PART 5 + 6

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NOUNS
What is a noun? Types of nouns

Nouns
Mother, house, air
Noun Noun Noun

Countable Uncountable
A noun is a word that refers to a Nouns Nouns

person, a thing, an animal, a place, a

Singular Plural
quality, or an activity.
Nouns Nouns

 Forms of nouns
Words ending in such suffixes as –ion, -sion, -ness, -ance, -ence, -ment, -ity are usually nouns.
-tion Production
-ness Willingness
-ence Difference
-ment Agreement
-ity Security
CHECK UP

Pick out the nouns in the following word.

(A) Development (C) Activity (E) Importance
(B) Depressed (D) Suggest (F) Useless
Nouns are mainly words with suffixes like –ance, -ment, -ity.
Answer: (A), (C), (E)

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 Countable nouns and uncountable nouns
Countable nouns to people or things that can be counted (for example: desk, house, teacher), whereas
uncountable nouns refer to people or things that cannot be counted (for example: air, love).
Countable Nouns People or things in general desk, cup, teacher, family
Uncountable Nouns Names of people or places Korea, New York, Tom
that are unique water, air, coffee, gold
Shapeless things beauty peace, love, hope
Abstract concepts
They / are / designers. Ms. Parker / comes from / Canada.
Countable noun Uncountable noun

CHECK UP

Which of the following is the uncountable nouns?

(A) Director (B) Water (C) Computer
Water is an uncountable noun because water cannot be counted. Answer: (B)

 How to distinguish between singular and plural countable nouns

When talking about just one person, animal, place, or thing, we use singular countable nouns.

When talking about two or more people, animals, places, or things, we have to make countable
nouns plural. Plural nouns usually end in –s. For example:

Singular: document Plural: documents

Special cases of plural nouns:

Nouns ending in –ch, -s,-sh, -x Add –es Bus → buses, dish → dishes
Nouns ending in a consonant + Change –y to –i and City → cities, factory →factories
-y add –es
Nouns ending in –f, -fe Change –f or –fe to –v Half → halves, wife → wives
and add –es
Irregular nouns Change the spelling Man → men, foot → feet
CHECK UP

Which of the following in the parentheses is the correct form of plural noun?
Most people prefer to live in big (citys/cities).
With nouns ending in a consonant + -y, we change –y to –i, then add –es.

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 Positions of Nouns

My favorite dessert is ice cream. It is because sweeten makes me feel better.

Dessert is a noun; therefore, it can be the subject of the sentences. Sweeten is not a noun,
so it cannot come in the subject position.

 Positions of nouns

Nouns can be subjects, objects, or complements of sentences.

Subject: The location/is/ideal/for the office.

Object: We/had/a discussion/about the news.
Complement: Mr. Manning/is/a journalist.

Nouns basically follow articles, possessives, or adjectives.

After an article: Mr. Cooper/is/the host/of today’s seminar.

Article

After a possessive: She/accepted/my advice.

Possessive

After an adjective: Our firm/underwent/remarkable changes.

Adjective

 Parts of speech that cannot come in the positions of nouns

Verbs and adjectives cannot come in where nouns should be.
We / got / a positive (respond, response) / from customers.
Verb (X) Noun (O)
A noun should follow the adjective positive and functions as an object of the verb got. A
verb cannot be put in this position.
The (informative, information) /about this program/is/helpful.
Adjective (X) Noun (O)

An adjective cannot function as a subject and follow the article the. Instead, a noun is
needed. In the example, information is the correct option.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Our company strengthened (security, secure) by hiring more guards.
02 The (grow, growth) of the IT market was larger than expected.
03 Oil companies earned (profits, profitable) during the recent quarter.
04 It is an (advantage, advantageous) to have experience in a related field.
05 The supervisor will examine her (apply, application).
06 The movie drew widespread (criticism, criticize).
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 This is a ………. of recent comments from 09 The book was released after it got final
our product users. ………. from the author.
(A) summarize (C) summarizes (A) approved (C) approve
(B) summary (D) summarized (B) approving (D) approval

08 Interviewees normally have a fear of 10 Once the ………. of the parking lot is
………. . completed, visitors will have no problem
(A) rejection (C) rejected parking their cars.
(B) rejecting (D) to reject (A) construction (C) constructive
(B) construct (D) constructing

Vocabulary

01 strengthen /ˈstrɛŋkθ(ə)n/ 04 related /rɪˈleɪtɪd/ 09 release /rɪˈliːs/

hire /ˈhʌɪə/ field /fiːld/ author /ˈɔːθə/
02 IT (=Information Technology) 05 examine /ɪɡˈzamɪn/ 10 parking lot
expect /ɪkˈspɛkt/ 06widespread/ˈwʌɪdsprɛd/ complete /kəmˈpliːt/
03 earn /əːn/ 07 comment /ˈkɒmɛnt/
recent /ˈriːs(ə)nt/ 08 fear /fɪə/
quarter /ˈk(w)ɔːtə/

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 Countable Nouns and Uncountable Nouns

There are boys in the classroom. /There is sugar in the coffee.

Boy is countable noun and can be used in the plural form, whereas sugar is an uncountable
noun and cannot be used in the plural form.
In English, -s/-es is added to a countable noun to form the plural form. An uncountable noun
does not have the plural form.

 Countable and uncountable nouns

When used in a singular form, a countable noun is preceded by the article a/an and –s/-es can be
added to it to form a plural noun.
a/an + countable noun: Patrick/bought/ (camera, a camera) / recently.
Countable noun + -s/-es: (Document, Documents) / covered / the desk.
An uncountable noun is not preceded by the article a/an and does not have the plural form.
a/an + uncountable noun: We /need/to order/(a stationery, stationery).
Uncountable noun + -s/-es: The company/installed/new (machineries, machinery).

 Identifying countable and uncountable nouns

Some countable nouns may look like uncountable nouns and vice versa.
Countable nouns Uncountable noun
Agreement Representative Access Information
Discount Result Advice Luggage
Month Standard Baggage News
Price Statement Equipment Staff
Refund Workplace Furniture Stationery

Bulk purchases / are eligible / for a discount.

Article Countable noun
The technician / repairs / broken equipment.
Uncountable noun

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Diana obtained (access, accesses) to classified files.
02 The supplier has many different models of (furnitures, furniture).
03 Mr. Anderson has received some (advice, advices) from his co-workers.
04 Jennifer will stay in Hong Kong for (a month, month) to hire more engineers.
05 He complained to the airline officials about his lost (luggages, luggage).
06 The partners failed to reach (an agreement, agreement).
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 This article will discuss the ………. of the 09 If you have question regarding your
new commercial law. purchase, please provide our staff with the
(A) implicates (C) implicating relevant ………. .
(B) implicated (D) implications (A) informed (C) inform
(B) information (D) informations
08 The director has asked us to send monthly 10 ………. of labor union met with
………. to Ms. Shriver in the finance management to discuss the contract for the
department. next year.
(A) statements (C) states (A) Represent (C) Representative
(B) statement (D) state (B) Representing (D) Representatives

Vocabulary

01 obtain /əbˈteɪn/ 06 partner /ˈpɑːtnə/ 09 regarding /rɪˈɡɑːdɪŋ/

classified /ˈklasɪfʌɪd/ 07 article /ˈɑːtɪk(ə)l/ purchase /ˈpəːtʃɪs/
02 supplier /səˈplʌɪə/ discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ relevant /ˈrɛləv(ə)nt/
03 receive /rɪˈsiːv/ commercial /kəˈməːʃ(ə)l/ 10 labor union
co-worker /kəʊˈwəːkə/ law /lɔː/ management /ˈmanɪdʒm(ə)nt/
04 engineer /ɛndʒɪˈnɪə/ 08 director /dɪˈrɛktə/
05 complain /kəmˈpleɪn/ finance /fʌɪˈnans/

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 Numeric Expressions before Nouns

If you read many books, you can gain much knowledge.

In English, different numeric expressions can come before countable and uncountable nouns.

 Numeric expressions before nouns

Below are some numeric expressions that can come before countable and uncountable nouns.
Numeric expressions before Numeric expressions before
countable nouns only uncountable nouns only
Each A few One of the Much
Every Few Both A little
Another Fewer A number of Little
Many Several A variety of Less
There /were / (much, many ) people / at the festival.
Countable noun
This copier / causes / (fewer, less) trouble / than the old one.
Uncountable noun

 Numeric expressions before singular and plural countable nouns

Different numeric expressions can come before singular and plural countable nouns.
Numeric expressions before Numeric expressions before
singular countable nouns plural countable nouns

Each Many/a lot of One of the Most

Every A few Both Some
Another Few A number of All
Several A variety of Other
Factory workers / checked / each (items, item).
Plural (x) Singular (o)
This museum / has / many (exhibit, exhibits).
Singular (x) Plural (o)

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 The committee interviewed one of the (candidate, candidates) this morning.
02 (Several, Every) calculators were found to be defective.
03 (Another, Some) staff members will attend the seminar tomorrow.
04 The policy change caused (much, many) debate.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.
05 Recent studies have found that there are a 06 ………. franchises comply with strict rules
number of ………. why customers prefer on structure and operations.
placing orders online. (A) Another (C) Most
(A) reasons (C) reasoning (B) Much (D) Little
(B) reason (D) reasoned

Questions 1-4 refer to the following email.

From: Future Electronics
To: All our valued customers
Subject: Opening hours during holidays
Dear valued customers,
As always, we appreciate your ---1.--- support and strive to bring you the best products at the
most competitive prices and excellent customer service.
As the holidays approach, we are working ---2.--- to make sure your loved ones get the gifts
they most desire by extending our business hours during the holidays. All Future Electronics
stores will stay open ---3.--- midnight starting in December and from December 23rd to the
24th, all stores will remain open overnight. Stores will be closed on the 25th, and will open at
7 am on the 26th until midnight. After that, we will return to regular shopping hours. ---4.---
Thank you for your support and happy holidays,
Future Electronics

1. (A) continue 3. (A) for

(B) continued (B) to
(C) continues (C) since
(D) continuing (D) until

2. (A) overtime 4. (A) We hope that your time with us was enjoyable.
(B) additional (B) We plan to continue the remodeling after the new year.
(C) extra (C) We apologize in advance for any inconvenience this may
(D) increased cause you.
(D) We hope you take advantage of the extended hours.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 The hotel consists (of, by, with) eighty-seven rooms.
02 The show’s direct approach will appeal (to, of, on) children.
03 Please (provide, inform, equip) us of any changes in your circumstances.
04 The hotel (equips, compares, provides) guests with a complimentary breakfast.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.
05 Car emissions ………. for 40 percent of 06 Mr. Keynes retired last year in order to
air pollution. concentrate ………. writing a book.
(A) account (C) defeat (A) on (C) at
(B) take (D) care (B) for (D) in

Question 1-4 refer to the following e-mail.

From: Al Smith <asmith@cmail.com>
To: Colleagues in New Dawn Corporation <ndc@newdawncorp.com>
Date: August 15
Subject: Farewell
Dear All,
After spending five fruitful years in New Dawn Corp., I am bidding farewell next week to this
company to pursue other career opportunities. Today is my last day at work, and as I leave, I
--- 1 --- like to take a moment to thank you all for the wonderful memories you helped me
make here.
As this was my first job, every moment I ---2--- here has been a learning experience.
I was a newcomer and my seniors were patient with me and helped me learn every nuance of
the job. I will ---3--- remain indebted to them. I will miss my dear team members who made
working in this place enjoyable and refreshing.
Once again, I really appreciate your supports and encouragement and ---4.---
Sincerely,
AI Smith

1. (A) could 3. (A) always

(B) might (B) rarely
(C) will (C) sometimes
(D) would (D) almost always

2. (A) spend 4. (A) I hope you will have a nice trip

(B) spending (B) I wish you good luck on everything in the future
(C) spent (C) I wish you a merry Christmas and happy new year
(D) had spending (D) I hope you will have a good time with your friend

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PRONOUNS
☺☺☺ Fun with Basic Grammar
What is a pronoun? Types of pronouns
I like my uncle because he is knowledgeable.
Pronoun (he = my uncle)
Pronouns

He is used to avoid the repetition of my uncle.

Words used to replace nouns or names in order Personal Possessive Reflexive Demonstrative Indefinite
Pronouns Pronouns Pronouns Pronouns Pronouns

to avoid repetition are called pronouns.

 Personal pronouns
Personal pronouns refer to “grammatical persons” showing a specific person or thing by using words
such as he, him, she, her, you, etc. They vary in form depending on their function in a sentence. Personal
pronouns used as subjects are subjective pronouns; personal pronouns used as objects are objective
pronouns.
Function Subjective Objective
Person/ Number/ Gender Pronoun Pronoun
Singular I Me
1st Person
Plural We Us
Singular You You
2nd Person
Plural You You
Male He Him
Singular Female She Her
3rd Person
Thing It It
Plural They Them
CHECK UP

Identify the personal pronoun(s) in the following sentence.

You should contact him for your question.
(A) (B) (C)

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Possessive pronouns
Possessive pronouns are used to substitute a group of words that are indicating a possession relation.
Subjective pronoun Possessive pronoun
I Mine
You Yours
This / is / your disk / and / that / is / mine.
He His
Possessive pronoun
She Hers
Theirs / will be delivered / tomorrow.
We Ours
Possessive pronoun
You Yours
They Theirs

CHECK UP
Which of the following words fits the sentence?
You can borrow my book as long as you remember that it’s not _______
(A) your (B) yours
→ A possessive pronoun must stand in the place of your book. Answer: (B)
Reflexive pronouns
We use the reflexive pronouns to indicate that the person who realizes the action of the verb is the
same person who receives the action.
Subjective pronoun Reflexive pronoun
Singular I Myself I / cut/ my hair / myself.
You Yourself Reflexive pronoun
He Himself
She Herself We/defended/ourselves/brilliantly
It Itself Reflexive pronoun
Plural We Ourselves
You Yourselves
They Themselves

CHECK UP
Which of the following words fits the sentence?
John talks to _______ when he is nervous.
(A) himself (B) him
→ In this sentence himself refers to John.

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Demonstrative pronouns
A demonstrative pronoun refers to or identifies a noun or a pronoun. This/These refers to thing(s) or
person(s) that is/are near the speaker, whereas that/those refers to father thing(s) or person(s).
Besides, this/these and that/those are also used for referring to (a) thing(s) or person(s) that has/have
already been mentioned.
This/these
That/those

This / is / my desk. Those / are / expensive.

Demonstrative pronoun Demonstrative pronoun

CHECK UP
Which of the following words fits the sentence?
_______ are my best friends.
(A) This (B) These
→ This refers to singular nouns; these refer to plural nouns. Answer: (B)

 Indefinite pronouns
Indefinite pronouns are those that are used when the speaker does not refer to particular person or
thing, for example somebody, something.
all each
both some

Both / are / nice. He / checked / each of the reports.

Indefinite pronoun Indefinite pronoun

CHECK UP
Which of the following in the parentheses is the correct choice?
(Each/All) of the students are doing the final exam.
→ All is a plural pronoun; that is the correct subject of the verb are.
Answer: All

Personal Pronouns, Possessive Pronouns, and Reflexive Pronouns

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 I like you.
I is used as a subjective pronoun and you is used as an objective pronoun. Depending
♥
on the functions in a sentence (subjective/ objective, possessive, reflexive), pronouns
have appropriate forms.

Positions of personal pronouns

A subjective pronoun comes in the position of a subject, and an objective pronoun comes in the
position of an object.
Subjective pronoun: She/opened/a new bank account.
Subject position

Objective pronoun: The host/ showed/ me/ the living room

Subject position

 Possessive pronouns
Possessive pronouns are used to replace possessive adjective + noun. Possessive pronouns can
function as subjects, objects, or complements.
My room / has / one window. Hers / has / two.
Subject (= Her room)
The boss / disliked / her idea. He / liked / mine.
Object (= my idea)
This food is ours, not theirs.
Complement (= our food) Complement (= their food)
 Reflexive pronouns
A reflexive pronoun is used as the object of a verb or of a preposition when the subject and object of
the sentence refer to the same person.
A reflexive pronoun can immediately follow a noun/pronoun or come at the end of a clause in order
to emphasize the meaning of the previous noun, pronoun, or clause.
The expression by + reflexive pronoun means alone.
Subject = Object : Bob / introduced / himself / to a new employee.
Subject Object (=Bob)
Emphasis: We / ourselves / must / take precautions / against / fire.
Subject Emphasizing the subject we
By + reflexive pronoun: I / spent / the whole weekend / by myself.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 (They, Their) are planning to go on vacation next Friday.
02 Mr. Ford was late for (him/his) physical examination.
03 We would like to read the book’s reviews before we write (our, ours).
04 Alice assisted (us, our) in developing public speaking skills.
05 The employees dealt with the problem by (them, themselves).
06 Nurses must check on (them, their) patients frequently.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 Companies should examine the 09 _______ may order any necessary office
environmental effects of _______ activities. supplies from the catalog.
(A) they (C) themselves (A) You (C) Yours
(B) their (D) them (B) Your (D) Yourself

08 Writers have produced extraordinary work 10 At the meeting, the manager announced
in conditions more oppressive than _______. that she would prepare the presentation by
(A) I (C) me _______.
(B) my (D) mine (A) her (C) she
(B) hers (D) herself
Vocabulary

01 plan to 06 patient /ˈpeɪʃ(ə)nt/ oppressive /əˈprɛsɪv/

02 physical frequently /ˈfriːkw(ə)ntli/ 09 order /ˈɔːdə/
examination 07 examine /ɪɡˈzamɪn/ necessary /ˈnɛsəs(ə)ri/
03 review /rɪˈvjuː/ environmental office supplies
04 assist /əˈsɪst/ /ɪnvʌɪrənˈmɛnt(ə)l/ 10 prepare /prɪˈpɛː/
05 employee effect /ɪˈfɛkt/ presentation /prɛz(ə)nˈteɪʃ(ə)n/
/ɪmˈplɔɪiː/ 08 extraordinary
deal with /ˌɛkstrəˈɔːdɪn(ə)ri/

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Demonstrative Pronouns

Today, the weather in San Francisco is better than the weather in New York.

In this example, the weather is used twice, and this makes the sentence sound
☼ awkward. Preferably, a demonstrative pronoun should be used to avoid
unnecessary repetition.

 Demonstrative pronouns that/ those

The demonstrative pronouns that and those are used to avoid the repetition of nouns in comparison
structures. Use that if a noun is singular; otherwise, use those.

That: Our price / is lower / than that of other shops.

Those: This week’s reviews / are better / than those of last week.

Notes:

When this/these and that/those come before nouns, they function as demonstrative adjectives.
This and that are put before singular nouns. These and those are put before plural nouns.

This + singular noun: This CD player / is / under warranty.

Singular noun

That + singular noun: That bridge / shows / signs of wear.

Singular noun

These + plural noun: These clothes / are made of / silk.

Plural noun

Those + plural noun: Those watches / are / well-designed items.

Plural noun

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 (That, Those) analysts predicted slower economic growth.
02 There are twenty new articles on (this, these) list.
03 Dick’s portfolio is better than (that, those) of Lisa’s.
04 (Those, that) editor got an award last year.
05 These results are inconsistent with (that, those) of previous studies.
06 (These, This) revisions are important to the completion of the proposal.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 HT’s sports bags differ from _______ of 09 Our line of designer clothing is more
Star Track in price and quality. expensive than _______ of our competitors.
(A) those (C) this (A) this (C) that
(B) these (D) them (B) those (D) their

08 Our company implemented a program of 10 _______ salesman sold her an additional

structural reforms, but _______ plan was water purifier for two hundred dollars.
unsuccessful. (A) Those (C) These
(A) those (C) these (B) That (D) They
(B) they (D) this

Vocabulary

01 analyst /ˈan(ə)lɪst/ 06 revision 09 competitor

02 article /ˈɑːtɪk(ə)l/ /rɪˈvɪʒ(ə)n/ completion /kəmˈpliːʃn/ /kəmˈpɛtɪtə/
03 portfolio 07 differ from 10 additional
/pɔːtˈfəʊlɪəʊ/ 08 implement /ˈɪmplɪm(ə)nt/ /əˈdɪʃ(ə)n(ə)l/
04 editor /ˈɛdɪtə/ structural /ˈstrʌktʃ(ə)r(ə)l/ water purifier
05 inconsistent reform /rɪˈfɔːm/
/ɪnkənˈsɪst(ə)nt/
previous /ˈpriːvɪəs/

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Indefinite Pronouns

Some of you here have already met our boss.

Some is used to refer to an indefinite number or amount.
 Some / any
Both some and any are used to refer to an indefinite number or amount. Some and any can be
combined with –thing or –one / -body to refer to an indefinite object or person. Some is mainly
used in affirmatives, any is used in negatives and questions.

Affirmative: The printer / has / something wrong.

Negative: I / have not read / any of these books.

 The other / another / others / the others

The other means the remaining out of the two mentioned.

One ( + singular noun) ○ ●the other (+singular noun)

John / bought / two / shirts. / One/ is / black: / the other/ is/ white.

Another means one more among those mentioned. Others means some more among those
mentioned.

one (+singular noun)

○ ● ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

another (+singular noun) others (= other + plural noun)

The organization / has / many supporters. /One/ is/in LA, /another/is/ in New York, / and/
others/are/in Chicago.
The others means all the remaining of the group mentioned.
one (+singular noun)

○ ● ○ ○ ○

another (+singular noun) the others (= the other + plural noun)

Mr. Smith / met / five clients. /One/is/Japanese, /another/is/French, /and/the others/are/ Chinese.
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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Some proposals got support from board, but (the other, the others) did not.
02 There are three CVs of the applicants. One is here. Where are (the other, the others)?
03 Most English legal terms are difficult to translate into Vietnamese, but (any, some) of them
are easy to translate into English.
04 One worker prefers morning meetings, while (other, another) favors afternoon sessions.
05 One report excellent, but (the others, another) were unsatisfactory.
06 This is not the only answer to the question. There are (another, others).
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 The interviewer learned that Mr. Sherman 09 The IT department supports outsourcing,
had _______ of the materials in advertising but _______ oppose the idea.
and PR. (A) one (C) others
(A) either (C) any (B) another (D) the others
(B) some (D) another

08 As a result of building renovations, our 10 The bankrupt Build Co. did not have
offices have been moved from one floor to _______ of the management skills.
_______ (A) another (C) any
(A) one (C) another (B) some (D) few
(B) other (D) one another

Vocabulary

01 support /səˈpɔːt/ 04 favor /ˈfeɪvə/ 09 department /dɪˈpɑːtm(ə)nt/

board /bɔːd/ session /ˈsɛʃ(ə)n/ outsourcing /aʊtˈsɔːsi ŋ/
02 applicant 05 unsatisfactory oppose /əˈpəʊz/
/ˈaplɪk(ə)nt/ /ˌʌnsatɪsˈfakt(ə)ri/ 10 bankrupt /ˈbaŋkrʌpt/
03 legal term 07 PR (= public relations)
translate 08 as a result of management/ˈmanɪdʒm(ə)nt/
/transˈleɪt/ renovation /ˌrɛnəˈveɪʃn/

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Agreement between Pronouns and Nouns

My younger brother is interested in films. He often goes to the cinema.

My younger brother is a singular noun, so the pronoun he is used to avoid the
repetition of my younger brother.
A pronoun should agree with its preceding noun in terms of number and gender.

 Agreement between pronouns and nouns in terms of number

If a noun is in the singular form, its pronoun should be in the singular form; if a noun is in the plural form, its
pronoun should be in the plural form.

Singular Pronouns Plural Pronouns

he/him/his, she/her/hers, it/its/it they/ them/theirs

himself, herself, itself themselves
this, that these, those

The company/held/a party. /(They, It)/celebrated /the 20th anniversary.

Singular noun Plural (X) Singular (O)

The employees/participated in/the time management seminar. / (She, they) / wanted /to use their time/
Plural noun Singular (X) Plural (O)

more efficiently at work.

Mark/finished/his report/, but /(they, he) / did not submit / it/ yet.
Singular noun Plural (X) Singular (O)

 Agreement between pronouns and nouns in terms of gender

If a noun has the masculine gender, its pronoun should be masculine (he, him, his, himself); if a noun
is feminine, its pronoun should be feminine (she, her, hers, herself). Besides, if a noun is neither male
nor female, its pronoun should be it or itself.

Mr. Hart / was invited / to the reception. /(He/ She)/ arrived / on time.
Masculine Masculine (O) Feminine (X)

Susan /received / an award / from her boss. /(He, She)/ gave / a speech of thanks.
Feminine Masculine (X) Feminine (O)

The corporation / proved/ itself/ to be the best. /(He/ It) / met/ the client’s demands.
Neutral Masculine (X) Neutral (O)

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Ms. Peck is the department head. (She, He) is announcing the new office procedures to the
team.
02 Many subscribers have renewed their magazine subscriptions. (He, They) have read this
magazine for years.
03 The writer received the comments, and (she, it) will reply to them.
04 Mr. Vega and Mr. Rios will speak to the client. (We, They) want to meet his demands.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.
05 Mr. White worked so much overtime that 06 Company representatives spend the whole
_______ asked management for a salary day answering phones and e-mails. _______
increase. are always busy at work.
(A) it (C) she (A) It (C) We
(B) he (D) they (B) She (D) They

Questions 1-4 refer to the following letter.

Mr. Barry Kroger, Managing Director, Fin Corporation
Respected Mr. Kroger,
I, Brandy Watson, would like to apologize on behalf of our organization, Star Fisheries for
--- 1.--- to deliver the order placed by your organization.
There was an accident in making arrangements ---2.--- your goods; as a result, we could not
deliver the order.
You had placed an order for one thousand fish. Our fishermen had managed to catch the
quantity of fish to ---3.--- your order. But, while returning, a small misfortune happened. There
was a thunderstorm and heavy rainfall. As a result the fish rotted and we could not manage to
deliver your order. ---4.---
Sincerely,
Brandy Watson

1. (A) prevailing 3. (A) require

(B) tailing (B) ask
(C) nailing (C) meet
(D) failing (D) deny
2. (A) at 4. (A) I have never been more sorry.
(B) with (B) I have never been more thankful.
(C) for (C) I have been very pleasant.
(D) on (D) I have been very grateful.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 A well-organized work environment will increase staff (interest, productivity, compliance).
02 The baggage (weight, security, allowance) on international flights is 20 kilograms.
03 Advances in computer (technology, concern, relation) are giving companies a lot of
advantages.
04 The results of recent customer (concerns, allowances, surveys) show a high level of
satisfaction with our services.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.
05 Due to time _______, the executives 06 Employees’ _______ records are included in the
were not able to interview all the performance evaluation.
applicants. (A) attendance (C) interest
(A) obstacles (C) allowances (B) maximum (D) retirement
(B) records (D) constraints
Questions 1-4 refer to the following advertisement.
For Sale!
Sampson Double Miter 12" Saw with measuring table and clamps as seen in photos.
We're asking $1,900 or $1,400 without the Accu-Lube
We --- 1.--- send more photos, or if you're around the Brooklyn, NY area, you can inspect it in
person if you want. The weight still has to be ---2.--- We can box the shipment and send it off,
or it can be picked up.
Comes with: stand, aluminum measuring guides, and clamps as seen in photos
It's everything you might need to professionally ---3.--- any woodworking project. The
equipment was recently serviced and is in good working order. As with any used industrial
equipment, this machine may require conduit, junction boxes and other wiring. ---4.---

1. (A) can (B) able to (C) should (D) are to

2. (A) contacted (B) confirmed (C) contracted (D) conformed
3. (A) construct (B) constructs (C) constructing (D) constructed
4. (A) Unfortunately, photos are nonreturnable.
(B) We will begin a series of presentation training conferences.
(C) Installation should be performed by a licensed electrician.
(D) Thank you for agreeing to produce the Double Miter Saw.

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 SUPPLEMENTARY EXERCISES
1. Major industries in this district include food 5. Since employees often have to meet with
processing and aircraft _____. clients with no prior notice, Park Interior
A. manufacturer Design enforces dress code ______ at all
B. manufactures times.
C. manufactured A. compliant
D. manufacture B. compliance
C. compliantly
2. Our field manager has very strong _____ to D. complies
the company’s plan to lay off thirty percent of
his inspection staff. 6. While the engineering team’s _____ has
A. objections improved, overall productivity has been in a
B. objects noticeable decline for the past three years.
C. objectives A. motivate
D. objected B. motives
C. motivational
3. In order for _______ to provide the D. motivation
necessary benefits, dentists associated with
the university’s insurance policies must be 7. Mr. Fisher prefers to do his small
shown a valid student ID card. company’s bookkeeping ____ instead of
A. those hiring an accountant.
B. them A. he
C. their B. his
D. that C. him
D. himself
4. Customers with concerns about the safety
of the product are advised to call the _______ 8. Only ____ with a renewed membership
as soon as possible. card may attend the concert.
A. manufacture A. this
B. manufacturing B. them
C. manufacturer C. whose
D. manufactured D. those

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9. Mr. Whatley unintentionally took Ms. 14. Ms. Woolner is hoping to change _____
Potvin’s timetable, thinking it was _____. daily routine to be more conductive to a
A. him healthy lifestyle.
B. himself A. herself
C. his B. her
D. he C. she
D. hers
10. Dr. Elizabeth kay was by _____ until the
arrival of Dr. lan Desilva at 8.30 a.m. 15. Empty boxes should be placed in the
A. her stockroom for _____.
B. herself A. removable
C. she B. remove
D. hers C. removed
D. removal
11. When interviewed, Beverly Kim
explained that an inquisitive nature as a child 16. The members of the planning committee
made ____ interested in studying suggested that _____ proposal to reduce costs
A. she by just 10% was the most practical.
B. her
A. they
C. hers
B. them
D. herself
C. their
D. theirs
12. Even with our detailed website, many
customers prefer to visit our store locations 17. The City Art Center initiated a music class
and see the products for _____. specially designed for _____ who like country
A. them and western music.
B. they
C. their A. this
D. themselves B. these
C. that
13. The Backwell, part of our newest series of D. those
headphones, is the most advanced model of
____ kind. 18. ____ is critical to be aware of legal issues
A. its at the planning stage so as to avoid confusion
B. our during the design stages.
C. your A. That
D. their B. Which
C. Those
D. It

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19. Employees from Starlites, the popular 22. The operations department was pleased
coffee store chain, listed friendliness and with the overwhelming _____ to the posting
__________ among key factors that increase for volunteers to help with the annual
their morale. company picnic.

A. communicate A. respond
B. communication B. response
C. communicated C. responded
D. communicative D. responsive

20. John Burbank’s ______ in both marketing 23. Because Mr. Laurent completed his
and sales make him the ideal candidate to lead department’s financial budgets ahead of
the new sales team. schedule, he offered to help Ms. Kong finish
A. stronger ______.
B. strengthen A. her
C. strengths B. hers
D. strength C. she
D. herself
21. Ms. Ryerson and Mr. Nunez were 24. Placing money in _____ for emergencies
recognized for ______ effort in contributing can help you when having to spend extra
to the success of the awards banquet. money.
A. their
B. theirs A. reserve
C. them B. reservation
D. they C. reserved
D. reserves

25. Product ______ at Wellington Industries

work both independently and cooperatively
with team members.
A. developers
B. development
C. developed
D. develops

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ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS

☺☺☺ Fun with Basic Grammar

What is an adjective? What is an adverb?

The car is luxurious. A luxurious car The panther runs very quickly

Adjective Adjective Adverb Adverb

The word luxurious in the examples above is In the example above, the word quickly is used
used to describe the noun car. to describe the verb run. The word very
modifies the word quickly.
The part of speech that describes or explains
the shapes, qualities or states of a noun is The part of speech that adds more details to an
called an adjective. adjective, a verb, an adverb, or a whole
sentence is called an adverb.

In English, adjectives can come before and modify nouns, for example: A luxurious car, or follow
linking verbs to clarify the shapes, qualities or states of the subject of a sentence, for example the car
is luxurious.

A nice car The car / is / nice

Adjective Adjective

CHECK UP
Which of the following words fits the sentence?
It is a ……………. investment.
The factory is …………..
(A) profit (B) profitable
→ An adjective can come before and modify a noun. It can also follow a linking verb to
clarify the state of the subject of a sentence.

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Forms of adjectives

Words ending in –able, -ive, -ous, -ic, -y are usually adjectives.

-able changeable
-ive protective
-ous advantageous
-ic realistic
-y wealthy

CHECK UP
Which of the following is the adjective?

(A) Dangerous (B) Danger

→ Words ending in –ous are usually adjectives. Answer: (A)

Forms of adverbs
Most adverbs are formed by adding the suffix –ly to their adjectives.

Adjective Adverb

perfect perfectly
easy easily
quick quickly

CHECK UP
Which of the following is the adverb?

(A) Accurate (B) Accurately

→ Words ending in –ly are generally adverbs. Answer : (B)

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Adjectives
People like cool Cola in summer.

In this sentence, the adjective cool comes before the noun Cola. Adjectives may
have different positions in a sentence.

Positions of adjectives
An adjective can come before a noun or come in the position of a complement.

Before noun: We / received / helpful advice / from him.

Noun

Complement: The receptionist / is / very kind.

Complement

 Parts of speech that cannot come in the positions of adjectives

Verbs and adverbs cannot come in the positions of adjectives.

Stacy / is / (popularly, popular) / in our division.

Adverb (X) Adjective (O)

Mr. Robinson / gave / an (inform, informative) lecture.

Verb (X) Adjective Noun

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Consumers offer (construct, constructive) advice on our new product lines.
02 (Success, Successful) candidates require excellent communication skills.
03 The service at the automobile repair center is (quick, quickly).
04 The applicants were provided with (specific, specify) guidelines on what to submit.
05 The Pinesville Resort is the (ideal, ideally) place to spend a holiday.
06 Susan is not (surely, sure) if she will accept the position.
Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 Ms. Bell is an especially ……….. 09 All the visitors to the power plant must
employee at Ewing, Inc. wear ………clothing provided when entering
(A) value (C) valuably the laboratory.
(B) values (D) valuable (A) protect (C) protective
(B) protection (D) protecting
08 Depositors should bring the ……….. 10 The new R&D head was highly ……..of
identification to complete a transaction. our procedures for collecting data.
(A) necessity (C) necessitate (A) critical (C) criticize
(B) necessarily (D) necessary (B) critically (D) critizes

Vocabulary

01 consumer [kən'sju:mə] 08 depositor [di'pɔzitə]

identification [ai,dentifi'kei∫n]
advice [əd'vais]
transaction [træn'zæk∫n]
02 require [ri'kwaiə]
09 plant [plɑ:nt]
communication [kə,mju:ni'kei∫n]
laboratory [lə'bɔrətəri]
03 repair center
04 guideline ['gaidlain] 10 R&D (= Research and Development)
highly ['haili]
06 accept [ək'sept]
procedure [prə'si:dʒə]
position [pə'zi∫n]

07 especially [is'pe∫əli]

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Adverbs
It rains heavily

In this sentence, the word heavily modifies the verb rain. The words that modify verbs are
usually adverbs.

Positions of adverbs
An adverb can come before an adjective, an adverb, or a verb. When modifying a verb, an adverb
can come before or after the verb. Besides, an adverb can come at the beginning of a sentence to
modify a whole sentence.

Before adjective: It / is / a highly innovative design.

Adjective
Before adverb: Chris / behaved / extremely badly.
Adverb
Before verb: He / accurately / entered / all the data.
Verb
After verb: Time / went / quickly.
Verb

At the beginning of
a sentence Regrettably, / we/ do not have / the item.
Sentence

 Parts of speech that cannot come in the positions of adverbs

Adjectives, nouns and verbs cannot come in the positions of adverbs.

She / was / (slight, slightly) / surprised / at the news.

Adjective (X) Adverb (O) Adjective

(Occasion, Occasionally), / we / fail / to perform / some tasks.

Noun (X) Adverb (O) Sentence

Brian / called / (repeat, repeatedly) / until he got a reply.

Verb Verb (X) Adverb (O)

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Ms. Byrd (usually, usual) makes coffee when she arrives at the office.
02 The president (final, finally) decided to close down the old branch.
03 The parcel was sent (mistake, mistakenly) to the wrong address.
04 The unemployment rate has been decreasing (relative, relatively) slowly.
05 Please make sure that the invitation is addressed (correctly, correct) before mailing it.
06 The executive director travels (regularly, regular) for business.

 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 Mr. Gifford said the network system will 09 Consumer opinion is becoming an ……….
be ………. operational by January. essential factor in project planning.
(A) completion (C) completing (A) increase (C) increasing
(B) complete (D) completely (B) increases (D) increasingly

08 All supervisors in the company agreed that 10 We ………. inform our subscribers that
Mr. Yoshio works ………. Kolins Press will stop publishing this month.
(A) conscientiously (A) regrettable
(B) conscientious (B) regretfully
(C) conscientiousness (C) regret
(D) conscience (D) regrets

Vocabulary

01 arrive /əˈrʌɪv/ 05 invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ 09 opinion /əˈpɪnjən/

02 close down address /əˈdrɛs/ essential /ɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)l/
branch /brɑːn(t)ʃ/ 06 executive director /ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv/ factor /ˈfaktə/
03 parcel /ˈpɑːs(ə)l/ 07 operational /ɒpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ 10 subscriber /səbˈskrʌɪbə/
04 unemployment 08 supervisor /ˈsuːpəvʌɪzə/ publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/
/ʌnɪmˈplɔɪm(ə)nt/

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Companies sell stocks to (combine, renovate, generate) funds.
02 (Probable, Prospective, Protective) employees need to possess basic typing skills.
03 Both candidates were considered (innocently, highly, agreeably) qualified for the position.
04 Employees will sometimes be expected to work (previous, positive, extended) hours.

 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 The CEO is ………. optimistic that 06 The chairman made a public announcement
revenues will be higher than expected this that he was taking ………. retirement.
fiscal year. (A) previous (C) successful
(A) carelessly (C) cautiously (B) early (D) ready
(B) conveniently (D) directly
Questions 1-4 refer to the following memorandum.
From: Sam Parker, Regional Manager
To: Sales staff
Dear Ms. Hall,
First, I would like to thank all the members of the sales team for their hard work. The sales figures
show that your efforts have been (1) ……successful. I was concerned that recent layoffs might not
increase productivity in the (2) ……future, but the (3)….staff worked much harder. If you continue
to do as well as last quarter, management will compensate you for your dedication and hard work.
(10)……
01 (A) extremely (C) eventually 02 (A) possible (C) foreseeable
(B) exactly (D) ready (B) advisable (D) suitable
03 (A) remaining (C) remains
(B) remained (D) remainable
04 (A) Visit us right away for free gifts. (C) So keep up the great work!
(B)Be sure to be on time for the meeting on (D) Welcome to our company!
Saturday.

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COMPARISONS
☺☺☺ Fun with Basic Grammar

What is a comparison?

You are taller than me. Types of comparisons

comparison

You are the oldest among us.

Comparisions
comparison

The structures used to show similarities and/or differences Equality Comparatives Superlatives

between two or among three or more objects like the above

examples are called comparisons.

Types of comparisons
 Types of comparisons
There are three types of comparisons; equality used to compare two equal objects,
comparatives used when the one object is superior to the other, and superlatives used when one object
is superior to the other two or more. (In the TOEIC exam, comparatives and superlatives are more
likely found)
Equality As + bare adjective + as as large as

Comparatives Comparative + than large than

Superlatives the + superlative the largest

Seoul / is / larger / thanBusan.

Seoul / is / the largest city / in Korea.

CHECK UP

Which of the following is the comparative?

(A) This chair is comfortable
(B) This chair is more comfortable than the old one.
→ The comparison used when the one object is superior to the other is called the comparative

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 Forms of comparatives and superlatives

Comparatives and superlatives are formed by changing the form of adjectives and adverbs. There are
regular and irregular forms.

Regular forms

Comparatives One syllable adjective/adverb + -(e)r: fast → faster

Two or more syllables more + adjective/adverb: diligent → more diligent
Superlatives One syllable adjective/adverb + -(e)st : fast → fastest
Two or more syllables most + adjective/adverb: diligent → most diligent
Irregular forms
Equality Comparatives Superlatives
Good/well Better Best
Bad Worse Worst
Many/much More Most
Little Less Least

The KTX / is / faster / than a bus.

Max / is / the most diligent worker / in the office.
Her ideas / are / better / than mine.
It / was/ the worst food / that I have ever eaten.

CHECK UP
Which of the following fits the sentence?
My colleague can speak Spanish …………than Mr. Anderson.
(A) weller (B) better
→ The adverb well has an irregular comparative form. Answer: (B)

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Comparatives

Jeju Island is larger than Dokdo Island.

Than is the common term used when we compare two objects in which the one object
is superior to the other. There are also other expressions which are used to express
comparatives in English.

 Comparative + than
In comparatives, the structure comparative of adjective/ adverb + than is usually used. Therefore,
if you see than in a sentence, the comparative form of an adjective or adverb must come before it.

Plastics / are / (light, lighter) / than metals.

Adjective (X) Comparative (O)

She / speaks / (clearly, more clearly ) than the others.

Adverb (X) Comparative (O)

 Comparative expressions
The + comparative ~, the + comparative ~
The + comparative + of the two
The more / you learn, / (the wise, the wiser) / you become.

Patrick / is / (the tall, the taller) of the two.

 Comparative emphasis
Adverb to emphasis comparatives with the meaning of a little bit include much, even, still, far.

Our delivery service / is / much quicker / than that of others.

Comparative
The hotel / is / far cheaper / than we expected.
Comparative

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Morning classes are (little, less) crowded than evening ones.
02 This system is (very, much) more sophisticated than the old one.
03 Using public transportation is far (fast, faster) than taking the car.
04 The desk job is the (safe, safer) of the two jobs Mr. Pryce is considering.
05 The (more, most) prepared the staff is, the more quickly the evaluation can be completed.
06 Experience can help you communicate (skillfully, more skillfully) than having much
knowledge.

 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 ………the session lasts, the more 09 The economy is currently much …… than
exhausted the attendees will be. it was five years ago.
(A) The longer (C) The longest (A) weak (C) weakest
(B) Longer (D) If longer (B) weaker (D) weakness

08 Small music devices are available ………. 10 The …………of the two places will be
today than they were a decade ago. selected as a new location for the company.
(A) more readily (B) readily (A) more (C) better
(C) most readily (D) readiest (B) good (D) most

Vocabulary

01 crowded 06 experience /ɪkˈspɪərɪəns/ 08 device /dɪˈvʌɪs/

02 sophisticated /səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/ communication /kəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ decade/dɪˈkeɪd/
03 public transportation knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ 09 currently
04 consider /kənˈsɪdə/ 07 session /ˈsɛʃ(ə)n/ /ˈkʌrəntli/
05 evaluation /ɪˌvaljʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ last /lɑːst/ 10 select /sɪˈlɛkt/
complete /kəmˈpliːt/ exhausted /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/
attendee /atɛnˈdiː/

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Superlatives

That sports car is the greatest of mine.

