ORE RESEARCH & EXPLORATION P/L ABN 28 006 859 856

37A Hosie Street · Bayswater North · VIC 3153 · AUSTRALIA

61 3 9729 0333 61 3 9729 8338
i n f o @o re .c o m.a u w w w.o re .c o m .a u

CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS FOR

SEDEX TYPE Zn-Pb-Ag ORE

CERTIFIED REFERENCE MATERIAL

OREAS 136

Summary Statistics for Key Analytes.

Certified 95% Confidence Limits 95% Tolerance Limits
Constituent 1SD
Value Low High Low High
4-Acid Digestion
Ag, Silver (ppm) 151 5 149 153 147 155
Pb, Lead (wt.%) 4.76 0.169 4.69 4.83 4.66 4.86
Zn, Zinc (wt.%) 3.63 0.058 3.61 3.65 3.56 3.70
Note: intervals may appear asymmetric due to rounding.

Project: COA-1239-OREAS136
Revised: 11-January-2018
First Published: 8-August-2017
 Table 1. Certified Values, SDs, 95% Confidence and Tolerance Limits for OREAS 136.
Certified 95% Confidence Limits 95% Tolerance Limits
Constituent 1SD
Value Low High Low High
4-Acid Digestion
Ag, Silver (ppm) 151 5 149 153 147 155
Al, Aluminium (wt.%) 4.09 0.273 3.96 4.21 4.01 4.16
As, Arsenic (ppm) 2145 100 2094 2196 2067 2223
Be, Beryllium (ppm) 2.37 0.142 2.30 2.44 2.27 2.46
Bi, Bismuth (ppm) 6.37 0.75 5.94 6.80 6.14 6.61
Ca, Calcium (wt.%) 2.25 0.096 2.21 2.30 2.21 2.29
Cd, Cadmium (ppm) 102 9 97 107 100 105
Ce, Cerium (ppm) 92 15 84 100 89 95
Co, Cobalt (ppm) 28.7 2.57 27.3 30.1 28.0 29.4
Cr, Chromium (ppm) 35.7 3.6 33.0 38.3 33.8 37.6
Cs, Cesium (ppm) 4.56 0.51 4.25 4.87 4.44 4.69
Cu, Copper (ppm) 306 14 300 312 299 313
Dy, Dysprosium (ppm) 5.88 0.188 5.72 6.04 5.75 6.01
Er, Erbium (ppm) 2.75 0.123 2.65 2.85 2.63 2.87
Eu, Europium (ppm) 3.97 0.363 3.62 4.32 3.85 4.10
Fe, Iron (wt.%) 11.50 0.612 11.22 11.78 11.28 11.72
Ga, Gallium (ppm) 12.2 1.5 11.1 13.3 11.5 12.9
Gd, Gadolinium (ppm) 7.97 0.668 7.39 8.55 7.78 8.16
Hf, Hafnium (ppm) 2.50 0.236 2.36 2.65 2.40 2.61
Ho, Holmium (ppm) 1.02 0.083 0.93 1.12 0.99 1.06
In, Indium (ppm) 2.12 0.24 1.96 2.27 2.03 2.21
K, Potassium (wt.%) 3.61 0.268 3.50 3.73 3.51 3.72
La, Lanthanum (ppm) 46.6 6.0 43.0 50.2 44.7 48.5
Li, Lithium (ppm) 38.5 2.30 37.1 39.8 37.2 39.8
Lu, Lutetium (ppm) 0.32 0.04 0.29 0.35 0.30 0.34
Mg, Magnesium (wt.%) 0.885 0.066 0.856 0.914 0.871 0.898
Mn, Manganese (wt.%) 0.968 0.033 0.953 0.982 0.951 0.984
Na, Sodium (wt.%) 0.146 0.010 0.141 0.151 0.140 0.152
Nd, Neodymium (ppm) 42.8 3.85 39.8 45.9 41.4 44.3
Ni, Nickel (ppm) 29.0 2.63 27.5 30.5 27.9 30.0
P, Phosphorus (wt.%) 0.090 0.005 0.088 0.092 0.088 0.092
Pb, Lead (wt.%) 4.76 0.169 4.69 4.83 4.66 4.86
Pr, Praseodymium (ppm) 11.4 0.81 10.7 12.1 11.2 11.6
Rb, Rubidium (ppm) 168 10 160 175 162 173
S, Sulphur (wt.%) 7.47 0.259 7.35 7.59 7.27 7.66
Sb, Antimony (ppm) 96 10 91 102 93 100
Sc, Scandium (ppm) 6.75 0.75 6.22 7.28 6.48 7.02
Sm, Samarium (ppm) 8.48 0.649 7.93 9.03 8.28 8.68
Sn, Tin (ppm) 4.38 0.48 4.07 4.69 4.04 4.72
Sr, Strontium (ppm) 151 17 143 159 145 158
Tb, Terbium (ppm) 1.03 0.056 0.98 1.08 0.98 1.08
Note: intervals may appear asymmetric due to rounding

