3 a 3 a 3n 3 a 3 a 3 a 3 a 3

SECTION 3
READING COMPREHENSION
Time-55 minutes
(including the reading of the directions)
Now set your clock for 55 minutes.

This sr:ction is designed to measure lour abilitv to read and understand short passages similar in topic
ar-rd stvle to lhose that students are likelv to encounter in North Amer-ican universities and colleges.
This section contains readine passages and qtrestions about the passages.

Directions: In this section r.'otr uill reacl sevelal passages. Each one is follou'ed b1'a number of
qii"rri"ot it. You are to choose the one best ansiver, (A), (B), (C), or (D), to each question. Then,
"bout
on voLlr ans\\rer shect, find thc number of the question and fill in the space that con-esponds to the
lelter of the' ansu'er vou havc chosen.
Ansu'er :rll questions about the information in a passage on the basis of u'hat is stated or implied
in that passzrgc.

Re:rd the f ollorving pass,rgc:

John Quincv Adzrms, u'ho sen'ed as the sixth president of the United States l'rom 1825 to
1829, is lodav recognized for his masterful statesmanship and diplomacl'. He dedicated his life tcr
public service, both in the presidencl'and in the various other political offices that he held.
llrre Thror.rghotrt his political career he demonstrated his unsn,erving beiief in lleedom of speech, the
(5) anlislavern cause', ancl the right ol Americans to be free lrom European and Asian domination.

Example I Sample Answer

@
To u,hat did John Quincr,'Adarns devote his life?
(A) Improving his personal lil'e
o
(B) Se'rring the public
@
(C) lncrcasing his fortune @
(D) Working on his private business

According to tirc p:rss:rgc, John Qr-rincv Adams "dedicated his life to public sen'ice." Therefore,
"'ou
should choose :rnsu,cr (B).

Example II Sample Answer

\11/
In lirrc'4, the rlorcl "rrnsn'en'ing" is closest in meaning to
@
(A) moveable
(B) insignificant a
{C) rrrrchirn.in!,. @
( D ) dipl,
'lturt ie
Tlre passage states th:rt John Quincv Adams demonstrated his unsu'erving belief "throughout his
carecr." Tlris irnplies that the belief did not change. Therelbre, vou should choose ansu,er (C).

TOEIL tcst iiir'cctir;rts rlrLl 1or lral rI r'epr il]lrd b\ p.r\lrissirill

{)l ETS, thr coprr'ight ()\\ucr H(,\\r'\(l; all eranrplcs and tcst
258 COMPLETE TEST ONE-INTRODUCTORY LEVEL quesli()ns alc prrlided br Pear.,,n E(lllaaliirn, Inc.
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Questions l-9
Romantic music of the nineteenth century differed greatly from the classical music o[ f he
eighteenth century Classical music u,as primarilv concerned with strict form and stvle. Romzrntic
composers, hor.r'ever, r.l'anted to express their feelings and thoughts through music. Their music uas
Llne less stmctured than the music of the classicists; its goal uras to fill the listener r.r'ith emotion, ',vith
(5) thoughts of beauty, r.r,onder, and nature, and with poetn/.

I What is the topic of this passage ? 6. The uord "goal" in line .1 is NOT close in
meanin-e to rvhich of the follou'ing?
(A) The characteristics of rornantic music
(B) Various tvpes of musrc (A) Aim
(C) Popular music in the eightecnth (B) Objectir,e
centun' (C) Result
(D) A comparison of romantic and (D) Purpose
classical music
7. The rvord "emotion" in line 4 is closest in
The rvord "greatl),'" in line 1 could best be meanrng to
replaced bv r'r'hich of the follou,ing?
(A) feeling
(A) Famously (B) logic
(B) Tremendousll' (C) sound
(C) Structurall,v (D) movement
(D) Slightlv
8. According to the passage, romantic mtrsic
According to the passage, classical music filled the listener rvith all of the follorving
EXCEPT
(A) expresses feelings and lhoughts
(B) u'as popular in the nineteenth century (A) thoughts of poetn,
(C) has rigid forms (B) thorrghts of u'onder
(D) is less stmctured than romantic music (C) thoughts o[ ]oveliness
(D) thoughts o[ strictncss
The r"'ord "form" in line 2 is closest in
meanin*q to Where in the passage does the author
mention u'hen the different tvpes of music
(A) structLrre
rvere popular?
(B) meter
(C) meaning (A) Lines 1-2
(D) use (B) Line 3
(C) Line 4
It can be inf'crred from the passage that (D) Line'5
romantic music
(A) developed prior to the eighteenth
centun
(B) did nol have a strict forrn
(C) came before classical music
(D) rvas more concerned r.vith form than
feeling