In this sentence, the greatest shows that the object is superior to any other things.

 The + superlative + of ~ / in ~ / that – clause

In superlatives, the structure the + superlative of adjective / adverb + of ~ / in ~ / that – clause is
used.

He / is / the ( cleverer, cleverest ) student / of all my classmates.

Comparative (X) Superlative(O)

It / is / the (taller, tallest ) building / in the city.

Comparative (X) Superlative(O)

This copy machine / runs / the fastest / of all.

 Comparative expressions
One of the + superlative + plural noun
The + ordinal number + superlative
She / is / one of the ( richer, richest ) people / in this town.
Comparative (X) Superlative(O)

Busan / is / the second ( larger , largest ) city / in Korea.

Comparative (X) Superlative(O)

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Porcot Systems provides the (finer, finest) services of any company in our industry.
02 The city of Kimpo has the nation’s (second, secondly) busiest airport.
03 Shanghai has become the (most, more) advanced city in China.
04 FunTravel Co. offers consumers the (wider, widest) selection of accommodations in Asia.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 Plastic is one of the ………widely used 06 Of all the types of transportation available, the
materials in the electronics industry. express bus is the ……….way to reach the
(A) more (C) much downtown area.
(B) most (D) such (A) more easily (C) easiest
(B) most easily (D) easy
Questions 1-4 refer to the following ad.

Due to popular demand, Star Roast Coffee has created a single serving drip coffee which can
be enjoyed at home without losing the freshly brewed taste that our ---1.--- from our coffee
houses around the world serve to millions of our dedicated customers with ---2.--- taste.
Our master roasters have created an aromatic blend that ---3.--- the smooth essence of rich
flavors that are characteristic of our most popular and best selling coffee blends. The coffee is
a balance of rich and smooth, nutty and sweet, and subtly bitter.
You can now enjoy the taste of our world famous coffee house in your own homes. ---4.---

1. (A) masters 3. (A) capture

(B) artisans (B) captures
(C) baristas (C) capturing
(D) representatives (D) to capture

2. (A) discerning 4. (A) To enjoy the filter a second time store it in a dry area.
(B) laughing (B) For master roasting courses call between 9 A.M. and 10
(C) weeping A.M.

(D) cursing (C) The flavor of the pouches increases after being used twice.
(D) Just pour a thin stream of hot water into the pouch and
enjoy.

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Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 The item is (shortly, temporarily, efficiently) out of stock.
02 The product was (conveniently, widely, directly) advertised throughout the region.
03 Passwords should be changed (lately, clearly, frequently) to prevent unauthorized access.
04 For technical reasons, the website is (currently, precisely, highly) not accessible.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 Shareholders should not reply 06 The session will help participants learn how to
………on the fund’s investment adviser for ………conduct a survey.
assistance. (A) accidentally (C) effectively
(A) surely (C) recently (B) apparently (D) informally
(B) solely (D) nearly
Questions 1-4 refer to the following advertisement.
Say hello to some new faces while strolling through
Christchurch Zoo our lush green exhibits and beautiful gardens!
Learn
If only all learning could be this enjoyable. Talk to our Zookeepers. Watch our bird shows and
visit our elephant museum. Learn about the animals and their habitats. Children --- 1.--- 13
must be accompanied by an adult.
Year-round fun!
From our summer concert series ---2.--- our winter zoo light festival, there's always something
going on at the zoo. Check out christchurchzoo.org to find out more. And never mind the
weather! Many exhibits are covered so you can visit the animals while staying dry.
Shop
Visit and discover perfect gifts, souvenirs, animal plush toys, apparel and games.
Ride
All aboard the hippest little railway in New Zealand. In summer, ride through the deep forest
to the international rose test garden and back. In winter, take a one-mile ---3.--- along the zoo's
perimeter.
Dine
The zoo has great food at the Cascade Grill. ---4.--- a gourmet sandwich, homemade soup, or
our fresh salad, or visit Bear Walk Café or Afri Café. Just want a snack? Locals swear by the
Elephant Ears.

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 1. (A) by 3. (A) spin
(B) beyond (B) spun
(C) with (C) spinning
(D) under (D) spins

2. (A) at 4. (A) If you are hungry, just go enjoy to

(B) on (B) Treat yourself to the daily special
(C) to (C) Whatever it takes try harder
(D) into (A) You can feed animals

TENSES
☺☺☺ Fun with Basic Grammar

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 What is a tense? English Tenses
We wash the car.
Simple
Verb (present simple) Tenses

We washed the car. Present Past Future

Simple Simple Simple
Verb (past simple)
We will wash the car.
Progressive
Verb ( Future simple) Tenses

Present Past Future

Progressive Progressive Progressive
The verb wash had different forms
indicating different times. In grammar, a Perfect
Tenses
verb form which shows the time at which an
Present Past Future
action happens is called a tense.
Perfect Perfect Perfect

 Simple tenses
Simple tenses are those that describe actions or states happening at a specific time. There are
three simple tenses.

Present Simple Bare infinitive + -(e)s My sister learns English.

Past Simple Bare infinitive + -ed My sister learned English last month.
Future Simple Will + bare infinitive My sister will learn English next month.
We add the suffix –ed to regular verbs to form the past form. Irregular verbs have their own past
forms.

CHECK UP

Which is the following indicates the past simple tense?

(A) We will hire more workers.
(B) I called Ms. Austin.

Progressive tenses
Progressive tenses are those that describe actions which are happening at a specific time or at the time
of speaking. There are three progressive tenses.

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 Present progressive Am / is / are + V-ing She / is reading / a report.
Past progressive Was / were + V-ing She / was reading / a report.
Future progressive Will be + V-ing She / will be reading / a report.

CHECK UP

Which of the following indicates the present progressive tense?

(A) Ms. Adams is presenting a business plan.
(B) He will visit the factory in Mexico.
→ The present progressive tense describes actions happening at the time of speaking. It is
formed by a form of the verb be : am / is / are + V-ing.

Perfect Tenses
Perfect tenses are those that describe actions which happened in the past and still continue up to the
present, completed before another past time or event, or will complete before another future time or
event. There are three perfect tenses.

Present Perfect Have /has + p.p. We have lived here for three years.
Past Perfect Had + p.p. We had lived here for three years.
Future Perfect Will have + p.p. We will have lived here for three years by next year.

CHECK UP

Complete the following sentence by putting the verb in the parentheses in the present perfect
tense.
His secretary_______ (make) a reservation online.
→ The present perfect tense is formed by have/ has + p.p.

Present Simple, Past Simple and Future Simple

I sometimes go to the sea. I went there yesterday. I will go there next week.

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 In this sentence, go is used to describe the habit of traveling to the sea, went is used to talk
about the action of traveling to the sea yesterday, and will go is used to talk about the plan of
traveling to the sea next week.

 Present simple tense

The present simple tense is used to describe a repeated action, a habit, or a truth in general. There
are some common time expressions in the present simple tense.
Usually often every day

I / usually / come home / at 7:00 p.m.

Present simple

 Past simple tense

The past simple tense is used to describe a past action or state. There are some common time
expressions in the past simple tense.
Yesterday ago last + week/ month/ year in + a year in the past

Interest rates / rose / last month.

Past simple
 Future simple tense
The future simple tense is used to describe future actions or plans in the future time. There are some
common time expressions in the future simple tense.
Tomorrow next + week/ month/ year by/until + a future time expression

We / will have / a new menu / next week.

Future simple

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Mr. Chen (finished, finish) reviewing the summary yesterday.
02 We often (announce, will announce) the date for reviews in a local paper.
03 The board (convened, will convene) an executive session tomorrow.
04 Many workers (go, went) abroad in 2003.
05 Next Tuesday, the ship (will leave, left) the harbor at 12 p.m.
06 Ms. Cooper (met, meets) one of her European clients three days ago.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 The hotel’s recreational facilities ………. 09 Some experts predict that urban areas
a swimming pool and tennis courts. ………. 98 percent of the world’s popular by
(A) include (C) inclusion 229.
(B) includes (D) to include (A) hold (C) will hold
(B) held (D) holding
08 Last week’s conference ………. 10 Several computer manufacturers ……….
opportunities for employees to learn ideas and their new lines in the next several months.
meet new people. (A) introduce (C) introduction
(A) creating (C) created (B) will introduce (D) be introduced
(B) creates (D) will create

Vocabulary

01 review /rɪˈvjuː/ 08 opportunity /ɒpəˈtjuːnɪti/

summary /ˈsʌm(ə)ri/ 09 expert /ˈɛkspəːt/
02 local /ˈləʊk(ə)l/ urban /ˈəːb(ə)n/
paper /ˈpeɪpə/ population /pɒpjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
03 executive session 10 manufacturer
05 harbor /ˈhɑːbə/ line /laɪn/
07 recreational /rɛkriˈeɪʃənl/

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Present Progressive, Past Progressive and Future Progressive

When I came to the department store yesterday, they were selling a red coat. I am going there
to buy it now.
In this sentence, were selling describes the action happening at a specific time in the past,
whereas am going is used to describe the action happening at the present time.

 Present progressive tense (am/is/are + V-ing)

The present progressive tense describes an action happening at a specific time or at the time of
speaking in the present. The present progressive tense if often used with now of right now.
The company / is building / an exhibition center / now.
Present progressive

 Past progressive tense (was/were + V-ing)

The past progressive tense describes an action happening at a specific time in the past. The past
progressive tense is mainly used with expressions showing the past time.
Zoe / was revising / a contract / when he got a call.
Past progressive

 Future progressive tense

The future progressive tense describes an action happening at a specific time in the future. The future
progressive tense is mainly used with expressions showing the future time.
I / will be teaching / at the university / next year.
Future progressive

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.

01 Mr. Tracy (is preparing, was preparing) the annual report now.
02 Our CEO ( will be attending, was attending) an important workshop at this time yesterday.
03 This time tomorrow, Chris ( is attending, will be attending) am important conference.
04 She (worked, was working) on her report when the fire took place.
05 Mr. McCain (is returning, was returning) to Korea now.
06 We (were making, will be making) arrangements for the Trade Conference tomorrow.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 Mr. Thomas ………. in the employee 09 Wellton supermarket ………. its customers a
development session at 3 o’clock yesterday. 20 percent discount until Monday.
(A) participates (C) is participating (A) offered (C) will be offering
(B) to participate (D) was participating (B) is offering (D) was offering

08 The manufacturer ………. changes to its 10 The memo informed us that the company
billing procedures now. ………. the renovation of the office next month.
(A) implements (C) implementing (A) is carrying out
(B) implemented (D) is implementing (B) has been carrying out
(C) will be carrying out
(D) is being carrying out

Vocabulary

01 annual /ˈanjʊəl/ 08 manufacturer /ˌmanjʊˈfaktʃ(ə)rə/

06 arrangement /əˈreɪn(d)ʒm(ə)nt/ billing procedure /ˈbɪlɪŋ prəˈsiːdʒə/
07 session /ˈsɛʃ(ə)n/ 09 inform /ɪnˈfɔːm/
renovation /ˌrɛnəˈveɪʃn/

Present Perfect, Past Perfect and Future Perfect

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 I have collected bottle caps since last year. By the end of this month, I will have
accomplished my plan of one year’s collection.
In this sentence, have collected describes the action which started last year and continues up
to the present time, while will have accomplished describes the action lasting from a past or
present time up to specific time in the future.

 Present perfect tense (have/has + p.p.)

The present perfect tense describes an action or a state that started in the past and continues up to the
present time. There are some common time expressions used in the present perfect tense.
Since + a year in the past over the last/past + a period of time for + a
period of time

I / have worked / for the company / since 2005.

Present perfect

 Past perfect tense (had + p.p.)

The past perfect tense describes an action that happened before another action in the past.
Before I reached the venue, / the conference / had started.
Past perfect

 Future perfect tense

The future perfect tense describes an action that started in the past or present time and will be
completed at a specific time in the future. There are some common time expressions used in the future
perfect tense.
By next + a time expression by the end of + a time expression next + a time
expression

I / will have finished / the paper / by the end of the month.

Future perfect

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Mr. Heath (has appointed, will have appointed) Richard Barth as a financial officer by next
May.
02 Before the results came in, she (had already gone, will have already gone).
03 The price of gas (increases, has increased) considerably since 2000.
04 The revenue of the company (falls, has fallen) significantly for two years.

Questions 1-4 refer to the following termination notice.

To: Mr. Smith
Notice is hereby given that within 30 days after receiving this notice, you must fully evict the
premises ---1.--- at 17848 Gatsby Street.
Failure to vacate within the given time period will lead to legal proceedings against the ---2---
Mr. Smith, to recover all possession from the premises and to seek further damages for each
day of occupancy after the expiration date of this notice, including but not limited to attorney's
fees and other costs associated with the ---3.--- residency of the premises.
This notice is intended as a 30-day notice terminating your tenancy at 17848 Gatsby Street.
Pro-rated rent will be due as of March 20th, 2016 and ---4.---
Dated: March 1st, 2016
By: Landlord

1. (A) locate (B) locating (C) located (D) location

2. (A) landlord (B) owner (C) tenant (D) inhabitant

3. (A) unlawful (B) forbidden (C) improper (D) criminal

4. (A) it is payable through the date of termination of your tenancy under this notice
(B) it can only be made by partial payment due to this notice
(C) you should provide a signed copy of the lease to finalize the terms of the agreement
(D) you must send us your account number so that we can deposit the money into your account

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 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.
05 The cost of living in the country …… 06 Mr. Jantick …… in the military for six months
by 17 percent over the last 15 years. by the end of the year.
(A) will rise (C) rising (A) been served (C) will serve
(B) has risen (D) rise (B) has served (D) will have served
Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Toxic Chemicals should always be (practiced, handled, prevented) with care.
02 Effective advertisements (broaden, attract, convene) many new customers.
03 If you wish to attend the seminar, do not (expand, consider, hesitate) to contact me.
04 Computer programs are (labored, utilized, proceeded) in the shipment of orders.
Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.
05 A deposit of $50 is required to ………. 06 The annual meeting ………. as planned last
seats for the upcoming season . month without any interruption.
(A) respond (C) connect (A) reviewed (C) proceeded
(B) appoint (D) reserve (B) obtained (D) marched
Questions 1-4 refer to the following notice.
Glenoaks Creative Artists Clinic: Saturday, July 25th, 11 A.M. - 6 P.M.
The summer clinic will include seminars by artists Janet Mulford and Paul Roth.
Attend and get helpful pointers --- 1. --- the better aspects of modern art incorporated by these
two skilled painters.
The July clinic will incorporate a few of the identical events as last March's creative artists
clinic, like individual assessment and idea classes. ---2---, this clinic will as well tackle
subjects not ---3--- in March, like income for artists and marketing methods.
We delight in seeing examples of your work, ---4.---.
To participate, go to www.glenoaksart.com.

1. (A) in 3. (A) mentioning

(B) to (B) mentioned
(C) of (C) mention
(D) on (D) to mention
4. (A) since we find giving constructive criticism to be an effective
2. (A) Similarly learning tool
(B) Unfortunately (B) because we don't want to argue with you about the exact order of
(C) Finally events
(D) Apparently (C) as we would like to give you a good chance to recover
(D) for we love to participate in the ceremony

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 SUPPLEMENTARY EXERCISES
1. If you _____ little experience in banking, B. appears
dealing with major clients on time-critical C. will appear
matters can be a worrying business. D. appearing
A. had 7. Mr. Jones ______ in intellectual property
B. will have rights cases while he worked for the law firm.
C. have A. specialize
D. are having B. specializing
2. The report clearly showed that the accident C. specializes
____ when the car passed on the left instead. D. specialized
A. occur 8. After the members of the sales team ____
B. occurred their ideas, a discussion will be held to talk
C. occurring about the merits of each proposal.
D. occurs A. present
3. Any member who _____ since February is B. will be presenting
entitled to submit his or her photographs to the C. is presenting
annual Photoshop Exhibition in San Diego. D. presented
A. joins 9. We are waiting the tuition fees for the
B. joined registration period, which _____ until the end
C. joining of August.
D. have joined A. run
4. Although that mutual fund _____ very well B. ran
since it started in 1991, it has recently been C. has run
somewhat erratic. D. will run
A. performed 10. After returning from a week-long business
B. has performed trip to Eastern Europe last month, Ms. Donald
C. performing _____ to take a few days off work.
D. was performing A. decides
5. The telephone company _____ its domestic B. will decide
long distance rates by an average of 5% per C. decided
month for the past four months. D. deciding
A. increased
B. have increased 11. This October 2012 issue you ____ with
C. was increasing this accompanying letter is our final issue.
D. has increased A. receive
B. had received
6. All of your banking transactions _____ on C. will receive
your monthly statement as long as you keep at D. have received
least once account at our bank.
A. appeared

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12. When the analysts _____ the report 14. As of this coming Friday, Harvey Barker
figures, the writers will be revising the will ______ in this department for 10 years.
chairman’s speech. A. worked
A. review B. working
B. reviewed C. has been working
C. are reviewing D. have been working
D. are reviewed
15. We are pleased to offer you the position as
13. When too much cholesterol ______ in the a part-time graphics designer and you ______
bloodstream, it can build up in the arteries and block to work from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m., Monday
through Friday.
the flow of the blood.
A. are expecting
B. will be expected
A. accumulate
C. expect
B. accumulates
D. may have expected
C. accumulation
D. accumulating
16. Ms. Cho replayed her concerns about the
company’s financial situation while she
_______ a meeting with the manager.
A. having
B. will have
C. was having
D. has

17. As we ________ in the past, we will be

publishing the latest edition of our report in
September.
A. have done
B. will do
C. do
D. had done

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ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
☺☺☺ Fun with Basic Grammar

What are the active voice and passive voice?

James breaks the balloon. (Active voice) The balloon is broken. (Passive voice)

The active voice is the form of a verb when the subject in a sentence performs the action of
the verb as in James breaks the balloon. However, in The balloon is broken, the form of the
verb is in the passive voice because the subject does not perform the action of the verb.

How to form the passive voice

The passive voice is formed by a form of the verb be + p.p. (past participle). The verb be has different
forms depending on the number of the subject and the tense is a sentence.

Present simple passive am/is/are + p.p. is founded

Past simple passive was/were + p.p. was founded
Future simple passive will be + p.p. will be founded
Present progressive passive Am/is/are + being + p.p. Is being developed
Past progressive passive Was/were + being + p.p. Was being developed
Present perfect passive Have/has + been + p.p. Has been delivered
Past perfect passive Had + been + p.p. Had been delivered
Future perfect passive Will have been + p.p. Will have been delivered
The organization / was founded / in 2004.
Be + p.p.

CHECK UP
Choose the correct option to fill the blank below.
The factory ………………..by a hurricane.
(A) was destroy (B) was destroyed

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How to change the active voice to the passive voice

The object in the active sentence becomes the subject in the passive sentence, and the subject in the active
sentence has the form of by + agent in the passive sentence. Only transitive verbs can be used in the passive
voice.

Active voice: Fred fixed the computer.

Subject Verb Object

1 2 3

Passive voice: The computer was fixed by Fred.

Subject be + p.p. by + agent
1. The object the computer becomes the subject.
2. The verb fixed becomes was fixed according to the number of the subject and the tense of
the sentence.
3. The subject now has the form of by Fred (by + agent).

Differences between the active and passive voice

If a verb is followed by an object, the verb is in the active voice; however, when there is no object
following a verb, it is in the passive voice.

Active voice: He / (was checked, checked) / the guest list.

Passive voice (X) Active voice (O) Object

Mr. James / (is insisted, insists) / that he is innocent.

Passive voice (X) Active voice (O) Object

Passive voice: The investigation / (conducted, was conducted) / by Ms. Murphy.

Active voice (X) Passive voice (O)

The resume / (should submit, should be submitted) / within a week.

Active voice (X) Passive voice (O)

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Our appliances will (be serviced, service) for free.
02 We (convey, are conveyed) gratitude to loyal customers.
03 The CEO (was paid, paid) a bonus to the employees at the end of the quarter.
04 Scientists (argue, are argued) that greenhouse gas emissions are a major cause of global
warming.
05 Management (required, was required) to develop a good relationship with the new partners.
06 The process of filling prescriptions should (change, be changed) to prevent mistakes.

 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 The current tenants must ……….the 09 The company’s future sales may ………..
offices by the end of June. by the growth of its competitors.
(A) vacant (C) vacate (A) affecting (C) be affecting
(B) vacancy (D) be vacated (B) be affected (D) affect

08 The airline industry …………by a 10 The finance manager …………that the

government body before 1979. company spent too much money on office
(A) regulates (C) was regulated equipment.
(B) regulation (D) was regulating (A) is concluded (C) to conclude
(B) concluded (D) conclusion

Vocabulary

01 appliance /əˈplʌɪəns/ 09 competitor /kəmˈpɛtɪtə/

05 management /ˈmanɪdʒm(ə)nt/
for free partner /ˈpɑːtnə/ 10 spend A on B
02 gratitude /ˈɡratɪtjuːd/ 06 process /ˈprəʊsɛs/ equipment /ɪˈkwɪpm(ə)nt/
loyal customer prescription /prɪˈskrɪpʃ(ə)n/
03 quarter /ˈk(w)ɔːtə/ prevent /prɪˈvɛnt/
04 greenhouse gas 07 current /ˈkʌr(ə)nt/
emission /ɪˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ tenant /ˈtɛnənt/
global warming 08 body /ˈbɒdi/

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Common Collocations

I am surprised at the acrobat’s talents.

In this sentence, am surprised is followed by the preposition at. In English there are several
common collocation formed by a form of the verb be and a past participle. The past
participle, in fact, functions as an adjective and is followed by a certain preposition.

Prepositions in common collocations

Preposition in

Be engaged in Be interested in Be involved in

John / is engaged in / cancer research.

He / is involved in / the incident.

Preposition to

Be dedicated to Be exposed to Be related to

The secret / was exposed to / the media.

Work environment / is related to / productivity.
Preposition at

Be surprised at Be shocked Be frightened at

We / were surprised at / his behavior.

The writer / was shocked at / the criticism.
Preposition with

Be (dis)satisfied with Be pleased with Be equipped with

We / are pleased with / the recent sales increase.

Each room / is equipped with / basic furniture.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 The Direct-Help Organization is dedicated (to, at) helping people.
02 The firm is engaged (in, for) buying and selling real estate.
03 New car models are equipped (by, with) anti-theft locks and air bags.
04 The development team was (pleased, pleasing) with the performance of the new diesel
engine.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.
05 People living near manufacturing plants 06 The report said that many health problem are
are exposed ………. various pollutants. ………. to a lack of exercise.
(A) to (C) for (A) relate (C) related
(B) by (D) at (B) relating (D) relation
Questions 1-4 refer to the following notice.
Member Notice
Unique 24 Fitness has unfortunately closed this location and will not reopen it.
The closure is --- 1. --- complicated maintenance problems and it also follows unsuccessful
negotiations with the landlord ---2.--- the price of rent to a level by which the fitness center
can become profitable.
As a member of this fitness center, we apologize for any inconvenience this may cause you.
---3.--- All memberships will be transferrable to any other branch of Unique 24 Fitness, with
the nearest being in the Railroad District.
Any members that have paid annually in advance for their memberships will be contacted
directly by us and those that wish to ---4.--- a full refund of any outstanding payments will be
able to do so.
Once again, we apologize for any inconvenience this may cause you.
Sincerely,
Unique 24 Fitness
1. (A) prior to (B) during (C) due to (D) within
2. (A) reduce (B) to reduce (C) reduces (D) reduced
3. (A) This closure will be voted on at next month's members meeting.
(B) Those wishing to join this center should inquire inside at the information desk about our special
offers.
(C) All members will be able to extend their contracts by an additional 2 months.
(D) Members of the Westport Unique 24 Fitness Center will not find themselves out of pocket in
any way.
4. (A) arrange (B) create (C) invest (D) reduce

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 There is no (inconvenience, collection, exception) to this rule.
02 Ms. Lewis received positive (feedback, complaint, objection) after the conference.
03 Clients make a frequent (discount, thought, complaint) that the products arrive late.
04 The company only allows (representatives, subjects, opponents) to attend its meetings.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 High Airlines is offering conference 06 Hotel employees do their best to create a

attendees a 40 percent ………. on friendly ………. .
economy class tickets. (A) atmosphere (C) apology
(A) discount (C) retail (B) temperature (D) responsibility
(B) feedback (D) improvement
Questions 1-4 refer to the following article.
The economic news out of China, the world's second largest economy was better than
anticipated with manufacturing output up at a five-month high, leading to speculation that the
government stimulus measures have indeed sparked some hope on an otherwise --1.---
economy. However, more policy measures are needed as the property market continues to cool
and domestic debt levels continue to rise. ---2.--- global demand has been weakening as
financial markets brace for interest rate hikes from the U.S. Federal Reserve. Despite the
positive news, the Chinese government has failed to reach its economic growth ---3.---of 8
percent this year which is the lowest in almost 25 years. ---4.---

1. (A) good (B) wonderful (C) strong (D) fragile

2. (A) However (B) In addition to (C) Furthermore (D) As a result

3. (A) target (B) quota (C) destination (D) objective

4. (A) Many analysts believe that the growth figures may be lower than what the official figures may
suggest.
(B) Some agencies are reporting that investment is up compared to the previous season.
(C) Large construction projects are considered necessary expenditures during this time of economic
boom.
(D) The government will be voting on whether or not to continue sending aid to the areas affected
by the drought.

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 SUPPLEMENTARY EXERCISES
1. Imports of the new machine from Asia 6. The famous National Art Museum was
______ to outpace those for the same quarter reconstructed _____ more visitors.
last year. A. accommodate
A. expected B. accommodated
B. expect C. to accommodate
C. have expected D. accommodating
D. may be expected
7. The budget is _____ to pass the Senate by a
2. A complimentary gift set will _____ to all narrow margin.
subscribers in the area to promote our new A. expect
magazine. B. to expect
A. send C. expected
B. be sending D. expecting
C. be sent
D. have sent 8. Space Portal is the most eagerly awaited
game to _____ by S-Gen Games in the last
3. The identification numbers which are typed five years.
on the front of the cards ______ by the A. release
security guard in the building. B. releasing
A. checked C. be released
B. check D. be releasing
B. should be checked
D. have checked 9. Anyone without a ticket ______ to call
ahead before arriving at the theater to ensure
4. Before the accident _____, there was no seating availability.
crosswalk in front of the elementary school. A. encourages
A. happens B. encouraging
B. happened C. is encouraged
C. was happened D. encouragement
D. was happening
10. Because of his success in designing our
5. Another meeting between the two Sales company’s coffee mugs, Bob Lumbergh
Department _____ last Monday because one _____to district manager.
of the board members complained about the A. promoted
sales figures for the last quarter. B. promotes
A. was taken place C. has promoted
B. took place D. was promoted
C. is taken place
D. takes place

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11. Michael hurt his shoulder during a football 16. The payment on the company’s latest
game and has been _____ rehabilitation to order of office supplies is due and must _____
heal from the surgery. within ten business days.
A. underwent A. to receive
B. undergoing B. receive
C. undergone C. be received
D. undergo D. been received

12. The government ordered that the 17. All contractors are required _____ to the
experimental drug _____ to the laboratory for rules outline in the federal health and safety
further study. manual while working on building sites.
A. send A. to adhere
B. sent B. adhering
C. sending C. to be adhered
D. be sent D. be adhered

13. Unfortunately, several customers 18. For safety reasons, only trained employees
subjected _____ Phil’s abusive behavior are ____ to use this equipment.
before he was finally removed from the sales A. permitted
floor. B. associated
A. by C. decided
B. in D. written
C. to
D. with 19. The contractors had to delay the new
entertainment facilities project after the initial
14. The marketing team is fully ______ to plans were _____ by the city.
answer questions about the company’s new A. rejected
promotional campaign. B. escaped
A. prepare C. objected
B. prepares D. accepted
C. prepared
D. preparation 20. All returned batteries should be _____ of
properly and used for recycling purposes to
15. When preliminary plans and drawings are protect the environment.
_______, Wako Contractors Group will make A. dispose
a bid on the construction project of the new B. disposed
office tower. C. disposal
A. completing D. disposable
B. completed
C. completion
D. completely

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21. As _____ in our company policy, we do 24. All visitors to the main office are _____ to
not offer refunds on purchases of sale items. present their identification cards to the
A. outline security guard when entering the building.
B. outlines A. prompted
C. outlining B. required
D. outlined C. insisted
D. appealed
22. Please be advised that on November 2, our
company __ an administrative change in order 25. Because of his outstanding work, Mr.
to save our customers more money by Tianfu Yang has been highly _____ for the
providing them with a store bonus card. position of marketing director by the board of
A. will implement directors.
B. will have implemented A. recommendation
C. will be implemented B. recommended
D. will have been implemented C. recommending
D. recommend
23. The event was well ____ and covered by
numerous media including television stations 26. Mr. Lim, the head of the union, _____ a
and newspaper across the country. letter last week that stated his contract with
A. publicizing the company was terminated
B. publicized A. was sending
C. publicity B. would send
D. publicize C. will be sent
D. was sent

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SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
☺☺☺ Fun with Basic Grammar

What is the subject-verb agreement?

A monkey sings. Monkeys sing.

Singular subject + Singular verb Plural subject Plural verb

When a subject is in the singular form, its verb must be in the singular form. When a subject
is in the plural form, its verb must also be in the plural form. The main verb in a sentence
must agree with its subject.

 Singular subject and plural subject

A singular subject refers to one person or thing and is preceded by the article a/an, whereas a plural
subject refers to two or more people or things and is followed by the suffix -(e)s.

Singular Subject One person or thing A hotel, an expert

Plural Subject Two or more people or things Hotels, experts

A hotel / is / near the airport.

Singular subject
Experts / give / advice / on investing strategies.
Plural subject

CHECK UP

Which of the following is the singular subject?

(A) A report (B) Articles (C) Computers (D) A job

→ A singular subject refers to one person or thing and is preceded by the article a/an.

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Singular verb and plural verb
A verb must be in the singular form when it is used with a singular subject and is formed by adding
the suffix –(e)s to its base form. A verb must be in the plural form when used with a plural subject,
and it takes the bare infinitive form. The difference between singular and plural verbs forms just occurs
in the present simple tense. In the past simple tense, the two verb forms remain the same (expect the
verb be).

Singular verb Third person singular Sells, plans

Plural verb Bare infinitive Sell, plan

The product / sells / well.

Singular verb
Workers / plan / to strike.
Plural verb

CHECK UP

Put the verb in the parentheses in the correct form

The results ……….(show) a great improvement.

→ A plural verb has the bare infinitive form

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Subject-Verb Agreement - Singular Subject and Singular Verb

A girl (pick, picks) berries.

Since the subject girl is in the singular form, its verb must be in the singular form (picks) so
that the sentence has the subject-verb agreement.

 Singular countable nouns

When the subject of a sentence is a singular countable noun, its verb must be in the singular form.
The company / intends / to open a local branch.
Countable noun Singular verb

 Uncountable nouns
When the subject of a sentence is an uncountable noun, its verb must be in the singular form.
The furniture / arrives / fully assembled.
Uncountable noun Singular verb

 Other expressions used as nouns

Gerunds, to-infinitives, or noun clauses can function as the subjects of sentences and always go with
singular verbs.
Watching soccer / makes / me / excited.
Gerund Singular verb
That John will leave / is / shocking.
Noun clause Singular verb

 Each/ every + singular noun

When the subject is each / every + singular noun, its verbs must be in the singular form.
Each house / has / two bedrooms.
Each + Singular verb
singular noun
Every citizen / pays / income taxes.
Every singular noun + Singular verb

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Holding the conference in our hotel (are, is) advantageous to your company.
02 The requested document (has, have) not yet arrived.
03 Access to this file (are, is) limited to authorized personnel.
04 Each report (contains, contain) information on key economic indicators.
05 That Mr. Smith was absent from work (were, was) surprising.
06 The editor (want, wants) to change the layout of the newspaper.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 The firm ………….profit increases with 09 This chemical ………..only approved for
the new marketing strategy. use in animal foods.
(A) anticipate (C) are anticipated (A) was (C) has
(B) anticipates (D) anticipating (B) were (D) have

08 Obtaining a good job ………….difficult 10 Every area manager ………….required to

due to the economic situation. visit all the offices under his management once
(A) have remained (C) remain a week.
(B) are remaining (D) remains (A) is (C) were
(B) are (D) have

Vocabulary

01 advantageous /advənˈteɪdʒəs/ 05 absent /ˈabs(ə)nt/ 08 obtain /əbˈteɪn/

06 layout /ˈleɪaʊt/ economic
02 request /rɪˈkwɛst/ 07 firm /fəːm/ /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/
profit /ˈprɒfɪt/ 09 chemical
03 access /ˈaksɛs/
strategy /ˈstratɪdʒi/ /ˈkɛmɪk(ə)l/
limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ approve /əˈpruːv/
10 management
authorized /ˈɔːθərʌɪzd/ /ˈmanɪdʒm(ə)nt/

04 indicator /ˈɪndɪkeɪtə/

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Subject-Verb Agreement – Plural Subject and Plural Verb

Two girls (pick, picks) berries.

Since the subject girls is in the plural form, its verb must be in the plural form (pick) so that
the sentence has the subject-verb agreement.

 Plural countable nouns

When the subject of a sentence is a plural countable noun, its verb must be in the plural form.
The students / expect / the weather will be fine.
Plural Plural verb
countable noun

 Two subjects
When two subjects are joined by the conjunction and, their verb must be in the plural form.
Jack and I / are taking / an accounting class.
Two subjects Plural verb

 Several / many / a few + plural noun

When the subject of a sentence is preceded by several / many / a few, its verb must be in the plural
form.
Several books / are / on the desk.
Several + Plural verb
plural noun
Many workers / commute / to work / by bus.
Many + Plural verb
plural noun
A few machines / need / maintenance.
A few + Plural verb
plural noun

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 The applicants (have, has) plenty of experience in foreign trade.
02 Many offices (instruct, instructs) employees about what to do in case of fire.
03 The survey forms (was, were) not filled out completely.
04 The headquarters and the branch office (plan, plans) to reorganize some divisions.
05 A few reports (provide, provides) accurate data on the current market.
06 Our facilities (are, is) available for family and company events every weekend.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 The company and the striking workers 09 The government ………taking significant
……….to a settlement. measures to promote the export of domestic
(A) has agreed (C) have agreed goods.
(B) agrees (D) agreeing (A) been (C) have
(B) is (D) has
08 The cellphone charges for local calls 10 Several candidates ……….at least two
………….discounted for the first month. foreign languages fluently.
(A) has (C) is (A) speak (C) has spoken
(B) was (D) are (B) speaks (D) was spoken

Vocabulary

01 applicant /ˈaplɪk(ə)nt/ reorganize /riːˈɔːɡ(ə)nʌɪz/ 08 charge /tʃɑːdʒ/

plenty of division /dɪˈvɪʒ(ə)n/ 09 measure /ˈmɛʒə/

foreign /ˈfɒrɪn/ 05 accurate /ˈakjʊrət/ domestic /dəˈmɛstɪk/

02 in case of 06 facility /fəˈsɪlɪti/ 10 fluently /ˈfluːəntli/

03 fill out available /əˈveɪləb(ə)l/

04 headquarters /hɛdˈkwɔːtəz/ 07 striking /ˈstrʌɪkɪŋ/

branch /brɑːn(t)ʃ/ settlement /ˈsɛt(ə)lm(ə)nt/

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Subject-Verb Agreement – Special Cases

The people in the boat (has, have) a paddle.

The subject of this sentence is people (plural), not boat (singular); therefore; the plural verb have is
the correct choice. When a noun is followed by a prepositional phrase, it is important to look at this
noun to decide whether it is the singular or plural subject.

 Modifiers between subject and verb

Modifiers coming between the subject and its verb do not affect the subject-verb agreement.
The letter / from my friend / (make, makes) / me/ happy.
Singular noun Modifier Plural Singular
verb (X) verb(O)
The paintings / at the museum / (attracts, attract) / tourists.
Plural noun Modifier Singular Plural
verb(X) verb(O)

 Most / all / some / half / the rest + of + the + noun

If a noun is singular or uncountable, its verb must be in the singular form. If a noun is plural, its verb
must be in the plural form.
Most/ all/ some/ Singular/ Uncountable noun Singular Verb
of + the +
Half/ the rest Plural noun Plural verb

Most of the seminar / (were , was) / for new employees.

Singular noun Singular
Verb(X) Verb (O)
Some of the films / (disagrees, disagree) / with the policy.
Plural noun Plural
Verb(X) Verb(O)
The rest of the papers / (is, are) / in the drawer.
Plural noun Plural
Verb(X) Verb(O)

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 All of the old magazines (is, are) available at a discounted price.
02 Some of the executives (refuse, refuses) to reduce expenditures on advertising.
03 The competition between low-cost airlines (has, have) increased.
04 Senior employees in the workplace (know, knows) less about computers.

 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 The rest of the guests for the Best Employee 06 Some of the pens in the shipment
Award ……….to arrive after 7:00 p.m. ……… faulty parts and cannot be used.
(A) expect (C) are expected (A) has (C) was
(B) expecting (D) is expected (B) is (D) have
Questions 1-4 refer to the following notice.
A new generation of writers are self-publishing their --- 1.---, be it an essay, a story or a poem
on their own websites.
Instead of selling their creative works at brick and mortar ---2.---, they sell advertising space,
get money for the number of hits on their website and sell subscriptions for selective insight to
their work or works. ---3.---
In this way, the 21st century will be witness to a ---4.--- in the form of the novel.

1. (A) announced 3. (A) There are sites that can not be accessed by nonmembers.
(B) hard (B) There are even sites that allow writers to upload and price a
(C) work book for electronic reading devices.

(D) write (C) All proceeds from the books sold will go to private charities.
(D) Those writers wishing to find a larger audience should first
acquire the skills needed to capture the imagination of their
2. (A) stores readers.
(B) stories
(C) result 4. (A) resolution
(D) inventory (B) recognition
(C) recreation
(D) revolution

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Higher fuel prices will (affect, announce, contact) the automobile industry.
02 It is dangerous to invest in stocks that can (develop, decrease, delete) in value.
03 We (prolonged, differed, changed) the name of our product two years ago.
04 Studies (indicate, evaluate, review) that people learn more through group activities.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 The program provides qualified 06 An interview is conducted to ………. a

employees with the opportunity to ………. candidate’s suitability as a potential employee.
their skills and knowledge. (A) object (C) challenge
(A) convene (C) distract (B) evaluate (D) alleviate
(B) lift (D) broaden
Questions 1 -4 refer to the following letter.
Dear valued Wood & Noble customers,
Wood & Noble is pleased to (1) ………. a year-end event to be (2)….at all Wood & Noble
outlets. We are offering a 60 percent discount starting next Monday. (3)……... Please do not
hesitate to (4) ………. us for more information.
01 (A) express (C) announce
(B) note (D) answer
02 (A) held (C) made
(B) found (D) founded
03 (A) I appreciate your taking time to fill out the requested information.
(B) Enclosed please find the information on your travel plans.
(C)Our collection of home decorations includes dinner tables, wooden lamps, and other
decorative items
(D) You will be notifed of the medical insurance coverage within 3 days.
04 (A) advise (C) contact
(B) connect (D) approve

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 SUPPLEMENTARY EXERCISES
1. Through the Internet people are discovering 6. As portable audio items _____ currently
new ways to share relevant information with unavailable in the store, you had better check
_____. the Internet for more information.
A. the other A. is
B. another B. been
C. other C. are
D. one another D. being
2. _____ remain complicated economic 7. Students should always respect ______
problems to be resolved, while the economic opinions because disagreeing does not always
conditions have been good. mean that others are wrong.
A. They A. another
B. It B. other
C. There C. each
D. That D. every
3. If you want to purchase a lower priced 8. _____ who has questions regarding the
ticket, either contact us through regular mail hospital bill, pricing information or insurance
____ call our hotline and then we will send coverage can contact our customer service
you an application immediately. representative.
A. or A. Others
B. neither B. They
C. nor C. Anyone
D. both D. Herself
4. Employees who participate in this training 9. The boarding pass is available from _____
program can learn a great deal about the check-in counter or the self-service
themselves as well as experience in ____ machines.
personal and profession growth. A. either
A. every B. neither
B. both C. both
C. either D. not only
D. whether 10. All employees are required to attend ____
5. If you won’t be able to present a valid the morning and the afternoon sessions of the
receipt, neither may the products be returned training workshop on Friday.
____ are you refunded. A. when
A. or B. both
B. and C. which
C. neither D. some
D. nor

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11. Office ____ are ordered through the 16. A sample of curtain materials _____ sent
central purchasing department and are to our clients.
typically delivered the next business day. A. were
A. supplies B. have
B. supply C. has
C. suppliers D. was
D. supplier 17. Dramatic changes taking place in the
12. Not every company that deals in consumer business environment _____ unprecedented
electronics _____ its stock on the stock challenges for today’s management leaders.
market. A. generates
A. listing B. is generating
B. have listed C. have generated
C. has listed D. generating
D. having listed 18. A few of the retailers mentioned the fact
13. Pro Footwear said its most recent that deliveries of our products _____ often
quarterly earnings ______ the highest ever. arrived late.
A. was A. is
B. were B. being
C. are C. are
D. has been D. have
14. Employees under constant scrutiny tend to 19. The ability of our engineers to produce
perform worse than _____ who have more intricate parts to customers’ specifications
freedom. _____ one of our most valuable assets.
A. another A. is
B. one B. are
C. those C. were
D. that D. being
15. One of the two employees who had passed 20. The trees along the street _____ to be
the examination _____ in charge of the watered at least once a month.
project. A. needs
A. was B. need
B. were C. needing
C. has D. to need
D. have 21. This year, the heating bill, as well as other
expenditures, _____ much higher than that of
last year.
A. was
B. were
C. be
D. am

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TO – INFINITIVES

☺☺☺ Fun with Basic Grammar

What is a to-infinitive? Functions of to-infinitives

What I like to drink is milk?
Functions of to-
Function as a noun infinitives
I have milk to drink.
Function as an adjective
Noun Adjective Adverb
I go to the kitchen to drink milk.
Function as an adverb
In English, to added to a bare infinitive has
different functions in sentences (noun, adjective,
and adverb). This verb form is called a to-
infinitive.

 Form of to-infinitives
A to-infinitive is formed by adding to to a bare infinitive (to + bare infinitive).
I / want / to discuss / the production schedule.
To + bare infinitive

 Does a to-infinitive have properties of a verb?