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 2 of 15
 Table 1 continued.
Certified 95% Confidence Limits 95% Tolerance Limits
Constituent 1SD
Value Low High Low High
4-Acid Digestion continued
Th, Thorium (ppm) 7.90 1.37 7.04 8.77 7.62 8.18
Ti, Titanium (wt.%) 0.128 0.010 0.121 0.136 0.122 0.135
Tl, Thallium (ppm) 29.2 1.11 28.5 29.9 28.4 29.9
Tm, Thulium (ppm) 0.34 0.025 0.31 0.36 0.32 0.36
U, Uranium (ppm) 8.65 0.471 8.39 8.91 8.30 9.00
V, Vanadium (ppm) 62 3.6 60 64 60 63
W, Tungsten (ppm) 6.70 0.502 6.41 6.99 6.29 7.11
Y, Yttrium (ppm) 31.7 2.09 30.4 32.9 30.9 32.5
Yb, Ytterbium (ppm) 2.23 0.156 2.10 2.37 2.08 2.39
Zn, Zinc (wt.%) 3.63 0.058 3.61 3.65 3.56 3.70
Zr, Zirconium (ppm) 86 6.8 82 90 83 89
Peroxide Fusion ICP
Ag, Silver (ppm) 147 5 141 152 136 158
Al, Aluminium (wt.%) 4.16 0.103 4.11 4.20 4.07 4.25
As, Arsenic (ppm) 2214 150 2137 2291 2099 2330
Ba, Barium (ppm) 4109 186 3977 4240 3936 4281
Be, Beryllium (ppm) 2.74 0.48 2.45 3.02 IND IND
Ca, Calcium (wt.%) 2.27 0.079 2.23 2.31 2.19 2.36
Cd, Cadmium (ppm) 112 6 108 116 107 117
Co, Cobalt (ppm) 29.0 2.03 28.1 30.0 26.9 31.2
Cs, Cesium (ppm) 4.65 0.330 4.32 4.98 4.26 5.03
Cu, Copper (ppm) 305 18 296 313 283 327
Er, Erbium (ppm) 2.93 0.274 2.67 3.19 IND IND
Fe, Iron (wt.%) 11.51 0.418 11.31 11.71 11.29 11.73
La, Lanthanum (ppm) 54 2.1 53 56 51 58
Li, Lithium (ppm) 39.9 1.83 37.7 42.2 38.1 41.8
Mg, Magnesium (wt.%) 0.901 0.035 0.884 0.917 0.875 0.926
Mn, Manganese (wt.%) 0.976 0.045 0.953 0.999 0.953 0.999
Mo, Molybdenum (ppm) 8.20 0.98 7.22 9.19 IND IND
Nd, Neodymium (ppm) 42.8 1.90 40.6 45.1 39.2 46.5
P, Phosphorus (wt.%) 0.092 0.011 0.081 0.103 IND IND
Pb, Lead (wt.%) 4.73 0.119 4.67 4.78 4.56 4.89
Rb, Rubidium (ppm) 175 8 168 181 168 181
S, Sulphur (wt.%) 7.61 0.194 7.52 7.69 7.44 7.77
Sb, Antimony (ppm) 101 7 96 106 95 107
Si, Silicon (wt.%) 21.36 0.492 21.11 21.61 21.09 21.63
Sm, Samarium (ppm) 8.17 0.622 7.47 8.87 IND IND
Sr, Strontium (ppm) 167 18 156 179 160 175
Tb, Terbium (ppm) 1.07 0.16 0.86 1.27 IND IND
Th, Thorium (ppm) 8.50 0.521 8.07 8.92 8.17 8.83
Ti, Titanium (wt.%) 0.182 0.009 0.179 0.185 0.172 0.191
Tl, Thallium (ppm) 28.5 1.10 27.5 29.5 27.8 29.3
Note: intervals may appear asymmetric due to rounding

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 3 of 15
 Table 1 continued.
Certified 95% Confidence Limits 95% Tolerance Limits
Constituent 1SD
Value Low High Low High
Peroxide Fusion ICP continued
Tm, Thulium (ppm) 0.40 0.003 0.40 0.40 IND IND
U, Uranium (ppm) 8.69 0.371 8.50 8.88 8.02 9.37
V, Vanadium (ppm) 66 11 59 73 60 72
W, Tungsten (ppm) 6.43 1.06 5.51 7.34 IND IND
Y, Yttrium (ppm) 35.2 3.40 32.6 37.8 34.1 36.4
Yb, Ytterbium (ppm) 2.36 0.215 2.19 2.53 IND IND
Zn, Zinc (wt.%) 3.63 0.094 3.59 3.67 3.56 3.70
Aqua Regia Digestion
Ag, Silver (ppm) 149 5 146 151 144 153
Al, Aluminium (wt.%) 1.13 0.13 1.06 1.19 1.09 1.17
As, Arsenic (ppm) 2147 108 2089 2205 2091 2204
Bi, Bismuth (ppm) 6.32 0.75 5.81 6.82 6.15 6.48
Ca, Calcium (wt.%) 2.14 0.107 2.09 2.18 2.08 2.19
Cd, Cadmium (ppm) 101 9 96 105 98 103
Ce, Cerium (ppm) 88 10 80 95 86 90
Co, Cobalt (ppm) 26.8 1.59 26.2 27.4 25.3 28.3
Cr, Chromium (ppm) 20.1 1.83 19.1 21.1 18.5 21.8
Cs, Cesium (ppm) 2.58 0.144 2.47 2.68 2.49 2.66
Cu, Copper (ppm) 310 8 306 314 302 318
Eu, Europium (ppm) 3.63 0.47 2.99 4.27 3.55 3.71
Fe, Iron (wt.%) 11.12 0.508 10.86 11.37 10.83 11.40
Ga, Gallium (ppm) 5.70 0.85 5.02 6.38 5.53 5.88
Hg, Mercury (ppm) 1.70 0.126 1.57 1.83 1.59 1.81
In, Indium (ppm) 1.92 0.187 1.77 2.06 1.84 2.00
La, Lanthanum (ppm) 43.0 7.1 38.8 47.1 41.8 44.2
Li, Lithium (ppm) 25.6 2.38 23.8 27.3 24.9 26.2
Lu, Lutetium (ppm) 0.20 0.03 0.16 0.25 0.19 0.21
Mg, Magnesium (wt.%) 0.743 0.047 0.722 0.763 0.721 0.764
Mn, Manganese (wt.%) 0.876 0.029 0.862 0.890 0.850 0.903
Mo, Molybdenum (ppm) 7.04 0.630 6.67 7.41 6.79 7.28
Na, Sodium (wt.%) 0.028 0.004 0.024 0.032 0.026 0.030
Nd, Neodymium (ppm) 40.3 3.35 36.1 44.6 38.4 42.2
Ni, Nickel (ppm) 28.4 3.5 26.8 30.0 27.0 29.8
P, Phosphorus (wt.%) 0.090 0.006 0.087 0.093 0.088 0.093
Pb, Lead (wt.%) 4.78 0.129 4.71 4.86 4.68 4.89
Pr, Praseodymium (ppm) 9.98 1.44 8.03 11.94 9.82 10.15
Rb, Rubidium (ppm) 45.5 6.8 40.5 50.4 44.2 46.8
S, Sulphur (wt.%) 7.54 0.339 7.38 7.70 7.37 7.71
Sb, Antimony (ppm) 83 13 76 91 81 86
Sc, Scandium (ppm) 3.44 0.55 3.06 3.82 3.23 3.64
Sn, Tin (ppm) 3.69 0.46 3.25 4.13 3.42 3.96
Sr, Strontium (ppm) 32.4 6.4 29.2 35.7 30.9 34.0
Note: intervals may appear asymmetric due to rounding

