

Correct Answer:

Identify the training objectives

In his contribution to understanding learning and learning outcomes, Gagne produced six types of
learning related to human performance which he called capabilities, but which of the following is
correct?

Correct AnsweR

All of the below

There is no one theory of learning that can be applied to any training programme. The social learning
theory has been used successfully in many settings and can be broken down into component parts
involving observation, practise, and feedback. Bandura found that various factors also enhanced training
such as:

Correct Answer:

all of the below.

Anderson's theory of skill development distinguishes between declarative and procedural knowledge.
Procedural knowledge refers to knowing how to do something, but what is declarative knowledge?

Correct Answer:

Factual knowledge about a task

One of the major changes in recent years has been the advance of technology and this is evident in
training. A CIPD (2008) survey reported nearly 60% of surveyed organisations were already using e-
learning which could be described as learning supported by the use of computing technology. The
survey also found:

Correct Answer:

it is most often used to complement other forms of learning and development.

Evaluation forms the final stage of the training programme and various models of evaluation have been
produced to meet this aspect. Whose model has the four levels of Reaction, Learning, Behaviour, and
Results?

Your Answer:

Kirkpatrick

When evaluating interventions, organisations often resort to the lowest level of Kirkpatrick’s model and
only gather reaction level data. However, reaction level data can be improved by asking trainees:

Correct Answer:

how difficult and useful they found the training.

Transfer of learning to the workplace needs to be made for the training programme to have been
successful. Which of the following can hinder this process?

Correct Answer:

All of the below

 In an economic downturn, training budgets are likely to be cut and the case for training needs to be
strongly made. Recent research by Anderson (2007) has confirmed previous findings that relatively few
organisations perform thorough evaluations. Why could this be?

Correct Answer:

Managers do not want to be associated with a training programme that could be assessed as a waste of
resources

The concept of communities of practice (CoP) has grown in the past decade and can evolve formally or
informally using communication and information technology. What is an appropriate description of a
CoP?

Your Answer:

Groups of people who interact regularly on issues important to them and share best practice for their
mutual benefi

1-The following is (are) the benefit(s) of training.

(A) Increased productivity

(B) Reduced accidents

(C) Reduced supervision

(D) All of the above

(Ans: D)
2-The following training aims to provide broad training to enable the trainee to take up a wide variety of
tasks within his field of specialisation

(A) Demonstration

(B) On-the-job training

(C) Apprenticeship

(D) All of the above

(Ans: C)

3-Demonstration type of training method is used to train

(A) Workers

(B) Supervision

(C) Managers

(D) All of the above

(Ans: A)
4-The following is not a part of lower level management

(A) Worker

(B) Foreman

(C) Supervisor

(D) Inspector

(Ans: A)

5-A homogenous group of ____ men from the plant constitutes an ideal conference group

(A) 8-10

(B) 12-15

(C) 18-20
(D) 22-25

(Ans: B)

6-The following method is used to give to trainees the important information in permanent form for
immediate of future use

(A) Lecture methods

(B) Conference

(C) Written instructional method

(D) Training within the industry (TWI)

(Ans: C)

7-Training within the industry (TWI) scheme imparts training in

(A) Job instructions

(B) Job rotation

(C) Job method

(D) All of the above

(Ans: D)

8-The following is not a on the job training method

(A) Understudies

(B) Job rotation

(C) Management by objectives (MBO)

(D) Case study method

(Ans: D)
9-The following is vertical expansion of the job

(A) Job rotation

(B) Job enrichment

(C) Management by objectives (MBO)

(D) All of the above

(Ans: B)

10-_____ is widely used for human relations and leadership training

(A) Business games

(B) Role playing

(C) Case study method

(D) Job rotation

(Ans: B)

11-Personnel management of an organisation specifically deals with human resources in respect of

(A) Their procurement

(B) Develop their skills, knowledge and attitude

(C) Their motivation towards the attainment of organisational objectives

(D) All of the above

(Ans: D)

12-Personnel management is a

(A) Point of view

(B) Technique of thinking

(C) Philosophy of management

(D) All of the above

(Ans: D