Although a to-infinitive cannot be the main verb of a sentence, it still has verbal properties. Therefore,
the to-infinitive is known as one of the verbal phrases (besides gerunds and participles). For example,
a to-infinitive can be followed by a complement or an object like to promote trade, or it can be
modified by an adverb like to work abroad.
Vietnam and Japan / signed / an agreement / to promote / trade.
To-infinitive Object
Many employees / hope / to work / abroad.
To-infinitive Adverb

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Position of To-infinitives

To meet Santa Claus is my dream for this Christmas.

To meet Santa Claus comes in the position of the subject in this sentence. A to-infinitive can
come in different positions in a sentence.

 Positions of to-infinitives
A to-infinitive can be put in the position of a subject, an object, a complement, or a modifier of a
sentence.
Subject position: To become an architect / is / my goal.
Subject
Object position: I / want / to become an architect.
Object
Complement position: My dream / is / to become an architect.
Complement
Modifier position: I / have studied / to become an architect.

Modifier

 Parts of speech that cannot come in the positions of a to-infinitive

Bare infinitives cannot come in the positions of a to-infinitive.

He / decided / (accept, to accept) / the position.

Bare infinitive (X) To-infinitive (O)

→ Bare infinitives cannot come in the position of an object, which is the position of a to-infinitive.

Nouns cannot come in the positions of a to-infinitive functioning as an adjective.

This / is/ a complicated topic / (explanation, to explain).

Noun (X) To-infinitive (O)

→ Nouns cannot come in the position of a modifier modifying another noun, which is the position
of a to-infinitive.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 We hope (gain, to gain) a greater market share.
02 Our goal is (to attract, attraction) more customers.
03 Simon’s mistake was (to forget, forget) the date of the conference.
04 I am writing (inquire, to inquire) whether my order was shipped.
05 She is beginning (prepare, to prepare) the company’s anniversary celebration.
06 We will need (to enhance, enhancement) the security of our website.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 The board members unanimously agreed 09 Some residents wish ………. their phone
………. Mr. Weber’s suggestion. numbers after they move.
(A) accept (C) accepted (A) to keep (C) kept
(B) to accept (D) acceptance (B) keep (D) keeper

08 One way of boosting profits is ………. the 10 The accounting department may request
cost of production. receipts ………. your expenses.
(A) reduced (C) to reduce (A) verifying (C) be verified
(B) reduce (D) reduction (B) verify (D) to verify

Vocabulary

01 market share 05 anniversary /anɪˈvəːs(ə)ri/ 08 boost /buːst/

02 goal /ɡəʊl/ celebration /sɛlɪˈbreɪʃ(ə)n/ production /prəˈdʌkʃ(ə)n/

customer /ˈkʌstəmə/ 06 security /sɪˈkjʊərɪti/ 09 resident /ˈrɛzɪd(ə)nt/

03 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ 07 board /bɔːd/ 10 accounting department

conference /ˈkɒnf(ə)r(ə)ns/ unanimously /juːˈnanɪməsli/ receipt /rɪˈsiːt/

04 whether /ˈwɛðə/ suggestion /səˈdʒɛstʃ(ə)n/ expense /ɪkˈspɛns/

ship /ʃɪp/

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Functions of To-infinitives

To climb up the mountain is their hobby.

Almost everybody gets up early to climb up the mountain.
To-infinitives can have different functions in a sentence. In the first sentence, it is a subject, and in
the second one, it is a modifier.

 To-infinitive as a noun
As a noun, a to-infinitive can come in the position of a subject, an object, or a complement of a
sentence. In this case, it describes an action.
Subject: To arrive on time / is / very important.
Subject
Object: Jennifer / refused / to change her opinion.
Object
Complement: Her goal / is / to hand in reports this week.
Complement

 To-infinitive as an adjective
A to-infinitive can follow and modify a noun, which functions as an adjectives. In this case, this to-
infinitive means going to do something or having to do something in the future.
Noun complement: Ms. Akashi / has / an urgent meeting / to attend.
Noun

 To-infinitive as an adverb

A to-infinitive can stand at the beginning of a sentence or after a verb in order to modify the whole
sentence or the main verb, which functions as an adverb. In this case, this to-infinitive means for the
purpose of ……

Modifying the whole sentence: To buy supplies, / we / need / approval / from the director.

Modifying the verb: Susan / exercises / to maintain good health.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Many people prefer (invest, to invest) in the IT industry.
02 (To update, Update) our website is my main responsibility.
03 Our policy is (donation, to donate) money to charities every year.
04 He has a presentation (to make, make) on sales strategies.
05 (To protect, Protection) your skin, you should use UltraCare sunblock.
06 She called (to reschedule, reschedule) her appointment with Mr. Lee.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 …………..the facilities before the 09 The meeting’s purpose is ………….

upcoming event, the firm required several Improvements in employee benefits.
staff members to work overtime. (A) discuss (C) discussion
(A) To inspect (C) Inspection (B) will discuss (D) to discuss
(B) Inspected (D) Inspect

08 Every company has an obligation 10 Mr. McCarran checked the advertisements

………….its workers with a safe and healthy in several newspapers ………….for a used
work atmosphere. digital camera.
(A) provide (C) provision (A) of looking (C) look
(B) provides (D) to provide (B) to look (D) looks

Vocabulary

01 Prefer /prɪˈfəː/ 05 Skin /skɪn/ 09 Purpose /ˈpəːpəs/

Industry /ˈɪndəstri/ Sunblock /ˈsʌnblɒk/ Improvement
02 Main /meɪn/ 06 Appointment /əˈpɔɪntm(ə)nt/ /ɪmˈpruːvm(ə)nt/
Responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsɪˈbɪlɪti/ 07 Facility /fəˈsɪlɪti/ 10 Advertisement
03 Policy /ˈpɒlɪsi/ Upcoming /ʌpˈkʌmɪŋ/ /ədˈvəːtɪzm(ə)nt/
Charity /ˈtʃarɪti/ Firm /fəːm/ Used /juːzd/
04 Presentation /prɛz(ə)nˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ Work /wəːk/
Sales /seɪl/ 08 Obligation /ɒblɪˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n/
Strategy /ˈstratɪdʒi/ Atmosphere /ˈatməsfɪə/

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Verbs Followed by a To-infinitive

I decided (to study, studying) English every day.

The verb decide needs a to-infinitive as its object. There are many other verbs which need a to-
infinitive as an object.

 Verb + to-infinitive

Below are some verbs followed by a to-infinitive.

Agree Hope Promise

Choose Learn Refuse
Decide Offer Want
Fail Plan Wish
The supplier / offered / to send samples.

The congressmen / agreed / to aid small enterprises.

Some people / refuse / to pay their income taxes.

 Verb + object + to-infinitive

Below are some verbs which take a to-infinitive as an object complement.

Ask Invite Remind

Encourage Permit / allow Want
Force Persuade Warn

The guard / allowed / me / to come into the building.

Object

The manager / encouraged / us / to think creatively.

Object

He / wants / Susie / to correct he errors in his report.

Object

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 The presenter forced attendees (to set, setting) yearly goals.
02 Bigtown, Inc. permits employees (moving, to move) to other branches.
03 The corporation wishes (relocating, to relocate) outside New York.
04 The manager promised (to lower, lowering) the sales quotas for new dealers.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 We would like to remind customers 06 The team failed ………. the project, so they
………. this device cautiously. did not receive bonuses.
(A) handling (C) handle (A) complete (C) completes
(B) handled (D) to handle (B) to complete (D) completed
Questions 1-4 refer to the following report.
Inspection of Building Codes at the Barbara Worth Hotel
by the County of Imperial Civil Engineers
On March 20, The County of Imperial Civil Engineers --- 1. --- the structural integrity of the
Barbara Worth Hotel structure, at 15 Main Street, El Centro 92243.
Based on this examination, the Imperial County Civil Engineers found that the building is out
of code and needs general upgrading to meet the county's building fire codes, particularly the
fire escape stairways. ---2.---
This ---3.--- would cover materials, labor and installation. These modifications we've
suggested will bring the hotel's fire escapes up to the current county building codes for fire
escapes.
As noted at the time of the inspection, Imperial County Civil Engineers ---4.--- seeks to
subsidize and reduce costs through matching federal government funds and help the hotel stay
in business. Thank you for allowing the county to serve you and the people of the city of EI
Centro.

1. (A) examine (B) examined (C) are examining (D) will examine
2. (A) A budget will be created to cover all of the repairs needed at every one of the old sites.
(B) Not all hotels are required to follow the structural integrity guidelines set by the city.
(C) The projected costs for the stairway upgrades would be about $125,000-$150,000.
(D) All of the buildings will need such repairs and must be available for inspection.
3. (A) link (B) process (C) difficulty (D) amount
4. (A) aggressively (B) now (C) sadly (D) really

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Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 The company needs a consultant with (inquiry, expertise, defects) in real estate.
02 The CEO should ensure the (stability, issue, request) of the company.
03 Stock price is an (indicator, invitation, expertise) of expected future profits.
04 The medication reduces the (duration, profits, purpose) of symptoms associated with the flu.
Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 Mr. Robert recently received an ……… 06 ………. for additional copies should be
to participate in the annual conference. addressed to the Service Center.
(A) expression (C) indicator (A) Requests (C) Retirements
(B) invitation (D) honor (B) Developments (D) Facilities
Questions 1-4 refer to the following letter.
Dear Suntech Employees,
On behalf of Suntech Corporation, we would like to express our sincere ---1.--- for your hard
work and continued endeavor to strive for the best.
You are --- 2.--- invited to our 7th annual luncheon on December 22nd, 2016 at the Regency
Hotel reception room B from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. Dress code is business casual and
transportation can be provided for those who ---3.--- it. ---4.--- Please RSVP by December
18th, and contact Ms. Jones at Human Resources if you have any further questions.
We hope you can attend the luncheon as this event will help give fellow colleagues a chance to
mingle outside of the office setting.
We look forward to seeing you.
Sincerely,
John Smith

1. (A) recognition (B) gratitude (C) apology (D) appeal

2. (A) approvingly (B) contentedly (C) cordially (D) generously
3. (A) make (B) advance (C) request (D) reply
4. (A) Volunteers are welcome to join us in organizing the event.
(B) We hope that you will help this event to happen by making a small donation
(C) Thank you in advance for selecting us to cater for this event.
(D) Also, please make your menu selections when you RSVP.

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GERUNDS
☺☺☺ Fun with Basic Grammar

What is a gerund? Functions of gerunds

I love reading books. Functions of
Function as a noun gerunds
The –ing form of a verb used as a noun is called a
gerund. Noun

 Form of gerunds
A gerund if formed by adding –ing to a bare infinitive (bare infinitive + -ing)
Ms. Holly / postponed / completing the papers.
Bare infinitive + -ing

 Differences between a noun and a gerund

A gerund can take an object, but a noun cannot. In addition, a gerund cannot be preceded by an
article, while a noun can.

Gerund Noun
Object O X
Article X O
She / stopped / collecting comic books.
Gerund Object

We / went to a park / after lunch.

Article Noun

CHECK UP

Which of the following fits the sentence?

Many workers enjoy ……………the leadership training program.

(A) attendance (B) attending

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 Does a gerund have properties of a verb?
Even though a gerund cannot function as a main verb, it does have verbal properties, which is similar
to a to-infinitive. A gerund can take an object or a complement and can be modified by an adverb.
We / consider / improving health care.
Gerund Object
Exercising regularly / is / important.
Gerund Adverb

CHECK UP

Which of the following is the gerund?

Our company attempted reducing the number of paid holidays.

(A) (B)

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Positions and Functions of Gerunds

I love traveling by air.

In this sentence, the phrase traveling by air comes in the position of the object of the verb love. A
gerund can come in different positions in a sentence.

 Positions and functions of gerunds

A gerund can be used as a noun; therefore, it can be put in the position of a subject, an object, a
complement, or right after a proposition, which functions as a noun.

Subject position: Playing the guitar / is / one of my hobbies.

Subject

Object position: I / like / getting up early in the morning.

Object

Complement position: My main interest / is / writing poetry.

Complement

After a preposition: Lauren / left / without saying a word.

Preposition

 Parts of speech that cannot come in the positions of a gerund

Bare infinitives cannot come in the positions of a gerund.

(Demand, Demanding) a raise in salary / is not acceptable.

Bare infinitive (X) Gerund (O)

→ A gerund, not a bare infinitive, must come in the subject position.

A gerund can follow a preposition, while a bare infinitive or a to-infinitive cannot.

The owner / cared / about ( to improve, improving) service.

Preposition To-infinitive(X) Gerund(O)

→ A gerund, not a to-infinitive, is needed after a preposition.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Neil, Inc. has begun (produce, producing) memory chips.
02 Stress can prevent one from (sleeping, slept) well.
03 Our first priority is (confirm, confirming) all our hotel reservations.
04 (Read, Reading) the instructions on the package is essential.
05 We stopped (developing, develop) alternative fuels due to financial difficulties.
06 You should look around before (joining, to join) a health club.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 ………. the speech several times before 09 The company’s first priority is ………. its
the ceremony is necessary. customers with high-quality products.
(A) Practice (C) Practiced (A) provides (C) providing
(B) Practices (D) Practicing (B) provide (D) provided

08 The Cohen Company started ………. 10 Competitiveness is maintained by ……….

wallpaper with flower designs last year. the skills of the employees.
(A) making (C) made (A) upgrading (C) to upgrade
(B) make (D) of making (B) upgrades (D) upgraded

Vocabulary

02 Prevent 05 Alternative fuel 09 Major /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/

03 First priority Financial/faɪˈnænʃl/ Concern /kənˈsɜːn/

Reservation/ˌrezəˈveɪʃn/ 06 Look around 10 Competitiveness

04 Instruction/ɪnˈstrʌkʃn/ 07 Speech /spiːtʃ/ /kəmˈpetətɪvnəs/

Package /ˈpækɪdʒ/ Ceremony /ˈserəməni/ Maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/

Essential /ɪˈsenʃl/ Necessary /ˈnesəsəri/

08 Wallpaper/ˈwɔːlpeɪpə(r)/

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Verb Followed by a Gerund

I enjoy (to listen, listening) to music.

In this sentence, the verb enjoy takes the gerund listening as its object. There are many other
verbs followed by a gerund.

 Verb + gerund

Below are some verbs followed by a gerund.

Avoid Enjoy Postpone

Consider Finish Recommend
Deny Give up Suggest

The entrepreneur / considered / buying the hotel.

Teenagers / enjoy / listening to music / online.

 Verb + gerund/ to-infinitive

Below are some verbs followed by either a gerund or a to-infinitive.

Attempt Hate Love

Begin Intend Prefer
Continue Like Start

They / continued / producing textiles.

= They / continued / to produce textiles.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 I personally prefer (take, taking) public transportation to work.
02 Mr. Fox denied (receiving, to receive) a bribe for a venue bid.
03 The government attempted (to stop, stop) illegal immigration.
04 Ms. Rho asked her attorney to finish (reviewing, to review) the contract by tomorrow.
05 Avoid (to expose, exposing) the disc to intense direct light as this may ruin it.
06 The CEO enjoys (talking, to talk) with staff member in the department.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 The film is considering ………. a strict 09 The marketing manager suggested ……….
policy regarding employee absences. the logo to enhance the image of the company.
(A) to introduce (C) introduced (A) change (C) to change
(B) introduce (D) introducing (B) changing (D) of changing

08 We strongly recommend ………. rooms 10 Toby Electronics requests that customers

more than eight weeks in advance during the postpone ………. GXT 250 laptops until the
busy summer months. technical issues are resolved.
(A) books (C) booking (A) purchase (C) purchasing
(B) to book (D) be booked (B) purchased (D) to purchase

Vocabulary

01 Personally /ˈpɜːsənəli/ 04 Attorney /əˈtɜːni/ 06 Enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/

Public transportation Contract /ˈkɒntrækt/ 10 Postpone /pəˈspəʊn/
02 Bribe /braɪb/ 05 Intense /ɪnˈtens/ Resolve /rɪˈzɒlv/
Venue/ˈvenjuː/ Direct light
Bid /bɪd/ Ruin /ˈruːɪn/
03 Government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ 07 Policy /ˈpɒləsi/
Illegal /ɪˈliːɡl/ Absence /ˈæbsəns/
Immigration /ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃn/ 08 In advance

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Expressions Followed by a Gerund

I am used to (drive, driving).

Be used tois followed by a gerund. In English, there are many other expressions that are followed
by a gerund.
 Collocations with a gerund

Below are some collocations with a gerund.

Be aware of V-ing Feel like V-ing

Be busy V-ing Go V-ing
Be capable of V-ing Keep (on) V-ing
Be worth V-ing On V-ing
Have difficult (in) V-ing Spend + time / money + V-ing
I / feel like / having pizza.

I / had difficulty / communicating in English.

We / spent / a lot of time / collecting information.

 Preposition to + gerund

The preposition to is followed by a gerund. To is sometimes misunderstood as to in a to-infinitive;

therefore, be careful to use a gerund, not a bare infinitive, after the preposition to.

Be committed to V-ing Contribute to V-ing

Be devoted to V-ing Look forward to V-ing
Be used to V-ing Object to V-ing
I / look forward / to meeting you.

The farmers / objected / to lowering trade barriers.

The employees / are used / to handling complaints.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.
01 Our consultants are aware of (making, to make) new trends in the international market.
02 The new Greek restaurant is worth (to try, trying).
03 Every company division will contribute to (improve, improving) productivity.
04 The firm spends a lot of money (advertising, advertisement) new goods.
 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 The government is committed to 06 The new computer is capable of ……….

………. natural resources. amounts of data.
(A) preserving (C) preserved (A) processed (C) be processing
(B) preserve (D) preservation (B) process (D) processing
Questions 1-4 refer to the following email.
From: Mark Cross
To: Mr. Sam Christianson
Subject: It was a pleasure to meet you.
Dear Mr. Christianson,
It was very ---1.--- to speak with you today about the assistant account executive position at
Bright Star Agency. The job seems to be an excellent ---2.--- for my skills and interest. The
creative approach to account management that you described confirms my desire to work with
you.
---3.--- my enthusiasm, I will bring to the position strong writing skills, assertiveness, and the
ability to encourage others to work cooperatively with the department. ---4.---
I appreciate the time you took to interview me. I am very interested in working for you and
look forward to hearing from you regarding the position.
Sincerely,
Mark Cross
markcross@cmail.com , Tel: (543) 496-9786
1. (A) enjoy (B) enjoyable (C) enjoyment (D) have enjoyed
2. (A) match (B) competition (C) raise (D) mark
3. (A) Even though (B) Furthermore (C) In addition to (D) After all
4. (A) Today is just the beginning of the relationship.
(B) I strive to make myself an asset to any company I work with.
(C) Let me introduce our plans for the future.
(D) You are more than competent as a manager.

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Choose one correct option in the parentheses.

01 Guests will have the (complaint, effort, opportunity) to try wines.

02 The following is a (total, point, summary) of activities scheduled for this year.
03 The hotel is gaining (participation, discount, popularity) because of its facilities.
04 Mr. Dyen will secure his (schedule, position, order) as a manager for another year.
Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 Every customers will have the ………. 06 Changing the locks frequently is a highly
of canceling the order at any time. recommended ………. .
(A) summary (C) exception (A) plot (C) spot
(B) option (D) expertise (B) point (D) practice
Questions 1-4 refer to the following advertisement.
La Skin is the moisturizing facial cream that is --- 1.--- coveted by women all over the world.
With almost 20 years of research and thousands of experiments behind it, this cream has
become the best kept secret for youthful looking skin.
La Skin uses the essential oils found in the rarest desert flowers which --- 2.--- the skin with
potent renewal properties and intense nutrition. Even the driest skin types will experience
regenerating moisture for a dewy, youthful glow. Skin will not only become softer and firmer,
flaws will disappear after only three weeks of daily use, and fine lines and wrinkles will be
dramatically ---3.--- Skin tone will even out and pores will minimize for a natural, youthful
restoration of beautiful flawless skin.
--- 4.---

1. (A) rarely (B) most (C) poorly (D) some

2. (A) inoculate (B) impart (C) invest (D) infuse

3. (A) reduced (B) reducing (C) reduce (D) reduction

4. (A) Please apply in person to become part of the sales team.

(B) There are recommended patterns of application.
(C) To begin your journey to healthy looking skin, start with La Skin moisturizer.
(D) The moisturizer should not be used in combination with similar products.

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 SUPPLEMENTARY EXERCISES
1. …the speech several times before the 6. The company’s first priority is … its
ceremony is necessary. customers with high-quality products.
A. Practice A. provides
B. Practiced B. providing
C. Practices C. provide
D. Practicing D. provided

2. Competitiveness is maintained by … the 7. The Cohen Company started …wallpaper

skills of the employees. with flower designs last year.
A. upgrading A. making
B. to upgrade B. made
C. upgrades C. make
D. upgraded D. of making

3. …the facilities before the upcoming event, 8. Some residents wish … their phone
the firm required several staff members to numbers after they move.
work overtime. A. to keep
A. To inspect B. kept
B. Inspection C. keep
C. Inspected D. keeper
D. Inspect
9. One way of boosting profits is ………..the
4. The meeting’s purpose is …improvements cost of production.
in employee benefits. A. reduced
A. discuss B. to reduce
B. discussion C. reduce
C. will discuss D. reduction
D. to discuss
10. The film is considering …a strict policy
5. The board members unanimously agreed … regarding employee absences.
Mr. Weber’s suggestion. A. to introduce
A. accept B. introduced
B. accepted C. introduce
C. to accept D. introducing
D. acceptance

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11. The marketing manager suggested …the 16. Mr. McCarran checked the
logo to enhance the image of the company. advertisements in several newspapers
A. change …………….. for a used digital camera.
B. to change (A) of looking
C. changing (B) look
D. of changing (C) to look
(D) looks
12. We strongly recommend … rooms more
than eight weeks in advance during the busy 17. We would like to remind customers
summer months. …………… this device cautiously.
A. books (A) handling
B. booking (B) handle
C. to book (C) handled
A. be booked (D) to handle

13. The accounting department may request 18. Our consultants are aware of
receipts … your expenses. ………………. new trends in the international
A. verifying market.
B. be verified A. making
C. verify B. to make
D. to verify C. made
D. be made
14. Toby Electronics requests that customers
postpone… GXT 250 laptops until the 19. The new Greek restaurant is worth ….
technical issues are resolved. A. to try
A. purchase B. trying
B. purchasing C. tried
C. purchased D. be tried
D. to purchase
20. Every company division will contribute to
15. Every company has an obligation …its … productivity.
workers with a safe and healthy work A. improve
atmosphere. B. to improve
(A) provide C. improving
(B) provision D. improved
(C) provides
(D) to provide

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21. The firm spends a lot of money … new 23. The new computer is capable of …
goods. amounts of data.
A. advertise (A) processed
B. advertising (B) be processing
C. advertised (C) process
D. to advertise (D) processing

22. The government is committed to … 24. The team failed …the project, so they did
natural resources. not receive bonuses.
(A) preserving (A) complete
(B) preserved (B) completes
(C) preserve (C) to complete
(D) preservation (D) completed

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ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

☺☺☺ Fun with Basic Grammar

What is an adjective clause?

He’s the friend that I like
Adjective clause
The group of words that I like modifies the noun friend. A clause that modifies a noun as that I
like is called an adjective clause.

 Form of adjective clauses

An adjective clause is formed by adjective clause conjunction + (subject) + verb ~. An

adjective clause is also known as a relative clause, and adjective clause conjunctions are also called
relative pronouns.

He / is / a film director / who is famous for his use of special effects.

Relative pronoun (who) + verb (is) ~ = Adjective clause

CHECK UP

Which of the following is the adjective clause?

I have a friend who is interested in marketing area.

(A) (B)
→ This adjective clause is formed by relative pronoun + (subject) + verb ~.

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 What are relative pronouns?
Relative pronouns consist of who, which, that depending on their preceding nouns (people, things,
animals) and their functions in a clause (subjective, objective, or possessive).
Case
Subjective Objective Possessive
Modified nouns
People Who Who/ whom Whose
Things, animals Which Which Whose/ of which
People, things, animals That That
Diana / mentioned / a former colleague / who quit his job last year.

Noun (person) Relative pronoun (subjective)

CHECK UP
Which relative pronoun fits the following sentence?
The manager is looking at the chart ………. shows the volume of sales.
(A) which (B) who
→ The preceding noun chart is a thing and the pronoun needed for the blank functions as the
subject of the adjective clause.

 How is an adjective clause formed?

Two sentences that have two nouns/ pronouns referring to the same person / thing / animal can be
combined into one by changing the second noun/pronoun into a relative pronoun. The relative pronoun
functions as a conjunction linking the two sentences and is used to replace the noun/ pronoun.
I have a dog. + It is cute.
(Dog and it refer to the same animal.)
I have a dog which is cute.
(The relative pronoun which both combines two sentences and replaces the pronoun it.)
CHECK UP
Which of the two options is correct?
We will do regular inspections (they, which) are a part of quality control.
→ The correct word in this sentence should be a relative pronoun. It combines two sentences
and functions as the subject of the adjective clause.

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Positions of Adjective Clauses

The musical instrument that I learn to play is the violin.

In this sentence, that I learn to play is an adjective clause. In English, in a particular sentence, an
adjective clause must come right after the noun it modifies.

 Positions of adjective clauses

An adjective clause (or a relative clause) follows the noun it modifies.

The man / [who gave the speech ] / is / my boss.

Noun

I / found / some errors / in the report / [which he wrote].

Noun

Ashley / showed / me / the letter / [that she received].

Noun

 Parts of speech that cannot come in the positions of relative pronouns

A personal pronoun (he, she, they, etc.) cannot come in the positions of a relative pronoun.

Patients/ [(they, who) want to see a doctor] / should wait.

Noun Personal Relative

pronoun (X) pronoun (O)

→ The relative pronoun who which begins the adjective clause and modifies the noun patients
cannot be replaced by the personal pronoun they.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.

01 Randy Hayes’ book (which, it) studies international banking is a bestseller.

02 Warehouse workers stocked the items (these, that) are popular in stores.
03 The consultant (who, he) gave us advice will visit the office tomorrow.
04 Our department manager will produce reports (that, they) evaluate the employees’ performances.
05 The head office must hire someone (this, who) can update its accounting software.
06 The report includes the sales figures (those, that) we corrected today.

 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

07 Shoppers ………. present a coupon can 09 The concert ………. was held in the
get a 20 percent discount. theater yesterday is the best I have ever seen.
(A) who (C) there (A) who (C) those
(B) they (D) when (B) which (D) they

08 If the lawyer had had time, she would 10 The company will move into a new office
have verified the content of the document building, ………. Atlanta Builders
………. you gave her last week. constructed.
(A) who (C) whose (A) they (C) which
(B) those (D) that (B) it (D) those

Vocabulary

02 Warehouse /ˈweəhaʊs/ 05 Hire /ˈhaɪə(r)/ 08 Content /ˈkɒntent/

Stock /stɒk/ Accounting /əˈkaʊntɪŋ/ 10 Move into

03 Consultant /kənˈsʌltənt/ 06 Include /ɪnˈkluːd/ Construct /kənˈstrʌkt/

Advice /ədˈvaɪs/ Sales figure

04 Evaluate /ɪˈvæljueɪt/ Correct /kəˈrekt/

Performance /pəˈfɔːməns/ 07 Present /ˈpreznt/

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Relative Pronouns

I met the man (who, which) had a tattoo.

Since the noun man before the relative pronoun indicates people, the relative pronoun beginning
the following relative clause must also indicate people. The relative pronoun in a relative clause
must correspond with the noun it replaces and its function in the clause.

 Who/ which

Who is used when the relative clause follows a noun indicating people, whereas which is used to
refer to a noun indicating things or animals.

Guests / [(which, who) came to the party] / brought / food.

People

I / lost / the watch / [(who, which) I bought yesterday].

Thing

 Subjective case / objective case / possessive case

If there is no subject in a relative clause, the subjective relative pronouns who, which, that should
be used.
People / [who register today] / receive / a 20 percent discount.
→ Because this relative clause does not contain a subject, the subjective relative pronoun who
should be used.
If there is no object in a relative clause, the objective relative pronouns whom, which, that should
be used or can be omitted.
He / is / the dealer / [whom I met at the conference].
→ Because this relative clause does not contain an object, the objective relative pronoun whom
should be used or can be omitted.
This / is / the list / [which the customer requested].
→ Because this relative clause does not contain an object, the objective relative pronoun which
should be used or can be omitted.
If a relative clause has a noun that is part of or belongs to the noun before the relative clause, the
possessive relative pronoun whose should be used.
I / rented / a house / [whose roof was blue].
→ Because this relative clause has the noun roof which is part of the noun house, the possessive
relative pronoun whose should be used.

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 Choose one correct option in the parentheses.

01 The company is producing a new tire (who, which) is extremely durable.

02 This organization is hiring a PR man (whom, whose) responsibilities will include fundraising.
03 The second edition (who, which) will be available soon has an additional chapter.
04 Writers (whose, who) work is admired internationally usually write about universal subjects.

 Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 He recommends this website for anyone 06 The secretary printed some

……….is thinking about buying a car. invitations……….he will send tomorrow.
(A) when (C) which (A) which (C) whose
(B) what (D) who (B) who (D) what
Questions 1-4 refer to the following email.
From: Chop and Salad Catering
To: Ms. Diane Hurt
Subject: Welcome to our VIP list.
Dear Ms. Hurt,
Thank you for --- 1.--- the time to sign up for our VIP email list. It's been a pleasure catering
some of your past events and we look forward to working with you in the future.
First things first, we won't be emailing you all of the time. That's one of the things anyone
hates about signing up for email lists. We'll only reach out when we have ---2.--- very
important news, or there is something of --- 3--- to you. Such as amazing new menus, and
promotions and coupons only people such as yourself get access to. Otherwise you won't hear
from us and you can go on about your business not being inundated by emails from Chop and
Salad Catering.
---4---
Tom Gross, Chop and Salad Catering
1. (A) take (B) takes (C) took (D) taking
2. (A) one (B) a few (C) a bunch (D) some
3. (A) process (B) revenue (C) benefit (D) openness
4. (A) We will be sending you email offers daily!
(B) Thanks again for being a friend of Chop and Salad Catering!
(C) That's because catering is an art not a science.
(D) I hope you enjoy this promotion.

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Choose one correct option in the parentheses.

01 Oil prices increased (simultaneously, importantly, markedly) two years ago.

02 Companies work (initially, cooperatively, fairly) to find solutions to problems

03 Clients have (repeatedly, markedly, briefly) requested information on our new products.

04 The employee who (seriously, voluntarily, widely) took on a difficult task was promoted.

Choose the correct option for each of the following sentences.

05 The New Chinese Financial Newspaper 06 The country suffered a(n) ………..high
will be released ………..in Singapore and unemployment rate for years.
Taiwan. (A) wrongly (C) unusually
(A) typically (C) conveniently (B) improperly (D) hugely
(B) stringently (D) simultaneously

Questions 1-4 refer to the following advertisement.

Welcome to the Grand Opening of the Lake Park Plaza!
Please join us as we (1)… our Grand Opening on Frida, March 16 at 1:30 p.m. The Lake Park
Plaza shopping center will (2)…...open for business with a ribbon cutting.(8)…….. The speech
will be followed by a party which will begin (9) …………at 2:30 p.m.
1 (A) celebrate (C) close
(B) make (D) implement
2 (A) normally (C) presently 4 (A) randomly (C) promptly
(B) officially (D) recently (B) relatively (D) ultimately
3 (A) The firm spends a lot of money advertising new goods.
(B)The government is committed to preserving natural resources.
(C)The team failed to complete the project, so they did not receive bonuses.
(D)The president of the Lake Park Plaza will then give a speech about her long-term
vision for the shopping center.

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 SUPPLEMENTARY EXERCISES
1. Customers _______ products are provided D. which
and maintained through an existing
arrangement should contact us immediately. 6. Customers ____ wish to return merchandise
A. who within 7 days of purchase must present the
B. which valid receipt to the store.
C. whose A. who
D. that B. when
C. what
2. Emma Jean, ____ was nominated for an D. whom
Employee of the Month Award for her
exceptional work performance, will deliver a 7. The head of the department _____ the
speech this evening. banquet room for a party should submit a
A. who required form to the Catering Department.
B. anyone A. use
C. whose B. used
D. whichever C. using
D. will use
3. You will need to take the time to evaluate
your own needs in order to determine the 8. Pay attention is a company newsletter
purposes for _____ you will use the software. _______ throughout the world which provides
A. that information regarding the use of our products.
B. which A. distributing
C. whom B. distributed
D. what C. distribution
D. distributes
4. Scientist ____ a regional conference this
week agree climate change in the woods is 9. Our sales and technical staff are always
alarming. ready to help you decide _______ product is
A. attend best for you.
B. attending A. about
C. have attended B. whom
D. will attend C. on
D. which
5. The names of upper management to ____
you must report will be provided in order to
get budgets approved for projects.
A. whom
B. whoever
C. what

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10. The Atkins Corporation will introduce a 15. In its continuing effort to enhance
wireless Internet terminal, ______ is also a security, INS is immediately implementing
cellular phone. rule changes _____ the period of time visitors
A. what are permitted to remain in the United States.
B. where A. governed
C. which B. governing
D. who C. govern
D. government
11. _______ interested in coaching the little
league team may speak with organizer at 16. State law requires the registrant to publish
extension 213. the Business Nam Statement within 30 days in
A. Whoever a newspaper that serves the county _____ the
B. They business is located.
C. Anyone A. which
D. One B. in that
C. in which
12. Anyone _____ the report would reach the D. what
same conclusion.
A. who 17. The first writing _____ evidence of is on
B. who read Mesopotamian clay tables.
C. reading A. we
D. whoever B. that we
C. has
13. There is a matter relating to the new D. that we have
equipment _____ I need to discuss with you
before you leave for the meeting in London. 18. Systems _____ the two symbols 0 and 1
A. who are called binary number systems.
B. what A. use
C. when B. they use
D. which C. uses
D. using
14. Jasmine Investment, previously ______
TR Financial, is hoping to increase its client 19. My family, _______ is more than $
base by 50% this year. 50,000, pays about 25 percent income tax.
A. naming A. whose income
B. was named B. who
C. named C. who income
D. name D. which

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20. It was thrilling experience to meet the 22. You may return for full credit any
author of the book _____ we had been reading merchandise with ____ you are not satisfied.
all semester. A. who
A. that B. what
B. whose C. which
C. who D. whose
D. whom
23. ______ responding to the restaurant
21. We are pleased that you have been survey will receive a $10 gift certificate to the
accepted a full-time position as a financial Rangely Café.
adviser ______ in our Kuala Lumpur office. A. Whoever
A. basing B. Whose
B. base C. Someone
C. based D. Everyone
D. bases
24. This is to remind you of the upcoming
Calculations Software training seminar, _____
will be made available twice daily on Judy 1st.
A. who
B. that
C. whose
D. which

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PREPOSITIONS & CONJUNCTIONS
I. PREPOSITIONS
Point 1: In
A. Time

 in + year, century, era

in 2006 in the 19th century in the 1970s

 in + month, season

in January in the summer

Note: on January 5th

 in + part of a day

in the morning /afternoon/evening

Note: at dawn at noon at night

B. Place

 in + place (usu. big)

in the world in the universe

 in + names of oceans, continents

in the Pacific in Asia

 in + names of countries, states, cities

in Korea in California in Seoul

 in + neighborhood/suburb...

in the neighborhood (of) in the suburbs (of)

C. Other uses
 in + language
in English in Spanish in Korean

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  in + newspaper, magazine
in the newspaper Note on TV on the radio
 in + academic subject, field of expertise, industry
in science in chemical engineering
 in + department/division (of a company)
in the accounting department
in the public relations department
 in + means of transport
in[on] a taxi Note: by taxi

D. Some idiomatic expressions with "in"

in my opinion in front of
in the future in the middle of
in the rear of in the meantime
in danger of in the end
in general in detail
in particular in line
in person in part
in a row in time
in the past
in season <->out of season
in session <->out of session
in stock <->out of stock
in print<->out of print

The next performance appraisal will be conducted in June of 2007.

Many employees take their vacation leave in summer to take advantage of the fine weather.
It will be the first time in fifteen years if our basketball team qualifies for the semifinal.

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Point 2: On

A. Time

 on + date, specific period of time

on October 8 on the morning of October 8

on that day

 on + day

on Friday on Saturday

B. Place, space

 on + street

on Wall Street

 on + space, surface

on the wall on the floor on the ceiling on the cover

C. Some idiomatic expressions with "on"

on foot on a business trip

on vacation on sale
on the market on schedule
on time on a diet
on duty on leave
on a map on air
on the other hand on purpose
on strike on top of
on the wane

The land on which a local company wanted to construct their manufacturing facilities was sold
to a competitor at a lower price.
Ms. Simpson will consummate her love with Mr. Smith on May 29, so, please come and
congratulate them on their marriage.
John is trying to sell his apartment, and it has been on the market since January
last year.
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Point 3: at
The preposition at is used before a noun that mainly refers to an exact or a particular time or an
exact position or particular place.
A. Time and place
 at + an exact or a particular time
at 7:30 at dawn at noon at midnight
at night at the beginning[end] of this month
at the end of this year
 at + address
at 123 Wilson Street
 at + an exact position or particular place
at the station at the airport at the door
at work at the meeting
B. Some idiomatic expressions with "at"
at best at first
at last at least
at most at the moment
at risk at table
at present at random
at times at the same time
at a low price at rest
at work at all times

Mr. Smith's presentation is scheduled to begin at three o'clock this afternoon in the conference
room.
The country's currency depreciated at a surprisingly fast pace after the import liberalization.
The board members are planning to hold an employee appreciation banquet at the Mirage Hotel
in Las Vegas at the end of the year.

Point 4: for
The expression “for + noun (phrase)” is used to refer to a purpose.
for free for good
for rent for sale
Membership is open to all for free.

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Point 5: by

Unlike in, on or with, no article is used with by when it refers to means of transport.

A. By + means of transport, payment

by taxi by car by plane
by check by credit card
Note in a taxi [car/bus] on a plane in my car
B. By + gerund
Higher interest rates will decrease profits by raising borrowing costs.
C. By chance
I met him by chance while walking on the street.
D. By far is used to emphasize a comparative or superlative.
She is by far the best female executive in the company.

Point 6: by vs. until

By means "no later than". However, if something happens until a particular time, it happens
during the period before that time and stops at that time.
A. By = no later than
The work must be done by (= no later than) the end of the week. This June, we will start with
the Gibraltar factory expansion project, so we should have the construction schedule finalized by
the last week of May.
By 6 a.m. things had cleared up enough for the team to survey the damage caused by the sudden
thunderstorm.
B. Until
The corner store is open until midnight.
Business analysts expect that the economic recovery and the upward trend in spending is likely
to continue until next year.

Point 7:despite /in spite of

Both despite and in spite of mean "without taking any notice of or being influenced by” and are
followed by a noun (phrase).
despite + noun (phrase)
in spite of

Despite campaigns about the dangers of excessive drinking, most countries still see a steady
increase in the number of alcoholics.

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Point 8: because of/ due to/ thanks to/ owing to
because
of
due to + noun (phrase)
thanks to
owing to
Northwest Airlines offered to compensate passengers who missed flight 777 because of over-
booking problems.
Due to the heavy traffic along the main road, the workshop administrator was more than thirty
minutes late.
Thanks to a strong economic recovery this year, a lot of companies were able to avoid filing for
bankruptcy.

Point 9: except
except (for) + noun (phrase)
except that + clause (subject + verb)
aside from

barring + noun (phrase)

without + noun (phrase)
but for + noun (phrase)
Delivery is free for all dishes on the menu except for the items noted below. All assembly-line
workers except the night-shift staff should report to the conference room immediately for
equipment training.
Barring an extreme fluctuation in the exchange rate, the current foreign car prices will remain in
effect until the end of the year.

Point 10: between vs, among

A. Between
 between A and B
 between two + plural noun
Although good health depends on a number of factors, in general, there is a close correlation
between the wealth of a country and the health status of its people.
B. Among
 among + plural noun
The teacher is popular among students because he has a sense of humor.

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Point 11: Prepositions of duration
A. For + specific period of time
for five years for two hours
Dr. Allison has trained all the nurses at the Detroit Medical Hospital for the past two years.
B. During + the + noun of particular time
during the day during the vacations
It is necessary for company executive members to attend many meetings and conferences during
the workday.
C. Over
over the last few years
D. Throughout
The Health Board announced its intention of performing at least 50 surprise inspections of juice
bars throughout the year.
E. Within + duration and place
within ten days

Point 12: Prepositions of directions

A. To
go to + place
return + object + to + place
send + object + to + place
report + object + to + person/organization
Please report the survey results directly to the personnel department by next Tuesday.

B. for + destination
Leave for + place Start for + place
Depart for + place Be bound for + place
He left for London last night.
This train is bound for New York.

C. towards
Let’s go towards the coast.

D. from A to B
I walk from the station to the library every day.

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Point 13: under
A. in a lower position or place than; subject to the authority, rule, or control of
Under the new management, Yorkshire Garments will establish facilities in Asia and the
Pacific.
B. in the process of
under construction under discussion

Point 14: of
The preposition of is used in apposition, in the subjective, objective, or possessive case to create
a link between two nouns.
The construction of the business center will be delayed because of financial problems.
Despite the lack of advice available on these products, there has been an incredible growth in
sales over the past five years.

Point 15: Prepositions of reference

concerning
regarding
with regard to + noun (phrase)
with respect to
with reference to

I'm writing to thank you for giving your time to talk to me yesterday regarding the issue
between Page Bookstore and Justin Corporation.
Eric has written an insightful memo concerning the third quarter report.

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Quick Check

1. No ads should be placed on the bulletin board (unless / without) the permission of the
committee head.
2. Please call our office to schedule your interview (with / within) six business days of receiving
this notice.
3. The flight scheduled to arrive in New York at 4:00 p.m. has been delayed (to an / for an) hour
due to the inclement weather.
4. Several local universities will hold a career fair (on which / at which) many students will have
the chance to meet recruiters.
5. Application forms may be obtained from the Human Resources Office (among / between) 8
a.m. to 4 p.m. daily.
6. Our company has been buying from that supplier (since / for) years without ever being
disappointed.
7. (Although / Despite) lower-than-expected sales, the company was able to accomplish their
sales target established at the beginning of the year.
8. If they are not following the rules that are outlined In the contract, there is absolutely no way
to make a deal (to / with) them.
9. The Hanson Freight Service was able to make a huge profit during the last fiscal year
(although / despite) the rising cost of shipping.
10. The company was reluctant to expand its production facilities, (even though / in spite of) the
rise in demand.

