11

21st Century
Literature from
the Philippines
and the World
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
21st Century Literary Genres
Across the Globe
21st Century Literature – Grade 11/12
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 2 – Module 2: 21st Century Literary Genres Across the Globe
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Development Team of the Module

Writer: John Vianney S. Trocio
Editors: Louie Mark Garvida, Imelda C. Martinez, Jerryl Jean L. Salunayan
Reviewers: Helen J. Ranan, Sally A. Palomo
Illustrator: Reggie D. Galindez
Layout Artist: John Arvin B. Genosa
Cover Art Designer: Ian Caesar E. Frondoza
Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, CESO IV – Regional Director
Fiel Y. Almendra, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director
Romelito G. Flores, CESO V - Schools Division Superintendent
Mario M. Bermudez, CESO VI – Assist. Schools Division Superintendent
Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM
Gerardo Magno – Subject Area Supervisor
Juliet F. Lastimosa - CID Chief
Sally A. Palomo - Division EPS In- Charge of LRMS
Gregorio O. Ruales - Division ADM Coordinator
Ronnie R. Sunggay / Helen J. Ranan – Subject Area Supervisor /
Coordinator

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN Region

Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
E-mail Address: region12@deped.gov.ph
 11

21st Century
Literature from
the Philippines
and the World
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
21st Century Literary Genres
Across the Globe
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the 21st Century Literature Grade 11/12 Self-Learning Module

(SLM) on Various Literary Genres Across the Globe !

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

Hold this module with your hands, and the
value that goes with it, you hold in your
heart.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the 21st Century Literature Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Various 21st
Century Literary Genres Across the Globe!

The hand is one of the most symbolic parts of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

4
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

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At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the Various 21st Century Literary Genres Across the Globe. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

In this module, you will:

 identify the various literary genres from traditional (ancient) literature

 learn the various literary genres from 21st century literature
Specifically, you are expected to:
 compare and contrast the various literary genres of 21 st century literature in
terms of description, elements and structure.
 value the importance of knowing the development of literature through the
ages

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 What I Know

Before we start with our lesson, let us check your prior knowledge about the various
21st century literary genres across the globe.

Direction: Read each of the items below and choose the correct answer. Write your
answer on the blank before the number.

______ 1. The following are definitions of 21st Century Literature except -

a. It is written by contemporary authors.
b. It is a collection of literary works created within the last decade.
c. It deals with the works of literary giants like Shelley and Chaucer.
d. It deals with current themes and issues and reflects a technological
culture.
______ 2. It is defined as a specific set of literary works that share certain
characteristics.
a. book
b. category
c. genre
d. media

______ 3. The following are 21st Century literary genres except –

a. digi-fiction
b. illustrated novels
c. manga
d. vlog
______ 4. It is a 21st Century literary genre in which half (or even more) of the
narrative is presented through images.
a. blog
b. doodle fiction
c. illustrated novel
d. manga
______ 5. It is a literary genre that combines three media - book, movie and
website.
a. blog
b. digi-fiction
c. graphic novel
d. hyperpoetry
______ 6. It is a narrative work in which the story is conveyed to the reader using
comic form.
a. blog
b. digi-fiction
c. graphic novel
d. hyper poetry
______ 7. It is used as a generic term for all comic books and graphic novels
originally published in Japan.
a. blog
b. doodle fiction
c. illustrated novel
d. manga

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______ 8. It is an element of literature defined as the sequence of events in the
story.
a. character
b. figurative language
c. plot
d. setting
______ 9. It is a major literary genre that comprises works arising from the author’s
imagination.
a. drama
b. fiction
c. non-fiction
d. poetry
______ 10. It is a major literary genre that comprises works which deal with reality.
a. drama
b. fiction
c. non-fiction
d. poetry
______ 11. It is a type of fiction that deals with observation of human conditions.
a. Creative nonfiction
b. Digi-fiction
c. Flash fiction
d. Speculative fiction
______ 12. It is an informational website that presents discussions of a certain topic
in diary-like manner.
a. blog
b. graphic novel
c. hyperpoetry
d. vlog
______ 13. It is a type of fiction characterized by extreme brevity.
a. Creative nonfiction
b. Digi-fiction
c. Flash fiction
d. Speculative fiction
______ 14. It is literary work that often deals with issues involving women.
a. blog
b. chick lit
c. graphic novel
d. manga
______ 15. It is a rich mix of flavors, ideas and techniques, some of which are
newly-invented and others as old as writing itself.
a. Creative nonfiction
b. Digi-fiction
c. Flash fiction
d. Speculative fiction

