INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ECONOMICS, FINANCE AND

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

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COMPETITION BETWEEN ROME AND CARTHAGE

* Kholmurodov Otabek Murod ugli
* Master student at the faculty of history the National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulughbek, Uzbekistan
E-mail: xolmurodov_o@umail.uz

ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFO

This article explores the theoretical foundations of Article history:

competition between Rome and Carthage. Based on the Received 08 January 2020
results of the analysis, proposals and recommendations Received in revised form 13 January 2020
aimed at increasing both Carthage and Rome pursued Accepted 20 January 2020
aggressive foreign policy.
Keywords:
Rome, competition, Carthage, foreign
Click here and insert your abstract text. policy.
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1. Introduction

Carthage, a longtime dominant Mediterranean by the middle of the third century BC and the newly formed Roman slave
confederation, was one of the strongest states on earth (1, p.7). Both Carthage and Rome pursued aggressive foreign policy.
Their slavery economy required this, because military expansion was a prerequisite for economic development. Each of these
countries tried to become a hegemon in the Mediterranean. Conflicts between these two countries in the middle of the third
century BCE led to the outbreak of the first Puni war (the Romans called the Carthaginians puns) (2, p.8)
In the ancient world, the destination was Sicily. Not only the Peloponnesian War, but also the region that caused the Puni
wars, Sicily. Sicily is considered the hottest point in the ancient world. Because Sicily played an important role in achieving
the most important trade and economic, but geopolitical goals of its time. Carthage was a colony of the great city of Tire,
founded in the ninth century BC in Phenicia. By the middle of the fifth century BC Carthage was the center of a vast state.
This country includes parts of the North African coast (the Tunisian Gulf), western Sicily, Malta, Sardinia, Corsica, Pitius,
and Balearic Islands. Carthage is a very large city and very comfortable. It was built on a small peninsula on the northwestern
coast of Africa (northwest of present-day Tunisia). His presence allowed Carthaginians to control the main road. The port,
which has two external (commercial) and internal (military) cavities, is Carthage's pride (3, p.20).
By the third century BC, Carthage was a little weaker. In the past, Carthage's suburbs sought independence. Rome, which
is now gaining momentum, began to fight against Carthage to strengthen its position in the Mediterranean, taking advantage
of the weakening of Carthage. It was later known as Puniurushi. The Romans called Carthage Puni. Latin name of Puni
Phoenix. The first Puni war began with the struggle between Rome and Carthage for the rich island of Sicily. The eastern
part of Sicily belonged to the Syracuse kingdom and the western part to Carthage. After the death of King Agafokl of

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ISSN (electronic): 2620-6269/ ISSN (printed): 2615-4021 . Hosting by Research Parks All rights reserved.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ECONOMICS, FINANCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ISSN (electronic): 2620-6269/ ISSN (printed): 2615-4021 11

Syracuse, campaign mercenaries invaded Messana in northeast Sicily. This led to the outbreak of war. Syracuse's new king,
Gieron II, surrounded Messana and launched a campaign against mercenaries. Some of the hired soldiers turned to Carthage
and some to Rome. Both sides are preparing for the capture of Sicily. The Romans invaded Messana and declared war on
Carthage. This war began in 264 BC and lasted 23 years (4, p.8).
In Cicilia, both Carthage and Rome had their fortified destinations. Competition has led to wars that have shaken the
ancient world.
"The Romans thought Carthage was a spear that hit the heart of their empire and therefore wanted to eliminate it." – (Jean
MacIntosh Turfa, Ph.D. University of Pennsylvania muse. 8-flxzJ_SwM)
The war between them has been named in the history of the Puni wars. This is how the Latin people called the Phoenicians
in Latin. The outcome of the war changed history. Carthage mobilized one of the greatest military commanders of all time
(6, p.36). “At the beginning of the third century BC, the Greek city appealed to the Roman Republic, asking for assistance in
the suppression of robbery. Two cities on the island of Sicily were added soon. One of them was originally asked for help
from Carthage, but then turned to Rome. Because he was close and confident. Syracuse fought Messana and Rome at the
same time. After a battle, he surrendered. Rome had conquered the southern part of Italy and eastern Sicily for several
decades. This angered Carthage. This is how the first Puni war broke out. The result is not only Sicily, but the humor of the
southern Mediterranean. ”(JeanMacIntoshTurfa, Ph.D. University of Pennsylvania musem.Kak sozdavalis 'imperii)
In 264 BC, the first Puni war between Rome and Carthage began. 17 years have passed, but the bloody conflicts between
empires have continued. The turning point in the war took place when the brave and skillful commander of the Carthage
army was appointed commander of the Barka (270-228 BC) (8, p.18).
“Gamilkar was the first great commander of the Carthage Empire. It would be better to do what and how to do it ”(9)
"Between 247 and 422 BC, the commander conquered the island of Sicily. He was mobile, strong, and cruel. The only
thing he could rely on was the Quinkerema warships. Quinn means five. Five Riders. Quincerema was invented by the Greeks,
not Carthaginians. But it was the Carthaginians who took the naval battles to a new level. ” The Quincerema had five rows
of rowers. It is not 100% accurate, but it is known that three out of five people. Two people are in the upper two rows and
one is in the lower row. In general, this is an improved version of the Greek "trim". The same was true of fighting. The main
task of such ships was to scour the enemy ships (10, p.28).
Ships with a bronze coating and a tarantula were very mobile and were able to sail quickly. “They swim very fast. It was
not easy to catch the Carthage Navy. ”- Stephen G. Chrissanthos, Ph.D. University of California, Riverside.
The length of the Quinkerema is 35 meters and the width is 2 - 2.5 meters. It has 420 sailors. The weight of a fully-
equipped ship reached 100 tons. In the open sea, they have become "death machines.".

2. Conclusion

In summary, “Such ships can sail at high speed. The blow and the hull of your ship are perforated. The ship began to sink.
If we remember how the "trireme" acted, they first inflicted damage on the enemy ship and then fought it for a long time.
And the Carthaginians didn't spend much time there. They came and swam. Your ship is sunk in the water. They are headed
for the next ship. ”(Ross Leckie. Author. Hannibal.).

REFERENCES

 Mashkin N. A. The Carthaginian Power before the Punic Wars // Bulletin of Ancient History. 1948. No. 4, p. 7
 Dridi Edie. Carthage and the Punic World / Transl. N. Ozersky. - M., 2008, p. 8
 Dridi Edie. Carthage and the Punic World / Transl. N. Ozersky. - M., 2008, p. 20
 Revyako K. A. Punic wars. - Minsk: Universitetskoye, 1988, p. 8
 B.-H. Carthage. - L., 1960, p. 36
 Revyako K. A. Punic wars. - Minsk: Universitetskoye, 1988, p. 18

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Peer review under responsibility of Emil Kaburuan.
ISSN (electronic): 2620-6269/ ISSN (printed): 2615-4021 . Hosting by Research Parks All rights reserved.