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II. CONJUNCTION
Point 1: Coordinating conjunctions: FANBOYS (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So)
Kinds of coordinating conjunctions
for and nor but

or yet so

Point 2: Correlative conjunctions

Correlative conjunctions consist of two parts, both of which must be included in the sentence. If
a TOEIC question contains words like or, and, nor, both in the answer choices, determine
whether the question is about correlative conjunctions or not.
either A or B not only A but (also) B
neither A nor B A as well as B
both A and B

Point 3: Subordinating conjunctions

Make sure there is a clause right after a subordinating conjunction.
A. Time
when while as
before after until
as soon as whenever
Mr. Smith was the president of the company when it went bankrupt.

B. Condition
if unless
in case provided that(= providing)

The condominium units will be ready for occupancy by April if the owners are able to secure a
business permit by the end of March.

C. Reason
because since as now that

The economy added 10,000 jobs in the second quarter as stronger domestic demands encouraged
companies to hire more workers.

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D. Concession and contrast
although / though while
even if / even though
Although he is young and relatively inexperienced, John is just as reliable as other candidates.

Point 4: Conjunctions that introduce noun clauses: that, if, whether

A. That: that-clause mainly functions as the subject, object, complement or is used as an
appositive in a sentence.
That + subject + verb + verb [as the subject]
subject + transitive verb that + subject + verb [as the object]
subject + verb in sentence pattern 2 + that + subject + verb [as the complement]
Heath club policy states that children under fourteen must be accompanied by a paying guardian
or parents.

B. If/whether
If and whether always imply uncertainty. We can generally use if or whether to introduce
indirect yes/no questions. Whether is not used to introduce an adverbial clause of condition.
There are some concerns as to whether Mr. Black's training team can train all employees by the
end of the month.

Point 5: Conjunctions that introduce adverbial clauses of condition and time

Use the present tense, not the future tense (will) in an adverbial clause of condition and time in
the present and future.
A. Conjunctions that introduce adverbial clauses of time
when as soon as once as
until before/after while since
Profits from exports increased by over 10 percent while Mr. Kim was serving as sales manager.

B. Conjunctions that introduce adverbial clauses of condition

if unless(= if not)
so long as in case
provided that as far as
on condition that
Unless the items are packed with extreme care, they will get broken in transit.

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Point 6: Adverbial clauses of result and purpose
A. Adverbial clauses of purpose
so that + subject + may[can]
= in order to + bare infinitive

Research articles intended for publication must include descriptive statistics so that an informed
reader may interpret and evaluate the finding accurately.
The technical services team worked on computer access today from 10:00 a.m. to 11:00p.m. in
order to perform a regular check-up on the system.

B. Adverbial clauses of result

so + adjective /adverb + that...
such a(n) + (adjective) + noun + that…
so + adjective + a(n) + noun that...

Point 7: Prepositions and conjunctions which have similar meanings

If the answer choices contain prepositions and conjunctions which have similar meanings, it is
important to determine whether the part that follows them is a clause (subject + verb) or a phrase.
A. Conjunctions and prepositions that express reason
because/since/as/now that + clause (subject + verb)
because of/ due to/owing to thanks to + noun (phrase)

The receptionist was late for work today because of the main road was blocked by a fallen tree.
(x)
 The part that follows because of needs to be a noun or noun phrase. Use the conjunction
because here because this part is a clause (subject + verb).

B. Conjunctions and prepositions that express concession

although though/even though + clause (subject + verb)
despite din spite of + noun (phrase)
Despite I have spoken through email with Ms. Robinson a couple of times, I have never seen her
in person. (x)
 Use a noun (phrase) after despite, and a clause after although. (Despite → Although)

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C. Conjunctions and prepositions that express time
while + clause (subject + verb)/ participial
phrase during 4 noun (phrase)

People on board should remain seated during the bus is in motion. (x)
 The part that comes after during is a clause; use while instead.

Point 8: Words that may be used as conjunctions and prepositions

Words like after, before, since, until... can be used as both conjunctions and prepositions. Study
the following patterns.
A. As conjunctions
after/before/since/until + clause (subject + verb)

A lower price will not be possible until production volumes increase substantially.

B. As prepositions
after /before/since/until + noun (phrase)

Please be advised that the deadline for submission will be extended until the end of March.

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Quick Check
1. Please understand that we will not be in a position to release patients' medical records (except
/ unless) they give us their written permission.
2. Gross income from rentals increased by more than fifteen percent (during / while) Ms. Au was
serving as branch supervisor.
3. The board meeting was postponed (because of / because) the chairperson had to leave for an
emergency.
4. Rosewood Inc. has planned to manufacture more handicrafts this year (because the / because
of the) increasing demand for their products.
5. The secretary was absent from the office yesterday (that / because) the had a fever due to a
throat infection.
6. (Despite / Although) San Francisco's largest performing arts institutions are hardly in danger
of going out of business, an analysis of their finances shows significant financial pain.
7. This year, due to certain complications, our payment slips will be sent out every month, (or /
even though) it seemed to work out quarterly last year.
8. Not only would the proposed location increase production costs, (and / but) it would also
decrease profit margins.
9. (In spite of / Although) engineers usually employ computer-aided drawing systems to draw
technical drawings, sometimes they need to rely on their manual drawing skills instead.
10. The Fitness Club policy (states what/ states that) all children under the age of fourteen should
not be in the swimming pool alone without adult supervision.

Practice
1. Please wait___ the CD to load before clicking the OK button.
(A) of
(B) until
(C) since
(D) for
2. The shipment___ the furniture we ordered will be delayed due to the terrible weather
conditions.
(A) of
(B) from
(C) by
(D) on
3. It is illegal to drive on public roads___ a driver's license.
(A) without
(B) even
(C) unless
(D) although

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4. ___very few exceptions, most automobile companies are going through a period of
tremendous growth.
(A) On
(B) At
(C) For
(D) With
5. Mr. Collins agrees___ the suggestions of the graphic artist, and will redesign the
website accordingly.
(A) along
(B) from
(C) for
(D) with
6. ___ the government's efforts to inform people about the adverse effects of smoking, the
country still sees no decrease in the number of smokers.
(A) Although
(B) Nevertheless
(C) Despite
(D) Otherwise
7. Most of the people___ like dining at a buffet restaurant because they can eat as much as they
want.
(A) to each other
(B) on special
(C) in particular
(D) in the event
8. Visitors to the National Science Museum are prohibited___ taking photographs or making
video recordings of its exhibits.
(A) by
(B) away
(C) under
(D) from
9. Parking meters are in effect___ the holiday season as well as on weekends and every
Friday night.
(A) upon
(B) during
(C) inside

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(D) along
10. Waiters should clear all used plates, bowls, and glasses ____the dining table right after the
guests leave.
(A) among
(B) for
(C) from
(D) of
11. The management attributes the company's huge gains___ its devoted and hardworking
employees.
(A) to
(B) in
(C) of
(D) on
12. I have great confidence___ Mr. Genki's ability to negotiate with demanding clients.
(A) in
(B) by
(C) with
(D) on
13. Thank you for taking the time___ your busy schedule to talk with me concerning ourventure
to expand our local businesses throughout the country.
(A) onto
(B) aboard
(C) except
(D) during
14. Because the problem is too technical, it cannot be resolved ___ the phone.
(A) about
(B) in
(C) over
(D) of
15. Even though both parties didn't agree at first, ___ several rounds of negotiation, they decided
to keep their partnership.
(A) around
(B) following
(C) between
(D) toward

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16. ___ a few flaws, Ms. Shawa's proposal for the local shopping mall construction project will
probably be adopted.
(A) Beside
(B) Despite
(C) Unless
(D) Toward
17. There are several condenser microphones___ each recording booth.
(A) in
(B) by
(C) on
(D) at
18. The competent investment company has decided to buy the building in this city's largest
property sale___ ten years.
(A) by
(B) from
(C) in
(D) since
19. To avoid overdue fines, items borrowed should be returned___ 72 hours after the checkout
time.
(A) within
(B) by
(C) for
(D) with
20. Complaints may be filed in person at the Violations Bureau ___ office hours from Tuesday to
Friday.
(A) while
(B) except
(C) during
(D) since
21. Formal complaints should be made___ and submitted to the main office if you want to solve
the problems immediately.
(A) on the basis
(B) in writing
(C) on file
(D) out of order

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22. Santa Barbara Hotel consists ___ 90 spacious bedrooms, 20 meeting rooms, and a luxurious
open-air lounge.
(A) by
(B) at
(C) of
(D) on
23. Companies can expect commitment and loyalty from their customers___ reliable service and
high-quality customer care.
(A) in exchange for
(B) exchanging of
(C) with exchange
(D) exchanges
24. Frederick Allison has resigned from his job as editor of the magazine in order to
concentrate___ finishing his doctorate degree.
(A) their
(B) to
(C) in
(D) on
25. Employees need to be___ the consequences of tardiness and irregular attendance at work.
(A) spoken with
(B) conscious of
(C) examined by
(D) capable of
26. Please let your supervisor know if you are___ in working an overtime shift.
(A) interesting
(B) interest
(C) interests
(D) interested
27. All applicants should be interviewed, ___ whether the applicants have previous experience or
not.
(A) regardless of
(B) despite that
(C) except for
(D) considering that

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28. Ms. Smith got ___ all the preliminary interviews before she was hired by the publishing
company.
(A) out
(B) along with
(C) across
(D) through
29. If you have any comments or suggestions about our project, please don't hold___. You
critical opinions.
(A) back
(B) away
(C) from
(D) at
30. Recently, the United States Government has adopted several policies that are in line___ last
year's international agreements between the United States and Korea.
(A) with
(B) in front
(C) near
(D) to
31. The town of Provo in the central part of the province has___ natural beauty and attractive
architecture.
(A) neither
(B) both
(C) either
(D) or
32. ___ sales figures for this month are high, the company should still expect to see a decline in
profits over the next year.
(A) Even if
(B) Because of
(C) Since
(D) Now that
33. The manager is having difficulty determining___ consumers do not know or simply do not
care about the quality of the products.
(A) than
(B) both
(C) after
(D) whether

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Questions 1-4 refer to the following memorandum.

This is to inform you that a number of changes in the Ohio branch of Akron have been made in the
past week. The branch relocated to a new building (1)……… April 18.
1 (A) for (C) in
(B) at (D) on
Ms. Miller will give you the address and directions (2)….the new telephone numbers for the branch.
Their financial department is also under new (3)……. Tom Holt, who headed the department
2 (A) for (C) as well as 3 (A) manager (C) management
(B) since (D) as (B) manageable (D) managed

for twenty years, retired on April 20. (4)…….

4 (A) The secretary will book a ticket to New York.
(B) Mr. Brown will submit the sales report next week
(C) My team is helding a seminar next month.
(D) The new head is Sarah Douglas

Questions 5-8 refer to the following e-mail.

From: Customer Service Manager, National Printers

To: Mr. Jones

(5)……..Our technical staff has checked the device and found that the problems were not due to
any manufacturing error. However, (6)…. you purchased the printer just three days ago, we have
decided to (7)……. it with a new one. Please clean the printer regularly in order to (8) …….. the
life of the equipment.
5 (A) We have checked the schedule carefully.
(B) I am so sorry that we made a mistake while processing your order last week.
(C)I didn’t know that somebody had broken into my office.
(D) We have received the printer that you sent to our office last Friday.

6 (A) since (C) because of

(B) owing to (D) although

7 (A) remove (C) replace 8 (A) endure (C) admit

(B) repair (D) reproduce (B) enlarge (D) prolong

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ACTUAL TEST

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Hàng nghìn bài luyện tập online có tại www.OnThiTOEIC.vn - 04 3513 4124 128
 PART 7

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CHAPTER 1: TYPES OF QUESTIONS
1. TOPIC QUESTION
Thông tin về chủ đề thường xuất hiện ở phần đầu đoạn văn. (2-4 câu trong đề thi)
 What is the main topic of the notice?
(Chủ đề chính của thông báo là gì?)
 What is the subject of this report?
(Chủ đề của báo cáo này là gì?)

 What does the article mainly discuss?

(Bài báo chủ yếu bàn luận về vấn đề gì?)

Thông tin về mục đích thường xuất hiện ở phần đầu đoạn văn. (3-5 câu trong đề)
 What is the purpose of the letter?
(Mục đích của bức thư là gì?)
 What is the main purpose of this notice?
(Mục đích chính của thông báo này là gì?)

EXAMPLE:

Dear Mr. Kim,

Thank you for applying to TeleBrix Industries. We found your resume to be very
impressive. Unfortunately, we currently have no openings in our Marketing department. We
will keep your resume on file and inform you if we have an opening in the future. If you would
like to apply for another position, feel free to check our website (TeleBrix.com) for a list of
current openings. Should any positions appeal to you, you may contact the head of that
department via the email provided or contact Human Resources by email.
Sincerely
Nathan Lane

Q. What is the purpose of the letter?

(A) To schedule a meeting
(B) To thank an applicant
(C) To offer Mr. Kim a job
(D) To provide contact information

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 PRACTICE:

1 refers to the following notice.

Starting next month, the building will be increasing security measures. The reasons are not
entirely clear to us at the moment, but I'm sure everyone will appreciate the sense of safety. A
security desk will be installed in the lobby soon. In addition, employees of all the companies in
this building will be required to carry ID badges.
Over the next few weeks, employees will go downstairs to the 12th floor to have their badges
made. Each department will be allotted days to take care of this. It will be up to department
heads to schedule whether employees go individually or as a group. The schedule will be
posted soon, so please check the notice board regularly.

Q. What is the main topic of the notice?

(A) Office renovations
(B) Meeting schedule
(C) New policy
(D) An international conference

2 refers to the following letter.

Dear Mrs. Leeles,
If you have time, I'd like to want to meet you soon. It seems to me that our company could
benefit you in many ways. Locknes Driving Co. has proven to be the most reliable delivery
system in the state. Our competition may be able to offer lower prices, but they cannot
compete with our service. At Locknes, we only hire the most competent, dedicated, and
experienced drives.
Aside from this, we also have an award winning customer service center. Afford me this
opportunity to present out service, and guarantee that you will not be disappointed. I look
forward to hearing from, and hopefully meeting, you soon.
All the best,
Michelle Kang

Q. What is the purpose of the letter?

(A) To make a contract
(B) To inform customers of a sale
(C) To advertise a competition
(D) To schedule a meeting

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2. DETAIL QUESTIONS

 Thời điểm - What will happen on August 15

Chuyện gì sẽ xảy ra vào ngày 15 tháng 8?
 Năm - What will take place in 2020?
Chuyện gì sẽ diễn ra vào năm 2020?
 Con người - Who is Austin?
. Ai là Austin?

 Công ty - Where is Art Institute based?

Viện Mỹ thuật nằm ở đâu?
 Địa danh - How will Mr. Choi travel to London?
Ngài Choi sẽ đến London bằng phương tiện gì?
EXAMPLE:

To: Linda Weinbeck(lweinbeck@satia.com)

From: Scott Straussman(sstraussman@satia.com)
Subject: Conference
Dear Linda,
I'm sure you're heard by now that there is a conference on October 10th for the North
American branches of Satia. Each branch has been asked to have one manager give a
presentation. I think that this would be an excellent opportunity for you. You're done very
well in the short time that you've been with us. This will be a great chance for you to make an
impression on the CEO. If you're willing, please email me your topic.
Cheers,
Scott

Q. What will probably happen on October 10?

(A) She'll have a meeting.
(B) She'll attend an event.
(C) She'll be promoted.
(D) She'll move to a new branch.

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 PRACTICE:

1 refers to the following article.

In a very interesting turn of events, two of the major competitors in the technology field have
decided to join forces. The specifics are still being worked out, but this morning MASCaq and
YuNorg announced that the two companies will be merging in the near future. The two CEOs
said that their companies will merge slowly, but they expect to be fully integrated in 2025.
No one is sure what this merger means for the field, but people expect great things from this
new company. These two players have made great advancements in different kinds of
technology, so we can only assume that combining their great minds will only lead to
inventions and ideas that no ordinary person can imagine.

Q.What will take place in 2025?

(A) The companies will be combined.
(B) The companies will release new products.
(C) YuNorg will take over MASCaq.
(D) MASCaq will integrate new technology.

2 refers to the following notice.

Bid Proposal
The director of The Economic Opportunities Advancement Corporation (EOAC), Mark
Jacobs, is accepting proposals to design, develop, and host the agency's website. The EOAC
currently has a web presence that is outdated in appearance, structure, and in the presentation
of content. An opportunity exists to re-engineer the site to better reflect the mission of the
EOAC and incorporate the latest web technology.
Upon completion of the development of the site, the EOAC will assume full responsibility for
website content maintenance and administration. All content, coding and graphics will become
the sole property of the EOAC. Proposals are due no later than 12:00 p.m./noon CST,
Wednesday, June 13.

Q. Who is Mark Jacobs?

(A) A web designer
(B) An engineer
(C) An economist
(D) The head of EOAC

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3. REQUEST QUESTIONS

 What are the company asked to do?

(Công ty được yêu cầu làm gì?)
 What (should) the employees do?
(Các nhân viên (nên) làm gì?)
 What are the customers requested to do?
(Các khách hàng được yêu cầu làm gì?)

EXAMPLE:

Refer to the following letter.

To: customerservice@hayat.com
From: ron.burgun@nazer.com
Subject: Driver complaint
I would like to submit a complaint about one of your drivers. I ordered some beautyproducts
from your company for my wife. By the time the package arrived, the contents 1 were broken.
The outside of the package showed that it had been mishandled.
Your policy states that if a package has been mishandled, the driver should return the
products. I noticed the damage before the driver left, but he refused to take the goods back. I
would like a full refund for the products that I ordered.

Q. What is Hayat asked to do?

(A) Provide undamaged goods
(B) Terminate the driver
(C) Give Mr. Burgun his money back
(D) Contact Mr. Burgun

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 PRACTICE:

1 refers to the following notice.

SoftTech's technical support staff provides free telephone assistance to registered SoftTech
users. To receive this free service, they must first register their product(s) with Soft Tech. To
do this, log in on the Soft Tech website and fill out a registration form. SoftTech will then
provide a PIN number, which must be supplied to support staff. Registering a product will also
enable Soft Tech to send customers timely information in regards to updates and new releases.
Before contacting our support team, please consult the handbook to find your answer. We
recommend that you first check the Frequently Asked Questions section in the back.

Q. What are customers asked to do?

(A) Contact the support team
(B) Refer to the manual
(C) Change their PIN number
(D) Request updated instructions

2 refers to the following letter.

We would like to welcome you to the ADC Communications Company's third annual
international symposium. As you are aware, ADC employees from all around the globe gather
every year at this symposium to meet their counterparts and coworkers from various other
branches.
Whether you're in Human Resources, Sales, Research, or Management, you'll be able to meet
with colleagues of many backgrounds and discuss any and all topics of common interest. Don't
forget to check the symposium schedule and register for the workshops and lectures that
interest you the most.

Q. What should the attendees do?

(A) Meet employees from their branch
(B) Have dinner with their friends
(C) Learn the languages of other employees
(D) Sign up for lectures

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4. WHY QUESTIONS
 Why does Tom plan to transfer to Japan?
(Tại sao Tom lại định chuyển đến Nhật Bản?)
 Why might the restaurant receive a poor grade?
(Có thể vì lý do gì mà nhà hàng bị đánh giá thấp điểm?)

EXAMPLE:

Refer to the following letter.

Dear Kathy,
Thank you for taking the time to meet us yesterday. Because of your incredible ideas, the
entire team felt that it was a very productive meeting. We look forward to working with
you on the Copernicus project and are very excited about it.
As agreed, let's set up a meeting for November 26, at which time the production team should
have all the samples completed. Call me soon and let me know what time works best for you.
Sincerely,
Marcus Neeman

Q. Why did Kathy meet the production team?

(A) To set up a meeting
(B) To present her ideas
(C) To call Marcus
(D) To finish the samples

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 PRACTICE:

1 refer to the following advertisement.

A word of advice: It's time to clean your computer. If you're like me, you don't delete
documents that you no longer need from your computer. You are never sure when you will
need a file, so don't get rid of them. Does this sound right? Emails can pile up, too, creating a
cabinet full of random file names.
A simple piece of software called 'CleanUp!' enables you to remove the files that you don't
need and keep the things that you need. 'CleanUp!' is a perfect solution for everyone as it
ensures that everything on your computer is related to current projects. Why don't you try it?
We'll send you a trial version of 'CleanUp!' and if you are impressed, send us a check for $32
at your convenience.
Q. Why should someone try 'CleanUp!' software?
(A) It prints out copies of documents.
(B) It backs up the files on their computer.
(C) It organizes computer files.
(D) It erases unnecessary files.

2 refer to the following memo.

To: IT department
From: Ruth Ebega
RE: New Phone System
Date: May 15
As you all know, we badly need to modernize our communications system. Our current system
is outdated and isn't able to handle even the most basic of functions that are included in newer
systems. Enclosed in this memo, you can find some descriptions of phone systems. Please read
over the materials very carefully and send your thoughts and feedback to me as soon as
possible. Currently, our office uses twelve phones, and although we don't have a fixed budget
for the new phones, they should be mid-range. Recommendations should be in my office by
the end of the week so that an order can be placed.

Q. Why does Ruth Ebega want to buy a new phone system?

(A) To update the company's communications system
(B) To organize conferences more efficiently
(C) To contact the IT department more easily
(D) To give feedback more regularly

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5. ‘NOT’ QUESTIONS

 What is NOT true about this hotel?

(Điều gì không đúng về khách sạn này?)
 What is NOT true about the Chant Society?
(Điều gì không đúng về Chant Society?)

EXAMPLE:

Refer to the following advertisement.

Sarnia Hotel is the perfect place to stay for the weary traveling businessman. If you find
yourself away on business, you want a hotel with a convenient location that is very affordable.
When you stay at Sarnia Hotel, you will be guaranteed the following:
1. Easy access to a central subway station
2. A top-of-the-line gym that is open 24 hours
3. Low prices that won't be burden
4. Wireless access to the Internet so that you can work in comfort

Q. What is NOT guaranteed by the hotel?

(A) Wifi
(B) A convenient location
(C) An airport shuttle
(D) Reasonable prices

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 PRACTICE:
1 refers to the following letter.
Dear Peter,
I'd like you to take the lead on the Henderson presentation next week. You're been attending
these meetings for a while, but have been a bit quiet. James Henderson prefers a closer
environment and likes to be very familiar with those he works with. If you are comfortable
with this, please include the following in the presentation:
• The latest market trends
•The budget for the next stage of the project
•A thorough outline for the next stage
•A broad outline of the progress made and expected to be made in the coming weeks
Let me know if you have any questions. Don't be nervous about speaking your mind either.
John

Q. What is NOT included in the presentation?

(A) A pie chart
(B) Project status
(C) Market trends
(D) A budget

2 refers to the following memo.

From: Jim Watson
To: Marketing
As you are all aware, there's a new campaign coming up. Marcy told me that Frank willbe
leading this assignment. I'd like you all to support him and put in 100 percent of your y effort.
I'm sure that I don't need to tell you how important this account is to our firm. Thecompany
has sent over an outline of what they'd like to see.
In addition to the outline, they included a few basic design ideas. I've attached both to this
memo. You'll also notice that I've attached a couple old schedules from the last campaign and
a report from the head of their last project. They can be a bit difficult at times, but the report
should give you some tips. I look forward to meeting you all soon to discuss this further.

Q. What is NOT attached to the memo?

(A) Previous schedules
(B) Design ideas
(C) A report with tips
(D) A meeting outline

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6. INFERENCE QUESTIONS
 What is implied about the letter?
(Điều gì được ám chỉ về bức thư?)
 What can be inferred about the article?
(Điều gì có thể suy đoán từ bài báo?)
 Where would this notice probably appear?
(Thông báo này có thể xuất hiện ở đâu?)
 Whom is this promotion most likely targeting?
(Chương trình khuyến mãi này nhắm đến đối tượng nào?)

EXAMPLE:

Refer to the following email.

To: hans@marketa.com
From: chris@marketa.com
Subject: Quarterly meeting
Hans,
The quarterly meeting is around the corner. Everyone is looking forward to hearing
about your progress with the Jensen account. Before the meeting, I'd like to meet with
you to go over the presentation.
You've been working on this account for over a year now, so I'm sure you know the details
better than anyone. Still, I'd like to have you run it by me so that I can double check to make
sure you've included information that will answer all questions the CEO might have.
Chris

Q. What can be inferred about Chris?

(A) He works in Marketing.
(B) He is Han's supervisor.
(C) He is the CEO.
(D) He works with Mr. Jensen closely.

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 PRACTICE:

1 refers to the following notice.

This notice from the Missouri Pollution Control Agency is meant to advise the public that it
will be disinfecting the water system on the 5th of this month. We routinely monitor for the
presence of drinking water contaminants. We took eight samples during the month of June.
During August, five of our samples showed the presence of coliform bacteria. This is not an
emergency. If it had been, you would have been notified immediately. These bacteria are
generally not harmful itself. Conliforms are bacteria that are usually a sign that other, possibly
harmful bacteria may be present. We will be adding chlorine to the water to disinfect it,
beginning on the 12th and ending on the 15th.

Q. What is inferred about this notice?

(A) Residents should panic.
(B) Residents must consult a doctor.
(C) Residents must clean their water.
(D) Residents are in no danger.

2 refers to the following article.

The country's economy met all expectations in the third quarter of the year, according to
figures from the Commerce Department. Economic growth rose by nearly 5 percent in the
months leading up to September. This occurred despite natural disasters, record oil prices, and
a steady rise in interest rates.
Economists around the world were concerned that the typhoons would slow economic activity.
Some business suffered with profits falling about 4 percent. Regardless, spending by
consumers lifted the economic activity. The government reported that consumer prices have
been stable or only increased modestly.

Q. What can be inferred about the article?

(A) It is from a country with a good economic indicators.
(B) It was written by a government official.
(C) It is from a company.
(D) It was released in April.

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7. SYNONYM QUESTIONS

 The word 'appreciation' in paragraph 2, line 5 is closest in meaning to

(Từ “appreciation” ở dòng 5, đoạn 2 gần nghĩa nhất với từ)

EXAMPLE:

Refer to the following memo.

To: Marketing
From: John Connors
I just left a meeting with the manager. He'd like us to drawn up a design for some flyers. He's
planning to have the interns hand them out and post them around town to attract business. He'd
like it to be simple yet informative.
He would also like to use the same design later on for inserts the newspapers and magazines.
This isn't a big project, so I'm hoping that one of you will volunteer to work on this. The
deadline is 4 p.m Friday.

Q. The word 'flyer' in paragraph 1, line 2, is closet in meaning to

(A) customer
(B) offer
(C) advertisement
(D) invitation

Từ đồng nghĩa thường gặp

decline – turn down từ chối cargo – freight hàng hóa
solicit – collect kêu gọi, thu hút hire – employ tuyển dụng
attorney - lawyer luật sư analyze -- evaluate phân tích
alliance – network đồng minh plumbing - pipe ống nước
story – floor tầng handbook - manual sổ tay
charge – bill đòi tiền tournament – competition cuộc đấu
assess – critique đánh giá successor – replacement người kế thừa-kế nhiệm
budget - finance quỹ output – production sản lượng
income – revenue thu nhập apparel – garment quần áo
device — quipment thiết bị consult – confer tư vấn

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Choose the correct meaning of the following words
1. decline (a) turn on (b) turn down

2. advantage (a) change (b) benefit

3. solicit (a) collect (b) speak

4. sale (a) mark down (b) drop

5. in transit (a) board (b) ship

6. alliance (a) gathering (b) network

7. charge (a) bill (b) carry

8. assess (a) array (b) critique

9. correct (a) change (b) repair

10. hire (a) accept (b) employ

11. at least (a) more (b) minimum

12. invoice (a) receipt (b) mail

13. hold (a) maintain (b) host

14. pass (a) elapse (b) delete

15. preference (a) profit (b) favorite

16. voucher (a) coupon (b) receipt

17. analyze (a) evaluate (b) follow

18. affordable (a) costly (b) low- cost

19. outlast (a) prominent (b) durable

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 20. enclose (a) include (b) involve

21. agreement (a) condition (b) contract

22. unsanitary (a) unclean (b) curtail

23. brochure (a) suitcase (b) pamphlet

24. manual (a) assemble (b) handbook

25. slowly (a) gradually (b) eternally

26. by email (a) by computer (b) mail

27. drop by (a) fall (b) visit

28. cut down (a) reduce (b) accrue

29. acquire (a) buy out (b) include

30. unique (a) different (b) sure

31. stock (a) launch (b) share

32. furnish (a) divide (b) provide

33. few (a) a lack of (b) enough

34. output (a) production (b) items

35. input (a) expectation (b) opinion

36. overdue (a) outstanding (b) result

37. more (a) eager (b)further

38. Journal (a) periodical (b) letters

39. apparel (a) garment (b) causes

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 40. fill out (a) complete (b) disturb

41. flex (a) alleviate (b) bend

42. extend (a) suspend (b) stretch

43. file (a) keep (b) dispose

44. consult (a) dissolve (b) confer

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8. INTENTION QUESTIONS
Here is a typical question:

- At…, what does…mean when he/she writes, “…”

Example: At 12:15, what does Mr. Laundry mean when he writes, “I believe so”

EXAMPLE:

The question below refers to the following text message chain.

Nancy Hillard 13:44

Are you on your way to the airport?
Kyle Larson 13.47
Yes. Just picked up the rental car, so I’m about 20 minutes away.
Nancy Hillard 13:48
Take your time. I just got word that Mr. Gupta’s flight has been
delayed by up to an hour and a half.
Kyle Larson 13:53
That long? Should I turn back and wait at the office? Step 2: Identify the
Nancy Hillard 14:01 meaning of the
Just go ahead. Make sure you meet Mr. Gupta at the arrival area. It’s sentence in context.
his first time here.
Question: At 14:01, what does Ms. Hillard mean when she writes, “””Step 1: Identify key
sentence(s) in the
“ Just go ahead’
question

(A) She wants Mr. Larson to proceed as originally planned. Step 3: Choose the
answer
(B) She will follow Mr. Larson to the airport at a later time.

(C) She thinks Mr. Larson should return to the office.

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 PRACTICE:

Question 09 refers to the following text message chain.

Jack Parker 7:35pm

Why don’t we take the city bus together tomorrow? It stops near our office every 30 minutes or so.

Beth Kim 7:36pm

I don’t know. I have a meeting downtown in the morning. It’ll be easier for me to take a taxi.

Jack Parker 7:38

No problem. Text me when you get there. We can grab something to eat before the conference begins.

Beth Kim 7:40

Good idea. That’ll give us a chance to review the materials for the presentation.

Question 9: At 7:36p.m, what does Ms. Kim most likely mean when she writes, “I don’t know”?

(A) She thinks Mr. Parker’s information is inaccurate.

(B) She is uncertain about a bus’s departure time.
(C) She disagrees with Mr. Parker’s suggestion.

Question 10 refers to the following text message chain.

Jerry King 16:06

Cindy, I was wondering if the commercial’s been recorded. We have to make some changes to the script.

Cindy Adams 16:08

You are in luck. The recording session’s been pushed to Thursday. Why are additional changes needed?

Jerry King 16:11

Mr. Blum requested them. I’ll e-mail the details to you first thing tomorrow morning.

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Question 10: At 16:08, what does Ms. Adams mean when she writes, “You’re in luck”?

(A) She will try to secure a deadline extension.

(B) Mr. King has a chance to revise a script
(C) Mr. Blum gave his approval to record a commercial.

Question 11 refers to the following text message chain.

Anne Walker 12:06

Did you take the contract to Mr. Boyle’s office yet?

Bill Hooper 12:08

He just signed it. Why? Is there a problem?

Anne Walker 12:10

Yeah. I noticed that the lease expiration date is wrong.

Bill Hooper 12:13

Can you make the correction right now? Have your assistant Kevin bring it here for Mr. Boyle to sign.

Anne Walker 12:14

I’m on it. It’ll be ready within an hour. Sorry about this.

Question 11: At 12:14, what does Ms. Walker indicate she will do when she writes, “I’m on it”

(A) Personally deliver a document

(B) Apologize to a real estate agent
(C) Give an assistant a task

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Questions 12-13 refer to the following text message chain.
Libby Pike 10:05a.m
I heard that you’ve been promoted to manager of the Shelby branch! When are you moving?
Clyde O’Neill 10:05a.m
I leave in about two weeks.
Libby Pike 10:07a.m
You are going to be busy packing.
Clyde O’Neill 10:08 a.m
I know. And I need to find a place to rent in Shelby. Since you worked at that branch last year, can
you recommend any neighborhoods close to the office?
Libby Pike 10:12 a.m
My apartment was in Crystal Heights, which might be OK for you. It’s only a 15-minute walk to the
office and in a really nice part of Shelby. What’s your budget?
Clyde O’Neill 10:14 a.m
I don’t want to spend more than $700 a month.
Libby Pike 10:15 a.m
I’m not sure. It’d be very hard to find an apartment for under $900 in that neighbourhood.
Clyde O’Neill 10:16 a.m
Then I might try looking in another area. Thanks anyway.

12 What is suggested about Ms. Pike?

(A) She will transfer to another branch.
(B) She pays over $700 per month in rent.
(C) She was once Mr. O’Neill’s manager.
(D) She has lived in Shelby before.

13 At 10:15 a.m, what does Ms. Pike most likely mean when she writes, “I’m not sure”?

(A) She is not certain that a unit is vacant.

(B) She believes a budget is unrealistic.
(C) She thinks an area is inconveniently located.
(D) She was not informed about a promotion.

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 9. FILL IN THE BLANK QUESTIONS
Here is a typical question:

In which of the positions marked [1][2][3] and [4] does the following sentence best belong?

“Online sales have been equally strong and grew by 30 percent”

(A) [1]
(B) [2]
(C) [3]
(D) [4]

EXAMPLE:

The question below refers to the following text message chain.

Sales Up but Profits Down for Fashion Retailer Majeste.

Despite a boom in sales, profits declined by 10 percent at British retailer Step 2: Identify the expected part

Majeste. –[1]-. Over the past 10 months, store sales rose 14 percent, of the reading passage
thanks to three new franchise stores in Dubai, Singapore, and
Step 1: Find the key words and
Sanghai.-[2]-. However, profits were ultimately eroded by the company’s
decision to move production out of Bangladesh. Executives predict a guess the contents of the front

recovery next year as its factories in Myanmar gain momentum. –[3]-. and back of the sentence.

Question: In which of the positions marked [1][2][3] does the following Step 3: Insert the right answer into

sentence best belong? the most natural position.

“Online sales have been equally strong and grew by 30 percent”

(A) [1]
(B) [2]
(C) [3]

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 PRACTICE:

VISITOR PARKING

Winslow University requires permits for use of its on-campus parking lots. Visitors may leave
their vehicles only in lots designated with a “P” sign.-[1]-. There is a two-hour limit at metered
spaces unless the vehicle displays a permit issued from a vending machine.-[2]-. Parking in
these spaces costs $1.50 per hour between 8:00a.m and 4:00p.m, Monday through Friday.
Parking lots are open on weekends as well as holidays.-[3]-. For detailed information about
on-campus parking, including a map, please visit www.Winslow.com or download our mobile
application.

Question 9: In which of the positions marked [1][2][3] does the following sentence best belong?
“They are all available to visitors for parking free of charge on these days.”
(A) [1]
(B) [2]
(C) [3]

First-time author Marsha Bachman will be signing copies of her book, Stride to Success, at the
Orville Bookshop on June 23 at 1p.m. Ms. Bachman is a retired US army captain with a 20-
year career in the military. -[1]-. The book gives an account of Ms. Bachman’s experience and
how they helped to shape her into the person she is today. Critics call it a touching yet light-
hearted of triumph in the face of adversity.-[2]-. “A must-read”, says Mandy Coleman of The
Denver Sentinel.-[3]-.

Question 10: In which of the positions marked [1][2][3] does the following sentence best belong?
“Now she gives motivational speeches at colleges around the country.”
(A) [1]
(B) [2]
(C) [3]

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 Norwegian oil company Borfinne could be betting on a massive spike in oil prices over the
coming years.-[1]-. Analysts reached this conclusion following reports of the film’s worldwide
fleet expansion plans. -[2]- According to an unnamed source, the company placed an order for
15 new vessels to be delivered over the next two years.-[3]-. Borfinne has locations in the
North Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, and the coastal waters of Western Africa. A spokesperson for
Borfinne could not be reached for comment at the time of writing.

Question 11: In which of the positions marked [1][2][3] does the following sentence best belong?
“The ships could conceivably be deployed in one of three offshore operations.”
(A) [1]
(B) [2]
(C) [3]

Questions 12-15 refer to the following e-mail.

From: Norma Lewis nlewis@bestfurniture.com
To: James Vogel jvogel@smail.com
Subject: Furniture order
Date: September 10
Dear Mr. Vogel,
We received your order of a rectangular Edgewood-series dining table with four machine chairs in
light oak. However, we are sorry to say that the size you ordered is sold out at all our locations and
will not be restocked by our supplier until the end of the month.-[1]-. We have given your order the
highest priority and can ship it to you as soon as we received it.-[2]-. If you need a table sooner, we
would like to suggest the same model in a slightly larger size. It is also rectangular but measures 1.1
by 1.3 meters.-[3]-. Or you can check out other designs available that are in your preferred size. We
hope to receive your reply as soon as possible so that we know how to proceed with your order.-[4]-.
Our deepest apologies for any inconvenience. Do let me know if you have any questions.
Very sincerely yours,
Norma Lewis
Customer Service

Best Furniture

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12. What is the main purpose of the email?
(A) To confirm shipment of an order
(B) To respond to a catalog request
(C) To inform a customer of a problem
(D) To provide furniture specifications
13. What is indicated about Best Furniture?
(A) It ships products internationally.
(B) It manufactures its own line of goods.
(C) It operates more than one store.
(D) It is holding a sale at the end of the month.
14. What is NOT an option that Ms. Lewis offers?
(A) Getting a larger size
(B) Paying a rush fee
(C) Viewing other available products
(D) Waiting for an item to be in stock
15. In which of the positions marked [1][2][3] and [4] does the following sentence best belong?
“To help you decide, we have attached a catalog so that you can compare each of the two table
sizes.”
(A) [1]
(B) [2]
(C) [3]
(D) [4]

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CHAPTER 2: TYPES OF PASSAGES
1. LETTER/E-MAIL
A. BÍ QUYẾT LÀM BÀI

Phán đoán chủ đề

What is the purpose of the e-mail?
(Mục đích của email là gì?)
Tìm đáp án trong phần đầu tiên của bài đọc.

Câu hỏi về yêu cầu

What is James asked to do?
(James được yêu cầu làm gì?)
Tìm đáp án trong phần cuối của bài đọc.

Câu hỏi tài liệu đính kèm

What is enclosed with this letter?
(Cái gì được đính kèm với bức thư?)
Tìm đáp án quanh các từ enclosed/included/attached trong thư.
 Phải xác định thông tin của người gửi (xuất hiện trước) và người nhận (xuất hiện sau).
 Trước khi đọc đoạn văn nhất định phải nắm được đề mục.
 Phần đầu sẽ đề cập đến chủ đề và mục đích viết.

1. Nắm vững mẫu thư/email

Việc nắm vững mẫu cấu trúc đoạn thư hay email giúp ích cho việc trả lời câu hỏi.

Địa chỉ người gửi, tên người gửi, thông tin Merry Graham
công ty UniCircle Media
75058 Paris Etoile
Paris, France
Ngày gửi thư August 14, 2011
Thông tin người nhận Dear Mr. McCarthy
Mục đích, đề mục, lý do viết thư As our new letterhead indicates, we have
recently changed the name of our business
from Graham Media to UniCircle Media.

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 Nội dung chi tiết, phần bổ sung There has been no change in management and
we will be providing the same products and
fine service on which we have built our
reputation in the industry.
Nội dung dặn dò và yêu cầu We would appreciate it if you would bring this
announcement to the attention of your accounts
payable department and direct them
accordingly.
Lời chào cuối thư Thank you for being one of our valued
customers. We appreciate your cooperation in
this matter.
Ký tên người gửi, tên, chức vụ Merry Graham,
Director

2. Thông tin trọng tâm cần phải nắm vững trong thư/email
Phần mở đầu
• Thank you for your e-mail of + ngày tháng
(Cám ơn về bức thư ngày ~)
• With reference to your letter of + ngày tháng
(Liên quan đến nội dung bức thư ngày ~)
Lý do hay mục đích viết thư, email
• I am writing to V (nguyên thể)
(Tôi viết bức thư (email) này để ~)
• I am writing to apologize for
(Tôi viết bức thư (email) này để xin lỗi về việc ~)
• I am writing to inquire about
(Tôi viết bức thư (email) này để hỏi về việc ~)
•This letter is to V (nguyên thể)
(Bức thư này là để ~)
Nội dung đính kèm
• I am enclosing... Tôi đã đính kèm ~
• Please find enclosed... Vui lòng tìm ~ đính kèm
• Enclosed you will find... Bạn sẽ thấy ~ đính kèm
• We have enclosed... Chúng tôi đã đính kèm ~

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Nội dung yêu cầu, dặn dò
• Could you possibly...? Bạn có thể ~?
•I would be grateful if you could... Tôi sẽ rất biết ơn nếu bạn ~
• (Please) động từ nguyên thể... Xin hãy ~

3. Từ vựng trọng tâm theo chủ đề

1. Kinh doanh Incumbent người đương chức
out of employment đang thất nghiệp job faire hội chợ việc làm
beneficial có lợi, ưu đãi job performance hiệu suất làm việc
beneficiary người hưởng lợi leave of absence nghỉ làm
benefit package gói lợi tức maternity leave nghỉ thai sản
certificate chứng chỉ, giấy chứngnhận kinh pay back trả lại
nghiệm referral giới thiệu
communication skill khả năng giao tiếp commission tiền hoa hồng
competitive salary mức lương cạnh tranh
discharge sa thải
coordinator điều phối viên, người tiến hành
employee of nhân viên ưu tú của tháng dispatch gửi đi, phái đi
the month pension lương hưu
flexible hours giờ làm việc linh hoạt shift ca làm
fringe benefit phụ cấp ngoài leave a job nghỉ việc
performance rating xếp loại hiệu suấtlàm việc take over tiếp quản
dismissal sa thải probation thử việc
administrative thuộc hành chính occupation công việc
allowance tiền trợ cấp motivate thúc đẩy
appoint chỉ định pay check trả lương
aptitude năng khiếu recruit nhân viên mới
assistant trợ lý, thư kỷ, cố vấn pre – tax trước thuế
in duty đang làm nhiệm vụ be wanted tìm
dividend cổ tức advisor cố vấn
day shift cả ngày
friction ma sát

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 PRACTICE:

1-3 refer to the following letter.