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______ 16. 21st Century Literature is a collection of literary works developed within
the last decade.
a. True
b. False
c. Uncertain
d. Unfounded
______ 17. 21st Century literature includes literary works that involve the good use
of technology.
a. True
b. False
c. Uncertain
d. Unfounded
______ 18. The key to reading 21st century literature is having sufficient knowledge
of digital environments. This means that –
a. Learners must be adept at using modern technology.
b. Teachers and learners must be able to navigate the internet well.
c. Learners must have strong and stable internet connection at home.
d. Teachers and learners must know and use all online platforms.
______ 19. Which statement is true about 21st Century literature?
a. It reflects social, cultural and political realities.
b. It is better than traditional or ancient literature.
b. It contains materials that are inconceivable by human thought.
d. It is characterized by aversion to current trends and practices.

______ 20. Which statement is not true about 21st Century literature?

a. It contains literary works that go out of the human realm.

b. It comprises literary works by authors from all walks of life.
c. It covers a wide range of genres that are adaptive to human situations.
d. It deals with the simplicity and complexity of human life and existence.

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 What’s In

Life is an exciting journey filled with things that are uncertain and unknown.
You’ll never know what life has in store for you. It is a series of finding answers to
questions. In other words, it is a journey of puzzles. Let us begin our literary journey
by answering this crossword puzzle.

Activity 1. Unearth Me!

Direction: Solve the puzzle below by examining the clues given.

Across Down

2 a narrative poem of book length 1 classification

4 occurring in the present 3 based on facts
5 a work of imagination 7 convention
6 arrangement 9 using ordinary language
8 theatrical play
10 interplay of words and rhythm
11 component of a whole

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 What’s New

21st Century Literature Defined

The year 2000 marked the onset of the 21st century. People born from this
year onwards belong to Generation Z, and are considered digital natives. Technology
plays a vital role in this current era. This same backdrop applies with literature.
Literary works produced in the 21st century have also learned to transition from print
to modern technology. In a nutshell, 21st century literature comprises literary works
written from the year 2000 up to the present.

Activity 2. Take Me Home!

Direction: Below are various literary genres. Place them in the right column by
identifying whether they are works of fiction or non-fiction.

Essay Speech
Poetry Short Story

Novel News Article

Drama Graphic Novel

Biography Memoir

Fiction Nonfiction

Activity 3. Unscramble Me!

Direction: Below are jumbled several other 21st century literary genres.
Unscramble each of them and write your answer on the blank before each item.

_______________________________1) lgbo
_______________________________2) icckh tli
_______________________________3) lsevtipceua cfnitoi
_______________________________4) sfahl cfnitoi
_______________________________5) tcvraeei onncfnitoi
_______________________________6) erhtyypeorp

12
 What’s Is It?

The clutches of technological advancement as a requisite of globalization have

extended into every aspect of human existence, and this includes the study of
literature. As the whole world welcomed the advent of technological revolution,
instruction has also embraced the concept of a global classroom. Hence, skills in
using technology has now become an important tool, at home, at work and most
especially in schools.
21st Century learners are adept at technology, hence the teaching-learning
process has never been the same. In the study of literature, there emerged new
literary genres that involve the great use of technology.
The 21st Century Learner is one who grew up with technology as a primary
learning tool. S/he is capable of navigating and interpreting digital formats and
media messages and possesses literacy skills which include technological abilities
such as keyboarding, internet navigation, interpretation of tech-speak, ability to
communicate and interpret coded language and decipher graphics.
Genres of 21st Century Literature
The term genre refers to a type of art, literature, or music characterized by a
specific form, content, and style. For example, literature has four main genres:
poetry, drama, fiction, and non-fiction. All of these genres have particular features
and functions that distinguish them from one another. Hence, it is necessary on the
part of readers to know which category of genre they are reading in order to
understand the message it conveys, as they may have certain expectations prior to
the reading concerned.
21st Century Literature is composed of literary works created within the last
decade. Written by contemporary authors, these works deal with current themes and
issues and reflect a technological culture. These include emerging genres blogs,
format books, digi-fiction, doodle fiction and graphic novels.
1) Illustrated novels. The term illustrated novel refers to an extended narrative with
multiple images that, together with the text, produce meaning. About 50% of the
narrative is presented through pictures. Some illustrated novels may contain no text
at all.