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 4 of 15
 Table 1 continued.
Certified 95% Confidence Limits 95% Tolerance Limits
Constituent 1SD
Value Low High Low High
Aqua Regia Digestion continued
Tb, Terbium (ppm) 0.94 0.18 0.70 1.19 0.90 0.99
Te, Tellurium (ppm) 0.18 0.03 0.15 0.21 IND IND
Th, Thorium (ppm) 7.71 0.85 7.14 8.29 7.50 7.93
Ti, Titanium (wt.%) 0.025 0.002 0.023 0.027 0.024 0.026
Tl, Thallium (ppm) 7.41 1.34 6.43 8.40 7.15 7.68
U, Uranium (ppm) 7.65 0.313 7.44 7.87 7.40 7.91
V, Vanadium (ppm) 31.5 3.4 29.9 33.2 30.2 32.9
W, Tungsten (ppm) 5.76 0.455 5.45 6.07 5.58 5.94
Y, Yttrium (ppm) 25.9 1.97 24.6 27.1 25.2 26.5
Yb, Ytterbium (ppm) 1.49 0.19 1.27 1.70 IND IND
Zn, Zinc (wt.%) 3.58 0.140 3.52 3.64 3.49 3.67
Zr, Zirconium (ppm) 25.7 5.0 22.5 29.0 24.7 26.8
Infrared Combustion
C, Carbon (wt.%) 2.89 0.076 2.85 2.92 2.84 2.94
S, Sulphur (wt.%) 7.81 0.148 7.73 7.88 7.74 7.87
Note: intervals may appear asymmetric due to rounding

INTRODUCTION
OREAS reference materials are intended to provide a low cost method of evaluating and
improving the quality of analysis of geological samples. To the geologist they provide a
means of implementing quality control in analytical data sets generated in exploration from
the grass roots level through to prospect evaluation, and in grade control at mining
operations. To the analyst they provide an effective means of calibrating analytical
equipment, assessing new techniques and routinely monitoring in-house procedures.

SOURCE MATERIALS

OREAS 136 has been prepared from a blend of barren and ore grade SEDEX Type Zn-
Pb-Ag materials sourced from the Dugald River deposit located in the Mt Isa Inlier, ~65km
north-west of Cloncurry in north-west Queensland, Australia. The mineralisation style is
dominated by sphalerite and galena with a gangue of graphitic slate, pyrrhotite and pyrite.
The deposit is hosted within a sequence of upper greenschist to amphibolite facies
metamorphic rocks consisting quartzite, schists, slates and dolomite.

COMMINUTION AND HOMOGENISATION PROCEDURES

The material constituting OREAS 136 was prepared in the following manner:

 Drying to constant mass at 85°C;

 Crushing and milling to 98% minus 75 microns;

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 5 of 15
  Preliminary homogenisation and check assaying of barren, low, medium and high
grade source materials;
 Final homogenisation by blending the source materials in specific ratios to achieve
target grades;
 Packaging in 10g units sealed under nitrogen in laminated foil pouches.

ANALYTICAL PROGRAM
Twenty four commercial analytical laboratories participated in the program to certify the
analytes reported in Table 1. The following methods were employed:

 Four acid digestion for full ICP-OES and ICP-MS elemental suites except for two
laboratories who used an AAS finish for Ag and five laboratories who used an AAS
finish for Pb and Zn (up to 23 laboratories depending on the element);
 Peroxide fusion for full ICP-OES and ICP-MS elemental suites except for one
laboratory who used borate fusion with an ICP-OES finish for Si only (up to 18
laboratories depending on the element);
 Aqua regia digestion for full ICP-OES and ICP-MS elemental suites except for one
laboratory who used an AAS finish for Ag and two laboratories who used an AAS
finish for Pb and Zn (up to 20 laboratories depending on the element);
 C and S by IR combustion furnace (19 laboratories for C; 20 laboratories for S);

For the round robin program ten 300g test units were taken at predetermined intervals
during the bagging stage, immediately following homogenisation and are considered
representative of the entire 340kg batch. The six samples received by each laboratory
were obtained by taking two 20g scoop splits from each of three separate 300g test units.
This format enabled nested ANOVA treatment of the results to evaluate homogeneity, i.e.
to ascertain whether between-unit variance is greater than within-unit variance. Table 1
presents the 137 certified values together with their associated 1SD’s, 95% confidence
and tolerance limits and Table 2 below shows 59 indicative values. Table 3 provides
performance gate intervals for the certified values based on their associated pooled
standard deviations. Tabulated results of all elements together with analytical method
codes, uncorrected means, medians, standard deviations, relative standard deviations and
per cent deviation of lab means from the corrected mean of means (PDM 3) are presented
in the detailed certification data for this CRM (OREAS 136 DataPack.xlsx).

Table 2. Indicative Values for OREAS 136.

Constituent Unit Value Constituent Unit Value Constituent Unit Value

4-Acid Digestion
B ppm 1.34 Mo ppm 6.62 Si wt.% 10.90
Ba ppm 1975 Nb ppm 5.02 Ta ppm 0.45
Ge ppm 4.41 Pt ppm 0.020 Te ppm 0.21
Hg ppm 0.54 Re ppm 0.009
Ir ppm 0.007 Se ppm 1.99
Peroxide Fusion ICP
B ppm 113 Ge ppm 5.32 Pr ppm 12.0
Note: the number of significant figures reported is not a reflection of the level of certainty of stated values. They are instead
an artefact of ORE’s in-house CRM-specific LIMS.

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 6 of 15
 Table 2 continued.