Dear Mr. Rodriguez,
It has come to my attention that your company, Rodrihuez and Sons Hardware, has been late
with paying its invoices for the past three months.
In order to encourage our customers to pay their invoices before the due date, we have
implemented a new discount policy that will give customers 2% off their invoices if they pay
within ten days of receiving the invoice.
Please take advantage of this new policy and avoid any charges from overdue fees. I hope that
everything is going well for you and your company. You are a very important client, and we
appreciate all the business that you have given us over the years. If you have any questions, feel
free to contact me at 081-2525 or by email at b.powell @asc.com. You may also visit our
website to view the details of the policy.
Sincerely,
Bob Powell

1. What is the purpose of the letter?

(A) To complain about poor service
(B) To help people choose appropriate tools
(C) To inform a customer about an overdue payment
(D) To provide information on transportation options

2. What is NOT indicated as a method of contact?

(A) Telephone
(B) Fax
(C) Email
(D) Online

3. What is Mr. Rodriguez asked to do?

(A) Use the new discount model
(B) Pay for last month's invoice
(C) Schedule an appointment
(D) Send copies of old invoices

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4-8 refer to the following e-mail and schedule.
To: tom.atkins@prisec.com
From: custserv@concordia.com
Subject: Grand Opening
Dear Mr. Atkins,
Allow me the pleasure of inviting you to the grand opening of Concordia's high-tech department
store. Thanks to the tireless efforts of you and the other employees both at Prisec and Concordia,
the store is finally set to open on Saturday October 11.
Refreshments will be served at 2:00 PM, following a short speech from the CEO of Concordia.
The event will be held in the main lobby of the store. Please see the attachment for a map and
directions.
We hope to see you there.
Tony Alvarez
Concordia Customer Service

Day Date Schedule

Monday October 6 Dr. Skeever at 2:30 PM

Tuesday October 7 Meeting with John Stratford 10:30 AM

Tina's piano recital 8:00 PM

Wednesday October 8 Report on Stevenson account due

Thursday October 9 Last day for vacation requests in

November Company dinner at Loula's
Bistro 7:00 PM

Friday October 10 Meeting with HR 4:00 PM

Saturday October 11 Concordia event 1:30 PM

Sunday October 12 Golf with the boys 11:00 AM

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4. What is the purpose of the e-mail?
(A) To inform of an appointment
(B) To announce an event.
(C) To invite to play golf
(D) To schedule a meeting

5. What is indicated about Tom Atkins?

(A) He has a lot of free time.
(B) He is an employee of Prisec.
(C) He is not a fan of sports.
(D) He has met Tony Alvaresolus

6. In the e-mail, the word 'high-tech'in paragraph 1, line 1, is closet in no meaning to

(A) compact
(B) primitive
(C) advanced
(D) expensive

7. What will happen on October7?

(A) Meet with a client
(B) Visit a doctor
(C) Attend a grand opening
(D) Play golf

8. By what date should a request about vacations be submitted?

(A) October 7
(B) October 8
(C) October 9
(D) October 10

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9-10 refer to the following e-mail.
To: angela.vaas@gmail.com
From: Anthony.A@newn.com
Subject: Internship
Angela,
Everyone here at Newn is very pleased that you are doing an internship at our company
headquarters. One of your duties will be to help Mr. Burns with his daily correspondences. This
may entail dictating or writing letters. We know that your training at Highgrand Community
College has prepared you well for this task.
Remember that the correspondence that our customers receive from us is one of the ways that
they evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency, and professionalism of our business Outgoing letters
must be as perfect as possible in terms of layout, grammar, and content. This will show our
customers that we have a commitment to excellence throughout our company.
Enclosed is a sample letter for your review.
Sincerely yours,
Anthony Astair

9. What is the main purpose of the e-mail?

(A) To announce a promotion
(B) To introduce a new writing style
(C) To offer an internship
(D) To inform of an employee of duties

10. What will suggested about Angela?

(A) She will be working as an assistant
(B) She graduated from a Masters program.
(C) She knows Anthony A stair personally.
(D) She is in charge of Marketing.

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2. ADVERTISEMENT

1 Quảng cáo tuyển dụng

Đánh giá chủ đề
What position is being advertised?
(Vị trí nào đang được đăng tuyển?)
Đáp án thường ở phần đầu đoạn văn.
Điều kiện, yêu cầu
What is a requirement for the position?
(Yêu cầu của vị trí này là gì?)
Tìm đáp án ở đoạn thứ 2, 3
Cách thức đăng ký
How should the candidate apply for the job?
(Ứng viên có thể ứng tuyển công việc bằng cách nào?)
Tìm đáp án ở đoạn cuối.

2 Quảng cáo thương mại thông thường

Hỏi về chủ đề
What is being advertised?
(Cái gì đang được quảng cáo?)
Tìm đáp án ở phần đầu đoạn văn.
Hỏi về đối tượng
From whom is this advertisement intended?
(Quảng cáo này nhắm đến đối tượng nào?)
Đáp án thường xuất hiện ở phần đầu đoạn văn.
Đặc trưng sản phẩm
What is NOT a feature of the product?
(Điều gì không phải đặc trưng của sản phẩm?)
Đáp án thường xuất hiện ở đoạn thứ 2, 3.
• Quảng cáo tuyển dụng phải xác định rõ điều kiện tuyển, nhiệm vụ, côngviệc mà người được tuyển
phải đảm nhiệm, phải tìm được những từ chỉ điểu kiện, yêu cầu.
cần thiết (must, necessary, required), tối thiểu (at least, a minimum of), điều kiện tư cách
(qualification, prerequisite), giáo dục (education), học vấn (academic background), học vị
(degree), kinh nghiệm (reference, experience), ngoại ngữ thành thạo (proficiency, fluency), biết
hai thứ tiếng (in foreign language, bilingual), kỹ năng vi tính (word, processing, software,
computer skills)

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*Chú ý: các từ chỉ điều kiện được ưu tiên: được ưa thích (preferred), đáng ngưỡng mộ (desirable), lí
tưởng (ideal)
•Xác định sản phẩm của quảng cáo thương mại thông thường, đặc trưng sản phẩm, ưu đãi giảm giá,
phương thức thanh toán, đáp án thường xuất hiện trong các câu so sánh ngang bằng và so sánh hơn
nhất.

1. Nắm vững mẫu đoạn quảng cáo.

Việc nắm vững mẫu cấu trúc đoạn quảng cáo giúp ích cho việc trả lời câu hỏi.
Tựa đề Help Wanted Ads
Công việc Accounting Assistant
Nhiệm vụ We are currently accepting resumes for a part time accounting
assistant position, working approx. 25 hours per week.
Yêu cầu và đãi ngộ Applicant should be familiar with all office duties and must be
computer literate with working knowledge in Microsoft Word,
Excel, and Publisher. Experience in accounts payable and
payroll are required. Salary based on experience.
Phương thức đăng ký Please fax resume to 803-988-0742.
Apply by: July 23, 2012

2. Thông tin trọng tâm cần nắm vững trong đoạn quảng cáo tuyển dụng.
• Công việc
Công ty + is seeking + công việc Công ty đang tuyển người cho công việc ~
•Nhiệm vụ
Candidates wil be responsible for ~ Ứng viên sẽ chịu trách nhiệm ~
Successful candidates will have responsibility for..
Các ứng viên được lựa chọn sẽ chịu trách nhiệm

•Yêu cầu đối với ứng viên

Candidates should have + quãng thời gian + experience in + lĩnh vực ...
Các ứng viên nên có ~ năm kinh nghiệm trong lĩnh vực ~
A candidate is required to have... Ứng viên phải có ~

•Cách thức đăng ký

Interested candidates should... Các ứng viên quan tâm cần ~

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 3. Thông tin trọng tâm cần nắm vững trong đoạn quảng cáo thương mại thông thường.
• Giới thiệu Công ty và giới thiệu sản phẩm
Travel Magazine offers... Tạp chí Du lịch cung cấp ~
Do you wish you could afford a luxury watch?
Bạn có ước rằng mình đủ tiền mua 1 chiếc đồng hồ đeo tay hàng hiệu?

•Đặc trưng riêng biệt của sản phẩm, ưu điểm và ưu đãi

Designed exclusively for our subscribers.
(Thiết kế độc quyền cho độc giả của chúng tôi.)
Products are designed to cover individual homeowners only.
(Sản phẩm được thiết kế chỉ dành cho nhà riêng.)
Get $15 off your first order.
(Giảm giá 15$ cho lần đầu tiên đặt hàng)
Receive a 20% saving on all products.
(Tiết kiệm 20% cho tất cả sản phẩm.)

4. Từ vựng trong tâm theo chủ đề

2. Công ty off-limits cấm không được lui tới
accounting year năm kế toán outstanding balance số dư chưa thanh toán
assignment nhiệm vụ, việc đảm nhiệm overhead expense chi phí quản lý
backlog of orders tồn đọng đơn hàng payment option phương thức thanh toán
be liable for có trách nhiệm profit margin biên lợi nhuận
be compatible with tương thích với prototype nguyên mẫu
be subordinated to địa vị kém hơn, phụ remit gửi tiền
thuộc vào replenish bổ sung hàng hóa
competitive edge ưu thế cạnh tranh revenue thu nhập quốc gia, thu nhập từ thuế
courier service dịch vụ chuyển phát nhanh assess định giá để đánh thuế
consumer affairs bảo vệ người tiêu dùng boost tăng giá
crude materials nguyên liệu thô customized làm theo yêu cầu
file for bankruptcy tuyên bố phá sản deficitthâm hụt về mặt kế toán
fill the order xử lý đơn hàng dispatcher người gửi hàng
focus group nhóm thảo luận downsize cắt giảm quy mô
hallmark dấu hiệu xác nhận tiêu chuẩn garner bỏ vào kho

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 impending sắp đến (kì hạn) guarantee đảm bảo
information material thông tin hàng hóa liquidate thanh toán nợ
janitor người gác cổng, tạp vụ lucrative sinh lợi
office supplies dụng cụ văn phòng malfunction sự cố
on the receipt of ngay khi nhận payroll bảng lương
operating expense phí vận hành personnel department phòng nhân sự
affiliate công ty chi nhánh proceeds tiền thu về
appliance dụng cụ, thiết bị điện từ procrastinate trì hoän
component thành phần sales promotion thúc đẩy bán hàng, khuyến
consolidate sát nhập mãi

due date ngày đến hạn thanh toán security alert cảnh báo an ninh

encase cho vào thùng serial number số sê-ri

entrepreneur chủ doanh nghiệp set out bắt đầu làm việc

niche thị trường ngách set up a date chọn ngày

expense account bảng kê chi phí specialty sản phẩm đặc biệt

intrucstions hướng dẫn dùng sản phẩm. streamline hợp lý hóa

inventory hàng tồn kho subsidiary công ty con

liability nghĩa vụ surplus thặng dư

monopoly độc quyền

net profit lợi nhuận ròng

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 PRACTICE:
1-3 refer to the following advertisement.
The Development Office at the University of Mississippi is looking for an administrative
assistant to join the team.
The qualified candidate will be responsible for providing clerical and administrative support in a
fast paced, customer service oriented environment to assigned staff in the Development Office.
Anyone who attends the university is welcome to apply.
Duties include:
• Prepare and edit correspondence
• Update donor database and compile monthly and reports
• Assist with fundraising campaigns
• Assist in planning and preparing for special events
• Coordinate travel arrangements and create itineraries
• Answer telephone calls and repond to inquiries from staff, campus community andgeneral
public
• Appointment scheduling
Imagine the difference you can make. Our development team solicits donations from individuals,
corporations, and foundations to promote learning, research, and education at the University of
Mississippi. Our development officers represent each of the units on campus and provide fund
raising leadership to complement, encourage, and support students, faculty, and staff. To learn
more about us, visit our webpage.
1. For whom is this advertisement intended?
(A) Job seekers
(B) Faculty
(C) Graduates
(D) Models

2. What is a requirement for the position?

(A) Must have a Bachelor's Degree
(B) Must be a current student
(C) Must be willing to travel
(D) Must have prior experience

3. What are applicants interested in the position asked to do?

(A) Schedule an appointment
(B) E-mail the Development Office
(C) Call the office
(D) Visit the school's site

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4-8 refer to the following advertisement and e-mail.
Stagnite is looking for people who are motivated, ambitious, hard working and customers
oriented. As a Sales Representative, you serve to inspire customer understanding while driving
sales. Your confidence in our products and solutions will shine in clear, knowledgeable
persuasive communications.
The excellent candidate:
–You thrive working in a fast-paced, dynamic environment.
– Your strong interpersonal and organization skills are complemented by a keen I sense of
strategic problem solving
–You're got great communication skills in dealing with a wide variety of customers,
store managers and sales leaders
– You are proficient in basic computer programs such as Windows and Microsoft Office.
–You are target driven, goal orientated and competitive
Your important role:
- Expand and support the Fido Brand while implementing Stagnite's vision of
unrivalled customer service, and profitability
- Work alongside with Sales Managers and coworkers to maximize store sales and
provide excellent customer service
- Ensure accuracy in all transactions, inventory and procedures
A job at Stagnite is a chance to use your knowledge and experience - and get the rewards you
deserve for it. Do you have that drive and confidence that sets you apart from the rest? Are you
ready to join the wireless revolution? If you're interested, contact us at apply @stagnite.com

To: The personnel department

From: Anthony Turano
As a recent graduate of the University of Virginia, I am excited to begin a career in sales. I feel
that my skills are a perfect match for the Sales Representative position available at Stagnite.
This past summer participated in a sales training internship program at a large drug
manufacturing company where I gained first-hand sales experience, interacted daily with clients
and learned from other salespeople. I was involved in the entire sales process from gathering
company knowledge to maintaining customer satisfaction after a sale had been completed. My
previous experience and enthusiasm for sales would bring even more success to the Stagnite. I
would appreciate the opportunity to discuss my qualifications and the Sales Representative
position.
Sincerely,
Anthony Turano

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4. What position is being advertised?
(A) Economist
(B) Marketing manager
(C) Sales associate
(D) Content editor

5. According to the advertisement, what is NOT a requirement?

(A) Microsoft Office proficiency
(B) Problem solving skills
(C) Communicative ability
(D) Customer service experience

6. What is mentioned as a duty of the job?

(A) Organizing store events
(B) Updating site content
(C) Reporting on market trends
(D) Peaking store sales

7. According to the e-mail, where was Anthony an intern?

(A) A consulting agency
(B) A pharmaceutical company
(C) A law firm
(D) A bank

8. How should someone apply if they are interested?

(A) By email
(B) By phone
(C) By tax on
(D) By letter

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9-10 Refer to the following advertisement.
When we buy or build a house, most of us never consider the difficulties of growing old in it,
and we never pause to ask, what happens if I become disabled? To the elderly and the disabled,
seemingly simple tasks like bathing, entering the front door, or getting a box of cereal from a
cupboard can become daily challenges in a poorly designed home.
Universal access design, also know variously as barrier-free design, open-concept accessibility,
and handicap accessible design, seeks to remove the barriers that impede us in our own homes,
making them safer and more accessible to all.
Most of us would never recognize universal access features as anything other than convenient
and attractive if we saw them. Many homes built today feature some of them as part of the
standard package: open-concept living rooms and kitchens, walk-in showers with grab bars,
higher electrical outlets, and other such things that seem commonplace. Perhaps your newer
home has some of these features already. If not, perhaps it should. Universal Designs is here to
make your home more suited to you.

9.
Who would most likely contact this company?
(A) People who live in apartments
(B) Home owners with special needs
(C) An electronics company
(D) Marketing consultants

10. What is mentioned in the advertisement?

(A) A phone number
(B) Examples of their products
(C) Discounted prices
(D) Quotes from past customers

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3. NOTICE AND ANNOUNCEMENT
Hỏi về mục đích
What is the purpose of this notice?
(Mục đích của thông báo này là gì?)
Tìm đáp án ở phần đầu.
Hỏi về đối tượng
Who is Harlan Borden?
(Ai là Harlan Borden?)
Tìm đáp án ở phần đầu.
Xuất xứ của thông báo
Where is this announcement found?
(Thông báo này được tìm thấy ở đâu?)
Tìm đáp án ở phần đầu.

1. Nắm vững mẫu đoạn thông báo

Tựa đề Exhibition: Contemporary Latin American Art Show
Mục đích thông báo This is an opportunity to experience the sophisticated,
international and most distinguished visual art from Latin
America through excellent works representative of abstract,
concrete, and conceptual art.
Thông tin chi tiết và yêu cầu June 1 - August 31
Holmes Exhibition Center
Museum Hours: 10:00 am to 4:30 p.m (Tuesday through
Saturday)
Noon to 4:00 p.m (Sunday) Closed Mondays and some holiday
Địa chỉ liên lạc và phương For reservations call us at (919)423-PINTA or visit our
thức liên lạc homepage (www.pinta.net)

2. Thông tin trọng tâm cần nắm vững trong đoạn thông báo
Mục đích thông báo
• We are pleased to announce… Chúng tôi rất vui được thông báo ~
• Please be aware that… Xin hãy chú ý ~
Thông báo thay đổi địa điểm
• There has been a change in the location… Có sự thay đổi về địa điểm ~

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Thông tin yêu cầu
• is requested to V (nguyên thể) phải ~
Thông tin liên lạc
• Please contact người [bộ phận, công ty] at... Xin hãy liên hệ với người [bộ phận, công ty tại ~

3. Từ vựng trọng tâm theo chủ đề

3. Tài chính remittance gửi tiền
beneficiary người thụ hưởng shareholder cổ đông
cardholder chủ thẻ transact giao dịch
collateral thế chấp dividend cổ phần
corporate bond trái phiếu công ty premium tiền bảo hiểm
credit to gửi tiền cho clear quyết toán
insure bảo hiểm credit rating mức tín dụng
make a deposit gửi tiền currency tiền tệ
money order phiếu chuyển tiền delinquent không trả đúng kỳ hạn
outstanding chưa trả endorse chứng thực đằng sau ngân phiếu
redeemable có thể chuộc lại equity cổ phần
wire transfer chuyển tiền trực tuyến insolvent không trả nợ được
account balance số dư tài khoản promissory note giấy cam kết
coverage phạm vi bảo hiểm reach maturity đến kỳ hạn phải thanh toán
credit tín dụng broker người môi giới
debt nợ policyholder người được bảo hiểm
exchange rate tỉ giá hối đoái full coverage bảo hiểm toàn diện
forget làm giảm
pay off trả ~

4. Nhiệm vụ fundraising huy động vốn

adjourn hoãn cuộc họp breakthrough vượt qua
alternative phương án concludes kết luận
resolve giải quyết deadlock đình trệ
recess kỳ nghỉ brainstorm động não
preside chủ trì sign up đăng ký

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 persuasive có sức thuyết phục settle a dispute dàn xếp bất hòa
compromise thỏa hiệp irrelevant không thích hợp
convene triệu tập, họp fall through thất bại
assert quả quyết, khẳng định keynote speaker diễn giả
unanimous nhất trí decisive kiên quyết
orientation định hướng charity banquet tiệc từ thiện
mediate trung gian

PRACTICE:
1-3 refer to the following notice.
A new guide will soon be available to all employees. This guide has been prepared to inform you
and to provide answer to most of the questions you may have about the benefits policies
provided by both the company and the local government. This employee manual shall serve as
the basic source of information relating to the benefits policies and programs the company makes
available to all employees. Any regulation or procedure previously issued not consistent with this
Guide is hereby superseded. We hope this Guide also gives you an indication of the company's
keen interest in the welfare of all who work within our company.
If anything is unclear, please feel free to approach and discuss the matter with your supervisor,
your manager, or any of your Human Resources representatives.
1. What is the main purpose of the notice?
(A) To announce a conference
(B) To suggest a new process
(C) To inform of a new manual
(D) To solicit participation

2. According to the notice, what might happen if someone doesn't understand the guide?
(A) They will ignore it.
(B) They will ask someone from HR.
(C) They will request a new copy.
(D) They will move to a different branch.

3. What is true about the manual?

(A) It trains new employees.
(B) It explains new benefits.
(C) It demonstrates a new process.
(D) It lists new products.

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4-5 refer to the following announcement.
The company has been notified that, as of 1st June 2012, WLC had a direct interest in
17,330,000 ordinary shares of 25 pence each, which represents 21.17% of the issued share
capital of the company. This notification has been triggered by an increase in the holding of
WLC crossing above the 21% threshold.
WLC's holding in the company is held through WPP Beans Limited.
The company confirms that its issued capital as of the date of this announcement is 81,854,813
ordinary shares of 25 pence each.
Date of notification: 6th June 2012
Inquiries:
Tom Tolliss 7861 8515
Secretary
Shyme Communications WLC
4. Who is this announcement intended for?
(A) Tom Tolliss
(B) Employees
(C) Clients
(D) Shareholders

5. What it stated about WLC's issued capital?

(A) It is over 80 million.
(B) It is over 20%.
(C) It is under 17 million.
(D) It is 25 pence.

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6-10 refer to the following e-mail and announcement.
To: r.amorette@hyone.com
From: Chris.Wise@buxton.com
Subject: Grand Hall
Dear Roger,
I'd just like to confirm all the details for the reservations I made on behalf of Buxton last week.
In my notes, it says that the company has the Grand Hall reserved on the evening of June 21st. It
doesn't say if we need to vacate the room by a specific time or if it will remain open through the
evening. If there's a time that the hall closes, could you please let me know?
On another note, some of the staff will be stopping by that afternoon to set up some equipment
for a presentation. Shelley Long will be among them. I'll tell her to look for you if she has any
problems.
Get back to me soon.
Cheers
Chris
On behalf of the CEO, I'd like to announce that the annual company banquet will be held on the
21st of this month in the Grand Hall at the HyOne Resort. I look forward to seeing you all there
and celebrating another successful year for Buxton.
The Grand Hall will be open to everyone at 8 PM. There will be a buffet laid out, so feel free to
help yourselves once you're in. Around 9 PM Shelley Long from Human Resources will be
hosting an awards ceremony. While you are still welcome to partake of the buffet and bar, please
try to be respectful and not disrupt the speeches.
With that said, I hope to see everyone there, and I hope that you all have a great time.
All the best,
Chris Wise

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6. Why is Mr. Wise writing to Mr. Amorette?
(A) To check details
(B) To schedule an appointment
(C) To reserve a room
(D) To invite to a party
.
7. According to the e-mail, when will Shelley be there?
(A) Evening
(B) Afternoon
(C) Morning
(D) Tomorrow

8. Who probably will meet Roger next?

(A) Buxton employees
(B) Chris Wise
(C) Shelley Long
(D) The Buxton CEO

9. For whom is the announcement most likely intended?

(A) All employees
(B) Managers
(C) Marketing
(D) Sales representatives

10. What is true about the event?

(A) It does not have a bar.
(B) It is in a different city.
(C) It will not have dinner
(D) It happens every year.

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4. MEMO
| Hỏi về chủ đề
What is the purpose of this memo?
(Mục đích của thư báo này là gì?)
Tìm đáp án ở phần đầu đoạn văn.

Thông tin yêu cầu

What is the customer asked to do?
(Khách hàng được yêu cầu làm gì?)
Tìm đáp án ở phần cuối đoạn văn, mệnh đề if, câu mệnh lệnh.

Hỏi về đối tượng

To whom is this memo intended?
(Thư báo này dành cho ai?)
Thông tin về đáp án thường xuất hiện ở phần đầu đoạn văn.

1. Nắm vững mẫu thư báo

Việc nắm vững mẫu cấu trúc đoạn thư báo giúp ích cho việc trả lời câu hỏi.

Người gửi, người nhận, tiêu đề From: Personnel Manager, Department of Human
Resources
To: All Staff Members
RE: Application Procedures for Promotion
Chủ đề If you would like to apply for a promotion in your
department, please complete the signed HR-application
form by June 30.
Thông tin chi tiết At least two candidates in each department will be invited
to perform ten-minute presentations on why they believe
they deserve a promotion sometime in July.
Thông tin liên hệ If you have any questions, send me an e-mail at
Tim@exon.com or call me at extension 836.

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2. Thông tin trọng tâm cần nắm vững trong thư báo
Mục đích
• We regret to inform you that... Chúng tôi rất tiếc phải thông báo rằng ~
• I sending this memo to... Tôi gửi thư báo này để ~
Nhiệm vụ
• The work schedule for + người + will change... Lịch trình làm việc cho ~ sẽ có thay đổi
• A (người nào đó) + is responsible for... A chịu trách nhiệm~

3. Từ vựng trọng tâm theo chủ đề

5. Kinh tế large order đặt hàng số lượng lớn
allocate phân chia maximize tối đa hoá
apparel quần áo multilateral đa phương
balanced ổn định plunge giảm sâu
boost thúc đẩy rebound tăng trở lại
changeable dễ thay đổi revenue thu nhập
curtail cắt bớt shipment chất lên tàu, gửi hàng
default mặc định stipulate quy định
deplete dùng hết valid có hiệu lực
downturn suy thoái kinh tế deduction khấu trừ
extract tách ra ratio tỉ lệ
flourishing hưng thịnh advance tăng (giá)
ups and downs thăng trầm back order đơn hàng tồn đọng
impose đánh thuế on the rise xu thế tăng lên
lavish lãng phí competitive edge vị thế cạnh tranh
premises cơ sở credit standing tín dụng dự phòng
prosperous hưng thịnh cutting jobs cắt giảm nhân công
recession suy thoái kinh tế deflation giảm phát
setback giảm sút depressed trì trệ
stimulate kích thích embargo lệnh cấm vận
volatile không ổn định fiscal year năm tài chính
deficit thâm hụt fluctuate biến động bất thường
surpass vượt trội fulfill thi hành

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 assess định giá infrastructure cơ sở hạ tầng
auction đấu giá initial order đặt hàng lần đầu
climb tăng insolvent không trả được nợ
commodity lãng phí lift up cứu vớt tình hình kinh tế
consignment hàng ký gửi scale down giảm quy mô
deduct khấu trừ sluggish trì trệ
domestic nội địa surplus tiền lãi
expenditure chi tiêu tenant người thuê
extravagant lãng phí retailer người bán lẻ
frugal tiết kiệm

1-2 Refer to the following memo.

To: Julie Anders
From: Randall Embrew
RE: Advice
To begin, I would like to stress that in general the management is satisfied with your
performance in fulfilling your duties in the workplace. However, in the interest of making
workflow in the office more efficient, I would like to offer to you the following advice:
I have noticed that when you are working, you stay in close contact with your coworkers in other
departments. Even though frequent communication is very important, I'd like to ask you to
refrain from checking your email and text messages throughout the day. Doing this can be
disruptive not only to your concentration and workflow, but also to the concentration of those
around you.
We hope that you understand that this letter does not represent a criticism of you in any way, but
that it is merely offered for the benefit of both you and the company.
Respectfully yours,
Randall Embrew

1. What is the purpose of the memo?

(A) To review a meeting
(B) To criticize performance
(C) To give a tip
(D) To report on progress

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2. What is Julie advised NOT to do?
(A) Check personal messages
(B) Contact her coworkers
(C) Satisfy her director
(D) Focus in tasks

3-7 Refer to the following memo and e-mail.

To: All employees
From: Human Resources
Re: Junior Bowl-a-thon
The 12th Annual Junior Achievement Bowl-a-thon will take place on Saturday, October 2 in the
Greater Houston Area and Saturday, October 9 in the Richmond area. This would be a great
opportunity for our company to get together to have fun and help out a worthy cause. The
fundraiser will be raising money for all of Junior Achievement's educational programs for
elementary and middle school students.
It doesn't matter if you're a good bowler. All that matters is how well you can raise money. All
the money our company raises will go to help programs right here in our own community. If you
would like to sign up, let me know. If you can't make it there, but would like to donate money to
the cause, email me and I will let you know how to do just that.
Walter Givens

To: walt-givens@naytech.com
From: mark-mayer@naytech.com
Subject: Bowl-a-thon
Dear Walter,
I and several others from my department would like to sign up for the JA Bowl-a-thon. I, myself,
would like to sign up for the October 2 event. Chris Mathews and Dory Stevens would like to
sign up for the one the 9th.
Dennis Simmons and Kathy Wilcox will not be able to attend either event, but they are very
interested in donating money. If you could message them about how to donate to JA, they would
gladly give some money.
I look forward to seeing you there.
Mark Mayer

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3. What is the purpose of this memo?
(A) To inform of a new policy
(B) To announce an event
(C) To organize a party
(D) To schedule a conference

4. According to the memo, what organization is the fundraiser for?

(A) Junior Achievemented
(B) Naytech
(C) Bowl-A-Thon
(D) Walter Givens

5. What is indicated about the event?

(A) It is mandatory.
(B) It is for charity.
(C) It is hosted by Naytech.
(D) It is a monthly event.

6. Who will address Mr. Mayer's request?

(A) Kathy Wilcox
(B) Junior Achievement
(C) Chris Matthews
(D) Walter Givens

7. When will Mr. Simmons go to the event?

(A) October 2
(B) October 9
(C) Next week
(D) He won't go.

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8-10 Refer to the following memo.
To: John Hammond
From: Kelly Wilkers
Subject: National Healthcare Personnel Week
National Healthcare Personnel Week will take place from April 1 to April 7. National Healthcare
Personnel Week provides the perfect opportunity to enhance guest relations, increase hospital
morale and improve communication between departments.
The National Association of Healthcare Management has great ideas for programs that recognize
the importance of all personnel and promotional activities. We would like your support and
expertise in planning our special events, especially those involving the entire hospital.
If you'd like to get background information on this important celebration, please review the
association's website.
I would appreciate your suggestions for organizing our activities during this special week. We
hope that you can support us in this worthwhile effort. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

8. Why is Ms. Wilkers writing to Mr. Hammond?

(A) To arrange a meeting to discuss programs
(B) To solicit ideas for a special event
(C) To schedule a medical appointment
(D) To offer some advice for a celebration

9. How long will the special event last?

(A) For a week
(B) For 3 days
(C) Until the end of the month
(D) All day

10. What happens if John visits the website?

(A) He will sign up for healthcare services.
(B) He will gain access to a special event.
(C) He will see career advice.
(D) He will find ways to celebrate.

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5. INFORMATION
Hỏi về xuất xứ
Where is this information most likely to be found?
(Nơi nào thông tin này có khả năng xuất hiện cao nhất?)
Thông tin liên quan thường xuất hiện ở phần đầu đoạn văn.

Hỏi về đối tượng

For whom is this document intended?
(Văn bản này hướng đến đối tượng nào?)
Đáp án thường được đề cập ở phần đầu đoạn văn.

1. Nắm vững mẫu đoạn thông tin hướng dẫn

Việc nắm vững mẫu đoạn thông tin hướng dẫn giúp ích cho việc tìm đáp án.
Tựa đề Wild Fun Travel
Giới thiệu công ty du lịch Wild Fund Travel has everything you need for your dream
vacation. We are the Africa Travel experts.

Phương thức liên hệ If you have any questions or want to make a reservation, email
to vacation @wildfuntravel.com or call at (253)537-4493

Hướng dẫn dịch vụ của công ty Prices include:

du lịch Roundtrip transportation
Breakfast and lunch daily
Transfer between airport and hotels
Airline taxes, fees, and fuel surcharges.
*There is no additional fee for charging reservations.

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2. Từ vựng trọng tâm theo chủ đề
6. Sức khỏe exhale thở ra
addiction chất độc fever cảm
addictive trúng độc heart attack đau tim
antibiotic kháng sinh in shape khỏe mạnh
breathe thở injection tiêm
cavity răng sâu paralysis bại liệt
chronic kinh niên symptom triệu chứng
dizzy chóng mặt fatigue mệt mỏi
dosage liều lượng thuốc ward phòng bệnh
dose liều lượng thuốc vomit nôn
health care chăm sóc sức khỏe treat điều trị
hygiene vệ sinh come down with nhiễm bệnh
measles bệnh sởi diarrhea tiêu chảy
obesity béo phì digest tiêu hóa
side affect tác dụng phụ disability tàn tật
blood pressure huyết áp fatal trí mạng
genetic di truyen fill bốc thuốc
germ vi khuẩn health insurance bảo hiểm y tế
digest tiêu hóa indigestion chứng khó tiêu
contagious truyền nhiễm insomnia chứng mất ngủ
checkup kiểm tra sức khỏe plastic surgery phẫu thuật thẩm mỹ
diabetes bệnh tiểu đường ulcer chỗ loét
diagnose chuẩn đoán

7. Du lịch itinerary lịch trình du lịch

accommodation chỗ trọ remains di tích
attraction danh lam thắng cảnh route tuyến đường
check in nhận phòng refreshment món ăn nhẹ
check out trả phòng amenities tiện nghi
cuisine ẩm thực cafeteria quán ăn tự phục vụ
customs phong tục confiscate tịch thu

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 one serving 1 phần ăn courtesy phone gọi điện miễn phí
recipe công thức nấu ăn excursion chuyến du ngoại
souvenir quà lưu niệm guided tour chuyến du lịch có hướng dẫn viên
admission fee phí vào cửa hospitality industry ngành khách sạn
book đặt vé safety box két
clear thông qua kiểm tra travel agent công ty lữ hành
confirm xác nhận
culinary thuộc việc nấu nướng

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PRACTICE:

1-3 refer to the following information.

Welcome to Bangkok's Alpha Premier Resort!
The Alpha Premier's restaurant serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner. A poolside bar and a
bar/lounge are open for drinks on the first floor at the pool and lobby respectively. Room service
is available 24 hours a day.
Recreational amenities include an outdoor pool, a health club, a spa, and a sauna. The property's
full service health spa has beauty services. We hope that you'll make time to enjoy a world-class
Thai message from our trained professionals.
This Bangkok property has event space consisting of banquet facilities, conference and meeting
rooms, a ballroom, and exhibit space. The property offers a round-trip airport shuttle, but we
advise that guests do not use this service during rush hour, as traffic becomes quite heavy.
Wedding services, translation services, and tour assistance are available and can be scheduled at
the front desk. Guest parking is complimentary. Additional property amenities include a rooftop
terrace, a library, and a cafe. The property has designated areas for smoking, so please respect
your fellow guests.
1. For whom is the information most likely intended?
(A) Hotel guests
(B) Gym members
(C) Hotel employees
(D) Food service providers

2. What does the resort recommend visitors not to do?

(A) Offering language interpretation
(B) Using airport shuttles
(C) Supporting events
(D) Taking a limousine

3. What is stated about the lounge?

(A) It is by the pool.
(B) It is near the lobby.
(C) It is on the roof.
(D) It is world-class.

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 4-8 refer to the following catalog and letter.
Thank you for looking at our 2012 Spring Catalog. As you may or may not know 2012 marks the
10-year anniversary of Sherund Work Supplies! Because of this momentous occasion, we'd like
to invite you to join us in celebrating. To celebrate, we'd like to offer you the following specials:
Protective boots
Individual pair - $40.00
Group order - $30.00/pair
Waterproof spray
Individual bottle - $10.00
Group order - $5.00/bottle
Worker jumpsuits
Individual suit - $35.00
Group order - $25.00/suit

To Whom it may concern,

I have been ordering work supplies from your company for over 5 years now, and I've never had
a problem. As you may assume, I was shocked when an employee told me that his boots were
falling apart even though they were brand new.
It seemed like a fluke at first, but I heard the same complaint from about half of my workers. I'd
like to request a full refund or replacement of these 10 shoddy products. I write this to you
because I trust your company and hope that this will not happen again. If it does, I will look
elsewhere the next time I am in need of supplies.
Sincerely,
Alan Partridge
Partridge Construction
Chicago, IL

4. What is NOT indicated about Sherund Work Supplies?

(A) It is their anniversary.
(B) They are having a sale.
(C) It is a shoe company.
(D) They sell work equipment.

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5. Why was letter written?
(A) To make a complaint
(B) To order supplies
(C) To congratulate Sherund
(D) To request a new catalog

6. What most likely is the target consumer of Sherund?

(A) Marketing agencies
(B) Law firms
(C) Labor companies
(D) Accounting firms

7. Why was Alan shocked in the letter?

(A) His employee passed away.
(B) He trusts Sherund products.
(C) He never received his order.
(D) His company is bankrupt.

8. Which word is closest in meaning to 'shoddy' in paragraph 2, line 2 of the second passage?
(A) new
(B) sufficient
(C) low quality
(D) unusual

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9-10 refer to the following information.
Welcome to the 12th Samplus Annual Conference. Please refer to the following schedule for
further information about sessions. For special requirements kindly contact the organizer.
Day 1
11:00 a.m. Registration begins
1:00 - 5:15 p.m. Pre-conference workshops
5:15-6:00 p.m. Introduction to Samplus for new employees
6:00 - 6:30 p.m. Dinner
7:00 - 8:00 p.m. Keynote address from the CEO
8:00 - till late Welcome reception: Plenty of food, fun, and music!
Day 2
7:45 - 8:45 a.m. Breakfast
8:45 - 9:45 a.m. First session (register on day one)
10:00 - 11:00 a.m. Roundtable discussions
11:00 - 11:20 a.m. Short break
11:25 - 12:00 a.m. Branch meetings
12:00 - 1:30 p.m. Lunch (hotel lounge)
1:30 - 2:30 p.m. Second session (register)
2:45 - 3:45p.m. Third session (register)
4:00 - 4:45 p.m. Samplus business meeting
6:00 p.m. Dinner (on your own - organize dinner groups)

9. Who will most likely attend this conference?

(A) Managers
(B) Employees
(C) CEOs
(D) Clients

10. What is indicated about the sessions?

(A) Newcomers must sign up for them.
(B) They are assigned.
(C) They are for managers only.
(D) There will be prizes.

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6. FORMS
Hỏi về chủ đề
What is the purpose of this document?
(Mục đích của văn bản này là gì?)
Thông tin liên quan đến đáp án thường xuất hiện ở phần đầu.
Các dạng văn bản
What type of document is this?
(Văn bản này thuộc loại gì?)
Thông tin để trả lời thường xuất hiện ở phần đầu.
Hỏi về sự thật
What is NOT true about the invoice?
(Điều gì không đúng về hóa đơn này?)
Tìm đáp án xung quanh ký hiệu hay câu đặc trưng.

1. Nắm vững mẫu

Việc nắm vững mẫu giúp ích cho việc trả lời câu hỏi.
Người gửi hóa đơn Quickpress Technologies
Suite 7, 77 Marwood Place
Rainwood, B.C., V6T 707
1-888-888-888
Người thanh toán và ngày tháng năm Mike's Computer Bin
8424 Business Plaza
Vancouver, B.C., V9W 2T2
Date of Invoice: June 19, 2012
Nội dung vật phẩm và giá INVOICE FOR:
1 HP OfficeJet Inkjet Color Printer $583.97
GST $29.20
Yêu cầu thanh toán TOTAL PAYABLE: $613.17
Invoice No. 7530
To be paid within 30 days of invoice date.
Người nhận thanh toán Submit payment to:
Quickpress Technologies
Suite 7, 77 Marwood Place
Rainwood, B.C., V6T 707
1-888-888-888

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2. Từ vựng trọng tâm theo chủ đề
8. Truyền thông quarterly (ấn phẩm) theo quý
amenity tiện nghi rating xếp loại
cater phục vụ đồ uống synopsis tóm tắt
compile biên soạn bulletin board bảng tin
newsletter thư báo classified quảng cáo theo hạng mục
publication xuất bản (phẩm) obituary cáo phó
rain check vé đảm bảo out of print không còn xuất bản
khi trời mưa periodical xuất bản định kỳ
refresh làm tỉnh táo press release thông cáo báo chí
banquet tiệc reference tham khảo
circulation số lượng phát hành release phát hành
draft bản thảo
manuscript bản gốc
preview xem trước, duyệt trước

9. Giao thông launch hạ thủy

window seat ghế cạnh cửa sổ quarantine kiểm dịch
counter cửa lên máy bay
stopover điểm dừng
compact car xe cỡ nhỏ
via thông qua
declare khai báo
car maintenance bảo dưỡng xe
immigration nhập cư
overhaul đại tu chauffeur lái xe

start engine khởi động động cơ claim area chỗ nhận hành lý
vehicle phương tiện connection chuyến tiếp
aisle seat chỗ ngồi gần lối đi embark lên (tàu, máy bay)
boulevard đại lộ flight check-in thủ tục lên máy bay
claim check phiếu giữ hành lý ký gửi recharge sạc
convey vận chuyển
used car xe cũ
detector máy dò
security check kiểm tra an ninh

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 PRACTICE:

1-2 refer to the following form.

JOB APPLICATION
First Name:
Last Name:
Street Address:
City, State, Zip Code:
Phone Number:
Are you eligible to work in the United States? D
Yes No
If you are under age 18, do you have an employment/age certificate?
Yes No
POSITION/AVAILABILITY:
Position applied for:
What date are you available to start work?
EDUCATION:
Name and address of school - degree/diploma - graduation date
EMPLOYMENT HISTORY:
Employer:
Email:
Position
Title:
From: To:
Responsibilities:

1. What information is NOT required for the position?

(A) Age
(B) Degree
(C) Address
(D) Past work

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2. How can nen How can people under age of 18 apply?
(A) By visiting the website
(B) By providing certification
(C) By petitioning City Hall
D) By getting permission from your parents

3-7 refer to the following invitation and e-mail.

INVITATION
On Saturday, February 8th, 2013
From 5 to 9 p.m.
295 Wescott Avenue
Albany, New York
Enjoy a delicious sampling of the menu

M. Ryan,
You have been a great deal of help to my family and me, so I hope that you'll be able to attend.
The private grand opening will take place on the 8th, a week before our public grand opening.
Feel welcome to bring your family or friends with you. Please let us know if you'll be attending
and how many guests you will be bringing.
Thank you again.
Sanjay Suwalker

To: sanjay.s@naver.com
From: j-ryan@neword.com
Subject: Grand Opening
Sanjay
I would love attend, I would consider it an honor to participate in the opening of your Bistro.
Unfortunately, I have a meeting that afternoon, so I will be a little late. If it's all right, my family
will come before me, and I will join you all as soon as possible.
As for my guests: My wife, son, daughter, and mother will be joining me for the opening. I'm
very happy to hear you've finally made your dream come true. See you there!
All the Best
Jeff Ryan

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3. What are guests being invited to?
(A) The grand opening of a store
(B) The public opening
(C) The opening of a school
(D) The private opening of a restaurant

4. What is NOT mentioned about the opening?

(A) The date
(B) The time of the event
(C) The type of food
(D) The location

5. Why is Mr. Ryan invited?

(A) He assisted Sanjay's family.
(B) He is related to Sanjay.
(C) He owns Sanjay's Bistro.
(D) He knows Sanjay's sister.

6. What does Mr. Suwalker ask Mr. Ryan to do?

(A) Bring food
(B) Confirm his guests
(C) Serve the customers
(D) Meet him

7. Why will Mr. Ryan be late?

(A) He doesn't own a car.
(B) He works far away.
(C) He has to go to the doctor.
(D) He has an appointment.

