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Punic Wars

Carthage was founded in 814 BCE by Phoenicians as a colony and grew to become a naval power and economic rival to Rome. This led to three Punic Wars between Carthage and Rome between 264-146 BCE. In the first war, Rome defeated Carthage and took control of Sicily. The second war saw Hannibal invade Italy by crossing the Alps but was eventually defeated at Zama in Africa. After the third war, Rome destroyed Carthage in 146 BCE and established the region as a Roman province.

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Tomáš Škapura
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10 views9 pages

Punic Wars

Carthage was founded in 814 BCE by Phoenicians as a colony and grew to become a naval power and economic rival to Rome. This led to three Punic Wars between Carthage and Rome between 264-146 BCE. In the first war, Rome defeated Carthage and took control of Sicily. The second war saw Hannibal invade Italy by crossing the Alps but was eventually defeated at Zama in Africa. After the third war, Rome destroyed Carthage in 146 BCE and established the region as a Roman province.

Uploaded by

Tomáš Škapura
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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814 BCE establishment of Carthage

– Phoenician colony

Greeks – Foinikes, Romans – Punes

Navy power, government oligarchy,

Carthage
mercenary army + strong navy

Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia

The strongest rival to Rome in the


Mediterranean
Punic war I (264-241 BCE)  Conflict over Sicily
 Fight at the sea and land →
building of Roman navy
 Roman's victory
 241 BCE Carthaginians left Sicily
 Provinces – Sardinia, Corsica
Punic war II (218-201) BCE
Punic War II
 Carthage took over Hispania (silver, copper)
 Border line between Rome and Carthage - the Ebro river
 Hannibal – Carthaginian commander-in-chief in Hispania
 attack - Saguntum (Roman allied city ) – war with Rome
 Hannibal: crossing the Alps →
 attacked Italy from the north.
 216 BCE Cannae – Romans defeated
 "Hannibal ante portas" Hannibal is at the gate.
 (couldn’t conquer Rome) → gradual decline of the army
 Counterattack of Rome:
 Roman navy - Hispania and Africa (204 BCE.
P. C. Scipio) → led Roman army
 The end of Carthaginians in Hispania
 202 BCE Zama – Carthaginians defeated in Africa
 Harsh Peace conditions:
Ø Territorial gains for Rome: Hispania
Ø The loss of navy, pay war reparations
 ( the end of Carthage in the Mediterranean )
Punic war III (149-146) BCE

 Destruction of Carthage
 A new Roman province - Africa
Carthage today

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