The document covers countable and uncountable nouns, prepositions of place, and reported speech. It provides examples of how to use countable and uncountable nouns with quantifiers like many, few, much, and a little. It also gives examples of common prepositions used to describe locations like in, on, behind, and next to. Finally, it discusses how to report what someone said by changing present tense verbs to past tense and using tell or say depending on whether the person spoken to is named.
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Countable and Uncountable Nouns: Unit 4
The document covers countable and uncountable nouns, prepositions of place, and reported speech. It provides examples of how to use countable and uncountable nouns with quantifiers like many, few, much, and a little. It also gives examples of common prepositions used to describe locations like in, on, behind, and next to. Finally, it discusses how to report what someone said by changing present tense verbs to past tense and using tell or say depending on whether the person spoken to is named.
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UNIT 4: Countable and uncountable nouns
Countable nouns Countable nouns can be singular or plural.
How many songs can you play on your guitar? Uncountable nouns are always singular. I know a lot of / some / a few songs. • Did you buy one ticket or two tickets? I don’t know many / any songs. • All their music is very unusual. There were too many people there. We can use many and a few before Uncountable nouns countable nouns and much and a little before How much rock music do you have? uncountable nouns. We can use a lot of, I have a lot of / some / a little rock music. some, (not) any, before either. I don’t have much / any pop music. You have too much pop music. • He doesn’t have many / a lot of friends. • He doesn’t have much / a lot of money.
UNIT 5: Prepositions of place
I live in a small house. We can use prepositions to describe the
The living room is at the top of the stairs. location of things. The door is at the bottom of the stairs. • There is a picture on the wall. There is a large blue rug on the floor. • Your coat is in the closet. It has a red border around it. • There is a lamp next to the sofa. There is a bookshelf on the left / on the right. A table is to the left of / to the right of the sofa. Some prepositions have opposites. There is a TV in front of the sofa. • The plant is to the left of the table. There is a window behind the sofa. • The table is to the right of the plant. There is a garage next to my house. I park my car inside the garage. • The table is in front of the sofa. There are some trees between my house and • The sofa is behind the table. my neighbor’s house.
UNIT 6: Reported speech
“I need help.” When we use tell, we name the person that is
I said (that) I needed help. spoken to. With say, we do not. I told him (that) I needed help. • He told me (that) he was sorry. “Stop.” • He said (that) he was sorry. I told him to stop. We use tell someone to when we want to “Don’t continue.” report orders or advice. I told him not to continue. • She told me to be quiet. “I want an ice cream.” He told her not to worry. She said (that) she wanted an ice cream. Present tense verbs often change to a past “I don’t understand.” tense form in reported speech. He said (that) he didn’t understand. • “I believe in you.” He said that he believed in me.
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