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8-10 refer to the following coupon.
Free information call and 25% off consultation!
TeamPath is an international team-building and professional development-training firm. Our
mission is to guide our clients to greater prosperity through energizing team building programs
and professional development activities.

TeamPath specializes in delivering team-building programs for very large groups including
outings, sales meetings, and other company-wide gatherings. These engaging and entertaining
team-building events can be delivered in any location - indoor or outdoor - across the country.

8. What is the purpose of this coupon?

(A) To prepare an event
(B) To impress employees
(C) To attract clients
(D) To schedule exercises

9. Which is NOT a program Team Path focuses on?

(A) Meetings
(B) Company events
(C) Fund raisers
(D) Outings

10. Who is this coupon most likely intended for?

(A) Large businesses
(B) Investors
(C) Consultants
(D) Students

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7. TEXT MESSAGES CHAIN
Hỏi về mục đích

What is the main topic being discussed?

Why did Ms. Kim send the message?

Why did Ms. Kim contact Ms. Goff?

Hỏi về ý định người viết

Typical questions: At 7:36p.m, what does Ms. Kim most likely mean when she writes, “I don’t
know”?

Hỏi về yêu cầu

What does Mr. Ryan ask Ms. Jane to do?

What are Ms. Rose asked to do?

Câu trả lời đúng thường được diễn đạt I would appreciate your…, I would be very grateful if you
could…, Do you mind…, Can you help me with…, what about…, I would like you to….

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 EXAMPLE:

Jeff Simons 8:12

Hi Ms. Gotti. Just got to the conference center. I’m at delivery bay 21.

Miriam Gotti 8:15 Purpose of the

message
Ok, Jeff. I’m headed over right now with a few of my team members.
Should be there in 20 minutes.

Jeff Simons 8:17

Noted. Would you like me to start unloading stuff for the event?

Mariam Gotti 8:21

Sure. I just got off the phone with Mr. Cooper. He’s in the lobby
upstairs. I’ve asked him to go down and meet you.

Jeff Simons 8:22

Great! Is it all right if we start setting up then?

Mariam Gotti 8:23

Writer’s intention
By all means! Mr. Cooper’s got the forms you’ll need to get past
security.

Mariam Gotti 8:24

We’re in Hall D, by the way.

Jeff Simmons 8;25

Got it! See you there in a bit, Ms. Gotti

1. Why did Mr. Simmons contact Ms. Gotti?

(A) To ask for further instructions
(B) To notify her about a delivery
(C) To confirm her attendance at an event
(D) To inquire about some documents

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2. Where will Mr.Copper meet Mr.Simmons?
(A) In Hall D
(B) In the lobby
(C) At delivery bay 21
(D) At a security office
3. At 8:23, what does Ms. Kim most likely mean when she writes, “By all means”?
(A) She will try to get to the venue as soon as possible
(B) She would like Mr. Simons to follow through with his idea
(C) She expects a task to be completed within a time frame
(D) She wants Mr. Simons to find people who can assist him

PRACTICE:

Question 01 refers to the following text message chain

Besty Lindhof 8:52

Did you get my e-mail last Friday? About Ms. Farrow?
Daniel Sung 8:55
No, what about her? Is there a problem?
Besty Lindhof 8:56
Oh, it’s just that she won’t be able to start work today. Had a personal emergency. She can come in
tomorrow, though.
Daniel Sung 8:57
OK, no problem. We’re mostly just doing orientation today. She can catch up.
Besty Lindhof 8:58
That’s what I thought. Just wanted to let you know.
Daniel Sung 8:59
Thanks. The rest of the new employees are waiting in the training room. I’ll be there in a few minutes.

Question: At 8:58, what does Ms. Lindhof mean when she writes “That’s what I thought”?

(A) She was certain that Mr. Sung could take her place.
(B) She did not believe Ms. Farrow’s absence would be an issue.
(C) She assumed that an extra session would need to be held.

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Question 02 refers to the following text message chain

Emma Browning 15:39

Hi Sarah. It looks like I won’t be making it back to the office this afternoon. My meeting is
running long. Could you send me your presentation by e-mail instead?

Sarah Clapp 15:41

Hi, Emma. Sure thing. But do you think you’ll have time to look it over before tomorrow?

Emma Browning 15:46

Absolutely. I can read it on my way home on the train and send you my notes at around 7p.m.

Sarah Clapp 15:47

I really appreciate that, but I hope I’m not putting you out. You must have a lot on your plate.

Emma Browning 15:48

Yes, but it’s quite all right. It’s your first client meeting, and I promised I’d help…which is not
to say I don’t think you will do well. I’m sure you will.

Sarah Clapp 15:51

Thank you, Emma! I’m sending the documents to you as we speak.

Question: What is NOT indicated about Ms. Browning?

(A) Her meeting will probably end late.

(B) She commutes to work on a train.
(C) She is uncertain about Ms. Clapp’s abilities.

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Questions 03-06 refers to the following text message chain

Hank Warden 11:26a.m

Good morning. I’m with Bene Connect Wireless. I’ve come to your apartment to install a
router, but no one is home. Are you nearby?
Michaela Howe 11:28a.m
Oh. That completely slipped my mind. I’m actually at the airport right now. I’m about to catch
a flight.
Hank Warden 11:29a.m
OK. That’s fine. We can reschedule easily enough.
Michaela Howe 11:35a.m
But I really need the new router set up because the one your company installed last year isn’t
working anymore. I’ll contact the building manager to see if she can give you access to my
apartment.
Michaela Howe 11:40a.m
I just spoke to the manager, Susan Lewis, and she said she will let you in. Just go meet her at
the office on the second floor.
Hank Warden 11:42a.m
All right. Is it OK if she sign the work order form? The company requires authorization before
I start any work.
Michaela Howe 11:43a.m
That shouldn’t be a problem.
Hank Warden 11:44a.m
Great. Your new router should be all set up when you get back from your trip. If it gives you
any trouble, just let us know and we will change it for free as long as it’s still under warranty.

03 Who most likely is Mr. Warden?

(A) A technician
(B) A salesperson
(C) A landlord
(D) A plumber

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04 What is suggested about Ms. Howe?

(A) She will meet Ms. Lewis later in the day.

(B) She is an existing customer of Bene Connect.
(C) She is employed by an Internet provider.
(D) She just returned from a business trip.

05 At 11:43a.m, what does Ms. Howe mean when she writes, “That shouldn’t be a problem”?

(A) She is willing to repair a device on her own.

(B) She does not mind if someone else signs for her.
(C) She can go down to a lobby to meet a technician.
(D) She is familiar with a software installation process.

06 What is indicated about Bene Connect Wireless?

(A) It offers services seven days a week

(B) It is planning to release a new product.
(C) It does not charge to replace items under warranty.
(D) It is conducting a survey among its customers.

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CHAPTER 3 : MULTIPLE PASSAGES
(DOUBLE PASSAGES AND TRIPLE
PASSAGES)

EXAMPLE:

The question below refers to the following article and letter.

The IMV Record Company has announced that they are planning to buy the Step 2:
H&B Company in order to expand their business in the market. The IMV has Find the
been lonely struggling in the severe competition with larger record companies
second
such as Power Music Company or Harmony Company. Their sales figures this
year have decreased by 5.7%, whereas profit from the H&B Company’s outlets hint
during the two quarters has gone down by 8%. Experts have predicted that the
IMV Company will close some of the H&B Company’s outlets to cut down
expenses and lay off a number of employees.

To whom it may concern,

I am the spokesman of the H&B Company. I am writing this letter in response
to the article published on Music Magazine on June 10. Contrary to what was Step 2:
stated in the article, our company’s sales in two quarters have only declined Find the
slightly by 0.8%. The article may have provoked a negative impact on our
first hint
business. Therefore, I am requesting you to correct this information as soon as
possible.
Yours faithfully,
Mark
Question: What is implied about Mark? Step 1: Identify the key word(s)
(A) He is the representative of a record association.
(B) His company will be purchased. Step 3: Generalize the two hints to help choose the
answer

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 PRACTICE:

Question 09 refers to the following review and program.

The Summer Stage Community Theater opened its new season last night with a production of
Waiting for the Last Bell to Ring. Much to my surprise, this may be the best production of the
year! A novel adapted to the stage, it is a mix of romance, comedy, adventure, and tragedy in
Paris in the eighteenth century.
The costumes and sets were simply amazing without being a distraction. The lead actress, Mr.
Bowles, was quite convincing, her growth in this role brought the audience to tears. If there
was a weak point, it was the script, which seemed to lack a natural flow between some scenes.

Summer Stage Community Theater

Presents
Waiting for the Last Bell to Ring
Scripted by
Franco Seginer
Starring…..……………………….Gayle Bowles and Arthur Mandel
Directed by………………….........................................Sally Noleila
Costume Designer.……………………………………..Rachel Green
Production Designer..………………………………….Wesley Pierce
Technical Designer…………………………………….....Tom Brown
This production has made possible by the generous sponsorship of members of the local
business community.
Question: Whose work received a negative review?
(A) Gayle Bowles
(B) Rachel Green
(C) Franco Seginer

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Question 10 refers to the following two advertisements.

UNIC – posting number 9021 – posted November 27

The UN Information Coalition (UNIC) seeks motivated individuals who enjoy working in teams
under leading IT specialists.
Duties: The individual will work with others to compile information.
Requirements: Fluency in English is necessary; proficiency in additional languages is preferred.
Familiarity with PowerSlide software is a must, as the job involves presentations.
The application deadline is December 5. Applicants will be contacted for
interviews by December 19.

Riviera Cruise Line – posting number 4519 – posted December 3

Riviera Cruise Line is looking for new employees that have a willingness to work with others.
Applicants are encouraged to apply regardless of their experience in the service industry as long
as they are not restricted from international travel. To learn about the various positions open, e-
mail to job@riviera.com. These jobs offer an opportunity to travel, make money, and above all,
have fun!
10 According to the postings, what are applicants at both companies required to do?

(A) Work in groups

(B) Speak two languages
(C) Learn about software

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Questions 11-15 refer to the following notice.

With the successful opening of Footloose Shoes stores in Philadelphia and New Jersey last year,
the company has decided to expand into Seattle, Portland, and San Francisco. New stores are
under construction and will be completed in three months. They are projected to open within
the year.
The company first began operations seven years ago as a small boutique store located in New
York. It quickly gained a reputation for high-quality, stylish products. Although the company
initially produced and sold only women’s shoes, two years after opening, the decision was made
to move into men’s shoes. This proved to be a big success, and soon, men’s shoes accounted
for over 70 percent of the company’s total sales. However, in conjunction with the upcoming
expansion, the company will launch a new line of women’s shoes to boost sales.

Dear Ms. Gomez,

The directors of Footloose Shoes would like to take this opportunity to thank you for your years
of service to the company. In fact, your involvement in the opening of the Philadelphia branch
played an important role in the success of the company.
We would like you to manage the new store in San Francisco for about a year. You would be
in charge of dealing with any problems connected to the opening of the new store.
By the end of the year, our plans to expand into Europe will be completed. If the branch is
successful, you would most likely be appointed regional manager for our European stores. As
a regional manager, you would be responsible for all aspects of our European operation. We
look forward to achieving success with you in the future. Please call me to discuss this further.
Your sincerely,
Nicolas Nelson

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 11 In the article, the word “projected” in 14 What did Ms. Gomez do last year?
paragraph 1, line 3 is closest in meaning to… (A) She participated in the establishment of
(A) Tightened the company.
(B) Scheduled (B) She assisted with opening a store in
(C) Shown Philadelphia.
(D) Agreed (C) She worked for another corporation in
12 When was Footloose Shoes founded? New Jersey.
(A) Last month (D) She traveled throughout Europe.
(B) Last year 15 What will probably happen if the store in
(C) Two years ago San Fancisco is successful?
(D) Seven years ago (A) Ms. Gomez will open her own store
13 What is NOT mentioned as part of the (B) Ms. Gomez will be transferred to
company’s plans for the current year? Europe.
(A) The release of a new product line (C) Ms. Gomez will move back to
(B) The opening of new shops Philadelphia.
(C) An expansion into menswear (D) Ms. Gomez will become a director.
(D) The construction of several stores

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Question 16-20 refers to the following advertisement and resume.

Employment Opportunities
The Federal Housing Institute (FHI) is seeking a full-time research associate. FHI is an
independent research institute dedicated to housing and community development issues.
Responsibilities of the position:
- Conducting research on FHI projects, including data analysis and field investigations;
- Preparing progress reports for the members of the FHI board, investors, and others;
- Representing FHI at meetings and conferences.
The successful candidate should possess a master’s degree in city planning, and a minimum of
two years’ professional experience in the related field is required. The key requirement for the
position involves a persuasive speaking ability to please diverse audiences. So, an applicant with
a public speaking ability or having equivalent qualifications is preferred. Frequent travel and oral
contacts with policy makers are worth considering.
Salary will be commensurate with qualifications and experience. Please send a cover letter and
resume to: The federal housing Institute, 220 Westlake Ave., Seattle, WA 98121.
Margaret Cooper
711 Pine St., Seattle, WA 98101
206-563-1156
Objective
To obtain the position of research associate
Educational Background
University of Seattle, Master of Science in City Planning
Meyer University, Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering
Meyer University, Bachelor of Arts in Communication
Work Experience
Associate Researcher, Bishop Urban Development Co., 2006 ~ present
- Researching urban water supply design and construction
Associate Researcher, Ardell city, Department of City Development, 2003 ~ 2006
- Wrote research summaries and case studies for Ardell City waterway research activities
- Published the paper “The Role of Urban Waterways” in Today and Future

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 16 Who posted the advertisement? 19 What qualification of Margaret Cooper
(A) A construction company would be most compatible with the
(B) A real estate agency company’s requirements?
(C) A research organization (A) Her diploma from the University of
(D) A city’s department Seattle
(B) Her studies in communicating
17 What is NOT mentioned as a requirement
(C) Her experience in publishing
for the job?
(D) Her degrees from Meyer University
(A) A graduate degree
(B) Related experience 20 What does Margaret Cooper do at her
(C) A willingness to travel current job?
(D) Computer literacy (A) She researches urban water services
(B) She represents the company at
18 What does the advertisement suggest?
conferences.
(A) FHI raises funds for urban
(C) She contributes papers to a magazine.
development.
(D) She works on Ardell City’s projects.
(B) Pay depends on the background of the
applicant.
(C) The job involves contributions to a
periodical.
(D) FHI is going to expand its research
division.

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Question 21-25 refer to the following article, Web page, and e-mail.

Oz-Air Now Operating Daily Flights to Singapore

Oz-Air has announced daily trips between Sydney and the hub of Southeast Asia- Singapore. Nonstop eight-hour
flights will depart daily from Sydney at 9:40a.m. In addition, return flights will head back to Sydney every day at
6:20 p.m.

“Whether traveling for business or pleasure, passengers can expect the same exceptional service from staff” says
Oz-Air marketing director Jennifer Hogan. “We will take care of you on your trip with gourmet meals and attentive
service”. Singapore has increasingly become a popular destination, offering sights, shopping, cuisine, and unique
experiences in a multicultural setting.

To celebrate the new route, Oz-Air is offering return tickets to Singapore for only $569. Further details can be found
on the airline’s Website at www.oz-air.com.

www.oz-air.com

PASSENGER NAME: Edmund Chang EMAIL: chang@enterprise.com

ADDRESS: 30 42nd Street, Sydney, Australia PHONE: (902)555-9388

FLIGHT NUMBER: ZA 909 DEPARTURE: March 15, 9:40a.m, Sydney

RETURN FLIGHT NUMBER: ZA 908 DEPARTURE: March 18, 6:20p.m, Singapore

CLASS: Economy Class FREQUENT FLYER NUMBER: None

Note: Cancellations are not possible on any promotional fare offered by the airline. However, other changes are possible
provided notice is given at least 10 days before the scheduled date of departure. A $100 fee is applicable in such cases.

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 To: bookinga@oz-air.co.au

From: Edmund Chang (chang@enterprise.com)

Subject: Flight

Date: January 14

Dear Madam or Sir,

I recently purchased a ticket for a flight to Singapore on March 15. I am attending the Biological
Studies Conference there. I was discussing the conference with an associate at NSW Enterprises, Fred
Banks, and told him about your promotional offer. As our work is directly related to the subject of the
conference, he would like to accompany me. However, there are no seats available for him on the day I
was planning to return. But there are many seats available the next day. Would it be possible to change
my tickets so that my colleague and I can travel together? Please let me know as soon as possible as we
would like to book quickly while seats are still vacant for the return flight.

Regards,

Edmund Chang

21 Why is Oz-Air offering the special?

(A) To promote its new route

(B) To commemorate the date of its establishment
(C) To publicize its frequent traveler program
(D) To outsell a competing airline

22 What is suggested about Mr.Chang?

(A) He requested an upgrade to business class.

(B) He is not a member of Oz-Air’s frequent flyer program.
(C) He frequently travels out of Sydney for his job
(D) He did not provide all the necessary contact information.

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23 What is indicated about Mr.Chang’s upcoming flight?

(A) It cannot be combined with other special offers

(B) It will last for approximately eight hours.
(C) It is scheduled to depart in the evening
(D) It will only be a one-way journey

24 Based on the email, in which field does Mr.Chang most likely work?

(A) Travel and tourism

(B) Scientific research

(C) Economic studies

(D)Advertising and promotions

25 What does Mr. Chang want to do?

(A) Book two seats for a flight on March 19

(B) Change his colleague’s date of arrival

(C)Get a cancellation charge refunded

(D) Sign up a coworker for a conference

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Question 26-30 refer to the following notice, schedule, and email.

NOTICE: All Tech-Train Fitness Center Instructors

As you may know, the additions to our instructional facilities are nearly complete. This will
affect the location of some scheduled courses. From October 1, we will begin using the new
large exercise room for our aerobics and self-defense classes. Also, all yoga courses will be
held in a specialized room located next to the indoor swimming pool. The yoga room now has
its own private changing area and shower for the use of instructors and their assistants. These
will also be available for use starting in October. Finally, two medium-sized workout rooms
have been added on the second floor. They will be used for all our small-group dance fitness
workouts. Please check future work schedules to find out where your classes will be taught.
Thank you for your patience over the past two months of construction, and we hope our staff
will find the changes and additions beneficial.

Tech-Train Fitness Center: Fall Class Schedule (October-December)

Class Day/Time Instruction/ Location

Introduction to Yoga Mon./Thurs.9-10a.m Bev Peabody, Yoga Room

Intermediate Yoga Tues./Fri.9-10:30a.m Raine Lewis, Yoga Room

Advanced Yoga Wed./Sat.10-11:30a.m Bev Peabody, Yoga Room

Instruction to Dance Fitness Tues./Fri. 8:30-10a.m Jay Ang, Workout room A(2nd floor)

Intermediate Dance Fitness Wed./Sat.9-10:30a.m Jay Ang, Workout room A(2nd floor)

Advanced Dance Fitness Thurs./Fri.6:30-8p.m Jay Ang, Workout room B(2nd floor)

Beginner Self- Defense Mon./Thurs. 8-9:30a.m Helen Boyd, Exercise Room

Intermediate Self- Defense Tues./Fri.8-9:30a.m Jay Ang, Exercise Room

Advanced Self- Defense Wed./Sat.2-3:30a.m Helen Boyd, Exercise Room

Aerobics Tues./Wed.8-9:30a.m Raine Lewis, Exercise Room

Contact the center’s assistant director by e-mail if you have any questions or concerns regarding the schedule.

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 To: Serena Cruz scru@techtrainfirness.com

From: Jay Ang jang@techtrainfitness.com

Subject: Schedule problem

Date: September 28

Hi Serena,

I just saw the class schedule for this upcoming fall. Unfortunately, I happened to notice that
there is a conflict. You have me scheduled for a self-defense class that overlaps with another
course I teach on Tuesdays and Fridays. I’m sure it was just an oversight, but we will need to
make some adjustments.

I may have a solution. I spoke to Helen Boyd, and she is happy to switch times and classes
with me. Let me know if this is fine. If so, I’ll do the advanced class and she can do the
intermediate one.

Thanks!

Jay

26. What is the notice mainly about?

(A) Changes to a work scheduling system

(B) Added facilities at a fitness center

(C) New classes being offered by an instructor

(D) Temporary closures of some workout rooms

27. What is indicated about Bev Peabody?

(A) She will teach in a room located on the second floor

(B) She will have access to a reserved dressing room and shower

(C) She will train an assistant instructor during her sessions

(D) She will only lead courses on weekdays this fall

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28. What is true about Tech- Train Fitness Center?

(A) It will have fewer classes than usual for a short period.

(B) It offers aerobics classes for different levels.

(C) Its courses take place once every week.

(D) It will not conduct classes on Sundays

29. Who most likely is Serena Cruz?

(A) A self-defense instructor at a fitness center

(B) A participant in a dance-oriented course

(C) An assistant director at a fitness club

(D) An applicant for a private trainer position

30. What has Helen Boyd agreed to do?

(A) Trade a scheduled class with a colleague

(B) Notify students about a schedule change

(C) Switch rooms with a coworker

(D) Enroll in a less advanced course

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ACTUAL TEST

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 LISTENING
SECTION
PART 1 - -

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I. Giới thiệu chung:
- Tên gọi: Photographs/ Picture Descriptions (Miêu tả tranh)
- Gồm 6 câu hỏi (từ câu 1 đến câu 6), tương ứng với 6 bức tranh
- Với mỗi bức tranh, thí sinh sẽ nghe 4 câu miêu tả bức tranh đó, chọn câu miêu tả đúng
nhất rồi tô đáp án tương ứng A, B, C hoặc D vào phiếu trả lời

II. Thể loại:

- Tả người: 1 hoặc nhiều người
- Tả vật
- Tả người và vật

III. Dạng câu hỏi:

- Câu miêu tả hành động
- Câu miêu tả trạng thái
- Câu miêu tả vị trí

IV. Chiến thuật làm bài

- Phân tích thể loại
- Dự đoán câu miêu tả bức tranh
- Quan sát kĩ càng bức tranh
- Chú ý nghe kĩ động từ
- Tân dụng thời gian 5s giữa các câu để quan sát bức tranh tiếp theo

V. Bẫy thường gặp

1. Đáp án bị gài bẫy về nội dung bức tranh:

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TASK: Read the incorrect statements about each photo. Change the underlined words to
make each statement correct.
1. The woman is holding a book……………...
2. The man has glasses………………………..
3. The computer is closed……………………..
4. The woman is writing the book…………….
5. The book is under the computer……………
6. The woman has dark hair…………………..

7. The man’s hat is in his hand………………..

8. They’re waiters……………………………..
9. They’re in the dining room…………………
10. One man is pouring water from a pot……...
11. They’re eating a meal…………………..
12. The plates are full………………………

Track 1: Try a TOEIC Test Question

Listen to the audio and circle the
people and things in the photo that
you hear. Next, read the answer
options and mark the statement that
best describes the photo. Then write
what the problem is for each of the
three incorrect options.
A. He is pointing at the screen.
B. The computer is closed.
C. She is looking at the screen.
D. He is buying a computer.

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2. Các từ phát âm giống nhau:
TASK 1. Look at the photo and read the four statements. Underline the words in the statements
that sound similar to things that are in the picture. Then mark the statement that best describes
the photo.

(A) He has a stomachache.

(B) He’s eating a steak.
(C) He’s cutting a piece of cake.
(D) He’s sitting by the lake.

Track 2. Try a TOEIC Test Question

Listen and circle things in the photo that you hear mentioned in the four statements. Next,
mark the statement that best describes the photo. Then underline the incorrect similar-
sounding words in the three incorrect options.
A. She has a big smile.
B. The aisle drawer is empty.
C. She is looking at the files.
D. The pile is very high.

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Track 3
Nghe các câu miêu tả về bức hình dưới đây, nếu có nội dung phù hợp với hình chọn T; nếu
ngược lại chọn F.
(A) [ T/F ]
(B) [ T/F ]
(C) [ T/F ]
(D) [ T/F ]
(E) [ T/F ]
(F) [ T/F ]

Track 4
Nghe các câu miêu tả về bức hình dưới đây, nếu có nội dung phù hợp với hình chọn T; nếu
ngược lại chọn F.
(A) [ T/F ]
(B) [ T/F ]
(C) [ T/F ]
(D) [ T/F ]
(E) [ T/F ]
(F) [ T/F ]

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Track 5
Chọn câu đúng qua lời miêu tả về các bức tranh dưới đây, lắng nghe và điền vào chỗ trống.
1. 2.

A□ B□ C□ D□ A□ B□ C□ D□
(A) The man is ………………… (A) He is …………………
(B) The man is ………………… (B) He is …………………
(C) The man is ………………… (C) He is …………………
(D) The man is ………………… (D) He is …………………

3. 4.

A□ B□ C□ D□ A□ B□ C□ D□
(A) The woman is ……………… (A) She is …………………
(B) The woman is ……………… (B) She is …………………
(C) The woman is ……………… (C) She is …………………
(D) The woman is ……………… (D) She is …………………

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Track 6
Nghe các câu miêu tả về bức hình dưới đây, nếu có nội dung phù hợp với hình chọn T; nếu
ngược lại chọn F.
(A) [ T/F ]
(B) [ T/F ]
(C) [ T/F ]
(D) [ T/F ]
(E) [ T/F ]
(F) [ T/F ]

Track 7
Nghe các câu miêu tả về bức hình dưới đây, nếu có nội dung phù hợp với hình chọn T; nếu
ngược lại chọn F.
(A) [ T/F ]
(B) [ T/F ]
(C) [ T/F ]
(D) [ T/F ]
(E) [ T/F ]
(F) [ T/F ]

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Track 8
Chọn câu đúng qua lời miêu tả về các bức tranh dưới đây, lắng nghe và điền vào chỗ trống.
2.

1.
A□ B□ C□ D□ A□ B□ C□ D□
(A) People are …………………… (A) The picture is ………………..
(B) The band is ………………….. (B) People are ……………………
(C) People are …………………… (C) People are ……………………
(D) Some people are …………...... (D) One of the men is ……………

3.

4.
A□ B□ C□ D□ A□ B□ C□ D□
(A) One woman is……………… (A) All the people are…………….
(B) One of the women is………. (B) People are……………………
(C) The women are……………. (C) People are……………………
(D) The women are……………. (D) People are……………………

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Track 9

1. 2.
3. 4.

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 6.

5
7. 8.

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Track 10
1.
2.

3. 4.

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 5. 6.

7. 8.

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Track 11
1. 2.

3. 4.

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 5. 6.

7. 8.

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Track 12

PRACTICE TEST

1.

2.

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 3.

4.

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 5.

6.

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 Track 13

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 1.

2.

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 3.

4.

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 5.

6.

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Track 14
Nghe các câu miêu tả về bức hình dưới đây, nếu có nội dung phù hợp với hình chọn T; nếu
ngược lại chọn F.
(A) [ T/F ]
(B) [ T/F ]
(C) [ T/F ]
(D) [ T/F ]
(E) [ T/F ]
(F) [ T/F ]

Track 15
Nghe các câu miêu tả về bức hình dưới đây, nếu có nội dung phù hợp với hình chọn T; nếu
ngược lại chọn F.
(A) [ T/F ]
(B) [ T/F ]
(C) [ T/F ]
(D) [ T/F ]
(E) [ T/F ]
(F) [ T/F ]

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Track 16
Chọn câu đúng qua lời miêu tả về các bức tranh dưới đây, lắng nghe và điền vào chỗ trống.
1. 2.

A□ B□ C□ D□ A□ B□ C□ D□
(A) Food is ………………………. (A) The window is ……………….
(B) There is ……………………… (B) The rug is …………………….
(C) The cake is …………………... (C) There is ………………………
(D) The dishes are ……………….. (D) The coffee cups have ………...

3. 4.

A□ B□ C□ D□ A□ B□ C□ D□
(A) People are ………………………. (A) Some people are …………….
(B) There is …………………………. (B) The suit is ……………………
(C) Some people are ………………… (C) The lights are ………………...
(D) The cars are ……………………... (D) The clerk is …………………..

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Track 17
Nghe các câu miêu tả về bức hình dưới đây, nếu có nội dung phù hợp với hình chọn T; nếu
ngược lại chọn F.
(A) [ T/F ]
(B) [ T/F ]
(C) [ T/F ]
(D) [ T/F ]
(E) [ T/F ]
(F) [ T/F ]

Track 18
Nghe các câu miêu tả về bức hình dưới đây, nếu có nội dung phù hợp với hình chọn T; nếu
ngược lại chọn F.
(A) [ T/F ]
(B) [ T/F ]
(C) [ T/F ]
(D) [ T/F ]
(E) [ T/F ]
(F) [ T/F ]

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Track 19
Chọn câu đúng qua lời miêu tả về các bức tranh dưới đây, lắng nghe và điền vào chỗ trống.
1. 2.

A□ B□ C□ D□ A□ B□ C□ D□
(A) Some people are …………….. (A) The trees ……………………..
(B) The mountain is ……………... (B) The buildings are……………..
(C) The trees are ………………… (C) The buildings are……………..
(D) There are ……………………. (D) There are …………………….

3. 4.

A□ B□ C□ D□ A□ B□ C□ D□
(A) Most of the trees are ……………. (A) There are ……………………
(B) The area is ………………………. (B) The water is …………………
(C) The road ………………………… (C) People are …………………...
(D) There are ………………………... (D) People are …………………

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Track 20
1. 2.

3. 4.

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 5. 6.

7. 8.

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Track 21
1. 2.

3. 4.

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 5. 6.

7. 8.

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Track 22

PRACTICE TEST
LISTENING TEST

In the Listening test, you will be asked to demonstrate how well you understand spoken
English. The entire Listening test will last approximately 45 minutes. There are four parts, and
directions are given for each part. You must mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
Do not write your answers in your test book.

PART 1
Directions: For each question in this part, you will hear four statements about a picture in
your test book. When you hear the statements, you must select the one statement that best
describes what you see in the picture. Then find the number of the question on your answer
sheet and mark your answer. The statements will not be printed in your test book and will be
spoken only one time.

Example:

Statement (C), “They’re standing near the table” is the best description of the picture, so you
should select answer (C) and mark it on your answer sheet.

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1.

2.

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3.

4.

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5.

6.

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7.

8.

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9.

10.

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Track 23

PRACTICE TEST
LISTENING TEST

In the Listening test, you will be asked to demonstrate how well you understand spoken
English. The entire Listening test will last approximately 45 minutes. There are four parts, and
directions are given for each part. You must mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
Do not write your answers in your test book.

PART 1
Directions: For each question in this part, you will hear four statements about a picture in
your test book. When you hear the statements, you must select the one statement that best
describes what you see in the picture. Then find the number of the question on your answer
sheet and mark your answer. The statements will not be printed in your test book and will be
spoken only one time.
Example

Statement (C), “They’re standing near the table” is the best description of the picture, so you
should select answer (C) and mark it on your answer sheet.
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1.

2.

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3.

4.

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5.

6.

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7.

8.

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9.

10.

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Hàng nghìn bài luyện tập online có tại www.OnThiTOEIC.vn - 04 3513 4124 276
ACTUAL TEST

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Hàng nghìn bài luyện tập online có tại www.OnThiTOEIC.vn - 04 3513 4124 280
 - PART 2 -

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I. Giới thiệu chung
- Tên gọi: Question – Response (Câu hỏi – Phản hồi)
- Gồm 25 câu hỏi (từ câu 7 đến câu 31)
- Với mỗi câu thí sinh sẽ nghe 1 câu hỏi/ câu kể và 3 câu trả lời. Thí sinh phải chọn câu trả
lời đúng nhất tương ứng với câu hỏi và tô vào phiếu trả lời.

II. Dạng câu hỏi

- Wh-questions: câu hỏi tìm thông tin (Who, Whose,…)
- Yes/No questions: câu hỏi nghi vấn
- Negative questions: câu hỏi phủ định
- Tag questions: câu hỏi đuôi (láy)
- Choice questions: câu hỏi lựa chọn
- Indirect questions: câu hỏi gián tiếp
- Statements: câu trần thuật

III. Chiến thuật làm bài

- Xác định chính xác phần đầu câu hỏi
- Luyện khả năng tìm từ khóa trong câu hỏi
- Liên hệ từ khóa với các câu trả lời có sẵn, từ đó tìm ra đáp án đúng

IV. Bẫy thường gặp

- Các đáp án bắt đầu bằng Yes/No với dạng câu hỏi Wh-questions -> đáp án sai
- Câu hỏi có chủ ngữ là I, You, We, They mà chủ ngữ trong đáp án lại là He hoặc She -
> đáp án sai
- Câu hỏi không đề cập đến ngôi thứ 3 số ít chỉ người mà trong đáp án có nói đến -> đáp
án sai
- Các đáp án chứa các từ giống câu hỏi hoặc tương tự về âm với các từ trong câu hỏi ->
thường là đáp án sai
- Các đáp án chứa từ liên quan về ngữ nghĩa với từ trong câu hỏi nhưng không phù hợp
với bối cảnh -> đáp án sai
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 V. Thực hành tránh bẫy
Track 24

Task 1:
1. (A) (B) (C) 4. (A) (B) (C)
2. (A) (B) (C) 5. (A) (B) (C)
3. (A) (B) (C) 6. (A) (B) (C)

Track 25

Task 2:
1. (A) (B) (C) 4. (A) (B) (C)
2. (A) (B) (C) 5. (A) (B) (C)
3. (A) (B) (C)

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Unit 01: Where – Questions
♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 26.mp3
□ Where should I put this report?
 (1)_____________________.
□ Where can I claim my luggage?
 Just take the stairs (2) _________________.
□ Where will the convention be held?
 (3) __________________.
□ Where is the manager?
 (4) __________________.

♫ Give it and try 27.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary
(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ circulation desk
stadium
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the
missing words.
Q. Where is ________________________ being built?
(A) In about _________________________________.
(B) You can check it out _______________________.
(C) Right ____________________________________.

2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ outdated
downtown
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the
tragile
missing words.
Q. Where did you get _______________________?
(A) No, it’s an _____________________________.
(B) In a __________________________ downtown.
(C) Be careful, _____________________________.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again 28.mp3
* Where is the nearest florist? * Where should I store these boxes?
 On the Fifth Street.  Please stack them over here.
* Where can I deposit my bags? * Where is my calculator?
 At the front desk.  I found it in the conference room.
* Where did you go for your vacation? * Where is the sports shoes section?
 To Miami.  It’s around the corner, next to the toy
* Where did you learn to speak Spanish? section.
 My mother is from Madrid. * Can you tell me where I can find a jewelry
* Where should I have this pizza order shop around here?
delivered?  You can find one cross the street.
 The salesroom, please. * Could you tell me where the Marketing
* Where is the disc Ms. Perez wanted? Department is?
 Look in Mr. Glennon’s drawer.  On the second floor next to the restroom.
* Where can I try on this shirt? * Can you let me know where the new
 You can use the fitting room. restaurant is?
 It’s on the third floor.

♫ Check-up Test 29.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 6. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 7. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
3. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 8. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
4. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 9. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
5. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 10. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)

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Unit 02: When-Questions
♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 30.mp3
□ When will the competition winners be announced?
 (1) ______________________.
□ When is your appointment with the dentist?
 (2) ______________________.
□ When will the construction finish?
 (3) ______________________.
□ When did you leave your last job?
 (4) ______________________.

♫ Give it and try 31.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary
(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ appointment
platic surgery
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in
the missing words.
Q. When is _______________________________?
(A) ______________________________________.
(B) Yes, it was _____________________________.
(C) It’s ___________________________________.

2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ bill
due
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in
spare
the missing words.
Q. When is _______________________________?
(A) Here’s _____________________________.
(B) Do you _____________________________.
(C) By the ______________________________.

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♫ Listen and Listen again 32.mp3
* When did your boss accept your cost * When does the event finish?  At 5
reduction proposal? o’clock.
 Two days ago. * When do you expect the inspector to arrive?
* When is the seminar supposed to begin?  She’s scheduled to be here at 7.
 In about an hour. *When do you think the final version will be
* When did you met with Mr. Wilson? published?
 I guess it was late last month.  Early next month.
* When are you taking a vacation this year? * When will you know if you got the job?
 I have not decided yet.  Not until the end of the month.
* When did you drop by the department store? * When did you go on your last vacation?
 Earlier this morning.  Three years ago, and I’m ready to go again.
* When will Gloria be available for * When did you get here?
consultation?  At two sharp.
 Tomorrow morning. * When will you be checking your bags?
 When my husband arrives.
* When does the warranty on this camera expire?
 Six months from now.

♫ Check-up Test 33.mp3

1.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 6.Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
2.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 7.Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
3.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 8.Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
4.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 9.Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
5.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 10. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)

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Unit 03: Who-Questions
♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 34.mp3
□ Who contacted the customer?
 That (1) ____________________. Why?
□ Who is the women next to the president?
 She is (2) _____________________.
□Who (3) ____________________?
 Brian Chen.
□ Who called while I was out of the office?
 (4) ____________several time.

♫ Give it try 35.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ speaker
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in as long as
the missing words.
Q. Who is _______________________________?
(A) Mr.Reynolds.
(B) As long as _____________________________.
(C) It ___________________________________.

2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ dental record
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in general checkup
the missing words.
Q. Who wanted __________________________?
(A) Yes, she’s_____________________________.
(B) One of_____________________________.
(C) For ______________________________.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again 36.mp3
* Who is in charge of the Sales Department?
 Mr. David Moore.
* Who called while I was out?
 Cathy, your secretary.
* Who manufactured this product?
 BTL, a computer company.
* Who will take this project?
 I’ll take it.
* Who is responsible for the project?
 The new manager is in charge.
* Who’s responsible for preparing this report?
 That’s one of my duties.
* Who brought in this tasty rice dish?
 I guess a student made it.
* Who will be joining us for lunch today?
 One of my colleagues from the office.
* Who will be taking over the graveyard shift tonight?
 I think Peter is supposed to come in.
* Who will be selected to be in charge of the marketing department?
 The current accounting manager will oversee it until further notice.
* Who’s taking your place while you’re on holiday?
 Thomas promised he could.
* Whose turn is it?
 Yours, I think.
* Whose camera is that in the meeting room?
 It belongs to Francis.
* Whose desk is next to yours?
 John’s.

♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 37.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 6. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 7. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
3. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 8. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
4. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 9. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
5. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 10. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)

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Unit 04: How-Questions
♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 38.mp3
□ How much sugar do you need?
 Just (1) _________________.
□ How (2) _____________last year?
 Twenty-five.
□ How (3) ____________ here?
 Twice every year.
□ How long have you been in Japan?
 (4) _______________.

♫ Give it try 39.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ envelope
stationery store
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in
the missing words.
Q. How _______________________________?
(A) _______________________________each.
(B) I read ______________________________.
(C) In the ______________________________.

2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ In cash
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in
the missing words.
Q. How are you going to _____________________?
(A) ______________________________________.
(B) _______________________________________.
(C) No, you ____________________________ that.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again 40.mp3
* How many people have come?
 About a hunderd.
* How much milk do you need?
 Two cartons, please.
* How much should I pay for the order?
 One hunderd and twenty dollars.
* How did you come here?
 By train.
* How are you going to pay for this?
 In cash.
* How do I open a savings account?
 Please fill out this form.
* How long has the company been in business?
 It was established in 1993.
* How many employees are you planning to hire this year?
 We haven’t decided yet.
* How can I close my account?
 Just fill this out, and bring it back.
* How did the board work out the problem?
 They took a vote.
* How was your trip to Thailand?
 I had the greatest time in my life.
* How did you learn to speak German like that?
 I spent my childhood in Berlin.
* How do you like the new copy machine?
 It’s much faster than the last one.
♫ Check-up Test 41.mp3
1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 6. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 7. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
3. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 8. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
4. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 9. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
5. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 10. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)

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Unit 05: What-Questions
♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 42.mp3
□ What kind[type, sort] of lodging do you need?
 Something (1) _________________.
□ What do you think of Michael’s suggestion?
 It’ll (2)___________________.
□ What should I do to check out these books?
 (3) ________________ over there.
□ What time does the concert start?
 (4) ___________________.

♫ Give it try 43.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary
(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ position
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the convenience store
missing words.
Q. What’s_____________________ in the company?
(A) It’s right __________________________ store.
(B) He’s___________________________________.
(C) No, he is not in __________________________.

2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ box office
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the
missing words.
Q. What is ______________________________?
(A) It’s _________________________________.
(B) At__________________________________.
(C) It was _______________________________.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again 44.mp3
* What are the main industries in China?
 Tourism and manufacturing.
* What time is the show supposed to begin?
 It will start at eight o’clock.
* What is the deadline on the Blair proposal?
 A month from now.
* What do we keep in the cabinet?
 It’s for a past client files.
* What happened to your shirt?
 I fell to the ground this morning.
* What is the new boss like?
 I think he’s very strict.
* What do you think of my new scarf?
 It looks nice on you
* What made you so angry?
 He cheated on me again.
* What should I do about the damage to the product?
 Call the service center.
* What’s going on in the boardroom?
 Nothing.
* What do you want to have for lunch?
 I think I’d like curry today.
* Do you know what Stacey’s going to talk about at Stanley’s retirement party?
 She’ll talk about the things she’s done for the company.

♫ Check-up Test 45.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 6. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 7. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
3. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 8. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
4. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 9. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
5. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 10. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)

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Unit 06: Why–Questions
♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 46.mp3
□ Why is she coming in today?
 (1) ____________________ her paycheck.
□ Why were you late today?
 The (2)___________________.
□ Why isn’t the photocopier working?
 It’s (3) ________________ .
□ Why did you buy those glasses?
 Because (4) ___________________.

♫ Give it try 47.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary
(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ decline
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the resign
missing words. accept
Q. Why did he__________________________?
(A) He __________________________ at another company.
(B) __________________________________ will be accepted
(C) Thanks, but __________________________.

2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ work
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the repair shop
missing words.
Q. Why ____________________________ working?
(A) At ____________________________________.
(B) The batteries____________________________.
(C) Yes, he ________________________________.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again 48.mp3
* Why did you cancel the appointment with Mr.Kim?
 I had an emergency at my office.
* Why didn’t the computer work yesterday?
 The power was out.
* Why was your flight delayed?
 There was some engine trouble.
* Why did you miss the train?
 My alarm clock didn’t go off.
* Why are you looking so tired?
 I stayed up late to finish my work.
* Why is it so cold today?
 The heater is out of order.
* Why is the street packed with so many cars?
 It’s always like this during rush hour.
* Why didn’t you tell him about cancelation earlier?
 I just learned about it myself.
* Could you tell me why all these computer terminals are turned off?
 The technicians are installing new hardware.
* Why haven’t you completed the lobby blueprints yet?
 We plan to finish by tomorrow.
* Why did you make the appointment?
 My tooth is hurting.
* Why did you get the brewed coffee?
 I prefer this to instant.
* Did they ever say why the delivery was late?
 It was due to bad weather.