Constituent Unit Value Constituent Unit Value Constituent Unit Value

Peroxide Fusion ICP continued

Bi ppm 6.38 Hf ppm 4.33 Re ppm < 0.1
Ce ppm 103 Ho ppm 1.18 Sc ppm 6.08
Cr ppm 50 In ppm 2.06 Se ppm < 20
Dy ppm 5.79 K wt.% 3.67 Sn ppm 7.66
Eu ppm 4.23 Lu ppm 0.38 Ta ppm 0.54
Ga ppm 12.4 Nb ppm 6.56 Te ppm <1
Gd ppm 8.20 Ni ppm 28.0 Zr ppm 90
Aqua Regia Digestion
Au ppm 0.019 Ge ppm 1.02 Pt ppm 7.01
B ppm 15.3 Hf ppm 0.84 Re ppm 0.009
Ba ppm 280 Ho ppm 0.91 Se ppm 2.39
Be ppm 1.54 Ir ppm 0.007 Si wt.% 0.160
Dy ppm 5.39 K wt.% 0.574 Sm ppm 6.99
Er ppm 2.24 Nb ppm 0.61 Ta ppm 0.006
Gd ppm 7.51 Pd ppm < 0.01 Tm ppm 0.23
Thermogravimetry
1000
LOI wt.% 7.72
Note: the number of significant figures reported is not a reflection of the level of certainty of stated values. They are instead
an artefact of ORE’s in-house CRM-specific LIMS.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

Certified Values, Confidence Limits, Standard Deviations and Tolerance Limits

(Table 1) have been determined for each analyte following removal of individual, laboratory
dataset (batch) and 3SD outliers (single iteration). For individual outliers within a laboratory
batch the z-score test is used in combination with a second method that determines the
per cent deviation of the individual value from the batch median. Outliers in general are
selected on the basis of z-scores > 2.5 and with per cent deviations (i) > 3 and (ii) more
than three times the average absolute per cent deviation for the batch. In certain instances
statistician’s prerogative has been employed in discriminating outliers. Each laboratory
data set mean is tested for outlying status based on z-score discrimination and rejected if
> 2.5. After individual and laboratory data set (batch) outliers have been eliminated a non-
iterative 3 standard deviation filter is applied, with those values lying outside this window
also relegated to outlying status. The Certified Values are the means of accepted
laboratory means after outlier filtering.

The 95% Confidence Limits are inversely proportional to the number of participating
laboratories and inter-laboratory agreement. It is a measure of the reliability of the certified
value. A 95% confidence interval indicates a 95% probability that the true value of the
analyte under consideration lies between the upper and lower limits. 95% Confidence
Limits should not be used as control limits for laboratory performance.

Standard Deviation values (1SDs) are reported in Table 1 and provide an indication of a
level of performance that might reasonably be expected from a laboratory being monitored
by this CRM in a QA/QC program. The SD’s take into account errors attributable to

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 7 of 15
 measurement uncertainty and CRM variability. For an effective CRM the contribution of the
latter should be negligible in comparison to measurement errors. The SD values thus
include all sources of measurement uncertainty: between-lab variance, within-run variance
(precision errors) and CRM variability. OREAS prepared reference materials have a level
of homogeneity such that the observed variance from repeated analysis has its origin
almost exclusively in the analytical process rather than the reference material itself.

The SD for each analyte’s certified value is calculated from the same filtered data set used
to determine the certified value, i.e. after removal of any individual, lab dataset (batch) and
3SD outliers (single iteration). These outliers can only be removed after the absolute
homogeneity of the CRM has been independently established, i.e. the outliers must be
confidently deemed to be analytical rather than arising from inhomogeneity of the CRM.
The standard deviation is then calculated for each analyte from the pooled accepted
analyses generated from the certification program.
In the application of SD’s in monitoring performance it is important to note that not all
laboratories function at the same level of proficiency and that different methods in use at a
particular laboratory have differing levels of precision. Each laboratory has its own inherent
SD (for a specific concentration level and analyte-method pair) based on the analytical
process and this SD is not directly related to the round robin program.

The majority of data generated in the round robin program was produced by a selection of
world class laboratories. The SD’s thus generated are more constrained than those that
would be produced across a randomly selected group of laboratories. To produce more
generally achievable SD’s the ‘pooled’ SD’s provided in this report include inter-lab bias.
This ‘one size fits all’ approach may require revision at the discretion of the QC manager
concerned following careful scrutiny of QC control charts.

Table 3 shows Performance Gates calculated for two and three standard deviations. As a
guide these intervals may be regarded as warning or rejection for multiple 2SD outliers, or
rejection for individual 3SD outliers in QC monitoring, although their precise application
should be at the discretion of the QC manager concerned. A second method utilises a 5%
window calculated directly from the certified value. Standard deviation is also shown in
relative percent for one, two and three relative standard deviations (1RSD, 2RSD and
3RSD) to facilitate an appreciation of the magnitude of these numbers and a comparison
with the 5% window. Caution should be exercised when concentration levels approach
lower limits of detection of the analytical methods employed as performance gates
calculated from standard deviations tend to be excessively wide whereas those
determined by the 5% method are too narrow.

Tolerance Limits (ISO Guide 3207) were determined using an analysis of precision errors
method and are considered a conservative estimate of true homogeneity. The meaning of
tolerance limits may be illustrated for zinc (Zn) by 4-acid digestion, where 99% of the time
(1-α=0.99) at least 95% of subsamples (ρ=0.95) will have concentrations lying between
3.56 and 3.70 wt.%. Put more precisely, this means that if the same number of
subsamples were taken and analysed in the same manner repeatedly, 99% of the
tolerance intervals so constructed would cover at least 95% of the total population, and 1%
of the tolerance intervals would cover less than 95% of the total population (ISO Guide
35). Please note that tolerance limits pertain to the homogeneity of the CRM only and
should not be used as control limits for laboratory performance.

The homogeneity of OREAS 136 has also been evaluated in a nested ANOVA of the
round robin program. Each of the twenty four round robin laboratories received six
samples per CRM and these samples were made up of paired samples from three

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 8 of 15
 different, non-adjacent sampling intervals. The purpose of the ANOVA evaluation is to test
that no statistically significant difference exists in the variance between-units to that of the
variance within-units. This allows an assessment of homogeneity across the entire
prepared batch of OREAS 136. The test was performed using the following parameters:

 Null Hypothesis, H0: Between-unit variance is no greater than within-unit variance

(reject H0 if p-value < 0.05);
 Alternative Hypothesis, H1: Between-unit variance is greater than within-unit
variance.

