Learning Activity

SCIENC
Sheets in grade
fo Nine
Quarter 1 – week 1r

THE HUMAN
HEART
 General Reminders:
1. Make use of these learning activity sheets to enhance learning.
2. Use this activity sheets with CARE.
3. Read the directions carefully before doing each task.
4. Let your parents/guardian return this activity sheet to the agreed place once you’re
done with it.
5. Always practice IATF protocols at all times.

Objectives
Students will be able to describe how blood is pumped by the heart; explain mechanism of
how respiratory and circulatory systems work together; enumerate ways on how to take care
of our heart and prevention of acquiring diseases.

Competency
 Explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to transport
nutrients, gases, and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body.
S9LT-la-b-26

For the Learner:

Welcome to Science 9 - Self-Learning Module on The Human Heart!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents
of the learning material while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills that you will learn after
completing the module.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts and skills that you
already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the lesson.

Test Yourself - This measures how much you have learned from the entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS
This module is designed and written to help you master the lesson how blood is
pumped by the heart and describe the mechanism of how respiratory and circulatory systems
work together. It has prepared to provide activities for reinforcement, strengthening and
enriching knowledge and skills. The skills in this module cover all the most essential learning
competencies in the list issued by the Department of Education. This module uses different and
interesting approaches, strategies, and techniques to further hone scientific understanding of
the learners. The module is about on how blood is pumped by the heart and describes the
mechanism of how respiratory and circulatory systems work together.

RECAP
During our last lesson, we have discussed about blood and its components, can you
identify the picture below and briefly describe its role in the circulatory system.

55%
1%
44%
That was great! You do remember our lesson last time. Today we will more about the heart,
the most amazing part of the circulatory system.
 LESSON

How many of you

know this place? Have you tried
going up to this area using the
stairs? Imagine that you will be
visiting this place to have lunch.
What do you think will happen
to your heartbeat after taking
the stairs? Absolutely! You will
be gasping for your breath and
your heartbeat becomes faster, it
is like you had a rigorous
JYNS POINT VIEW INOPACAN,
exercise after taking the stairs to
go up. Note that the normal pulse rate of an adult is 60 to 100 beats per minute.
The heart is the muscular organ
that pumps blood to the different parts of
the body. The center of the circulatory
system is the heart, which is the main
pumping mechanism. The heart is made
of muscle. The heart is shaped
something like a cone, with a pointed
bottom and a round top. It is hollow so
that it can fill up with blood. An adult’s
heart is about the size of a large orange
and weighs a little less than a pound.
It is located in the middle of the
chest. It fits snugly between the two
lungs. It is held in place by the blood
vessels that carry the blood to and from
its chambers. Its tip is slightly tilted
toward the left. Every time the heart
beats it goes “thump” against the chest
wall. You can feel the thumps if you
press there with your hand. You can also
listen to them with your ear.
Your heart is actually made up of two pumps placed side by side- one to your right and
one to your left. The whole muscular organ is surrounded by a protective membrane called
pericardium. There are four chambers inside your heart. The upper thin-walled chambers are
the right atria and left atria (sing.atrium).These atria are the collecting chambers of your
heart. The right atrium (RA) receives oxygen-poor blood from the vena cava, a large vein while
the left atrium receives blood from the pulmonary veins.

The lower thick-walled chambers are the ventricles. These are the pumping chambers of
your heart. They move blood around your body. The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs
for oxygenation, while the left ventricle pumps oxygen rich blood to all parts of the body.

The heart chambers vary in thickness. This difference is due to variations in the amount
of myocardium present, which reflects the amount of force each chamber is required to generate
in order to bring blood toward their destination. Blood passing through these four chambers are
protected from backflow by valves. Valves are flaps of muscles that prevent blood from back
flowing. There are two sets of valves—the atrioventricular valves and the pulmonary valves- work
to ensure that blood will move only in one direction. The atrioventricular valves, are also known
as the cuspid valves, they are located between the atria and ventricles. The semilunar valves are
located at the base of the large vessels the ventricles.
 The right atrioventricular valve is the tricuspid valve; while the left atrioventricular valve
is the bicuspid or mitral valve. The valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery is
the pulmonary semilunar valve. The valve between the left ventricle and the aorta is the aortic
semilunar valve.
When the ventricles
contract, the atrioventricular
valves are closed to prevent blood
from flowing back into the atria.
When the ventricles relax, the
semilunar valves close to prevent
blood from flowing back into the
ventricles. The pumping tubes or
vessels to and from the heart
consists of large arteries and
veins. Deoxygenated or oxygen-
poor blood is carried into the
right side of your heart by two
large veins or vena cavae. The
superior vena cava (SVC) is
located at the upper part of your
heart and brings blood from your
head and arms. The inferior
vena cava(IVC) is located at the
lower part of your heart and
brings blood from the lower parts
of the body. The pulmonary artery
(PA) carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of your heart to the lungs. The
pulmonary vein (PV) brings back oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of your
heart.

Transport of Gases in the Body

The circulatory system and the respiratory
system work closely together to ensure that
organ tissues receive enough oxygen.
Oxygen is required for cellular functions.
The air breathed in and held in the lungs is
transferred to the blood. The blood is
circulated by the heart, which pumps the
oxygenated blood from the lungs to the
body. Additionally, the two body systems
work together to remove carbon dioxide,
which is a metabolic waste product. As the
blood moves throughout the entire body, it
follows two circuits or pathways: the
pulmonary pathway and the systemic
pathway. The process of gas exchange in
the body is like solving a problem in
MATHEMATICS, it should follow constant rules and steps to arrive at a sound answer and
product. One potential mistake will deter the whole process.
Pulmonary Circulation
The contraction of the right ventricle of your
heart forces the blood into the pulmonary
artery. This venous blood, loaded with carbon
dioxide, enters your lungs, passing through
capillaries. It gives up carbon dioxide taken from
the body cells and receives a fresh supply of
oxygen. This arterial blood then passes through
the pulmonary veins into the left chamber of
your heart. The circulation, therefore involves the lungs as the oxygen supplier of blood coming
from your body and your heart. Pulmonary circulation therefore, transports oxygen-poor blood
from the ventricle to the lungs, where blood picks up the new blood supply. Then it returns to
the oxygen-rich blood to the left atrium.