♫ Check-up Test 49.mp3

1.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 6. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
2.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 7. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
3.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 8. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
4.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 9. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
5.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 10. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)

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Unit 07: Questions with Be/ Have/ Do
♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 50.mp3
□ Have the supervisor approved your vacation?
 No, she is(1) ____________________.
□ Do you have any copies of the revised schedule?
 There is (2)___________________.
□ Did you (3) __________________?
 Yes, I did.
□ Is the tax included in this bill?
 Yes, that’s (4) ___________________.

♫ Give it try 51.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary
(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ at least
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the
missing words.
Q. Did you have__________________________?
(A) _____________________________ a week.
(B) Yes, ________________________________.
(C) At least _____________________________.

2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ excutive director
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the cafeteria
missing words.
Q. Has he _______________________ with the Excutive Director?
(A) In____________________________________.
(B) It was_________________________________.
(C) Yes, __________________________________.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again 52.mp3
* Should we turn left over there?
 No, go straight.
* Do you carry men’s wear?
 Yes, you can find it at the corner.
* Do you think the interest rates will go up again?
 I just hope they won’t.
* Have you seen my train ticket?
 It’s on your desk.
* Did you order the folders I asked for?
 Yes, I did that.
* Is this ladder strong enough to support me?
 Yes, but you will need to be carefull.
* Could I possibly pick up my winter coat by tomorrow?
 I’ll have it ready by tomorrow.
* Have you seen the document that was sitting on the cabinet?
 Yes, I filed in the cabinet.
* Am I doing something wrong?
 No, you’re doing fine.
* Have you reviewed the applications for the job opening?
 Yes, some of them were impressive.
* Has Mr.Winters figured out why the payment was marked late?
 No, he’s still investigating it.
* Can you take back this video for me?
 It’ll return it on Monday.
* Have we got the invoice for that work done by the translation firm yet?
 We received that quite a while ago, actually.

♫ Check-up Test 53.mp3

1.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 6.Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
2.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 7.Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
3.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 8.Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
4.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 9.Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
5.Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 10. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
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Unit 08: Requests and Suggestions
♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 54.mp3
□ Why don’t we take a rest for a while?
 (1) ______________________.
□ Can I give you a hand with the table?
 No, thanks. (2)___________________.
□ Let’s go to the meeting together.
 I’m sorry, but (3) _________________.
□ Would you like to go to the movies with me today?
 Sure, (4) ___________________.

♫ Give it try 55.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary
(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ go to the movies
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the scary
missing words.
Q. Would you like__________________________ tonight?
(A) I _____________________________________ before.
(B) I dn’t like ____________________________________.
(C) That ________________________________________.

2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ stack
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the move
missing words.
Q. Can you _______________________ these boxes?
(A) Sure, I’ll ________________________________.
(B) They __________________________ over there.
(C) We are _________________________ next week.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again 56.mp3
* Would you mind if I open the window?
 No, not at all.
* Could you help me carry these boxes?
 Sure, I’d be happy to.
* Would you mind if I use your car?
 No, but my car in the garage.
* Can I help with your luggage?
 Yes, please.
* Can I use your calculator?
 Sure, take it.
* How about telling him honestly?
 I don’t think that’s a good idea.
* Can you e-mail the client for me?
 I’d be glad to.
* Would you mind turning the volume up?
 Of course not.
* Can I help you with this machine?
 That would be great. Thank you.
* Do you want me to help you with the boxes?
 No, I can manage. Thanks.

♫ Check-up Test 57.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer 6. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
2. Mark your answer on your answer 7. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
3. Mark your answer on your answer 8. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
4. Mark your answer on your answer 9. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
5. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 10. Mark your answer on your answer
(A) (B) (C) sheet.
(A) (B) (C)

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Unit 09: Preference Questions
♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 58.mp3
□ Should we meet for lunch today or tomorrow?
 (1) ______________________.
□ Do you want to go to the mall Saturday or Sunday?
 (2)______________________.
□ Are there things still left to do, or can I leave for the day?
 Yes, (3) _________________. Everything’s done.
□ Are you interested in buying a new car, or a renting one?
 I’d like to (4) ___________________.

♫ Give it try 59.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ client
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the page
missing words. handle
Q. Do you want me to meet the client______________________?
(A) _____________________________________ her.
(B) Yes, I can ________________________________.
(C) How ____________________________________.

2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ aisle
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the
missing words.
Q. Would you prefer ______________________________?
(A) Yes, that ________________________________.
(B) It _________________________________ to me.
(C) The seat was _____________________________.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again 60.mp3
* Would you be interested in a desktop or laptop computer?
 I want a portable one.
* Can you do it, or do you want me to do it?
 Yes, I can manage.
* Should we hire new employees for the Marketing Department or the Shipping Department?
 I think the Marketing Department is severely shorthanded.
* Will we depart for the concert hall early in the morning, or in the afternoon?
 We’ll leave right after lunch.
* Would you like to book a morning flight or an afternoon one?
 I want to get an early start.
* Did sales rise or fall last quarter?
 They rose.
* Shall we make the changes today or tomorrow?
 We should do it immediately.
* Is the job fair either today or tomorrow?
 I think it’s this Friday.
* Should we take a taxi or the subway to the airport?
 It’s wiser to use public transportation at this time of the day.
* Would you be interested in working indoors or outdoors?
 Well, I prefer working outside.
* Are you going to go over the report now or later?
 I’m going to get to it sometime this afternoon.
* Can you do the work yourself, or should I give you a hand?
 I may need your help.

♫ Check-up Test 61.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer 5. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
2. Mark your answer on your answer 6. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
3. Mark your answer on your answer 7. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
4. Mark your answer on your answer 8. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)

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Unit 10: Tag Questions/ Negative Questions
♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 62.mp3
□ Mr.Rodriguez is (1)___________________, isn’t he?
 Yes, he is.
□ Don’t you want to work at the Paris office?
 Yes, I’ve (2)______________________.
□ Don’t you really find (3) _________________.?
 No, not really.
□ We have decided to (4) ___________________ this year, haven’t we?
 Yes, but not until the end of the year.

♫ Give it try 63.mp3

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ film
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the develop
missing words.
Q. That was a ______________________, wasn’t it?
(A) Yes, it is________________________________.
(B) We should ________________________ as possible.
(C) I’d ____________________________________ it.

2. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Vocabulary

(A) □ (B) □ (C) □ complete
Dictation Listen to the question and the answer choices and write in the
missing words.
Q. Didn’t the design team ___________________________ yet?
(A) Yes, I need ________________________________ it.
(B) I _______________________________________ did.
(C) No, the _____________________________________.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again 64.mp3
* You do like to watch sports on TV, don’t you?
 (No,) Just so-so.
* This is treated water, isn’t it?
 Don’t worry. It’s okay.
* You’re going to the annual conference tomorrow, aren’t you?
 Yes, but I’ll be an hour late.
* You’re not walking to your house in this rain, are you?
 Don’t worry. I bought my umbrella
* You sell books on information technology, don’t you?
 Sure. Check the engineering section to your left.
* Aren’t you happy about the increasing student enrollment numbers?
 Yes, the figures are much higher lately.
* Didn’t you attend the central office’s training course?
 Yes, but that was years ago.
* Shouldn’t we take a break?
 Yes, that would be nice.
* Aren’t they planning or building a new clinic around here?
 Yes, right across the road, actually.
* Didn’t you have plans to take a leave of absence next week?
 I decided to postpone them.
* Isn’t the job fair today?
 No, I think it’s this Thursday.
*Don’t you have to review this leave before you sign?
Yes, you’re right.
♫ Check-up Test 65.mp3
1. Mark your answer on your answer 6. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
2. Mark your answer on your answer 7. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
3. Mark your answer on your answer 8. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
4. Mark your answer on your answer 9. Mark your answer on your answer
sheet. sheet.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
5. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 10. Mark your answer on your answer
(A) (B) (C) sheet.
(A) (B) (C)

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ACTUAL TEST

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 - PART 3 -

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 I. Giới thiệu chung
- Tên gọi: Short Conversation – Các đoạn hội thoại ngắn
- Gồm 39 câu hỏi (từ câu 32 đến 70), dựa trên 13 đoạn hội thoại tương ứng với 3
câu hỏi cho 1 đoạn hội thoại
- Sau mỗi đoạn hội thoại, có 3 câu hỏi được đọc cho thí sinh, các câu hỏi đều
được in trong đề thi.

II. Dạng câu hỏi: 2 dạng chính

- Câu hỏi chứa nội dung trong bài:
+ Overview Question (Topic/Main idea): vị trí, nghề nghiệp, hành động
+ Detail Question: thời gian, nguyên nhân, kế hoạch, quan điểm,…
- Câu hỏi suy luận: Inference Question: bối cảnh, cảm xúc…

III. Cấu trúc thường gặp của đoạn hội thoại:

- Đoạn hội thoại không phải là hội thoại “thật” lấy từ thực tế, đa số có cấu trúc cụ
thể như sau:
o 1 người nói chính sẽ đề cập đến chủ đề thảo luận
o Người nói còn lại sẽ “hướng” người nói chính để giải thích them và/hoặc
đưa ra giải pháp.
o Câu hỏi thường sắp xếp theo thứ tự đầu-cuối theo đoạn hội thoại (trừ câu hỏi
suy luận)
- Các cấu trúc khác:
o Vấn đề chung của 2 người nói (chủ ngữ có thể là we)
o 2 người nói cùng đưa ra ý tưởng để giải quyết vấn đề hoặc cùng bày toe
quan điểm về 1 chủ đề.

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 IV. Chiến thuật làm bài:
- Đọc trước câu hỏi và các đáp án, tập trung xem xét câu hỏi, nắm vững từ then
chốt (key words) trong câu hỏi.
- Vừa nghe vừa giải quyết câu hỏi
- Nắm rõ thứ tự câu hỏi, thường thì các câu hỏi được đặt theo thứ tự nội dung bài
hội thoại
- Chú ý phần thông tin sau các từ/cụm từ nối như but, however, actually…

V. Bẫy thường gặp:

- Sử dụng từ có nhiều nghĩa
- Đáp án chỉ đúng 1 phần hoặc phần lớn nhưng sai 1 từ hoặc 1 ý
- Đáp án có từ đồng nghĩa hoặc gần nghĩa với 1 từ hoặc chi tiết trong hội thoại

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Unit 01: Essential Types of Questions
Trường hợp hỏi chủ đề

What are they discussing?

What are the speakers discussing?

What are they talking about?

What are the speakers talking about?

What is being discussed?

What is the topic of this conversation?

Trường hợp hỏi thông tin chi tiết

What is the problem?

What’s wrong with the report?

What is the man doing?

What is the man worried about?

What is the man looking for?

What is the man hoping to get?

What did the man do?

What did the man win?

What will happen to the contract next?

What will the man probably do next?

What information does the man provide?

What department is sending out the annual report?

Trường hợp hỏi việc đang làm và sẽ làm

What does the man do?

What is the man doing?

What is the man going to do next?

What will the man probably do?

What should the man do?

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Trường hợp hỏi về nghề nghiệp

What is his job?

What is his occupation?

What is his profession?

What does he do for a living?

What line of work is he in?

What business are the speakers in?

Who is the man?

Trường hợp hỏi về cách thức, phương pháp

How is the man feeling?

How does the man usually get to work?

How was the shipment sent?

How will the man help the woman?

How will the man contact the flower shop?

How will the man get to the lectur

How will the man let Carol know about his plans?

How should the man obtain the supplies?

How many cakes did the man order?

How much does the man want to pay?

How long has the company existed?

How soon will the next bus come?

Trường hợp hỏi về lý do

Why is the man upset?

Why is the man worried?

Why is the man calling?

Why is the man going to the camera store?

Why are the speakers surprised?

Why does the man want to speak with the manager?

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Why was the woman unaware of the cancellation?

Why did the man call?

Why did the man rearrange the tables?

Trường hợp hỏi về đối tượng

Who is the man?

Who most likely is Jim?

Who most likely are the speakers?

Who is the man speaking to?

Who will the man probably talk to?

Who is waiting to talk to the man?

Who is allowed to use the conference room?
Who most likely are taking the class?
Who has the key to the laboratory?
Who must approve the request for a password?
Trường hợp hỏi về ý định của người nói
Why does the woman/ the man say, “Sorry, but it’s against the rules”
Why does the woman say, “Are you absolutely positive”?

Trường hợp hỏi về thông tin trong bảng biểu

Look at the graphic. How much is the man dish alone?

Look at the graphic. When will the man most likely speak at?
Look at the graphic. What part of the renovation will begin?

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer

Question 59-61 refer to the following conversation 99.mp3 Vocabulary

59. Where most likely is the man? Fingerprint scanner
Change
(A) At an apartment
Security settings
(B) In a photo studio Verify
(C) By an office door Identity
Clients
(D) At a store
Against the rules
60. What information does the woman ask for? Recheck
(A) An extension. Written warning
(B) A surname.
(C) An employee ID.
(D) A job title.
61. Why does the woman say, “Sorry, but it’s against the rules”
(A) To avoid a difficult situation.
(B) To change the company’s regulations.
(C) To apologize for a mistake.
(D) To deny the man’s demand.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing

words.
M Hello. This is John. The fingerprint scanner in front of my office
(1)…..
W We change the security settings on all doors. Please give me
your (2)……so that I can make sure you’re an employee. Once I
have that, I need you to look at the camera above the door so that I
can verify your identity.
M I have a meeting with some (3)….in a minute. Could you just let
me in this time?
W Sorry, but it’s against the rules. We need to recheck all (4)…...
If I don’t do it, I’ll receive a written warning. I’ll do it really
quickly.

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 Question 10 ~ 12 refer to the following conversation and Vocabulary
program 108.mp3 Take over
10. What does the woman ask the man to do? Prototype
(A) Take over a presentation. Questions and
(B) Hire an additional engineer. answers
(C) Ask questions during the session.
Session
(D) Visit the hospital.
Unexpected
11. Why is the man surprised?
(A) The woman looked disappointed. Prepare
(B) The woman’s request was informed in short notice. Ago
(C) He hasn’t been feeling well. Sudden change
(D) He doesn’t have details about the project. According to
12. Look at the graphic. When will the man most likely speak
Flu
at?
Main
(A) 9:00 Program Schedule Time
Engineer
(B) 9:15
Introduction of the Prototype 9:00-9:15
(C) 9:45 Project
(D) 10:00 Development Process of the 9:15-9:45 Let down
Prototype
Introduction
Demonstration 9:45-10:00
Development
Q&A Session 10:00- Process
10:30
Demonstration

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing

words.
W Hello Simon. Can I ask you to (1)….my place at tomorrow’s
presentation? You just have to answer questions about the
prototype during the (2)…….session.
M Well…This is really unexpected. Haven’t you prepared for this
a month ago? Why is there a(3)…..?
W I haven’t been feeling well, so I went to the doctor. And they
said I have serious flu. I was told to(4)…….
M I’m sorry to hear that. Don’t worry then, I’ll take over your
Questions and Answers session.
W Thank you? You’ll do great, since you were the (5)…..on this
project.
M No problem. I won’t let you down.

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 100.mp3

59. What will the woman add to the order? 62. What is the conversation mainly
(A) Overhead projectors about?
(B) Computer software (A) A change in marketing strategies
(C) Video equipment (B) A merger between two competing
(D) Tables and chairs divisions
(C) The construction of a new office
60. Why does the woman say, “The line was
building.
busy when I called”?
(D) The financial problems of a company.
(A) To explain that a reservation has been 63. Why does the woman say,” I almost
made couldn’t believe my eyes”?
(B) To clarify why she could not contact (A) She was surprisingly impressed.
Aberdeen (B) She has trouble seeing.
(C) To suggest another company to rent the (C) She wants written confirmation.
equipment from (D) She is upset with a colleague.
(D) To tell the man why an order was 64. What do the men imply about the
cancelled. company?
61. What will the woman most likely do (A) It is losing some employees.
next? (B) It is earning a lot of money.
(A) Record a meeting (C) It is developing new products.
(B) Call a business complex (D) It is expanding its market.
(C) View an instructional video
(D) Bring some devices

109. mp3

65. What most likely is the man’s Timetable

profession?
Part 1 Remove old concrete paving
(A) Civil engineer
Part 2 Make a water fountain
(B) Florist
(C) Interior decorator Part 3 Dig garden beds
(D) Landscape gardener Plant flowers
Part 4

66. Look at the graphic. What part of the

renovation will begin?
(A) Part 1
(B) Part 2
(C) Part 3
(D) Part 4

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67. What does the man ask the woman to send?
(A) A flower sample
(B) A work order
(C) An invoice
(D) Some photographs
_____________________________________
68. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
(A) A company takeover
(B) A profit report
(C) An industry conference
(D) A hiking trail

69. Look at the graphic. Where do the

speakers work?
(A) Hike and Bike
(B) Outdoor Goods, Inc.
(C) Mountaineering Co.
(D) Tents’n Things

70. Why does the man say he is not

convinced
(A) The man thinks that a company is too
small
(B) A company’s products have declined in
popularity
(C) He does not want to manage new workers
(D) His company has bought too many new
businesses recently.

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 110. mp3
65. What is the man’s problem?
(A) He has not received extra payment for transportation
(B) He needs a phone number for Human Resources.
(C) He cannot use his ID card for a different office
(D) He cannot remember a password for a computer system.

66. What department does the woman work

in?
(A) Computer Management
(B) Product Distribution
(C) Customer Service
(D) Human Resources.

67. Look at the graphic. What location is the

man told to go to?
(A) Room 1
(B) Room 2
(C) Room 3
(D) Room 4

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68. Who most likely is the man?
(A) An interviewer
(B) A repair technician
(C) A front desk clerk
(D) A painter

69. Look at the graphic. Where most likely will DIRECTORY

the woman have an interview? Suite #
(A) At a doctor’s clinic 401 Dr. Young’s clinic
(B) At a marketing company 402 Reed and Ken Marketing
(C) At an architecture film 403 R&J Architecture
(D) At an attorney’s office 405 FOR RENT
406 Carson’s Law Office
70. What will the man probably do next?
(A) Relocate a ladder
(B) Sign his name
(C) Repaint a wall
(D) Use a stairway

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Unit 02: Conversations between three people
♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer

Question 6 refers to the following conversation with three Vocabulary

speakers 101.mp3 Laundry

What do the women imply about the business? Insert

Properly
(A) It gets many customers.
Out-of-order design
(B) It has recently relocated.
Get…back
(C) It closes early on weekends.
Inconvenience
(D) It will be starting a sale soon.
No wonder

Dictation Listen to the conversation again and write down the

missing words.
W1 Excuse me. Do you work here?
M Yes. What can I do for you?
W1 My roommate and I are trying to use this(1)….., but there’s
something wrong with it.
W2 Yeah, we put our laundry in, inserted the coins, and pressed the
start button, but it’s (2)……..
M Oh, the door on that machine doesn’t close properly sometimes.
I’ll put an (3)…….on it.
W1 Okay, we’ll try a different one then. But we’d like to get our
money back first.
M Of course. Sorry for the inconvenience.
W2 By the way, this place seems to be (4)……McHale University
students all the time.
M That’s because we have the lowest prices in the area.
W1 No wonder it’s (5)……in here.

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Question 1~ 3 refer to the following conversation with three Vocabulary
speakers 102.mp3 Look for

1. Why is Dr. Francis unavailable? Appointment

(A) He is currently on a business trip. Currently

(B) He has called in sick. Out of town

(C) He has moved offices. Participate

(D) He is preoccupied with another patient. Conference

2. What is implied about the conference Dr. Francis is attending? Unfortunately

(A) He did not tell the man and the woman ahead of time about the Expect

conference. Reschedule

(B) He received the invitation unexpectedly. Exactly

(C) The conference has not ended according to schedule. Sincere

(D) The conference is held nearby. Apology

3. When will the woman meet Dr. Francis? Inconvenience

(A) This evening Earliest

(B) Tomorrow morning. Available

(C) Tomorrow evening. Slot

(D) Wednesday morning. Arrival

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing

words.
W1 Hello, I’m looking for Dr. Francis. I have (1)…..him today at 3
P.M. My name is Molly Walters.
M I’m sorry, but D. Francis is currently (2)…... He’s participating in
a conference.
W2 Unfortunately, the conference is taking longer than we expected
it to be.
M Can we help you with (3)…. your appointment?
W1 I understand. Well, when exactly will he be coming back?
M He will be returning tomorrow morning.
W2 Our sincerest apologies for causing (4)…... The earliest available
slot for an appointment is the day after of his arrival, on Wednesday.
Does that work for you?
W1 Sure, I can make it to that one.

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress

103.mp3 104.mp3
16. What is implied about the speakers? 16. What are the speakers talking about?
(A) They will be interviewed this week. (A) The man’s work ethic
(B) They work in the Human Resources (B) An update of the company network
department. (C) An upcoming company event
(C) They want to work at Nito Technology. (D) The newly introduced program
(D) They have been working late for the
past few days. 17. What does the man say about the 3DX
program?
17. What is suggested of Nito (A) He is capable of operating it
Technology? (B) He will be giving a lecture on how to
(A) They signed a contract. use it.
(B) They launched a new product. (C) He has published a book about it.
(C) They are under budget. (D) He is using it to write a report.
(D) They are understaffed.
18. What does the man mean when he
18. What will the speakers probably do says, “that’s more like it”
next? (A) He will not attend the seminar
(A) They will be working overtime (B) He will write an e-mail to the instructor.
(B) They will post an online job opening. (C) He will ask for an extension on his
(C) They will go to the Human Resources report.
office (D) He will discuss the matter with his
(D) They will practice for their interviews. supervisor.

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 105.mp3 106.mp3
16. What is the man’s initial reason to 16. What is the main topic of the
visit the store? conversation?
(A) To fix his present projector (A) Tips on how to drive when it’s snowing
(B) To return his projector for a different (B) Options for how to spend the weekend
one (C) Locations of where to ski
(C) To purchase a new laptop (D) Preference of what to work on
(D) To check the new projectors
17. What is suggested of the woman?
17. What is suggested of the man? (A) She will be spending the weekend at her
(A) He will come back to the store with his house
old projector. (B) She is going to Xinine Mountains to ski
(B) He will return his laptop for a coupon. (C) She has extra work that needs to be
(C) He will fill in a form to repair his laptop finished during the weekend.
(D) He will receive a discount on his new (D) She is experienced in driving under
projector. harsh conditions.

18. What is required to participate in the 18. What is implied of the speakers?
sale event? (A) They will be working during the
(A) A membership weekend.
(B) A proof of purchase (B) They plan to all stay home.
(C) An item to return (C) They work at the same company.
(D) A questionnaire (D) They are going to the same ski resort.

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Unit 03: General Business
Basic Words and Phrases

 make a copy of  go on a business trip

 get a raise  building clean-up day
 be ready by tomorrow  review a budget report
 get office supplies  have – finished
 take medical leave  send an avoice to ~
 type a memo up and fax it to ~
 have a paper jam

♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 66.mp3

□ Bradley, did you (1) __________________ for the annual meeting?

□ I’m (2) ___________________ tomorrow and won’t be back until Friday. Can you do
something for me while I’m away?
□ Jeffrey told me that Micheal (3) _________________ this month.
□ Do you have some time to (4) ___________________ with me?
□ I think the fax machine (5) ___________________ .
□ We have been (6) ___________________ from them for years.
□ He (7) ________________. He has some serious health problems.
□ Could you (8) ___________________ all department heads?

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♫ Give it try 67.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary

1. Where do they most likely work? bookstore
(A) At the city park. take on a role
(B) At a bookstore. be related to
(C) At a newspaper company. take a rest[break]
(D) At a telephone company.

2. Why is Mr.Smith being mentioned by the woman?

(A) He will be leaving the team soon.
(B) He is going to take on a new role.
(C) He is related to the woman.
(D) He is taking too many breaks.

3. Where did Ron and Mary go?

(A) To the city park.
(B) To take a rest.
(C) To work on a story.
(D) To have lunch.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. edit
W: Have you (1) ____________________ the city’s new park yet? story (= article)
M: I am just about done. Give me another five minutes and I will be just about done
(2) ___________ for your approval. another five minutes
W: Actually, could you give it to Mr.Smith? He is going to do (3) approval
_____________. Could you also tell Ron and Mary to do the same final proof
when they (4) __________________? break
M: All right. I’ll (5) ______________________. pass on the message

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary
4. Who placed an order for more paper? duplication
(A) John.
(B) Jenny.
(C) Ron.
(D) Mr.Brown.

5. When is the delivery expected to arrive?

(A) This morning
(B) This afternoon.
(C) This evening.
(D) Tomorrow morning.

6. What does the man have to do this morning?

(A) Conduct a meeting.
(B) Make a duplications of the report.
(C) Talk to Mr.Brown.
(D) Get the copy machine fixed.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. be out of something
M: Jenny, (1) ________________. Could you do go down to the storage room
storage room and get some for me? place an order
W: We’re completely out. (2) ___________________ this morning, delivery
and delivery should (3)_______________________. Do you want pick up
me to pick up some from the stationery store in the meantime, Ron? in the meantime
M: I think you’d better do that. I have to
(4)_______________________ for Mr.Brown this morning.
W: All right. I’ll get right on it.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 3 key expressions
68.mp3

 You have reached (Company name) (on the phone)

You’ve reached Green Energy customer service. This is Margaret Johnson. How may I help
you?
 I’m calling to + V
I’m calling to confirm your appointment on Friday.
 I wonder if S + V
Considering our workload, I wonder if we can get the project finished by then.
 not ~ until …
I’m sorry David. I don’t seem to be able to meet you until this afternoon.
 It seems as though S + V
It seems as though I locked my key in the car.
 Would you like to + V ~?
Would you like to share a cab to the station?
 Would you like me to + V ~?
Would you like me to give you a ride to the airport?
 It looks like S + V
It looks like we need to extend the deadline.
 Do you have A’s (phone) number?
Do you have Dr.Rosenberg’s phone number?
 What do you think of ~?
What do you think of the proposal Micheal Moore has come up with?
 What seems to be the problem?
What seems to be the problem, sir?
 What happened to ~?
What happened to the department store on Elm Street?
 Have you had a chance to + V?
Have you had a chance to visit the National Museum?
 Have you heard (that) S + V?
Have you heard that Paul Cooper will be in charge of the public relations division?
 I’m here to + V
Hi, I’m Richard Coley from Pioneer Consulting. I’m here to see Mr.Hendryx.
 Have an appointment with
Don’t forget you have an appointment with Mr.Barton at eleven.

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 69.mp3

1. What are they talking about? 6. What will happen next week?
(A) A new employee. (A) They will go on a business trip.
(B) A photographer they hired. (B) They will have guest.
(C) The company anniversary party. (C) They will get a physical checkup.
(D) A new company booklet.
(D) They will prepare for bad weather.
2. Why does the man think the work was done _______________________________
professionally?
7. What did they forget to do?
(A) The photos are very good.
(A) Call Mr.Smith.
(B) The writing is excellent.
(B) Send something.
(C) A lot of money was spent on it.
(C) Fix the fax machine.
(D) He was told be someone.
(D) Finish the report.
3. Why are they complimenting a co-worker?
8. Why will Mr.Smith not come directly to
(A) He made a huge sale.
the office tomorrow morning?
(B) He took great pictures.
(A) He has a doctor’s appointment.
(C) He was never been late for work.
(B) He has an early meeting eslewhere.
(D) He got promoted recently.
(C) He is taking a day off work.
(D) He will meet a women at another place.
9. What will Cindy do next?
(A) Drive the car around to the front.
(B) Run upstairs to her office.
(C) Go to the post office.
(D) Phone Mr.Smith.
4. What is the problem?
(A) The woman can’t go on her business trip.
(B) The man is not feeling well.
(C) Their guest has postponed the meeting.
(D) One of the staff members has to get an
operation.
5. What does the woman suggest the man do?
(A) Take a few days off to rest.
(B) Take the clients around town.
(C) Take a trip to Hong Kong.
(D) Take something to her doctor.

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Unit 04: Employment and Promotions

Basic Words and Phrases

 come in for an interview  quit one’s job

 be promoted to (= get the promotion to)  get an other from
 write one’s work experience  apply for the opening in
 disscuss whom to hire  verify someone’s dismissal
 get[be] transferred to  be promoted from in-house
 regarding the possition of  if the position is still vacant
 call about the job interview

♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 70.mp3

□ I interviewed with the president and (1) __________________ the sale manager.
□ We took a look at your résumé, and we were very impressed. Can you (2)
___________________ this Tuesday?
□ I finished my educational background, but (3) _________________ is difficult.
□ He is going to (4) ___________________ the Purcharsing Department at our company.
□ Hey, I just heard that Gloria (5) ___________________ the London office .
□ Did you hear that the new marketing head will (6) ______________________?
□ I’m calling the response to your ad in the newspaper. I was wondering (7) ___________.

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 71.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary

1. What is the woman curious to know? smoothy
(A) If the work is progressing smoothly. motivate
(B) Whether her cousin is doing a good job. refer
(C) If the company is looking for workers. take on the job
(D) How to motivate the warehouse workers. supervisor
2. How will the woman help? work extra hour
(A) By referring someone suitable. up to the best one’s ability
(B) By taking on the job herself. cut back
(C) By talking to her supervisor.
(D) By working extra hours.
3. Why was David Mills let go from his position?
(A) He did not perform up to the best of his ability.
(B) The company has to close its door.
(C) His boss did not like him very much.
(D) The company had to cut back on its employee.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. overhear
W: I overheard my manager saying that we are shorthanded at our shorthanded
warehouse. Do you know (1) __________________________ ? warehouse
M: Yes, we’re looking to hire a couple of part-time employees and a at the moment
full-time supervisor, but we’ve been (2) _______________________. have a hard time ~ ing
Do you know anyone off hand? off hand
W: In fact, I do. My cousin is looking for work, and he would be downsize
perfect for the position. He used to work as a warehouse supervisor at Don’t tell me~
Delta Incorporated. They recently (3) _________________________.
M: Delta Incorporated ? I know (4) ______________________.
Don’t tell me David Mills is your cousin.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary
4. Who recently got the promotion in the company? get a promotion
(A) Martha. step down
(B) Jenny. move to another department
(C) The district manager. be content with ( = be
(D) The sale manager. satisfied with)
5. What is the man’s opinion of Jenny? district manager
(A) She is a hard worker.
(B) She worries about nothing.
(C) She should step down as the head.
(D) She should move to another department.
6. According to the woman, why should the man not worry?
(A) Jenny is content with her job.
(B) The district manager is a kind person.
(C) He will get promoted next year.
(D) The hard work they are doing will soon be over.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. be promoted to
M: Martha, did you hear about (1) __________________________ head
the head of the Sales Department? sales department
W: Yes, and I think it’s fantastic. She’s been working very hard and fantastic
(2) ___________________ . If she continues to perform, I wouldn’t definitely
be surprised if she became our district manager in a couple of years. deserve
M: Well, we all know that (3)_______________________. I’m sure wouldn’t be surprised if~
that she is going to do well here. I just hope she (4)_______________ workhorse
one of our competitors. scout
W: I’m sure other companies are looking at her, but competitor
(5)________________. I don’t think we have much to worry about.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 3 key expressions
72.mp3

 I would like to reserve ~

I would like to reserve several rooms of different types. How can I do that?
 I was told (that) S + V
I was told the sales meeting had been postponed until Friday.
 I am afraid (that) S + V
I am afraid I won’t be able to make it today.
 This is A (name) from B (company) calling to + V
Hello, this is Linda White from Future-Tech Corporation calling to confirm a service
appointment for tomorrow.
 had better + V
If you’re driving to Springfield today, you’d better not take Highway 45.
 What’s wrong with ~?
Did you figure out what’s wrong with my car?
 I would appreciate it if S + V.
I have an appointment at two o’clock, and I’m already late. I’d appreciate it if you could
drive as fast as possible.
 What do you say S + V?
Jane, I am starved. What do you say we go out and get some lunch first and finish working
on this report after we come back?
 could use + N
I could use a cup of coffee.
 put A (person) down for ~
Could you put me down for 2 p.m, please?
 give A (person) a hand (with)
Why don’t you ask Brenda to give you a hand with that?
 need a hand with
I think Mr.Robinson might need a hand with his report.
 be tied up
I am happy to help, but I will be tied up all day.
 Have[get] one’s hands full
Please wait a minute. I have my hands full at the moment.
I have got my hands full. Could you open the door?
 put in a request for ~
I am going to put in my request for vacation next month.
 grab a bite to eat
Why don’t we grab a bite to eat after the meeting?
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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 73.mp3

1. What will they have to do once the 4. Why is Ms.Wong taking some time
agreement becomes final? off work?
(A) Increase their workforce. (A) She is going to have a baby.
(B) Make an overseas trip. (B) She has not been feeling well.
(C) Advertise their products. (C) She is going to take a vacation.
(D) Fill out order forms. (D) She wants to go back to school.
2. What might occur if they don’t act 5. When will Ms.Wong take a leave of
quickly? absence?
(A) They might lose out on the contract. (A) Today.
(B) The local paper won’t accept their (B) Later this week.
advertisement. (C) Next week.
(C) The discounted period will be over. (D) Next month.
(D) They might not be able to meet order. 6. How did they find a replacement?
3. According to the man, what can result (A) Ms.Wong referred someone.
from this deal? (B) They contacted a job agency.
(A) More deals. (C) One of the staff members
(B) A new story. volunteered.
(C) A big ad. (D) The man took out an ad in the paper.
(D) A salary increase.

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Unit 05: Guest and Visitor Reception
Basic Words and Phrases

 customer service  Could you tell me when ~?

 May I talk to ~?  Do you carry (item)?
 This is A (name) from B (company)  It’s difficult to find ~
 visit a plant this afternoon  I’m just wondering if ~
 Is there anything special you’re looking for?
 I wanted to know whether ~
 it (item) is available
 Is there anyone here I could speak to about ~?

♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 74.mp3

□ (1) __________________ our copy machine is ready to be picked up. We really need it as
soon as possible.
□ The executives from Dallas will be (2) ___________________, so please make sure your
work areas are spotless.
□ Welcome to Jim’s Stationery. (3) ____________________________________, sir?
□ (4) ______________________ renting a space in the building across the street from here?
□ I’d like to know (5) _______________ you advertised in the newspaper (6) __________?
□ (7) _____________________ the last passenger ferry crosses the bay?
□ Homecare’s (8) _________________. This is Daniel Miller. How may I help you?

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 75.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary

1. Where is Jack? place an order
(A) At a law office. intercom
(B) On the factory floor.
(C) In his office.
(D) At a coffee shop.
2. Why is the man here?
(A) To talk to the woman.
(B) To pick up some coffee.
(C) To place an order.
(D) To drop off some reading material.
3. What will the woman do next?
(A) Go down to the factory.
(B) Speak to Jack on the intercom.
(C) Take a seat in the office.
(D) Bring something to drink.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing words. Vocabulary
W: Where is Jack? He wanted me to drop by this morning to drop by
(1)_____________________. law book
M: He was waiting for you, but he had to step out for a moment to step out for a
(2)______________________. He should be back any minute now. Would moment
you like to take a seat in his office? plant floor
W: All right, and if it’s (3) __________________, may I have a cup of
coffee, please?
M: Sure thing. I will (4) ______________________.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary
4. Who is the woman? employee (↔
(A) A theater employees. employer)
(B) A travel agent. change a date
(C) A real estate agent.
(D) A banker.
5. What is the man doing?
(A) Reserving tickets for this evening.
(B) Getting information about a flight .
(C) Changing the date to attend an event .
(D) Buying a chair at a furniture shop.
6. When will the man leave town?
(A) This evening.
(B) Later this week.
(C) Next Tuesday.
(D) Two weeks from now.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing words. Vocabulary
M: Imperial Six Theater, how can I help you today? unexpectedly
W: Hi, I bought a ticket (1) ___________________, but I have to leave town available
unexpectedly. I wish to (2) ____________________. Are there any seats full house
available for Tuesday night? have no choice but
M: I’m sorry, sir, but it’s a full house on that day. (3)________________ is to + V
on Wednesday two weeks from today.
W: Is that right? I guess I (4) _____________________________ then.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 3 key expressions
76.mp3

 first thing in the morning

I’ll give you a call first thing in the morning.
 come down with a cold
I feel like I’m coming down with a cold.
 under the weather
I’m feeling a bit under the weather. I think I should call it a day.
 Are you sure that S + V ~?
Are you sure that you checked your luggage?
 wait for ages
We have to wait for ages until we was served, and the food was not as delicious as we
expected.
 be on the phone with
Can you ask Mr.Brown to wait? I’m now on the phone with Alex Torren.
 be finished with
When you are finished with the newspaper, can I read it?
 I am calling because S + V
I’m calling because my order hasn’t arrived yet.
 I’m expecting + someone/ something
I’m expecting some documents from our clients. Have they arrived yet?
 drop (someone/ something) off at[in] + (place)
Do you want me to drop you off at your hotel?
 give (someone) a ride to + (place)
My train leaves at seven. Can you give me a ride to the station?
 be in the middle of ~ ing
I’m in the middle of preparing for my presentation for tomorrow, so I have to work late
tonight.
 have ~ in stock
I’m not sure if we have the parts in stock at the moment.
 be up and running
The new security system won’t be up and running until next week.
 Can you tell me ~?
Can you tell me how I can get to the Central Park from here?
 Would you mind ~ing~?
Would you mind turning down the music?

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 77.mp3

1. Where is the conversation taking place? 6. What was Mr. Sanchez supposed to
(A) In an accounting office. do for the woman?
(B) In a bank. (A) Figure out the monthly payment.
(C) In a supermaket. (B) Increase the insurance coverage.
(D) In a restaurant. (C) Write up a new company policy.
2. What does the man want? (D) Hire Samantha Williams.
(A) His bankbook updated. _ _ _ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _
(B) An exchange of a product. 7. Why didn’t Carol receive her pay
(C) His income tax filed. yet?
(D) His report rechecked. (A) She didn’t work the full week yet.
3. Who is Mr. Smith? (B) The banking information was filled
(A) An accountant. in the incorrectly.
(B) A cook. (C) She lost her account book.
(C) A cashier. (D) Mr. Gomez did not receive her bank
(D) A loan officer. account number.
_ _ _ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ 8. What will Carol most likely do
4. Where does Mr. Sanchez work? next?
(A) An insurance firm. (A) Fill out a form.
(B) Jagar Incorporated. (B) Go down to her bank.
(C) An accounting office. (C) Give her bankbook to the man.
(D) A phone company. (D) Cash her paycheck.
5. Why is the woman calling? 9. Where is Ms. Taylor most likely
(A) To buy insurance. now?
(B) To speak to an insurance agent. (A) At a bank.
(C) To make an insurance claim. (B) At home.
(D) To make a complaint. (C) At her office.
(D) At the Payroll Department.

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Unit 06: Orders and Sales
Basic Words and Phrases

 place an order (cf. receive an order)

 cancel the order
 stand in line
 sell out ( =be sold out)
 get a full refund for
 appologize for the delay
 30% off the regular price
 check out the fall line
 be under warrantly (= be protected by warrantly)
 be on sale ( = offer ~ at discount prices)
 if you’d like a cash refund

♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 78.mp3

□ That book (1) __________________ a couple of days ago.

□ I called because the delivery is taking too long. I want to (2) _____________________ .
□ Do you think I can (3) _________________ this jacket, it’s too small.
□ I already (4) _______________ yesterday morning and they sent them to us this morning.
□ Most of (5) ___________________ this month and they are in the back near special booth.
□ I (6) _______________. The flood is preventing our trucks from getting to their locations.
□ Where can I find your running shoes that are (7) _________________ this week?
□ My stereo was broken and I can’t figure out if (8) ___________________________.
□ We need a receipt (9) ______________________.

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 79.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary

1. According to the woman, why can’t she come back at a later business trip
time? supplier
(A) She does not live in the area. give ~ discount
(B) She is going to be busy with work. measure
(C) She will be going on a business trip.
(D) She won’t have a way to get back.
2. What does the woman decide to do?
(A) Go to another store.
(B) Have the item delivered.
(C) Get another product.
(D) Come back another time.
3. What will the woman do next?
(A) Call his supplier.
(B) Give the woman a discount.
(C) Check the backroom.
(D) Measure the woman’s feet.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. particular
W: Do you have a pair of these high heels in size six? brand
M: I’m sorry but we (1)___________________________ right expect
now. However, we are expecting a delivery later this afternoon. Can take a look
you (2)__________________? backroom
W: Unfortulately, I can’t. I’m just visiting area, and (3)
___________ _________. I’ll just (4)_____________________.
Could I take a look at this pair in size six then?
M: Of course. We (5) ______________________. I’ll be right back.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary
4. Why haven’t the cartridges arrived yet? address
(A) They were sent to the wrong address. walk out
(B) The workers have walked out on their jobs. shipment
(C) The orders were received late. customs
(D) The shipment has been delayed at customs. order sb to V
5. When did the man place the order?
(A) Today.
(B) A day ago.
(C) Two days ago .
(D) A week ago.
6. What does the woman order the man to do?
(A) Find another company.
(B) Place another order right away.
(C) Pick up the order himself.
(D) Go down to the store to buy some.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. place an order
W: Did you place the order for the ink cartridges yet? We’re supplier
(1)_____________________. acceptable
M: I called (2) ________________________, but they still haven’t shipment
arrived yet. I heard the delivery people have (3) regular
___________________ down there. cancel
W: That’s not acceptable. (4)____________________ right away, take care of
and have a shipment come in today. Also call our regular supplier to
(5)_____________________.
M: Sure thing. I will take care of it right away.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 3 key expressions
80.mp3

 sign up for = register for

Are you signing up for the computer class?
 Do you mind if I ~?
I’m not feeling well. Do you mind if I leave early today?
 Do you know where[who/why/how/if] ~?
Do you know where the nearest bank is from the hotel?
 Do you have time to + V?
Do you have time to talk to me right now?
 find[make] time to + V
You look a bit under the weather. I think you’d better find time to see a doctor.
 break down
The copier broke down again. I have to get this document copied right way.
 take[have] a look at
My computer doesn’t seem to be working properly. Could you take a look at it?
 get a ride
Can I get a ride with you to the convention center? My car is in the repair shop.
 take care of
I need to have a suit cleaned by tomorrow. Can you take care of that?
The doctor says I’ve got to take better care of my health.
 Be[Make] sure to + V
Be sure to turn off the computers and unplug them before leaving for the day.
 drop by
Tell him that I’ll drop by his office around two o’clock then.
 set up
I’d like to set up an appointment with Dr.Davies in the next week.
Has the film project or (projector) been set up in the classroom?
 be disappointed with + N
I am somewhat disappointed with the marketing campaign for our new product line.
 carry + items
I am afraid we don’t carry that medicine anymore.
 get in touch with
How can I get in touch with you while you’re out of town?
 quite a bit (= quite a few, quite a lot)
The workshop was very informative, and I learned quite a bit about nutrition and exercise.
There are the pictures I took when I was in Paris quite a few years ago.