P-values are a measure of probability where values less than 0.05 indicate a greater than
95% probability that the observed differences in within-unit and between-unit variances are
real. The datasets were filtered for both individual and laboratory data set (batch) outliers
prior to the calculation of p-values. This process derived no significant p-values across the
entire 137 certified values.

It is important to note that ANOVA is not an absolute measure of homogeneity. Rather, it

establishes whether or not the analytes are distributed in a similar manner throughout the
packaging run of OREAS 136 and whether the variance between two subsamples from the
same unit is statistically distinguishable to the variance from two subsamples taken from any
two separate units. A reference material therefore, can possess poor absolute homogeneity
yet still pass a relative homogeneity test if the within-unit heterogeneity is large and similar
across all units.

Based on the statistical analysis of the results of the inter-laboratory certification program it
can be concluded that OREAS 136 is fit-for-purpose as a certified reference material (see
‘Intended Use’ below).

Table 3. Pooled-Lab Performance Gates for OREAS 136.

Absolute Standard Deviations Relative Standard Deviations 5% window
Certified
Constituent
Value 2SD 2SD 3SD 3SD
1SD 1RSD 2RSD 3RSD Low High
Low High Low High
4-Acid Digestion
Ag, ppm 151 5 142 160 137 165 3.10% 6.20% 9.30% 143 159
Al, wt.% 4.09 0.273 3.54 4.63 3.27 4.90 6.69% 13.38% 20.06% 3.88 4.29
As, ppm 2145 100 1945 2345 1845 2445 4.66% 9.33% 13.99% 2038 2252
Be, ppm 2.37 0.142 2.09 2.65 1.94 2.79 5.98% 11.96% 17.94% 2.25 2.49
Bi, ppm 6.37 0.75 4.87 7.87 4.12 8.62 11.77% 23.55% 35.32% 6.05 6.69
Ca, wt.% 2.25 0.096 2.06 2.45 1.96 2.54 4.27% 8.55% 12.82% 2.14 2.37
Cd, ppm 102 9 85 120 76 129 8.50% 17.00% 25.50% 97 108
Ce, ppm 92 15 63 121 48 136 15.84% 31.68% 47.53% 87 97
Co, ppm 28.7 2.57 23.5 33.8 21.0 36.4 8.97% 17.93% 26.90% 27.2 30.1
Cr, ppm 35.7 3.6 28.4 42.9 24.8 46.5 10.13% 20.27% 30.40% 33.9 37.4
Cs, ppm 4.56 0.51 3.55 5.58 3.04 6.09 11.13% 22.25% 33.38% 4.34 4.79
Cu, ppm 306 14 279 333 265 346 4.42% 8.83% 13.25% 291 321
Dy, ppm 5.88 0.188 5.50 6.25 5.32 6.44 3.19% 6.39% 9.58% 5.59 6.17
Er, ppm 2.75 0.123 2.51 3.00 2.38 3.12 4.47% 8.94% 13.41% 2.61 2.89
Eu, ppm 3.97 0.363 3.25 4.70 2.88 5.06 9.14% 18.28% 27.42% 3.77 4.17
Fe, wt.% 11.50 0.612 10.28 12.72 9.66 13.34 5.32% 10.65% 15.97% 10.93 12.08
Ga, ppm 12.2 1.5 9.2 15.2 7.7 16.7 12.24% 24.48% 36.72% 11.6 12.8
Note: intervals may appear asymmetric due to rounding.