(source: slideshare.net/calle friesen)

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2) Digi-fiction. Digi-Fiction is a book that includes passcodes so that there is more
information for the book online. It might be short videos to watch, or more text.
Sometimes Digi-fiction can also mean that the entire book can be found in an online
version only.

(source: slideshare.net/calle friesen)

3) Graphic novels. A graphic novel is a narrative work in which the story is conveyed
to the reader using comic form. The term is employed in a broad manner,
encompassing non-fiction works and thematically-linked short stories as well as
fictional stories across a number of genres.

(source: goodreads.com/graphic novels)

4) Manga. Manga is the Japanese word for comics. It is used in the English-speaking
world as a generic term for all comic books and graphic novels originally published
in Japan. Manga is considered an artistic storytelling style.

Kinds of Manga

 shonen - boys’ manga [show-nen]

 shojo – girls’ manga [show-jow]
 seinen – men’s manga [sey-nen]
 josei – women’s manga [jow-sey]
 kodomo – children’s manga [kow-dow-mow]

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Reading Manga

Manga usually follows the traditional style as found in Japan. Japanese

manga is to be read from the right side to the left, including the reading of the comic
panels, opposite of traditional American books.

(source: goodreads.com/manga)

5) Doodle fiction. A doodle fiction is a literary presentation where the author

incorporates doodle drawings and handwritten graphics in place of the traditional
font. Drawings enhance the story, often adding humorous elements that would be
missing if the illustrations were omitted.

(source: slideshare.net/calle friesen)

6) Textula. The textula (a blend of the English word “text” and the Tagalog word
“tula), is mobile phone poetry (poem written in the form of a text message) following
the structure of the tanaga, a Filipino poem consisting of four lines with seven
syllables per line and having the same rhyme at the end of each line, that is an AABB
rhyme scheme. The modern tanaga, however, have rhymes that range from dual rhyme
forms: AABB, ABAB, ABBA; to freestyle forms such as AAAB, BAAA, or ABCD. Tanagas
do not have titles traditionally because the tanaga should speak for itself. However,
writers can opt to give them titles.

(source: slideshare.net/textula)

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7) Creative nonfiction. It is a rich mix of flavors, ideas and techniques, some of
which are newly invented and others as old as writing itself. Creative nonfiction can
be an essay, a journal article, a research paper, a memoir, or a poem; and can be
personal or otherwise.

(source:medium.com/@joneswriter)

8) Hyperpoetry. Hypertext poetry is a new genre of literature that uses the computer
screen as medium rather than the printed page. The literary works rely on the
qualities unique to a digital environment, such as linked worldwide web pages or
effects such as sound and movement.
Example:

…Compiled by Michael R. Burch for sympathy towards the victims of

Bagyong Yolanda. For more information, click the link 
http://www.thehypertexts.com/Philippines%20Typhoon%20Haiyan...

Surrealist Poem Generator

http://www.birdhouse.org/words/komninos/generator.html

9) Chick Lit. A chick lit consists of women-centered narratives that focus on the
trials and tribulations of their individual protagonists. It often addresses issues of
modern womanhood – from romantic relationships to female friendships to matters
in the workplace – in humorous and lighthearted ways.

(source: goodreads.com/chick lit)

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10) Speculative fiction. It is a story that deals with observations of the human
condition but offers the experience through a different lens, and challenges the
reader to see what tomorrow could be like or what the mythic past of one’s
imagination actually is. They are narratives concerned not so much with science or
technology as with human actions in response to a new situation created by science
or technology. A speculative fiction highlights a human rather than technological
problem (Heinlein, 1941).