Systemic Circulation
Systemic circulation involves the
heart, blood vessels, and all body
parts. The systemic circulation
provides the functional blood
supply to all body tissue. It carries
oxygen and nutrients to the cells
and picks up carbon dioxide and
waste products. It carries
oxygenated blood from the left
ventricle, through the arteries, to
the capillaries in the tissues of the
body. From the tissue capillaries,
the deoxygenated blood returns
through a system of veins to the
right atrium of the heart.

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY NUMBER 1: The Heart

Directions: A. Identify the parts of the heart. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1.

2.
1
3.

4.
10
2 5.
9 6.
3 7.
8
4 8.
7
5 9.

10.
6
B. Fill in the table below by giving the function/s of each part of the human heart.
PARTS FUNCTION
1. Left and right atria
2. Left and right ventricle
3. Artery
4. Vein
5. Aorta
6. Pulmonary vein
7. Pulmonary artery
8. Septum
9. Bicuspid valve
10. Mitral valve
 ACTIVITY NUMBER 2: Blood Flow through the Heart
Directions: Supply the missing term to have a sound understanding of the flow of blood in
the pulmonary circulation. You can get your answers from the key below. Some terms can be
used twice in answering.
TRICUSPID RIGHT ATRIUM AORTA RIGHT VENTRICLE
AORTIC BICUSPID LUNGS
ALL PARTS OF
LEFT ATRIUM PULMONIC VENA CAVA
THE BODY
LEFT VENTRICLE PULMONARY ARTERY PULMONARY VEINS

Blood coming from all parts of the body is received by the ______________ of the heart by way
of the blood vessel called _______________. Contraction of the right atrium send blood to the
__________________. At this point, the _______________ valves are open. Contraction of the right
ventricle forces blood to the ___________________ for oxygenation by way of the
_________________. At this point, the __________________ valves are open, while the
_____________ valves are closed to prevent the back flow of blood in the right atrium. From the
lungs, oxygenated blood goes back to the ____________________ of the heart via the blood
vessels called _____________________ Contraction of the left atrium forces blood to the
__________________. At this point, the ______________________ are open. Contraction of the left
ventricle pumps blood to the ___________________ by way of the ______________________, the
largest artery. At this point, the __________________ valves are open while
the___________________ are closed to prevent the backflow of blood in the left atrium.

WRAP – UP

Instructions: Fill in the balloons with correct responses to complete the concept map.

CHAMBERS ARTERIES

PARTS

BLOOD

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

FUNCTIONS

WHITE BC

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
CONCEPTUAL MAP
 VALUING
Go to the kitchen sink in your house. Turn on
the faucet so that water flows smoothly. Then
cover half the opening of the faucet with your finger. What do
you notice about the pressure or force of the water coming
out of the faucet? If you don’t have faucet at home, you can
use plastic bottle with water.
Think of the faucet as a blood vessel. When it is clogged
(usually with fatty deposits), the pressure of the blood increases,
this causes blood to surge downward because it is forcing itself
through a small opening. This pressure is too much for the
tissues of the body. Sooner or later, damage can occur. Blood
pressure also increases when there is an increase in the pumping action of the heart. In the example, this
is similar to attaching a pump to the water pipe. Even if the blood vessel is wide enough, if the heart is
pumping too strongly, hypertension still occurs, leading to organ damage. A stressful life can increase the
pumping action of the heart. This is the reason why relaxation is important.
Heart Attack
Mr. Jose was 60 years old. He was fond of eating
fatty foods, although he did not really get fat. Mr. Jose
stayed home most of the time and hated exercise. One
day, he suddenly felt a squeezing pain in his chest. He
perspired profusely and was unable to breathe. He lost
consciousness. By the time he was brought to a hospital,
it was already too late.
Moral Lesson: If Mr. Jose respected himself (his body) by
choosing a healthy lifestyle and diet, he could have avoided a heart attack. We have to remember that
RESPECT is a two-way street, if you want to get it, you’ve got to give it. And that was one of the relevance
of taking ESP subject seriously, wherein it heightened the need to strengthen the morals of everyone.
Note: We have to be very cautious when you have heart disease since you are considered vulnerable to
COVID-19.

TEST YOURSELF
I. Instructions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system?
a. transporting nerve impulses throughout the body
b. governing nutrient concentration in the blood
c. transporting nutrients to body cells
d. mounting a response to invading microorganisms
2. Myocardial infarction, also called a heart attack,
a. is caused by excessive blood pressure in the heart.
b. actually causes no permanent damage to the heart.
c. is unrelated to cigarette smoking.
d. is the damage or death of cardiac muscle tissue.
3. Which of the following can contribute to high blood pressure?
a. regular exercise c. smoking
b. eating a heart-healthy diet d. maintaining proper weight
4. In mammals, blood returning from the head will pass through the ________ just before entering the right
atrium.
a. left atrium c. inferior vena cava
b. superior vena cava d. aorta
5. In mammals, which of the following vessels transports oxygenated blood from the lung back to the heart?
a. pulmonary artery c. vena
b. pulmonary vein d. coronary artery

Bonus Task:
Using mobile phone record video that shows your own ways on how to maintain a healthy heart. Send
your recorded video in our group chat. If mobile phone and internet is impossible, you can write your