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 9 of 15
 Table 3 continued.
Absolute Standard Deviations Relative Standard Deviations 5% window
Certified
Constituent
Value 2SD 2SD 3SD 3SD
1SD 1RSD 2RSD 3RSD Low High
Low High Low High
4-Acid Digestion continued
Gd, ppm 7.97 0.668 6.63 9.30 5.97 9.97 8.38% 16.76% 25.14% 7.57 8.37
Hf, ppm 2.50 0.236 2.03 2.98 1.80 3.21 9.42% 18.85% 28.27% 2.38 2.63
Ho, ppm 1.02 0.083 0.86 1.19 0.77 1.27 8.11% 16.21% 24.32% 0.97 1.08
In, ppm 2.12 0.24 1.63 2.61 1.39 2.85 11.52% 23.03% 34.55% 2.01 2.22
K, wt.% 3.61 0.268 3.08 4.15 2.81 4.42 7.42% 14.84% 22.26% 3.43 3.79
La, ppm 46.6 6.0 34.6 58.6 28.6 64.6 12.89% 25.77% 38.66% 44.3 48.9
Li, ppm 38.5 2.30 33.9 43.1 31.6 45.4 5.99% 11.97% 17.96% 36.6 40.4
Lu, ppm 0.32 0.04 0.25 0.40 0.21 0.44 11.84% 23.69% 35.53% 0.31 0.34
Mg, wt.% 0.885 0.066 0.753 1.016 0.687 1.082 7.43% 14.86% 22.29% 0.840 0.929
Mn, wt.% 0.968 0.033 0.901 1.034 0.868 1.067 3.41% 6.83% 10.24% 0.919 1.016
Na, wt.% 0.146 0.010 0.127 0.166 0.117 0.175 6.67% 13.35% 20.02% 0.139 0.153
Nd, ppm 42.8 3.85 35.1 50.5 31.3 54.4 9.00% 18.00% 26.99% 40.7 45.0
Ni, ppm 29.0 2.63 23.7 34.3 21.1 36.9 9.09% 18.18% 27.26% 27.5 30.4
P, wt.% 0.090 0.005 0.080 0.100 0.075 0.105 5.62% 11.23% 16.85% 0.086 0.095
Pb, wt.% 4.76 0.169 4.42 5.10 4.25 5.27 3.55% 7.09% 10.64% 4.52 5.00
Pr, ppm 11.4 0.81 9.8 13.1 9.0 13.9 7.12% 14.24% 21.36% 10.9 12.0
Rb, ppm 168 10 147 189 136 199 6.24% 12.47% 18.71% 159 176
S, wt.% 7.47 0.259 6.95 7.99 6.69 8.25 3.47% 6.94% 10.41% 7.10 7.84
Sb, ppm 96 10 76 116 66 126 10.31% 20.62% 30.92% 91 101
Sc, ppm 6.75 0.75 5.24 8.26 4.49 9.01 11.16% 22.32% 33.48% 6.41 7.09
Sm, ppm 8.48 0.649 7.18 9.77 6.53 10.42 7.65% 15.31% 22.96% 8.05 8.90
Sn, ppm 4.38 0.48 3.42 5.34 2.94 5.82 10.99% 21.98% 32.97% 4.16 4.60
Sr, ppm 151 17 118 184 102 201 10.91% 21.82% 32.73% 144 159
Tb, ppm 1.03 0.056 0.92 1.14 0.86 1.20 5.46% 10.92% 16.38% 0.98 1.08
Th, ppm 7.90 1.37 5.17 10.64 3.80 12.01 17.32% 34.65% 51.97% 7.51 8.30
Ti, wt.% 0.128 0.010 0.108 0.149 0.097 0.160 8.14% 16.27% 24.41% 0.122 0.135
Tl, ppm 29.2 1.11 26.9 31.4 25.8 32.5 3.80% 7.60% 11.40% 27.7 30.6
Tm, ppm 0.34 0.025 0.29 0.39 0.26 0.41 7.41% 14.83% 22.24% 0.32 0.36
U, ppm 8.65 0.471 7.71 9.59 7.24 10.06 5.44% 10.88% 16.32% 8.22 9.08
V, ppm 62 3.6 55 69 51 73 5.78% 11.56% 17.34% 59 65
W, ppm 6.70 0.502 5.70 7.70 5.20 8.21 7.49% 14.98% 22.47% 6.37 7.04
Y, ppm 31.7 2.09 27.5 35.9 25.4 37.9 6.61% 13.22% 19.83% 30.1 33.2
Yb, ppm 2.23 0.156 1.92 2.55 1.77 2.70 6.99% 13.98% 20.97% 2.12 2.35
Zn, wt.% 3.63 0.058 3.52 3.75 3.46 3.81 1.59% 3.18% 4.76% 3.45 3.82
Zr, ppm 86 6.8 73 100 66 106 7.86% 15.72% 23.58% 82 90
Peroxide Fusion ICP
Ag, ppm 147 5 136 158 131 163 3.70% 7.41% 11.11% 140 154
Al, wt.% 4.16 0.103 3.95 4.36 3.85 4.47 2.47% 4.93% 7.40% 3.95 4.37
As, ppm 2214 150 1914 2514 1764 2664 6.78% 13.55% 20.33% 2104 2325
Ba, ppm 4109 186 3736 4482 3550 4668 4.53% 9.07% 13.60% 3903 4314
Be, ppm 2.74 0.48 1.78 3.70 1.30 4.18 17.55% 35.10% 52.65% 2.60 2.87
Ca, wt.% 2.27 0.079 2.12 2.43 2.04 2.51 3.47% 6.94% 10.40% 2.16 2.39
Cd, ppm 112 6 99 124 93 131 5.55% 11.10% 16.66% 106 117
Note: intervals may appear asymmetric due to rounding.

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 10 of 15
 Table 3 continued.
Absolute Standard Deviations Relative Standard Deviations 5% window
Certified
Constituent
Value 2SD 2SD 3SD 3SD
1SD 1RSD 2RSD 3RSD Low High
Low High Low High
Peroxide Fusion ICP continued
Co, ppm 29.0 2.03 25.0 33.1 23.0 35.1 6.99% 13.98% 20.97% 27.6 30.5
Cs, ppm 4.65 0.330 3.99 5.31 3.66 5.64 7.10% 14.20% 21.30% 4.42 4.88
Cu, ppm 305 18 268 341 250 359 5.97% 11.95% 17.92% 289 320
Er, ppm 2.93 0.274 2.38 3.48 2.11 3.75 9.35% 18.71% 28.06% 2.78 3.08
Fe, wt.% 11.51 0.418 10.67 12.35 10.26 12.76 3.63% 7.26% 10.90% 10.93 12.08
La, ppm 54 2.1 50 59 48 61 3.81% 7.63% 11.44% 52 57
Li, ppm 39.9 1.83 36.3 43.6 34.4 45.4 4.57% 9.15% 13.72% 37.9 41.9
Mg, wt.% 0.901 0.035 0.831 0.971 0.796 1.006 3.88% 7.76% 11.65% 0.856 0.946
Mn, wt.% 0.976 0.045 0.886 1.065 0.842 1.110 4.59% 9.18% 13.77% 0.927 1.025
Mo, ppm 8.20 0.98 6.24 10.17 5.26 11.15 11.97% 23.95% 35.92% 7.79 8.61
Nd, ppm 42.8 1.90 39.0 46.6 37.1 48.5 4.44% 8.88% 13.32% 40.7 45.0
P, wt.% 0.092 0.011 0.069 0.115 0.058 0.126 12.45% 24.89% 37.34% 0.087 0.097
Pb, wt.% 4.73 0.119 4.49 4.97 4.37 5.09 2.53% 5.05% 7.58% 4.49 4.96
Rb, ppm 175 8 159 191 151 198 4.55% 9.10% 13.65% 166 183
S, wt.% 7.61 0.194 7.22 7.99 7.03 8.19 2.55% 5.09% 7.64% 7.23 7.99
Sb, ppm 101 7 87 115 79 123 7.11% 14.22% 21.33% 96 106
Si, wt.% 21.36 0.492 20.37 22.34 19.88 22.83 2.30% 4.61% 6.91% 20.29 22.43
Sm, ppm 8.17 0.622 6.93 9.42 6.31 10.04 7.61% 15.22% 22.83% 7.76 8.58
Sr, ppm 167 18 132 203 114 221 10.69% 21.37% 32.06% 159 176
Tb, ppm 1.07 0.16 0.75 1.38 0.60 1.54 14.71% 29.42% 44.14% 1.01 1.12
Th, ppm 8.50 0.521 7.46 9.54 6.93 10.06 6.14% 12.27% 18.41% 8.07 8.92
Ti, wt.% 0.182 0.009 0.164 0.199 0.156 0.207 4.71% 9.43% 14.14% 0.173 0.191
Tl, ppm 28.5 1.10 26.3 30.7 25.2 31.8 3.86% 7.73% 11.59% 27.1 30.0
Tm, ppm 0.40 0.003 0.40 0.41 0.39 0.41 0.65% 1.31% 1.96% 0.38 0.42
U, ppm 8.69 0.371 7.95 9.44 7.58 9.81 4.27% 8.54% 12.82% 8.26 9.13
V, ppm 66 11 43 89 32 100 17.32% 34.63% 51.95% 63 69
W, ppm 6.43 1.06 4.31 8.54 3.26 9.60 16.44% 32.89% 49.33% 6.10 6.75
Y, ppm 35.2 3.40 28.4 42.0 25.0 45.4 9.64% 19.29% 28.93% 33.5 37.0
Yb, ppm 2.36 0.215 1.93 2.79 1.72 3.00 9.10% 18.20% 27.30% 2.24 2.48
Zn, wt.% 3.63 0.094 3.44 3.82 3.35 3.91 2.60% 5.20% 7.80% 3.45 3.81
Aqua Regia Digestion
Ag, ppm 149 5 139 158 134 163 3.19% 6.37% 9.56% 141 156
Al, wt.% 1.13 0.13 0.87 1.38 0.75 1.50 11.17% 22.34% 33.52% 1.07 1.18
As, ppm 2147 108 1930 2364 1822 2473 5.05% 10.10% 15.16% 2040 2254
Bi, ppm 6.32 0.75 4.83 7.81 4.08 8.55 11.80% 23.59% 35.39% 6.00 6.63
Ca, wt.% 2.14 0.107 1.92 2.35 1.81 2.46 5.02% 10.04% 15.06% 2.03 2.24
Cd, ppm 101 9 83 118 74 127 8.78% 17.56% 26.34% 96 106
Ce, ppm 88 10 67 108 57 118 11.60% 23.20% 34.79% 83 92
Co, ppm 26.8 1.59 23.6 30.0 22.0 31.6 5.91% 11.83% 17.74% 25.5 28.1
Cr, ppm 20.1 1.83 16.5 23.8 14.6 25.6 9.10% 18.21% 27.31% 19.1 21.1
Cs, ppm 2.58 0.144 2.29 2.86 2.14 3.01 5.59% 11.19% 16.78% 2.45 2.70
Cu, ppm 310 8 293 327 285 335 2.69% 5.38% 8.07% 295 326
Eu, ppm 3.63 0.47 2.70 4.56 2.23 5.03 12.85% 25.70% 38.55% 3.45 3.81
Note: intervals may appear asymmetric due to rounding.

