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Washing of The Filter Cake: Unit Operation

This document discusses various methods of washing filter cakes and calculating washing rates and total cycle times for filtration equipment. It provides equations to calculate washing rates for simple washing, through washing in plate and frame filters, and optimal cycle times. The washing rate in plate and frame filters is predicted to be 1/4 of the final filtration rate. Total cycle time equals filtration time plus washing time plus cleaning time. Filtration equipment is also classified based on the pressure used, including equipment operating above atmospheric pressure, at atmospheric pressure, or using vacuum pressure on the downstream side.

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311 views4 pages

Washing of The Filter Cake: Unit Operation

This document discusses various methods of washing filter cakes and calculating washing rates and total cycle times for filtration equipment. It provides equations to calculate washing rates for simple washing, through washing in plate and frame filters, and optimal cycle times. The washing rate in plate and frame filters is predicted to be 1/4 of the final filtration rate. Total cycle time equals filtration time plus washing time plus cleaning time. Filtration equipment is also classified based on the pressure used, including equipment operating above atmospheric pressure, at atmospheric pressure, or using vacuum pressure on the downstream side.

Uploaded by

abdulqadir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit OperatiOn

Washing of the filter cake


Two methods of washing can be employed :
i) Simple washing :
The wash liq. is fed in through the same channel as the slurry
but , as it velocity near the point of entry is high , erosion of the
cake takes place .
Rate of washing = Rate of filtration
(∆ )
= = ( )

ii) Through washing :


The wash water is introduced through a separate channel
behind the filter cloth on alternate plates , known as washing
plates , for example plate and frame filter were the washing
liq. pass through the cake twice the thickness and the area
only half as large as in the filtration therefore rate of washing
is (1/4) rate of filtration .
Equations for washing of filter cakes and total cycle time :
In filters where the wash liq. follow the flow path , similar to
that during filtration as in the leaf filters , the final filtering
rate gives the predicted washing rate . For const. press.
filtration using the same press. in washing as in filtering , the
final filtering rate is the reciprocal

Where :
Lecturer . Shymaa Ali Hameed 2013-2014
Unit OperatiOn

: rate of washing in (m3/s) .

: total vol. of filtrate for the entire period of the end of


filtration (m3) .
For plate and frame filter presses , in the wash liq. travels
through a cake twice as the thick and an area only half as
large as in filtering , so the predicted washing rate is ( 1/4) of
the final filtration rate :

= .

Washing rate in a small plate and frame filter were found to


be ( 70-92%) of that predicted . After washing is completed ,
additional time is needed to remove the cake clean the filter ,
and reassemble the filter . The total filter cycle time is the
sum of filtration time , plus the washing time , plus the
cleaning time .
(∆ )
= = ( )

Optimum time cycle ( plate & frame )


The optimum thickness of cake to be formed in a filter press.
depends on the resistance offered by the filter cake and on the
time taken to disnatle and refit the press. for a filtration carried
out at const. press.

= (∆ )
+ (∆ )
or = (∆ )
+ (∆ )

= +

Where :

Lecturer . Shymaa Ali Hameed 2013-2014


Unit OperatiOn
B1 & B2 are const.
Thus the time of filtration ( t ) is given by :
= + =

Time required of one complete cycle (tc)


tc = tf + ( time of dismautle )+( time of assemble) + (time of
removed of each from ) + ( time of washing )
overall rate of filtration
.
=

= = =

W is max. when = zero

Differentiating w with respect to V and equating to zero



+ + − (2 + )=0 , =

∴ = ⁄

If the resistance of the filter medium is neglected


=

Classification of filtration Equipment


1- Filters operate with press. above atmospheric on the up-
stream side of the filter medium .
2- Filter operate with atmospheric press. on the upstream .
3- Filters operate with vacuum on the downstream .

Lecturer . Shymaa Ali Hameed 2013-2014


Unit OperatiOn

Filtration

press. vacumm Atmosheric

continuos
Batch press. filter ( Batch continuos gravity
Thickener)

filter press.( Rotary disk


leaf filter leaf suck Rotary drum bed filter
plate & flam) filter drum

Lecturer . Shymaa Ali Hameed 2013-2014

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