“Ted Chiang sets his stories in an alternate past or on

another world, like “Tower of Babylon,” which could
breach the limits of what doesn’t count as speculative
and still fit the term. Chiang writes with such an
authoritative voice and builds his worlds so masterfully
that one ought to believe in each story’s possibility. Yet
the best is example is found in “The Story Of Your Life.”
It’s the short story that the film Arrival is based off of,
and honestly, if there was ever a narrative of first
contact that felt so grounded in our world, so real that it
could happen tomorrow, it’s this one.” (Manusos, L.
2020)

“Red Clocks envisions a future that could,

frighteningly, become our own. It follows five
women and takes place in America where abortion
is illegal everywhere, in-vitro fertilization is banned,
and a new amendment has been added to the
constitution that grants rights to every embryo. It’s
been hailed as The Handmaid’s Tale of our
generation, and asks the question: What is a
woman for?” (Manusos, L. 2020)

“This book is the first in a series and takes place

after a climate apocalypse. Most of the population
have drowned from rising waters and the gods and
monsters of legend walk among us. This is a
mixture of a dystopian environment that is clearly
possible and urban fantasy elements. It follows
Maggie Hoskie, a Dinétah monster hunter. Hoskie
is a supernaturally gifted killer, and she’s sent to
investigate the disappearance of a young girl.
There, she uncovers a monster more dangerous and
terrifying than anything imaginable.” (Manusos, L.
2020)

11) Flash fiction. Flash fiction is a fictional work of extreme brevity that still offers
character and plot development. Flash fiction is a medium of brief and enclosed
stories. Its average word count ranges anywhere from five to 1,500 words, but the
consensus is that the maximum tops out at 2,000. Also called short shorts,

17
nanotales, micro-stories, postcard fiction, or napkin fiction, flash fiction is not just a
pared-down short story. Its focus is not necessarily on plot or characters, though it
should still have both. Instead, the emphasis is placed on movement: each sentence
must peel back a new layer that was not visible at first.

3 Characteristics of Flash Fiction

Flash fiction stories share a number of common characteristics.

 Brevity. Flash fiction compresses an entire story into the space of a few
paragraphs. There is no defined word count for flash fiction, but some
commonly used word limits in flash fiction range from just six words on the
short end to around 1,000 words on the longer end.

 A complete plot. A flash fiction story is indeed a story, with a beginning,

middle, and end. This sets it apart from a prose poem or vignette, which can
explore an emotion, memory, or thought without a plot.
 Surprise. Great flash fiction often incorporates surprise, usually in the form
of a twist ending or an unexpected last line. This is not a gimmick: the aim
is to prompt the reader to think deeply about the true meaning of the story.

Origin of Flash Fiction

Flash fiction dates back to the time of fables and parables. The form was
popularized in the nineteenth century by writers like Walt Whitman, Kate Chopin,
and Ambrose Bierce. Perhaps the best-known flash fiction story is from this time
(although frequently misattributed to Ernest Hemingway). The entire story is six
words long:
“For sale: baby shoes, never worn.”

The amount of emotion packed into these words inspired many writers to
try their hand at the genre. In the 1980s, Robert Shepard and James Thomas
published a set of anthologies of flash fiction called Sudden Fiction, which spurred
another resurgence of the form. Another highly influential anthology was Flash
Fiction, published in 1992 by W. W. Norton. It features 72 flash fiction stories and
was edited by Tom Hazuka, Denise Thomas, and James Thomas.

(source: blog.reedsy.com/flash fiction)

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12) Blog. Short for “web log”, a blog is a discussion or informational website
published on the World Wide Web consisting of discrete, often informal diary-style
text entries. It is an online journal displaying information on the reverse
chronological order, with the latest posts appearing first. It is a platform where a
writer or even a group of writers share their views on an individual subject.

(source: firstsiteguide.com/blog)

What’s More

Activity 4. You Complete Me!

Direction: Complete the table below by filling in the missing information about the
genres of 21st century Literature as presented above. The first one is done for you.

Genre Description Elements/Structure

1)Manga Graphic novel originally Follows the tradition of Japan;
published in Japan contains comic panels read
from right to left.

2) It is an online discussion of a
specific topic presented in
diary-like manner.