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 11 of 15
 Table 3 continued.
Absolute Standard Deviations Relative Standard Deviations 5% window
Certified
Constituent
Value 2SD 2SD 3SD 3SD
1SD 1RSD 2RSD 3RSD Low High
Low High Low High
Aqua Regia Digestion continued
Fe, wt.% 11.12 0.508 10.10 12.13 9.59 12.64 4.57% 9.15% 13.72% 10.56 11.67
Ga, ppm 5.70 0.85 4.00 7.41 3.14 8.26 14.95% 29.90% 44.85% 5.42 5.99
Hg, ppm 1.70 0.126 1.45 1.95 1.32 2.08 7.41% 14.81% 22.22% 1.61 1.78
In, ppm 1.92 0.187 1.54 2.29 1.36 2.48 9.77% 19.53% 29.30% 1.82 2.01
La, ppm 43.0 7.1 28.8 57.1 21.8 64.2 16.45% 32.91% 49.36% 40.8 45.1
Li, ppm 25.6 2.38 20.8 30.3 18.4 32.7 9.32% 18.64% 27.95% 24.3 26.9
Lu, ppm 0.20 0.03 0.13 0.27 0.10 0.30 16.61% 33.21% 49.82% 0.19 0.21
Mg, wt.% 0.743 0.047 0.649 0.836 0.603 0.882 6.27% 12.55% 18.82% 0.705 0.780
Mn, wt.% 0.876 0.029 0.817 0.935 0.788 0.964 3.35% 6.70% 10.05% 0.832 0.920
Mo, ppm 7.04 0.630 5.78 8.30 5.15 8.93 8.96% 17.91% 26.87% 6.68 7.39
Na, wt.% 0.028 0.004 0.019 0.037 0.015 0.041 15.46% 30.93% 46.39% 0.027 0.029
Nd, ppm 40.3 3.35 33.6 47.0 30.3 50.4 8.31% 16.62% 24.92% 38.3 42.4
Ni, ppm 28.4 3.5 21.4 35.5 17.9 39.0 12.35% 24.71% 37.06% 27.0 29.8
P, wt.% 0.090 0.006 0.079 0.102 0.073 0.107 6.37% 12.73% 19.10% 0.086 0.095
Pb, wt.% 4.78 0.129 4.53 5.04 4.40 5.17 2.71% 5.41% 8.12% 4.55 5.02
Pr, ppm 9.98 1.44 7.10 12.87 5.66 14.31 14.44% 28.88% 43.32% 9.48 10.48
Rb, ppm 45.5 6.8 31.8 59.1 25.0 66.0 15.03% 30.06% 45.09% 43.2 47.7
S, wt.% 7.54 0.339 6.86 8.22 6.52 8.56 4.50% 8.99% 13.49% 7.16 7.92
Sb, ppm 83 13 58 109 45 121 15.25% 30.49% 45.74% 79 87
Sc, ppm 3.44 0.55 2.34 4.53 1.80 5.07 15.90% 31.79% 47.69% 3.26 3.61
Sn, ppm 3.69 0.46 2.76 4.62 2.30 5.08 12.55% 25.10% 37.64% 3.50 3.87
Sr, ppm 32.4 6.4 19.6 45.2 13.2 51.7 19.76% 39.52% 59.27% 30.8 34.1
Tb, ppm 0.94 0.18 0.58 1.30 0.40 1.48 19.07% 38.15% 57.22% 0.90 0.99
Te, ppm 0.18 0.03 0.12 0.24 0.09 0.27 17.33% 34.65% 51.98% 0.17 0.19
Th, ppm 7.71 0.85 6.01 9.42 5.16 10.27 11.03% 22.06% 33.10% 7.33 8.10
Ti, wt.% 0.025 0.002 0.020 0.029 0.017 0.032 10.05% 20.10% 30.16% 0.023 0.026
Tl, ppm 7.41 1.34 4.74 10.09 3.40 11.43 18.06% 36.13% 54.19% 7.04 7.79
U, ppm 7.65 0.313 7.03 8.28 6.72 8.59 4.09% 8.18% 12.26% 7.27 8.04
V, ppm 31.5 3.4 24.8 38.3 21.4 41.7 10.74% 21.47% 32.21% 30.0 33.1
W, ppm 5.76 0.455 4.85 6.67 4.40 7.13 7.90% 15.79% 23.69% 5.47 6.05
Y, ppm 25.9 1.97 21.9 29.8 19.9 31.8 7.63% 15.26% 22.89% 24.6 27.2
Yb, ppm 1.49 0.19 1.10 1.87 0.91 2.07 13.01% 26.01% 39.02% 1.41 1.56
Zn, wt.% 3.58 0.140 3.30 3.86 3.16 4.00 3.91% 7.83% 11.74% 3.40 3.76
Zr, ppm 25.7 5.0 15.7 35.8 10.7 40.8 19.51% 39.02% 58.53% 24.5 27.0
Infrared Combustion
C, wt.% 2.89 0.076 2.74 3.04 2.66 3.12 2.62% 5.23% 7.85% 2.74 3.03
S, wt.% 7.81 0.148 7.51 8.10 7.36 8.25 1.90% 3.80% 5.70% 7.42 8.20
Note: intervals may appear asymmetric due to rounding.

