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M of cadastre modernization

Nikola VUČIĆ &

Damir ŠANTEK,
Croatia
 LAND ADMINISTRATION
IN CROATIA
• Two registers CADASTRE & LAND REGISTRY
• 112 cadastral offices + Cadastre office of City of Zagreb
• 107 land registry offices
• The responsible public authority institutions are the State Geodetic
Administration (for the cadastre) and municipal courts (for land
registry).
PRODUCT COMPARISON

Mobile phone
Average usage time: 3-5 years
New models: every year

Car
Average usage time: 7-20 years
New models: every few years

Digital
 PRODUCT COMPARISON
Source: https://geoportal.dgu.hr/

Source: Vučić,2016: Identification of cadastral parcels: Symposium of Croatian chartered geodetic

engineers, Opatija
Cadastral map in Croatia
Average usage time: 100-200 years
New models: very rarely
A facelift is more common than making new maps
or new models
 NEW CADASTRAL SURVEYS
IN CROATIA
• New cadastral surveys aimed at establishing the real property
cadastre
• Cadastral surveys are undertaken to put real property cadastral
documentation in use and establish completely new land registry.
Following a cadastral survey, land registry and cadastral data are
harmonized 100% on the level of the entire cadastral municipality or
a part of it.
 NEW CADASTRAL SURVEYS
IN CROATIA
• renewed cadastre and land registry positively affect the socio-
economic development of local communities in several aspects:
• improve the financial situation of local communities' budgets,
• raise the quality of living in local communities by making them more
attractive for living and doing business,
• reduce the number of lawsuits,
• beneficial effect on the state budget, and create a qualify basis for
local communities' spatial planning.
 CADASTRAL SYSTEM

• Croatian cadastral system is based on the Germanic model of cadastre

primarily because of its Austro-Hungarian heritage. Croatian cadastral
system is similar to those in Austria and Germany.
• Formation of the land cadastre in Croatia region under Austria-
Hungary began with proclamation of the Imperial Patent
(Grundsteuerpatent) on December 23, 1817, ordering surveys, land
classification, and preparation of the cadastral record in all lands of
the Empire.
• For 70 % of teritory old Austro-Hungarian cadastral maps are still in
official use
Historical background

Old cadastral map (cadastral municipality Viduševac)

 CADASTRAL SYSTEM

• After WW1 Kingdom of Yugoslavia introduces the Gauss-Krüger

projection with maps prepared in scales 1:500, 1:1000, 1:2000, and
1:2500.
• Technical purpose of the cadastral system during the Socialist
Republic of Croatia (1945. – 1991) demanded preparation of the
topographical and cadastral maps and introduction of the new real
world features
 Historical background

• From 1953 – 1980:

• intensive implementation of administrative reviews of land cadastre
data;
• rare and less successfully implemented technical reambulations of
existing cadastral surveys;
• renewal of graphical cadastral survey using numerical measurement
methods (tachymetry and orthogonal);
• aerial photogrammetric surveys starting from the late 1960s;
• carrying out land consolidation 1956-1980.
Historical background

Digital cadastral map from 1978 (cadastral

municipality Glina) – vectorised 2006
 LAND REGISTRY SYSTEM

• Imperial order was issued in 1850 initiating formation of land registry

in the Kingdoms of Hungary, Croatia, and Slavonia. Key legislations in
this 160-year period are “Gruntovni red”(land registry law) from
December 15th, 1855, Law on Interior Design, Formation and
Correction of Land registry from 1930,
• Land Registry Law from 1996. with few changes and amendments
(from 1996 to 2017)
 JOINT INFORMATION SYSTEM OF LAND REGISTRY AND CADASTRE

www.katastar.hr
https://oss.uredjenazemlja.hr/public/index.jsp
http://geoportal.dgu.hr/

Digital Archive (MoJ, SGA)

LAND
REGISTRY RPJ

JIS
OIB
Database of digital
cadastral map CADASTRE
E-Građani
E-Citizens

CAD 1 CAD 2 ZG CAD

LR
112 a/n database SGA + ZAGREB CADASTRE 107 database of Land Registry
 FUNCTIONAL CONNECTION OF LAND REGISTRY AND CADASTRES

• The JIS is a unique system which will replace the current different
databases, cadastral data models, and associated applications in the
cadastral offices of the State Geodetic Administration, as well as the land
register databases and applications in the offices of the municipal courts.
• The SGA (and City of Zagreb) implemented the JIS in all cadastral offices in
Croatia by November 2016.
• JIS provides support for the implementation of all regulated business
processes and tasks, as well as transparent monitoring and data reporting
from the cadastre and land registers. This system has special values in its
administration and functionalities, and is hosted in a highly secure
environment.
Cadastral municipality Malinska (Islan of Krk) – old
cadastral Austro-hungarian map
Cadastral municipality Malinska (Islan of Krk) – old
cadastral Austro-hungarian map - DETAIL
Cadastral municipality: Malinska – new cadastral map
Cadastral municipality: Malinska
-overlap of the new digital cadastral map with the old cadastral map
 NEW CADASTRAL SURVEYS IN 21st CENTURY (Status: 24 November 2017)

• 189 cadastral municipalities have been put in use;

• 38 cadastral municipalities are in the process of cadastral survey
being carried out;
• 12 cadastral municipalities are in the process of geodetic reports
being reviewed;
• 90 cadastral municipalities have been reviewed and are in the process
of waiting for public display;
• 79 cadastral municipalities are in the process of public display being
carried out.
• The total area covered by the cadastral surveys aimed at creating
the real property cadastre is 378.707 hectares.
Historical background

Digital
PROBLEMS

Number of cadastral
municipalities which are
waiting for public
display

Problem is long period of waiting to public display

results of new cadstral survey to owners
 CONCLUSION
• From the financial point of view, cadastral surveys are demanding projects.
• However, investing into new, geodetically accurate and legally safe
cadastral and land registry records means making a pledge for the future of
any surveyed area.
• The age of the existing records, mainly resulting from a lack of systematic
maintenance for over two centuries, requires new, modern ones to be
produced. Another important reason for the records being out-of-date is
the 45 years of communism, when the land registration system was largely
ignored, from both public institutions and the very owners, who failed to
register changes on land for various reasons (complicated regulations on
social ownership, high real property transaction taxes etc.).
 CONCLUSION
• One particularly pronounced problem is the 271 cadastral municipalities
where new cadastral documentation based on surveys carried out after the
Second World War, but prior to 2000, was put in official use without
renewing the land registers
• As these 271 cadastral municipalities are located in bigger Croatian cities
(Zagreb, Rijeka, Split, Dubrovnik etc.), allocating funds for carrying out new
cadastral survey or their harmonisation with new municipal cadastral
documentation should be a priority.
• Goal of the new cadastral surveys is to develop the real property cadastre
and make a new land book.
• This cadastre contributes to legal security in real property transactions,
simplifies property registration and renewal of land registry AND ALSO HAD
A GOOD IMPACT IN VARIOUS ASPECTS OF HUMANS LIFE.
 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
nikola.vucic@dgu.hr
Source: https://www.zagreb360.hr/

Source: https://www.radio-banovina.hr/zimska-idila-glini/