COMPLETE TEST ONE-INTRODUCTORY LEVEL 259

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Questions 10-19

In the Anrerican colonies, Benjamin Franklin u'orked as a printer; from his rr,ork, he clearlv
ltnclerstood hou difficr-rlt and costiv it u'as to make books. Hot'errer, he and his friends reallv
enjo_ved reading and rvantcd to -set holcl of as manv books as they could.
Lirtc One ol Franklin's good ideas, and he had manv good ideas, \,as to set up a club rvhere people
(5) could share theil books. The 50 mernber-s r.r,ho joined the club when it \\ras started in 1732 donated
books ancl also poolecl their monev to bur, additional books. Anvone u.ho u'anted to could stop ir.r
ancl rcad the books; club nrenrbers \\'ere also allou'ed to take the books home r.l'ith them, provicled
thev returned them on tirne. This "club" becarne Arlerica's first circulating librarr'.

10. The passzrge m:rinlv discusses 14 The r,'ord "pooled" in line 6 could best be
(A) rhe- Anrerican colonies replaced bv
(B) Be:n jamin Fr:rnklin's u'ork as a printer (A) rvatered
(C) Franklin's manv good ideas (B) su'am
(D) Arnerica's first circulating librarr,' (C) earned
(D) shared
11. A "printer" in line I is a person ',vho
(A) 15. Which of the fbllou'ing is NOT mentioned
rrorks in a libran'
(B) in the passage as something that club
rtrns a book club
members did?
(C) reads a lot of books
(D) produces books and pamphlets (A) Thev gar,e books to the club.
(B) Thev starled neu clubs.
12. The passage indicates that Franklin had (C) Thev took books home.
(A) (D) They helped buv additional books.
no good ideas
(B) one good idea
(C) t6 It can be inferred fr-om the passage that
feu'good ideas
nonmembers of Franklin's club could NOT
(D) ntrn'rerous good ideas
(A) enter the club
l3 Accoi'ding to the passage, horv m;rnv (B) look at the ciub's books
people rvere in the original club?' (C) read
(D) takc' books out of the club
(A) s
(B) t-5
(c) l7 The n'orcl "ploviclecl" in line 7 cotrlcl best be
-50
replaced bv rvhich ol'the tollorving?
(D) s00
(A) rf
(B) Before
(C) Where
(D) Although

260 COMPLETE TEST ONE-INTRODUCTORY LEVEL

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18. In line 8, the books irr a "circulating" 19. Where in the passage does the ar-rthor
library are prcibabh' erplain rvhv Franklin starled the book
club?
(A) spun in circles
(B) movecl rrp ancl clou'n on the librarv (A) Lines'l-2
shelves (B) Lines 4 5
(C) checked in and out of the library (C) Linc's 6-7
(D ) tr.rrned r-rpsidc--doivn (D) Line I

COMPLETE TEST ONE-INTRODUCTORY LEVEL 261

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Questions 20-29

The Hopi are part of the Pueblo Ir-rdian culture. Today thev live mostlv in norlheastern Arizona,
a1the eclge o{ thc- Painted Deserl. Sonrething that sets the Hopi culture off from other cultures is
that it is in sonre senscs a malernal rathcr- tl-ran a paternal cultttre.
Line 1'he Hopi ar-c dividecl ir.rto clans, or-lamilies, alonq maternal lines, and as a re-tult a child
(5) becomes a mernber of the rnother's clan rather thzrn the father's. In addition, ovn'nership of propertl;
such us lancl and hotrses, passes from mother to daughter instead o[ from father to son, as it does in
other Nati\,e Ar-nc-r'ican crrltrrres. Horvever. \vomen do not have all the por'r'er in this culture. Societal
uutholilv still r-es1s in thc hancls ol'men, but th:rt authoritv cloes pass 1cl men from their mothr'rs.