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 12 of 15
 PARTICIPATING LABORATORIES

1. Actlabs, Ancaster, Ontario, Canada

2. ALS, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
3. ALS, Lima, Peru
4. ALS, Loughrea, Galway, Ireland
5. ALS, Perth, WA, Australia
6. ALS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
7. Bureau Veritas Commodities Canada Ltd, Vancouver, BC, Canada
8. Bureau Veritas Geoanalytical, Adelaide, SA, Australia
9. Bureau Veritas Geoanalytical, Perth, WA, Australia
10. Inspectorate (BV), Lima, Peru
11. Intertek Genalysis, Perth, WA, Australia
12. Intertek Testing Services Philippines, Cupang, Muntinlupa, Philippines
13. Laboratorio Stewart-Blaitt LTDA, Santiago, Chile
14. LCT, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
15. MinAnalytical Services, Perth, WA, Australia
16. PT Geoservices Ltd, Cikarang, Jakarta Raya, Indonesia
17. PT Intertek Utama Services, Jakarta Timur, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
18. SGS Australia Mineral Services, Perth, WA, Australia
19. SGS del Peru, Lima, Peru
20. SGS Lakefield Research Ltd, Lakefield, Ontario, Canada
21. SGS Mineral Services, Townsville, QLD, Australia
22. Shiva Analyticals Ltd, Bangalore North, Karnataka, India
23. UIS Analytical Services, Centurion , South Africa
24. Zarazma Mineral Studies Company, Tehran, Iran

PREPARER AND SUPPLIER

Certified reference material OREAS 136 is prepared, certified and supplied by:

ORE Research & Exploration Pty Ltd Tel: +613-9729 0333

37A Hosie Street Fax: +613-9729 8338
Bayswater North VIC 3153 Web: www.ore.com.au
AUSTRALIA Email: info@ore.com.au

It is packaged under nitrogen in unit sizes of 10g (single-use laminated foil pouches).

INTENDED USE
OREAS 136 is intended for the following uses:
 for the monitoring of laboratory performance in the analysis of analytes reported in
Table 1 in geological samples;

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 13 of 15
  for the verification of analytical methods for analytes reported in Table 1;
 for the calibration of instruments used in the determination of the concentration
of analytes reported in Table 1.

STABILITY AND STORAGE INSTRUCTIONS

OREAS 136 has been prepared from primary sulphide bearing ores from the Dugald River
deposit. It contains reactive sulphide (7.8% S) and has been packaged under a nitrogen
environment (single use laminated foil pouches). In its unopened state and under normal
conditions of storage the CRM has a shelf life beyond ten years. Its stability will be
monitored at regular intervals and purchasers notified if any changes are observed.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CORRECT USE

The certified values for OREAS 136 refer to the concentration level in its packaged state. It
should not be dried prior to weighing and analysis.

HANDLING INSTRUCTIONS
Fine powders pose a risk to eyes and lungs and therefore standard precautions such as
the use of safety glasses and dust masks are advised.

TRACEABILITY
The analytical samples were selected in a manner to represent the entire batch of
prepared CRM. This ‘representivity’ was maintained in each submitted laboratory sample
batch and ensures the user that the data is traceable from sample selection through to the
analytical results that underlie the consensus values. Each analytical data set has been
validated by its assayer through the inclusion of internal reference materials and QC
checks during analysis. The laboratories were chosen on the basis of their competence
(from past performance in inter-laboratory programs) for a particular analytical method,
analyte or analyte suite, and sample matrix. Most of these laboratories have and maintain
ISO 17025 accreditation. The certified values presented in this report are calculated from
the means of accepted data following robust statistical treatment as detailed in this report.

LEGAL NOTICE
Ore Research & Exploration Pty Ltd has prepared and statistically evaluated the property
values of this reference material to the best of its ability. The Purchaser by receipt hereof
releases and indemnifies Ore Research & Exploration Pty Ltd from and against all liability
and costs arising from the use of this material and information.

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 14 of 15
 QMS ACCREDITED
ORE Pty Ltd is accredited to ISO 9001:2015 by Lloyd’s Register Quality Assurance Ltd for
its quality management system including development, manufacturing, certification and
supply of CRMs.

CERTIFYING OFFICER

11th January, 2018

Craig Hamlyn (B.Sc. Hons - Geology), Technical Manager - ORE P/L

REFERENCES
ISO Guide 30 (2015), Terms and definitions used in connection with reference materials.
ISO Guide 31 (2015), Reference materials – Contents of certificates and labels.
ISO Guide 3207 (1975), Statistical interpretation of data - Determination of a statistical
tolerance interval.
ISO Guide 35 (2017), Certification of reference materials - General and statistical
principals.

COA-1239-OREAS136 Page: 15 of 15