3) It is poetry in a digital
environment.

4) Story is conveyed through the

use of comic forms

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 5) It is a poem written in the
form of a text message

6) It is literary work that

deals with issues involving
women.
7) It is a very short story ranging
from only 6 words to a
thousand but with complete
detail.
8) Drawings called doodle are
incorporated in the literary
presentation.
9) A book containing an
online link.

10) It is a story that deals with

observation of human
conditions.
11) It can be in the form of an
essay, a journal article or a
research paper.
12) About 50% of the narrative is
presented without words.

Activity 5. Read Me!

Direction: Read the essay below and answer the questions that follow.

Beowulf – Heroes Then and Now

(retrieved from benjaminbarber.org)
Heroes today have changed from those of Beowulf’s day. Back in the time of
Beowulf heroes were mainly the protectors of the country such as warriors and kings.
The roles have changed today were heroes consist of celebrities and sport players.
The roles have changed because our society has changed as well. In the time of
Beowulf the kings were of the utmost importance. Without a king the country was
sure to fall into ruins. The king’s duty was to protect the country. He did this by
keeping up with the wars of the surrounding country and finding warriors to protect
the country.

The king was highly respected and he had a very important job. Without the
king there was no hope for the country. Today really is not all that different, instead
of a king we have a president. Our president must still keep up with the foreign
affairs including wars in order to protect our country. He must also be able to foresee
any effect that foreign affairs might have on the country in the long run. It is the
president’s responsibility to ensure that our military divisions, including the air
force, navy, and army, are prepared and able to defend our nation or our nation’s
allies.

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 In the epic Beowulf, heroes were also warriors. These warriors were supposed
to protect the country against “monsters” and invasions. The warriors were strong
men who could physically make an attack or prevent an attack in order to protect
their country. Beowulf was a warrior who was a hero to the country where the Danes
lived. Beowulf was able to protect and serve the Danes by killing Grendel. Grendel
was an evil monster who had been killing the people that had been sleeping in the
hall that he haunted. Beowulf became a hero by not only killing Grendle but also by
tearing off his shoulder arm and claw with his bear hands.

This is an amazing feat that an ordinary man could not accomplish. To kill a
monster with one’s bear hands is simply unheard of! Today our heroes do not
normally consist of a warrior as much as a sports player. They too, like the warrior,
do things that the ordinary man could not do. Accomplishing unordinary feats is how
they earn the respect of the nation. Their job is also equally important as the warrior
because they allow people to escape their problems and lives for a while when they
watch the sport. Mark McGuire is a hero in the sport of the baseball team, the
Cardinals.

Mr. McGuire has hit more homeruns than any other man in the major leagues
has ever hit in one baseball season. He became a hero by accomplishing such a
respectable feat and still being kind to all including his family that he cares a lot for.
Not only did he keep people’s interest in the game to see how many homeruns he
would get, but he also brought the love back to a national past time. In the year
before the country lost respect for baseball when a baseball strike had ruined the
season. In bringing back the love for a sacred sport Mr. McGuire earned the country’s
love and respect. Another great warrior was a man named Wiglaf who tried to save
Beowulf’s life. Beowulf ran into trouble when he was fighting an evil dragon. He had
gotten older and had not ever fought a fire breathing dragon before. All of Beowulf’s
warriors deserted him except for one, Wiglaf. Wiglaf was unable to save Beowulf’s life
but he kills the dragon and fulfills Beowulf’s last request. He builds a monument for
Beowulf and Wiglaf became king. Today the story is slightly different but equally
enjoyable.

Sammy Sosa is a baseball player for the Cubs, a rival to the Cardinals (Mark
McGuire’s team). Mr. Sosa is a hero because he too beat the previous record for home
runs in one baseball season. Although he was battling with Mr. McGuire to make the
new home run record the two players kept it friendly and professional and only
wanting the better man to win. Mr. Sosa also helped to bring enjoyment into the
game of baseball. Mr. Sosa also helped to remind us on how important it is to be
kind even if the battle is between two heroes who both desire to win the fight.
Throughout time the roles that heroes play in our lives have changed but they
are still important to our countries. Beowulf and Wiglaf protected their country and
people. Just as importantly Mark McGuire and Sammy Sosa brought enjoyment and
a break from hectic lives to our country. Even though the roles have changed for the
heroes throughout time their importance to the countries has not gotten smaller.
Heroes today are as important as they were in the time of the hero Beowulf.