20 The main iclea of the passage is that 24 A "clan" in line 5 is a

(A) the Hopi are onc tvpe ol'Pttebli.r (A) mother
Inciian (B) fatlrer
(B) the Hopi havc a t.natern:rl cultttrc (C) famil_v
(C) most Indian cttltures are patertral (D) child
cultures
(D) todar the Hopi lir"c- in northeastcrn 25 Which of the follor^,'ing is true abor-rt Hopi
Arizonit propert\, ou,nership, according 1o the
pass:rgci)
21. The passage'states that the }{opi
(A) Flopi do not o\\'n propert)'.
(A) are enemie-s of the Pueblo Indians (B) Hopi property passes from farther-to
(B) all lilc irr rrortheastem Arizona son.
(C) live inside the Painted Desert (C) Propertv orr,net'ship in the Hopi
(D) rnal be found otr the borders of'the cultnre is similar to propertv
Painted Desert ou,nership in most other cultures.
(D) A Hopi daughter u-ill probablv inherit
22 In line 3, something that is "matelnal" is propefiY from her mother.
relatc-rl to
26. The expression "such as" in line 6 is closest
(A) the culture in meaning to
(B) the mcither
(C) the tlopi (A) therr
(D) the clan (B) fol example
(C) as a result
23. It is implied in the passage that most (D) also
Natir,e American cttltttres
(A) livc in the Paintecl Desert
(B) are par.t of the Hopi tribe
(C) are patcrnal cultttres
(D) do not have strong families

262 COMPLETE TEST ONE-INTRODUCTORY LEVEL

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27 Which of the follor.r'ing is NOT true abouI 29. Where in the passa-ee does tl-re author
power in Hopi societv?) ciescribe u,here tlre Hopi live todav?
(A) Women do not have all the por'r'er in (A) Lines 1-2
Hopi societl'. (B) Lines 4-5
(B) Men have por.r'er in Hopi societr,'. (C) Lines 5-7
(C) A man rvill probablv inherit po\fer (D) Lir-res 7-8
from his mother.
(D) A man inherits po\.ver from his father.

28. The u'ord "rests" in line 8 could best be

replaced b1-

(A) sleeps
(B) remains
(C) naps
(D) tires

COMPLETE TEST ONE-iNTRODUCTORY LEVEL 263

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Questions 3O-39

Some kinds of animals that are still around todav u'ere in eristence millions of vears ago during
the time of the dinosar-rr'.
One of these surrivors is the crocodile, u'hich has been around for about 100 million y'ears.
Llne Todavs crocodiles can gro\\'to a length of 20 feet and u'eigh about a ton. Their prehistoric ancestors
(5) u'ere about tr,vo-and-a-half times the size of todar,s animals.
Another sun,ir,or from the p:rst is the Galapagos tortoise, u'hose history goes back around 200
million vears. The tortoise of todav has not evolr.ed much over the last 200 million vears; it looks
about the same no\\'as it did u,a1.. back then.
The oldest sun'ivor from prehistoric times is, can vou believe it, the cockroach. Cockroaches
(10) have been able to stick around for- more than 2.50 rnillion vears. The main reason for their
incredible endurance is their abilitv to live in all kinds of conditions and sun'ive on all kinds of
food.

30. This passage is mainlv about 34. The u'ord "ancestors" in line 4 is closest in
meaning to *'hich of the fbllorving?
(A) the din.saur
(B) hou'the crocodile has sun,ived (A) Predecessors
(C) animals that live to be verv old (B) Descendanls
(D) tvpes of animals that have existed for (C) Monsters
a long time (D) Enemies

3 1. The lr'ord "time" in line 2 could best be 35. The passage indicates that the Galapagos
replaced bv tortorse
(A) hour (A) has changed considerabll'
(B) era (B) has been around lbr 250 million vears
(C) clock (C) is about the same as it rvas in the era
(D) moment of the dinosaur
(D) is much larger than prehistoric
32. According to the passage, the crocodile tortoises
(A) sun'ived an attack bv dinosaurs
(B) fir:st appeared 100,000 \'e:rrs ago
(C) has increased in size over timc
(D) h:rs existed for n.rillions ol vezrrs

33. lt can be inlerrecl from the passage that

prehistoric crocodiles couid reach a
maximum leneth of
(A) 10leet
(B) 20 feet
(C) 50 f'eet
(D) 100 leet