Direction: Read and answer the following questions. Write your answer on the space
provided after each number.

21
1) What did the essay above make a comparison of?

2) How are heroes of the past similar or different to the heroes of today?

3) What is the significance of comparing and/or contrasting the elements of

traditional literature and contemporary (21st century) literature?

4) Is 21st century literature better than traditional literature? Explain your answer.

What I Have Learned

Activity 6. Make Me Whole!

Direction: Complete the sentences below by discussing the similarities and/or

differences between the genres given. Consider the genre’s description, elements
and structure. You may refer to the discussions above.

A short story is similar to flash vs A flash fiction is similar to a short

fiction because story because

and different from it because and different from it because

A novel is similar to a graphic vs A graphic novel is similar to a novel

novel because because

and different from it because and different from it because

Poetry is similar to hyperpoetry vs Hyperpoetry is similar to poetry

because because

and different from it because and different from it because

Fiction is similar to nonfiction vs Nonfiction is similar to fiction because

because

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 and different from it because and different from it because

A journal is similar to blog because vs A blog is similar to a journal because

and different from it because and different from it because

What I Can Do

Activity 7. Blog Time!

Direction: Create a blog entry by making a comparison and contrast of the following
literary characters (choose only one pair) from ancient and contemporary (21st
century) literature. Be sure to add creativity to your blog so that it becomes visually-
appealing. Print your blog entry (or take a picture) and submit along with this
module.
1) Greek gods vs Avengers
2) Achilles vs Superman
3) Cardo vs Rambo
4) Goddess Discord (Eris) vs Maleficent
5) Ariel (Little Mermaid) vs Elsa (Frozen)

Assessment

Direction: Read each of the items below and choose the correct answer. Write your
answer on the blank before the number.

______ 1. It is a major literary genre that comprises works which deal with reality.
a. drama
b. fiction
c. non-fiction
d. poetry

______ 2. It is a type of fiction that deals with observation of human conditions.

a. Creative nonfiction
b. Digi-fiction
c. Flash fiction

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 d. Speculative fiction
______ 3. The following are 21st Century literary genres except –
a. digi-fiction
b. illustrated novels
c. manga
d. vlog
______ 4. It is a narrative work in which the story is conveyed to the reader using
comic form.
a. blog
b. digi-fiction
c. graphic novel
d. hyper poetry
______ 5. It is a literary work that often deals with issues involving women.
a. blog
b. chick lit
c. graphic novel
d. manga
______ 6. It is an informational website that presents discussions of a certain topic
in diary-like manner.
a. blog
b. graphic novel
c. hyperpoetry
d. vlog
______ 7. It is used as a generic term for all comic books and graphic novels
originally published in Japan.
a. blog
b. doodle fiction
c. illustrated novel
d. manga
______ 8. It is a rich mix of flavors, ideas and techniques, some of which are newly-
invented and others as old as writing itself.
a. Creative nonfiction
b. Digi-fiction
c. Flash fiction
d. Speculative fiction
______ 9. It is defined as a specific set of literary works that share certain
characteristics.
a. book
b. category
c. genre
d. media

______ 10. It is a literary genre that combines three media - book, movie and
website.
a. blog
b. digi-fiction
c. graphic novel

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 d. hyperpoetry
______ 11. It is a 21st Century literary genre in which half (or even more) of the
narrative is presented through images.
a. blog
b. doodle fiction
c. illustrated novel
d. manga
______ 12. It is an element of literature defined as the sequence of events in the
story.
a. character
b. figurative language
c. plot
d. setting
______ 13. It is a type of fiction characterized by extreme brevity.
a. Creative nonfiction
b. Digi-fiction
c. Flash fiction
d. Speculative fiction
______ 14. It is a major literary genre that comprises works arising from the
author’s imagination.
a. drama
b. fiction
c. non-fiction
d. poetry
______ 15. 21st Century Literature is a collection of literary works developed within
the last decade.
a. True
b. False
c. Uncertain
d. Unfounded
______ 16. 21st Century literature includes literary works that involve the good use
of technology.
a. True
b. False
c. Uncertain
d. Unfounded
______ 17. The following are definitions of 21st Century Literature except -
a. It is written by contemporary authors.
b. It is a collection of literary works created within the last decade.
c. It deals with the works of literary giants like Shelley and Chaucer.
d. It deals with current themes and issues and reflects a technological
culture.
______ 18. Which statement is true about 21st Century literature?

a. It reflects social, cultural and political realities.

b. It is better than traditional or ancient literature.
b. It contains materials that are inconceivable by human thought.

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 d. It is characterized by aversion to current trends and practices.

______ 19. Which statement is not true about 21st Century literature?

a. It contains literary works that go out of the human realm.

b. It comprises literary works by authors from all walks of life.
c. It covers a wide range of genres that are adaptive to human situations.
d. It deals with the simplicity and complexity of human life and existence.

______ 20. The key to reading 21st century literature is having sufficient knowledge
of digital environments. This means that –

a. Learners must be adept at using modern technology.

b. Teachers and learners must be able to navigate the internet well.
c. Learners must have strong and stable internet connection at home.
d. Teachers and learners must know and use all online platforms.

Additional Activities

Activity 8. Create a one-page graphic novel depicting the most interesting episode(s)
of your stay-at-home experience during this pandemic. Use separate sheet/s for your
panels. You may color your work.

Rubrics:

Criterion 5 3 1
Content The episode The episode The episode
contains very contains less content is not
interesting details. interesting details. interesting.
Language The narration and The narration and The narration and
the script use the script use fair script exhibited
excellent language. language. poor language use.
Visual Appeal The graphics are The graphics are The graphics fail to
highly aesthetic. less attractive. hook the visual
sense.

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 27
Assessment Activity 4
(Answers may vary) Activity 3
1. C 16. A
2. D 17. C 1. blog
3. D 18. A Activity 5 Essay 2. chick lit
4. C 19. A (Answers may vary) 3. speculative
5. B 20. B fiction
6. A 4. flash fiction
7. D Activity 6 5. creative
8. A (Answers may vary) nonfiction
9. C 6. hyperpoetry
10.B
11.C Activity 7
12.C (Answers may vary)
13.C
14.B
15.A Activity 8
(Answers may vary)
Activity 2 Activity 1 What I Know
Across
Fiction 1. C 16. A
Poetry 2. novel 2. C 17. A
Short Story 4. contemporary 3. D 18. B
Novel 5. fiction 4. C 19. A
Drama 6. structure 5. B 20. A
Graphic Novel 8. drama 6. C
7. D
10. poetry
8. C
Nonfiction 11. element
9. B
Essay 10.C
Speech Down 11.D
News Article 1. genre 12.A
Biography 3. non-fiction 13.C
Memoir 7. tradition 14.B
9. prose 15.A
Answer Key
References:
http://www.kirkwood.edu/site/index.php

https://www.slideshare.net/RonNelAlmencion/emerging-21st-century-literary-
genres-21st-century-literature-from-the-philippines-and-the-world

https://www.slideshare.net/darinjohn2/21st-century-literary-genres-by-calle-
friesen

https://www.masterclass.com/articles/writing-101-what-is-flash-fiction-learn-
how-to-write-flash-fiction-in-7-steps

https://medium.com/@joannasmith008/everything-you-need-to-know-about-
flash-fiction-29e2513b4f4a

https://www.google.com/search?q=blog+examples&hl=en&sxsrf=ALeKk03YDi -

https://www.123helpme.com/essay/Epic-of-Beowulf-Essay-Heroes-Then-and-
5575

https://benjaminbarber.org/beowulf-heroes-todays-heroes/

https://bookriot.com/what-is-speculative-fiction/

Essay Examples. (May 2019). Beowulf Heroes & Today’s Heroes. Retrieved from
https://benjaminbarber.org/beowulf-heroes-todays-heroes/

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 DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal.
Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all
learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The
process of LR development was observed in the production of this module.
This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: region12@deped.gov.ph

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