264 COMPLETE TEST ONE-INTRODUCTORY LEVEL

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36. Which of the follorving is NOT mentioned 38. Which of the animals mentioned in the
abor,rt the cockroachi' passage has been around for the longest
(A) It has evoh'ed time?
considerablv over the
vears. (A) The dinosaur
(B) It has been around for a quarter of a (B) The crocodile
billion years. (C) The Galapagos tortoise
(c) It lived at the time of the dinosaur. (D) The cockroach
(D) It eats manv kinds of food.
39 Where in the passage does the author
37. The expression "stick around" in line 10 is explain r.r'hv the cockroach has been able
closest in meaning to to endure?
(A) endure (A) Lines 1-2
(B) attack (B) Lines 7-8
(C) travel alound (C) Line 9
(D) look around (D) Lines 10-12

COMPLETE TEST ONE-INTRODUCTORY LEVEL 265

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Questions 40-50

The three phases ol'the human memorl'are sensorv memory short-term lnenloln-, and long-
term memoln'. This division of memorn into phases is barsed on the length of time ol the memory.
Sensory fitemoln is instantaneoLls memor\'. It is ;rn image or a memon'/ that enters vour mind
Lpra only f6r a short period of time; it comes and .goes in ttnder a second. The memory rvill not last
(5) krnger than that unless the inforrnation enters shrlrt-term memoN.
Information can be: lrelcl in short-term memorv f<tr about 20 seconds or as long as vou are
actiyely trsing it. If vou lepc-at a lact to votrrsell', tlrat l'act lvill sta1" in vour short-tert-t-t ntemorv as
long as vou keep repeating it. Once vou stop rcpcating it, either it is forgotten or it moves into long-
t(]rm memol1'.
( 10) Long-lerm memora is the hugc me mory tank that can hold ideas and images for 1'ears and
vears. Infbrmatign can b.' added to vour lon-e-ternr nremorv r,r,hen vou actively tl1 to put it there
through mentorization ol u'hen an idea or image enters vour mind on its orvn.

40. The best title for this pass:rge u'ortlcl be 14 According to the passage, u'hen r,r,ill
informatiot-r stay in vot-tt' short-tern't
(A) The Difference Betrvccn Ser.rsom and tnernot.t'?
Short-Term NIctnotl
(B) Hou' Long lt Takes to Menroriz-c (A) Fol as loltg as l0 nrinut.'s
(C) The Stagc's of Human Mernorv (B) As long as it is be-ing used
(D) Human Phases (C) After vou have repeatecl it manl' tin"res
(D) When it has nroved into long-term
,1 1. The three phases o{ ttlemon'discussed in memol-v
this passage are differentiartecl according to
The u,ord "keep" in line 8 could best be
(A) location in the br':rin repltrced bv
(B) the period of tinre it takes to
remembet s()tllcthing (A) hold
(C) hor'r'1he senses are involved in thc (B) continue
nlemol'\ (C) retajn
(D) horv long the ntemory lasts (D) save

,12. The expressiot-t "is based on" in line 2 .16" The u'ord "Once" in line 8 could best be
could best be replaced br.' replaced bv u'hich o[ the follou'ing?

(A) is on top ot (A) Just afte'r

(B) is at the I'oot ol (B) Although
(C) depends on (C) Jr-rst before
(D) is belou' (D) Because

'13. According to thi' pass:rge, rr'hich tvpe ot

memoll- is lhe sl-rortest?
(A) Sensory mr-nloll
(B) Active mcnrora
(C) Short-tet'nl nlelll()ll
(D) Long-tel'm lrlenlorv

266 COMPLETE TEST ONE-INTRODUCTORY LEVEL

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47. All of the follor.r,'ing are true about long- 49. It can be inferred from the passage that if a
term memory EXCEPT that person remembers a piece of information
(A) it has a very large capacity for tu'o days, this information is probably
in
(B) it can hold information for a long
time (A) three phases of memory
(C) it is possible to put information into it (B) sensory memory
through memorization (C) short-term memory
(D) memorization is the only wav that (D) long-term memory
information can get there
50. Where in the passage does the author
48. The expression "on its or.','n" in line 12 explain what happens when someone stops
could best be replaced by repeating information?
(A) bi' itself (A) Lines 4-5
(B) in its own time (B) Lines 6-7
(C) with its possessrons (C) Lines 8-9
(D) in onlv one u'av (D) Lines 11-12

This is the end of Section 3.

@@@@@@@
lf you finish in less than 55 minutes,
check your work on Section 3 only.
Do NOT read or work on any other section of the test.

COMPLETE TEST ONE-INTRODUCTORY LEVEL 267