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 81.mp3

1. What is the problem? 4. What can be inferred about the

(A) An important fax has not arrived. woman?
(B) They can’t find a report. (A) She is planning to watch a movie.
(C) A machine is on the blink. (B) She is a real moviegoer.
(D) They are not eligible for a discount. (C) She works at a theater.
2. What does the man suggest? (D) She is an actress.
(A) To get a new machine. 5. Where is this conversation most
(B) To trash the fax machine. likely taking place?
(C) To send the report at a later time. (A) At a movie theater.
(D) To rewrite the report. (B) At a ticket stand.
3. How do they plan to get a discount? (C) At a newstand.
(A) By using a coupon. (D) At a newspaper company.
(B) By giving the supplier their old machine. 6. What is special about what the man
(C) By making bulk orders. is offering?
(D) By purchasing from someone they know. (A) It is the cheapest price anywhere in
the city.
(B) It contains more information than
what the woman wants.
(C) It is the most popular brand available
nowadays.
(D) It is only available at this particular
place.

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Unit 07: Appointments and Meetings
Basic Words and Phrases

 the budget meeting lasted + (time)

 have a meeting with the department heads
 set up a meeting with
 be scheduled to attend the seminar
 be busy for preparing for (a conference/ an event)
 retirement party (cf. farewell party)
 have the refreshments ordered
 a charity dinner will be held
 have a little get-together for
 make it to + (a place/ an event)
 make an appointment
 meet an important client

♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 82.mp3

□ Everything is ready for Mr. Lee’s (1) _____________________, right, Gloria?

□ Sorry, David (2) _____________________ almost an hour longer than I thought.
□ Cathy, I want to make sure that we (3) _________________ by noon for Mr.Mayer’s
farewell party this afternoon.
□ What should I do? I (4) _______________ this evening’s charity event on time.
□ Let’s see if we can (5) ___________________ the professor this week to discuss the
problem.
□ I just came out of Dan’s office, and he tells me that tonight’s (6)_____________. at the
Princess Inn.
□ Today marks the end of Elisa’s 10th year with this company. Why don’t we
(7)_________________ her this evening?
□ I’m (8) ____________________ at 2 o’clock in the afternoon, so I’d prefer to take the 9
o’clock flight please.

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 83.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary

1. Where did the woman leave her folder? be delayed
(A) At the airport. make it
(B) At the client’s office. take place (= be
(C) In Detroit. held)
(D) At her place.
2. Why has the meeting been delayed?
(A) She didn’t bring her folder.
(B) Jack has not arrived from the airport yet.
(C) One of the clients couldn’t make it.
(D) They couldn’t catch their flight.
3. When will the meeting take place?
(A) This afternoon.
(B) In twenty minutes.
(C) This evening.
(D) Tomorrow morning.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. folder
W: Can you believe that I (1) __________________? I have a flight
meeting in twenty minutes and I don’t know what I am going to do. be relieved
M: Oh, didn’t you hear? Jack called me from the airport and said be in big trouble
(2)___________________________. It apparently is snowing very don’t bother (to V)
hard in Detroit and (3)_____________________.
W: Oh, thank you. I am so relieved to hear that. I thought I (4)
________ _________. Now, I can go home and get it.
M: Don’t bother. The meeting is going to (5)
______________________.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary
4. Why is the woman feeling tired? be jetlagged (cf. jet
(A) She is jetlagged. lag)
(B) She didn’t get enough sleep.
(C) She worked all day.
(D) She had to run around all day.
5. What does the woman want to do before meeting the client?
(A) Prepare for proposal.
(B) Talk to the client.
(C) Take a nap .
(D) Have something to eat.
6. What time will they have the meeting?
(A) At five o’clock.
(B) At six o’clock.
(C) At seven o’clock.
(D) At eight o’clock.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. exhausted
W: I’m exhausted. I think I will check into the hotel and freshen up
(1)_________ ____________ before meeting our client for dinner. over the phone
What time did you say we are meeting them again? delay
M: Well, the exact time hasn’t been set yet but (2) nap
_________________ over the phone. I could call them and (3) stay up late
___________________ or so if you want to take a quick nap or proposal
something. snooze
W: Can you? That would be supper if you can. I stayed up late a whole lot
working on the proposal and (4)_____________________.
(5)________________ would freshen me up a whole lot.
M: All right. I will call them and arrange it for seven then.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 3 key expressions
84.mp3
 not quite (= not comletely[exactly])
I don’t quite agree with you.
 un into (a person) (= meet ~be chance)
I ran into Silvia at Union Station yesterday.
 catch a bus[train/plane]
Could you tell me where I can catch a bus to the airport?
 can’t wait to + V
I can’t wait to see her again.
 place an ad in the newspaper
I’m going to place an ad in the local newspaper for a part-time assitant.
 take someone’s place
When the marketing director resigns, Mr. Watson will take his place.
 I’m thinking of[about] + ~ing[N]
I’m thinking of going there for my holiday.
 Is it possible to + V?
My wisdom tooth is killing me. Is it possible to see the dentist this afternoon?
 Is it okay is S + V~?
Is it okay if I take this book home to read?
 It’s been (duration of time) since S + V
It’s been almost a year since I visited my parents.
 I would like you to + V
I’d like you to come in for a job interview next Thursday.
 get together
We are getting together after work today. Can you join us?
 return someone’s call
I’m sorry it’s taken so long to return your call. I just got back from a business trip to Hong
Kong last night.
 come up with
Our team leader wants us to come up with a name for our brand new car.
 Let me know if S + V
Let me know by the weekend if you can come.

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 85.mp3

1. What are they discussing? 4. What kind of an event are they

(A) What to wear to an event. preparing for?
(B) The number of people expected. (A) A good-bye party for a co-worker.
(C) The size of the conference room. (B) A traing session for the staff
(D) Their branch office staff. members.
2. Who does the man say will be in (C) A open house for some guest.
attendance this time around? (D) A dental seminar for the dentists.
(A) His staff members. 5. Who is responsible for making the
(B) Their associate company members. arrangements?
(C) Their boss. (A) Joan.
(D) Possible investors. (B) Marry.
3. How many seats will be available for this (C) Linda.
evening’s event? (D) Mr.King.
(A) 20. 6. What is Mary doing at the moment?
(B) 50. (A) She is having lunch with a co-
(C) 100. worker.
(D) 120. (B) She is running an errand for Mr.King.
(C) She is having her teeth examined.
(D) She is attending a party.

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Unit 08: Food and Meals

Basic Words and Phrases

 a sit-down meal or a buffet

 reserve a table for five (cf.reservation)
 go out for pizza
 exotic restaurant
 catering service
 produce section
 take the cake out of the oven
 the best tasting ones in town
 pick up a chocolate bar
 pay a bill
 sirlion steak with garlic butter sauce
 (Main courses) come with (side orders)

♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 86.mp3

□ I like coming here because these are (1) __________________________.

□ We need to find (2) _____________________ .
□ The roast chicken is prepared in a wood-burning oven and (3) _________________ , rice,
and vegetables.
□ Did you (4) _______________ like I had instructed.
□ Would you prefer (5) _______________________?
□ I’m going down to the store to (6) ____________________.
□ We have (7) ______________________ and pasta in cream sauce.
□ I remember you (8) _______________________ at the restaurant.

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 87.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary

1. Where are they? factory floor
(A) In a restaurant. checkout counter
(B) At a supermaket.
(C) At a factory floor.
(D) In a bank.
2. What will the man pick up?
(A) Soya sauce.
(B) Rice.
(C) Vegetables.
(D) Drinks.
3. Where will they meet in five minutes?
(A) At home.
(B) By the checkout counter.
(C) At the produce section.
(D) Near the soft drink stand.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing words. Vocabulary
W: I still need to pick up some rice and soya sauce for this evening’s pick up
dinner. Can you go to the produce section and (1) _________________ soya sauce (= soy
____________ I am going to make? sauce)
M: Sure, and shouldn’t we (2)___________________________? I produce section
checked the refrigerator, and I don’t think there were any left. cash register
W: Yes, that’s right. I’ll get some (3) _____________________. You
just go and get (4) ____________________.
M: All right. I’ll meet you (5) ______________________in five minutes.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary
4. When will the company celebrate its anniversary? do a good job
(A) On the 11th of this month. change
(B) On the 25th of this month. catering company
(C) On the 11th of next month. call up
(D) On the 25th of next month.. receptionist
5. Why is the woman looking for another catering company?
(A) The old company did not do a good job.
(B) Jack’s Food Services charges too much.
(C) The catering company they use is not available .
(D) The boss has ordered her to look for another one.
6. What will the man do first?
(A) Work on a report.
(B) Call up a few catering companies.
(C) Talk to a worker at Jack’s Food Services.
(D) Speak to the company receptionist.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing words. Vocabulary
W: I need to ask you to do something for me. It’s (1)______________ company anniversary
____________. We need to find a catering service, and I was wondering party
if (2)____________________? catering service
M: Of couse, but is there something wrong with Jack’s Food Service? look into
(3) ____________________ before, and they did a good job, didn’t they? booked
W: They did, but they are (4)_________________________. I know I take care of
should have called them earlier but I was too busy with my project.
Anyway, could you take care of the problem?
M: I’ll get on it (5)__________________________. I should be able to
find one by 11 o’clock.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 3 key expressions
88.mp3

 be about to + V
I was just about to call you to let you know that the meeting place has been changed.
 be supposed to + V
When are we supposed to touch down in New Delhi?
 pick up
I’ve got to pick up my suit from the cleaners.
Do you want me to pick me up at your house?
 Is there ~?
Is there anything I can help you with?
Excuse me, is there a gift shop in the hotel?
 Can[Could] I + V?
Can I see your tickets?
Could I get a refill on this coffee?
 I won’t be able to + V
I am afraid I won’t be able to get this report done by Wednesday.
 I can’t believe S + V!
I can’t believe this report is due on Tuesday!
I can’t believe they let Mr. Foster go!
 be planning to + V
Did you know that the factory workers are planning to go on strike tomorrow?
 need to + V
Could you give me five minutes, Sarah? I need to make a call to my accountant first.
 check with + someone
I’ll check with the janitor. I’m sure he has a spare key.
 check out
I’m ready to check out now, but I’d like to leave my bags here for a while.
I’m sorry but you cannot check out these books because you have an overdue book fine.
 How do you like ~?
How do you like our new brochure? Doesn’t it look very nice?
 make it
If you leave now, you should make it.
I made a reservation for five people for seven p.m. but now Brandon can’t make it.
 go over
Could you go over this contract with me?
 look over
I’ll try to look over the marketing plan during my break.
 see if S + V
Hello, I am calling to see if my car is ready for pickup?

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 89.mp3

1. Who are they? 4. Why does the woman invite the man
(A) Bakers. to join her in the meeting room?
(B) Party organizers. (A) To discuss the Layton Contract.
(C) Messengers. (B) To share some fruit.
(D) Window installers. (C) To give him some legal advice.
2. Why is the woman worried? (D) To review a report.
(A) They might not be able to deliver the 5. Why does the man decline the
order on time. woman’s invitation?
(B) They can’t close the windows. (A) He has already solved his problem.
(C) The food is a bit too spicy. (B) He is not very hungry.
(D) There might not be enough people at the (C) He is in a hurry to go somewhere.
party. (D) He read over the report several times
3. What time is it now? already.
(A) five o’clock. 6. What does the woman say she will
(B) six o’clock. do?
(C) seven o’clock. (A) She will read over the report.
(D) eight o’clock. (B) She is going to save him some food.
(C) She will drive him to his destination.
(D) She will refer him to a good lawyer.

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Unit 09: Pastime
Basic Words and Pharses

 take a vacation (cf. be on leave)

 get hurt during a tennis match
 watch hurt a play at least once a month
 ticket to the new musical
 one of the best trips I’ve ever taken
 there is a new movie playing at (the cinema)
 go swimming with
 a new pair of googles and a ski suit
 get in shape (↔ get ot of shape)
 join a gym ( = enroll in a fitness center)

♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 90.mp3

□ I have (1) ______________________. It starts at eight p.m. tonight. I want you to join me.
□ He (2) _____________________, so he is on the hospital.
□ From now on, let’s try to come and (3) ______________________________.
□ It’s about time you (4) _________________. How long will you be there?
□ I spent a week in Thailand and it was (5) _________________________.
□ (6) ______________________ the Plaza Theater and there is a playoff game tonight at the
Dome.
□ I’m (7) _____________________ my husband and his brother. What are you going to do?
□ I went out yesterday to the mall and brought (8) __________________________.
□ I tried to get in shape by (9) ______________________ but I ended up not going.

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 91.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary

1. Where is the conversation most likely taking place? pass something over
(A) At a theater. to
(B) In a snack store.
(C) In a furniture shop.
(D) At a bag shop.
2. Why does the man want to sit next to the woman?
(A) There aren’t any seats available in the place.
(B) The woman is an old friend.
(C) He can’t see from the back.
(D) He doesn’t want to sit alone.
3. What does the man ask the woman to do?
(A) Get some snacks.
(B) Save his seat.
(C) Pass his jacket over to him.
(D) Put on her glasses.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. it’s not too much of a
W: Excuse me but (1) ___________________? bother = if you don’t
M: No, I don’t believe it is. Why don’t you (2) mind
___________________? save
W: Thank you. I (3) _____________________, and there are only snack bar
seats left in the back. If it’s not too much of a bother, may I ask you Do you mind?
to (4) _______ ________? I want to (5) ___________________ and take one’s time
get some popcorn and a drink. Do you mind?
M: No problem. Take your time.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary
4. According to the man, what have his children been pleading decline
with him to do? take a trip
(A) To take them to the planetarium. out of town
(B) To visit their grandmother.
(C) To let them play with the woman’s kids.
(D) To go to New York.
5. Why does the man decline the woman’s offer to go together?
(A) He has to take a trip out of town.
(B) His children do not want to go.
(C) He has too much work to do .
(D) His kids have already been there.
6. When will the man return?
(A) Saturday.
(B) Sunday.
(C) Monday.
(D) Friday.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. beg
W: My kids have been begging me to (1)____________________, planetarium
and I am thinking of going this Saturday. be on someone’s
M: I’ll bet your kids are going to love it! I took my kids last case
Sunday, and (2) ____________________ to take them again this
weekend.
W: Really? Do you want to go toghether?
M: (3)__________________________ I can’t. I will be (4)
___________ __________ and won’t be coming back (5)
____________________. It’s my mother-in-law’s 60th Birthday.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 3 key expressions
92.mp3

 put in
We’d like everyone to put in some extra hours until the project is finished.
 on one’s way
I’ll pick it up on my way home from work.
 used to + V
He used to work as a designer at Design Innovation Incorporated.
 drive to work
It took me an hour to drive to work this morning.
 be allergic to
Are you allergic to seafood?
 manage to + V
I’ve been working on it all morning and managed to finish it a few minutes ago.
 take + (time) + off
You’d better take a couple of days off and get some rest.
 under warranty for (time)
This TV set is under warranty for two years.
 go along with
He is not getting along with his co-workers.
 go into effect
It’s going into effect starting next month.
 show A (person) around B (place)
Ms. Stewart asked me to show Mr. Johnson around town while he’s here.
 let A (person) go
We have no choice but to let some employees go.
 fill it for
Emily is out sick for a few days. Can you fill in for her for a few days?
 get rid of
I think we should get rid of some pieces of the office furniture we aren’t using.
 call off
The meeting was called off.
 take effect
The new rules won’t take effect until June 1st.

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 93.mp3

1. What is the woman complaining about? 5. What does Jane suggest they should
(A) How slowly the man is working. do from now?
(B) The noise that is distracting her. (A) Come to the theater more often.
(C) The kind of music that’s playing on the (B) Reserve seats in advance.
radio. (C) Try a different theater next time.
(D) The amount of work she has on hand. (D) Walk around the college campus.
2. What is that the woman cannot 6. What did Rosa do during her school
understand? days?
(A) How the man can work under such noisy (A) Act on stage.
conditions. (B) Watch many sporting events.
(B) Why the man is always late with his (C) Appreciate performances.
work. (D) Do a lot of work.
(C) The high expectations her boss has of 7. Why can’t the man concentrate on
her. his work?
(D) The number of staff members versus the (A) He is working about his work.
work demand. (B) He is excited about sporting event.
3. According to the man, how does rock (C) His team members aren’t
music help him? performing.
(A) It allows him to focus on his work. (D) He doesn’t understand his job.
(B) It keeps him preoccupied when bored. 8. According to the woman, what
(C) It’s provides him with pleasure. similarity does her brother share with
(D) It helps him to stay in shape. the man?
(A) They both enjoy watching sports.
4. What are they talking about?
(B) They look similar to each other.
(A) A future play they will see together. (C) They play on the same hockey team.
(B) Their old college days. (D) They both worry too much.
(C) A party that they have been invited to. 9. What does the woman not
(D) A performance they just watched. understand?
(A) Why men overreact to sporting
events.
(B) How her brother had gotten to know
the man.
(C) Where the man got the free tickets.
(D) Why the man is not performing well.

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Unit 10: Transportation
Basic Words and Phrases

 lock oneself out of one’s car

 stop at a gas station
 replace one’s tires
 there’s heavy traffic due to ~
 shorten one’s commute
 take a detour
 take the subway instead of the bus
 book a round trip ticket to (place)
 take the train to (place)
 Could you tell me where I could find (place)
 Go straight down to (place)
 be located on the first floor
 You can’t miss it.

♫ Listen and Fill in the Blanks 94.mp3

□ I changed the oil and fixed the side mirror. But please make sure you (1) _____________
soon.
□ I heard that (2) ______________________ the rain.
□ I want to (3) ___________________________ if possible.
□ We’d better (4) ____________________ to get to the airport.
□ Just walk down this street, and turn right at College Street; you will see it next to the
grocery store. (5) _____________________.
□ We don’t have a pool, but we do have a fitness room which (6) _____________________.
□ I just can’t believe it! I actually (7) ___________________ for the second time this week.
□ I’m sure it would be much quicker if you just (8) _______________________ next time.

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 95.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary

1. When will the new subway fare take effect ? adult fare
(A) Today. make a lot of money
(B) Next week. complain
(C) Next month.
(D) Next year.
2. How much is the adult fare today?
(A) $ 1.00.
(B) $ 1.30.
(C) $ 1.50.
(D) $ 1.80.
3. What can be inferred about the woman?
(A) She doesn’t like taking the subway.
(B) She does not own a car.
(C) She does not make a lot of money.
(D) She complains too much.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. subway fare
W: Did you hear in the news that the (1) be hiked up
__________________________ again? It’s going into effect (2) go into effect
______________________. go up thirty cents to
M: Yes, the adult fare is apparently going up a dollar
(2)__________________? eighty
W: This is terrible! I think I am going to pack my lunch from now have a hard time
to save money. I am having a hard time (3) ~ing
_____________________ as it is. budget
M: Well, don’t complain too much. It’s still (5) as it is
___________________ to work. drive one’s car to
work

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following conversation. Vocabulary
4. How long did it take the man to drive back to the office from under construction
downtown? break down
(A) An hour. cab
(B) Two hours.
(C) Three hours.
(D) Four hours.
5. What does the woman say is the reason why Main Street was
congested?
(A) The road is under construction.
(B) There was a big accident.
(C) A bus broke down on the road .
(D) It was rush hour.
6. How did the man get back to the office?
(A) He took the highway.
(B) He took Jane Road.
(C) He took the subway.
(D) He caught a cab.

Dictation Listen to the conversation and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. killer
W: The traffic out there is a killer today. Can you believe it get back to
(1)_______ _________ to the office from downtown. collision
M: I guess you took Main Street. I heard on the radio that (2) involving
________ ____________ involving a van and a truck. It only got get cleared
cleared about half an hour ago. I think you were caught in it. be caught in
W: I know, and that’s why I made a detour and (3) make a detour
_________________ But there is (4)_______________ and it’s just
as bad. If I had known this, I would have just taken the subway
today.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 3 key expressions
96.mp3

 be running late
We’d better get going. We’re running a little bit late.
 Traffic was brought to a standstill
There was an accident on the freeway and traffic was brought to a standstill.
 make[take] a detour
I had to make a detour because there was a big collision involving a van and a truck.
 show up
How many people are expected to show up tonight?
 at no extra charge
We will deliver it to your location at no extra charge.
 give A (person) a tour of B (place)
Mr. Franklin will be giving us a tour of the farm.
 take a tour of
I am interested in taking a tour of Switzerland.
 come to work by bus
I usually drive to work, but I came to work by bus today.
 function property
Hi, I’m Samantha Jones in room 1204. The thermostat in my room is not function property.
 be not in at the moment
She is not in at the moment. Can I take your message?
 fill A (person) in on B
I want you to fill me in on what’s been happening.
 fill an order
Our supplier called to inform that they are not able to fill our order in time.
 join A (person) for B
Would you like to join us for dinner at the Italian restaurant this Friday?
 get off work
What time do you get off work?
 put off
Mr.Smith is out sick today, so I think we’ll have to put off the strategy meeting until
tomorrow.

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 97.mp3

1. Where are they? 4. Where are they?

(A) At an airport. (A) In a bank.
(B) In a conference center. (B) On the street.
(C) At a gas station. (C) At a hotel front desk.
(D) In a car. (D) In a cab.
2. What is the problem? 5. What does the man suggest?
(A) They are late for a meeting. (A) To take a shutle bus.
(B) They are going in the wrong direction. (B) To have something to eat first.
(C) They are out of gas. (C) To take her checkbook.
(D) They are both very tired. (D) To catch a cab.
3. Why does the man want to continue 6. What request does the woman
driving? make?
(A) He wants to get to their destination (A) She does not want her room touched.
quickly. (B) She wants the man to give her a ride.
(B) He feels that there is plenty of gas. (C) She would like the man to cash a
(C) He is not in the mood to drink anything. check.
(D) He thinks that it’s risky to make a stop (D) She hopes to leave a message for a
now. guest.

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ACTUAL TEST

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 - PART 4 -

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Giới thiệu chung
- Tên gọi: Short Talks – Các đoạn độc thoại ngắn
- Gồm 30 câu hỏi (từ câu 71 đến 100), dựa trên 10 đoạn độc thoại tương ứng với
3 câu hỏi cho 1 đoạn độc thoại
- Sau mỗi đoạn độc thoại, có 3 câu hỏi được đọc cho thí sinh, các câu hỏi đều
được in trong đề thi.

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Unit 01: Essential Types of Questions
Loại câu hỏi về chủ đề

What is the main topic of the talk?

What is being announced?

What does the speaker mention?

What is the purpose of the announcement?

What is the purpose of keynote speech?

What is the nws story about?

What is the training session for?

What is being shown at the event?

Loại câu hỏi về thông tin chi tiết

What does the speaker say about the house?

What will be sent to the customers?

What will Mr. Longman do?

What does the radio program broadcast?

What department is newly opened?

What is Parker’s specialty?

What kind of business is PEK?

What changes are being announced?

What is the first step in setting the alarm?

On what day is the museum open late?

What is being offered for a sale in the Lounge Car?

Loại câu hỏi về yêu cầu

What are the listeners asked to see?

What are the employees asked to do?

What are the employees instructed to do?

Loại câu hỏi về việc đang làm và sẽ làm

What is most likely Park’s job?

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What is the speaker going to do next?

What is the speaker doing?

Loại câu hỏi về vấn đề

What is the problem with the carpet?

What has caused the delay?

What reason is mentioned as the cause of the changes?

Loại câu hỏi về người nói

Who is the speaker?

Who is most likely the speaker?

Who is addressing?

Who is making the announcement?

Loại câu hỏi về người nghe

Who is this announcement for?

Who is the announcement directed to?

Who is the announcement aimed at?

Who is the speaker most likely addressing?

Who is the man most likely speaking to?

Who most likely is the audience for this message?

Who is this message intended for?

Who is the intended audience for this presentation?

Loại câu hỏi về nhân vật được đề cập đến trong bài nói

Who is Ms. Lee’s current employer?

Who will be performing?

Who owns the properly now?

Who is Dr. Kim?

Loại câu hỏi về nơi bài nói diễn ra

Where are the people?

Where is the talk taking place?

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Where does this talk take place?

Where is this talk being given?

Where are the speaker?

Where is this announcement heard?

Where is this announcement being made?

Where is Dr. Lee speaking?

Loại câu hỏi về nơi chốn được đề cập đến trong bài nói

Where does Susan Harris work?

Where are people instructed to go?

Where will the training session be held?

Where will the liquid be kept?

Where is the store located?

Where is the blue binder?

Loại câu hỏi về lý do

Why is the speaker making this announcement?

Why is Linda Mills calling?

Why is Mrs. Chang asked to come early?

Why does the caller apologize to Frank?

Why does the speaker mention his friends and family?

Why did the automobile sales rise in June?

Why will the report have pictures of employees?

Why will there be road detours?

Trường hợp hỏi về ý định của người nói

What does the speaker mean when she says, “confirm if this option would be okay with you”?

Why does the speaker mean when she says, “my vote is for Pablo Mercado”

Trường hợp hỏi về thông tin trong bảng biểu

Look at the graphic. How much money will Mr. Parker save?

Look at the graphic. When will the Marble Furniture go on sale?

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer
Question 4-6 refer to the following excerpt from a meeting Vocabulary

136. mp3 Now that

Panel
4. What is the purpose of the talk?
Executive
(A) To describe a policy
Stand out
(B) To support a political candidate
Praise
(C) To celebrate a retirement
Media
(D) To recommend a job applicant
Solid
5. According to the speaker, what is Pablo Mercado known for?
Reputation
(A) His presentations
Innovative
(B) His diverse experience
Original
(C) His promotional campaigns
Dish
(D) His creativity
Fit
6. What does the speaker mean when she says, “my vote is for
Vote
Pablo Mercado”
(A) She would like to lead a project
(B) She wants to hire Mr. Mercado
(C) She is suggesting a restaurant
(D) She is inviting Mr. Mercado to speak

Dictation Listen to the short talk again and write down the missing
words.
Now that the interview panel has met with all of the candidates for
the (1)…., it’s time to decide who should join us here at the
Gateway Resort. In my opinion, the candidate that (2)…..most is
Pablo Mercado. He’s currently the head chef at the Emporio Bistro
and..uh…he has received (3)….from the media. He has developed
a (4)…..for his innovative and original dishes. I think that he would
be the best fit, so my vote is for Pablo Mercado.

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 Question 4 refers to the following announcement and program Vocabulary

139. mp3 Artworks

Look at the graphic. Where are the Impressionist Landscapes Differ

located? Represent

Exhibition Programs of the Manchester Modern Art Art movement

Museum Themed
Exhibition
Art Movement Location
Landscape
Realism Exhibit Hall 20G
Impressionism
Impressionism Exhibit Hall 17K Surrealism
Surrealism Exhibit Hall 11B Available
Whereas
Cubism Exhibit Hall 15A
Realism
Cubism
(A) Exhibit Hall 11B
(B) Exhibit Hall 17K
(C) Exhibit Hall 20G
(D) Exhibit Hall 10B

Dictation Listen to the short talk again and write down the missing
words.
Thank you for visiting the Manchester Modern Art Museum today.
Our museum is one of the largest art museums in England,
featuring many artworks that represent each (1)…... The Special
Exhibit Hall is reserved for (2)….., differing each month. This
month’s theme is Landscapes: From Impressionism to Surrealism.
We have exhibition programs available at the (3)……on the
exhibition. However, there have been some changes to the
programs due to (4)…….; Impressionist Landscapes are located
where Realism Landscapes used to be, whereas realism Landscapes
are located at Exhibit Hall 10B. Thank you. Enjoy your tour!

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress
137. mp3 138. mp3
4. Where does the speaker work? 10. Who is the speaker?
(A) At a supermarket (A) A stage actor
(B) At a café (B) A theatre director
(C) At a local farm (C) An audience member
(D) At a fruit market (D) A front-desk clerk

11. According to the speaker, what is

5. What problem is mentioned?
special about the play?
(A) A manager is not available. (A) It has received multiple awards.
(B) Some cargo has not arrived. (B) A local actor has the lead role.
(C) A schedule needs to be adjusted. (C) All shows have sold out.
(D) Some ingredients have gone bad. (D) It is based on a book.

6. What does the speaker mean when he 12. What does the speaker mean when
says, “Can you pick some up before she says, “it’s for a good cause”?
coming to work”? (A) Ticket purchases will benefit school
(A) He requests that Alyssa purchase programs.
supplies. (B) A historical building will be renovated
(B) He asks that Alyssa bring some soon.
brochures. (C) Positive reviews will help increase
(C) He instructs Alyssa to order new sales.
equipment. (D) A charity event will be organized by
(D) He would like Alyssa to carry some famous artists.
boxes.

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141. mp3
10. Who most likely is the speaker? Bella International Travel
(A) A travel agent.
Tour Package Price
(B) A potential customer.
Guam Surfing Tour/5 $3,600
(C) An airline employee
nights
(D) A stock analyst
China Culture Tour/5 $3,200
11. According to the speaker, what has
nights
happened?
Hawaii Vacation Tour/ $2,200
(A) A flight has been canceled.
4 nights
(B) The price of a package has decreased.
(C) Reservations for a tour have already been filled. Vietnam Temple Stay/ 3 $1,700

(D) A field trip has been postponed. nights

12. Look at the graphic. How much money will Mr. Parker save?
(A) $400
(B) $500
(C) $600
(D) $700

142. mp3
13. What is the problem?
(A) Dr. Lee will be out of town for a week.
(B) There was a confusion with the appointment registration.
(C) The woman called the wrong number.
(D) The woman wasn’t satisfied with the previous meeting.
14. What is the listener asked to do? Schedule Chart
(A) Cancel the man’s reservation.
Day Time
(B) Get his prescription filled at a pharmacy.
Tuesday 10:00-10:30
(C) Schedule a different date
(D) Call a different doctor’s office Wednesday 12:30-1:00
15. Look at the graphic. What time was the Thursday 1:30-2:00
listener’s original appointment?
Friday 6:00-6:30
(A) 10:00
(B) 12:30
(C) 1:30
(D) 6:00

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143.mp3
92. Who most likely are the listeners?
(A) Painters
(B) Musicians
(C) Writers
(D) Dancers
93. Look at the graphic. What section
does the speaker want the listeners to sit
in?
(A) Section A
(B) Section B
(C) Section C
(D) Section D
94. What are the listeners asked to do when the show ends?
(A) Exit through the rear door.
(B) Meet up with their families.
(C) Return their dresses.
(D) Answer questions from the audience.

95. What caused the cancelation?

(A) A late passenger
(B) Road construction
(C) A mechanical problem
(D) Weather conditions
96. Look at the graphic. What time
will the bus leave?
(A) 10:30 a.m
(B) 13:30 p.m
(C) 15:00 p.m
(D) 17:00 p.m
97. What are the listeners reminded to do?
(A) Use an alternative means of transportation
(B) Keep an eye on their valuables
(C) Have their travel documents ready
(D) Take snacks to eat onboard
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98. According to the speaker, what is the center’s main concern?
(A) Meeting health regulations
(B) Buying a customer courtesy bus
(C) Finding new customers.
(D) Hiring new personal trainers.

99. Look at the graphic. What survey result

does the speaker want to address?
(A) Better showers
(B) New towels
(C) Improved lockers
(D) Cleaner outfits

100. What does the speaker ask the listeners to do?

(A) Think of ideas for interior renovations
(B) Help interview new trainers
(C) Show potential clients around a gym
(D) Help out with a publicity campaign

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Unit 02: Public Announcements
♫ Warm-up with Essential Sentences Listen and fill in the blanks
with the missing words 111. mp3

□ Airports/ Airplanes
 Flight 399 to Boston (1) _________________ a severe snowstorm in Boston.
* be delayed/ due to ~/ severe
 We expect the weather to (2) _____________________, so please be patient.
*let up

□ Department Stores/ Shopping Malls

 We have (3) _____________. Be sure to check them out before you make your
way to the register.
* produce section/ register
 A number of shoppers have complained about (4)_________ near the entrance
doors.
* entrance door

□ Libraries
 All book and magazines should be returned to (5) _______________ instead of
being put back by patrons.
* patron
 Please check out any reading materials that you want at this time, as the library
(5)___________________.

□ Theaters/ Parks
 This year’s event is (7) ________________ last year’s in Las Vegas and has more
than 1,000 vendors participating.
* vendor
 The performance will last for approximately 4 and a half hours. There will be
(8)___________ after the fourth act.
* intermission

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 112.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following announcement. Vocabulary

1. What is the purpose of the announcement? make up for
(A) To let the visitors know of the closing time. accommodate
(B) To invite people to a special book reading event. meet the demand
(C) To inform the listeners of a new coffee shop.
(D) To ask for the return of goods to their original place.
2. Where is the announcement being made?
(A) At a coffee shop.
(B) At a library.
(C) At a mall.
(D) At a photocopy store.
3. According to the speaker, what is the reason for the extended
hours?
(A) To make up for lost time.
(B) To try to make more sales.
(C) To accommodate the holiday shoppers.
(D) To meet the demands of the customers.

Vocabulary
Dictation Listen to the announcement and write down the missing patron
words. photocopy
Attention all patrons! The library is expected to (1) check out
_________________. If you have not finished your photocopying reading material
or (2) __________________ yet, please do so at this time. Please be reminded
Please be reminded that the library will be closed tomorrow that ~
(3)__________________. Therefore borrowed book due dates will national holiday
(4) ___________________. due date
For your convenience, (5) ___________________ at six a.m. the extra
day after tomorrow. We hope that the extended hours will (6) extended
______________ due to the national holiday. floor
Please also be informed that (7) _________________ will also close
in fifteen minutes. Thank you for your attention.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following announcement. Vocabulary
4. Who is the announcement intended for? under construction
(A) Company employees. break down
(B) Visitors to the building. cab
(C) Dilivery personnel.
(D) Parking authorities.
5. Why is the announcement being made?
(A) A visitor has arrived.
(B) The south lot is full.
(C) A car is illegally parked.
(D) An accident has occurred.
6. What should the owner of the vehicle do?
(A) Pay for parking.
(B) Move the car.
(C) Talk to a parking attendant.
(D) Come to the front gate.

Dictation Listen to the announcement and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. license plate
May I have your attention please. At the moment, there is black fire hydrant
sports car with the license plate number ‘IMEZ’ be informed
(1)___________________ in front of the fire hydrant. remove
We have been informed by the parking authorities that if the vehicle far away
is not immediately removed, (2) vehicle
________________________________. reserved
We recommend (3) ___________________ with the other vehicles
in the lot on the south side.
That section has been (4) __________________ to our building.
Thank you.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 4 key expressions
113.mp3

 Please stay tuned

Please stay tuned for traffic updates every hour on the hour.
 We are expecting ~
We are expecting heavy snowfall this weekend.
 This is (name) with (program)
Good morning, this is Barbara Klish with today’s weather.
 We request that S + V
We request that you turn off your cell phones before the ceremony begins.
 I’ll get back to you as soon as possible.
If you leave your number I’ll get back to you as soon as possible.
 It is my (great) pleasure to + V
It’s my great pleasure to introduce our renowed guest speaker to you.
 I take great pleasure in ~ing
As the founder of Geo-Chemicals, I take great pleasure in presenting these awards to those
of you who have been with me since I started the company.
 It gives me great pleasure to + V
It gives me great pleasure to introduce our renowned guest speak to you.
 I’m happy to + V
Today, I’m happy to announce to you that Brenda Souza will be joining us as of the first of
November.
 I’m pleased to + V
I’m pleased to announce the winner of the 5th International Car Design Contest
 S is[are] having a sale
This week only, Antique Furniture is having a sale.
 S is[are] 20% off the regular price
All of our computers are 20% off their regular price for this week only.
 as ~ know
As you all know, Stanley Blaine is retiring at the end of the month.
 be due to + V
The construction work is due commence next week and it’s expected to take about ten months
to complete.
 We appologize for ~
We sincerely appologize for any inconvenience this delay may cause you.
 Be sure to + V
The sale is over on August 1st, so be sure to make your purchases before then.

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 114.mp3

1. Who is the audience of this talk? 7. Who is the most likely giving the
(A) Company employees. talk?
(B) Warehouse employees. (A) An athlete.
(C) Volunteers. (B) An employee of the center.
(D) Students. (C) A community member.
2. According to the speaker, what is not (D) A war veteran.
part of the work the listeners will engage 8. What is a requirement mentioned
in? by the speaker?
(A) Lifting boxes onto a delivery truck. (A) A fee to maintain the community
(B) Distributing food to the needy. center.
(C) Taking care of children. (B) The enrollment of a minimum
(D) Taking inventory of the stock. number of residents.
3. What does the speaker mention about (C) Parental supervision of minors at all
those under the age of 16? times.
(A) They must be accompanied by an adult (D) A babysitter for the infants of the
guardian. employees.
(B) They have to get written permission from 9. Which of the following is not part of
their parents. the center?
(C) They will not be accepted due to the (A) A game room.
nature of the law. (B) A swimming pool.
(D) They can only come on weekends when (C) A tennis court.
there is no school. (D) A health club.
4. What does the speaker ask the 10. What is the causing the schedule
participants to do? changes?
(A) To get their picture taken. (A) Weather conditions.
(B) To pick up their identification cards. (B) Overbooked flights.
(C) To take their seats at the lecture room. (C) An Airline employee strike.
(D) To get their materials. (D) A security alert.
5. What does the speaker remind the 11. Which of the following flights has
listeners to bring? been cancelled?
(A) Photo ID. (A) Flight number 776.
(B) Credit card. (B) Flight number 777.
(C) Entrance ticket. (C) Flight number 789.
(D) Notebook. (D) Flight number 790.
6. What should one do if help is needed? 12. According to the speaker, what
(A) Talk to the speaker. suggestion is given to those passengers
(B) Go to the nearest booth. who must leave town immediately?
(C) Telephone a technician. (A) Drive their cars.
(D) Refer to the guidelines. (B) Cancel their trips.
(C) Contact their travel agents.
(D) Talk to an airline staff member

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 .

Unit 03: Advertisements, Radio Broadcasts,

and Traffic Announcements

♫ Warm-up with Essential Sentences Listen and fill in the blanks

with the missing words 115. mp3

□ Advertisements
 If you’re looking for a deal on electronics, you won’t want to miss JJ’s (1)
________ _____________.
 Our classes include computer data entry and appliance repair. We also (2)
________ ___________ for those who qualify and offer job placement service.
* financial aid/ job placement service

□ Radio Boadcasts
 At 8:00 p.m., the 2006 music festival at the Prince Music Theater will (3)
______________.
* be televised live
 Surprisingly, the blizzard did not cause too much property damage .
(4)______________, however, is making getting around town very difficult for
everyone.
* blizzard/ property damage

□ Weather Forecasts/ Traffic Announcements

 According to the weather forecast, cooler winds are slowly moving into our area
from the western part of the country and are (5) __________________.
* weather forecast/ be expected to ~
 The South is still struggling with (6)___________________ Andy as scattered
thundershowers are still reported.
* be struggling with/ tropical storm/ scattered
 All bridges into the city except the Geoge Washington Bridge, where there is (7)
________________ , are flowing smoothly.
* flow smoothly

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 116.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following announcement. Vocabulary

1. What is being advertised? equipment
(A) Children’s toys. roll
(B) Recording equipment. childcare
(C) Video cassette recorders. exercise
(D) Rolls of film.
2. What kind of business is Petersons’?
(A) A movie theater.
(B) A fitness equipment store.
(C) An electronics shop.
(D) A photo studio.
3. According to the advertisement, what is available at the store?
(A) A childcare center.
(B) Videographers.
(C) Photo albums.
(D) An exercise room.

Dictation Listen to the announcement and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. children’s memories
Everyone wished to (1) _____________________, including their first step
first steps, their first hit, or their first date. first hit
What better way to remember them than to (2) tread machine (=
____________________. treadmill)
This year, (3)______________________ that you promise to use in the end
but, which in the end winds up collecting dust in the corner of your wind up ~ing
living room, consider (4) _____________________ all of your collecting dust
child’s precious moments. capture
Come to Petersons’ this holiday season, (5) ___________________. videographer
We have the best selection of consumer electronic goods.
In addition, we have (7) _________________ who will know
exactly what you need to make those memories unforgettable ones.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following broadcast. Vocabulary
4. What is featured on this radio program? viewpoint
(A) Classical music. healing
(B) Religious viewpoints. tune
(C) European politics. hardship
(D) Heathy food. write
5. What does the speaker say the music from Hungary reflects?
(A) The political changes in the 21st century.
(B) Healing powers from its tune
(C) The hardship of its people.
(D) Changing thoughts toward religion.
6. What does Mr.Single claim?
(A) He wrote many famous musical pieces.
(B) He is a born again Christian.
(C) He was cured of his illness by music.
(D) He was once a part of a great orchestra.

Dictation Listen to the broatcast and write down the missing words. Vocabulary
You’re listening to ‘(1)___________________,’ and I’m your host, host
Dick Johnson. reflect
That, ladies and gentlmen, was a piece we heard from Hungary – society’s attitude
reflecting (2) _________________________________________. toward ~ upcoming
It can be found in an upcoming compilation to be released next compilation
month with other (3) __________________________________. release
Up next, we’ll hear from a man who believes (4) Up next ~
__________________ his illness entirely. cure
Mr. Craig Single, who lived through life with a rare lung disease rare lung disease
swears that (5) ______________________________ of his illness.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 4 key expressions
117.mp3

 be interested in
I reviewed the proposals you submitted to us and I am very interested in discussing the
details with you.
 The message is for
Hello. This message is for Michelle Parker in the Personnel Department.
 I’m calling about
Hi, Ms.Galloway, this is Paul. I’m calling about the meeting scheduled for Wednesday.
 We’re sorry to + V
We’re sorry to report that the two p.m. flight to Amsterdam has been cancelled because of
unexpected heavy snowfall.
 now that S + V
Folks, now that we have reached our cruising altitude, I am going to switch the seat belt sign
off.
 I recommend that S + V
I recommend that you remain seated with your seatbelt fastened when you’re not moving
about cabin.
 If you would like to + V
If you’d like to place your order by phone, just press 1 and then you will be connected to our
automated ordering system.
 have trouble[difficulty/ a hard time] + ~ing
Do you have trouble falling asleep due to insomina?
 on behalf to
I am honored to be standing before you today to accept this award on behalf of the many
researchers on our team.
 It is necessary to + V
It is necessary to save all documents property, but you don’t have to shut down the
computers.
 S + take (time)/ It takes (time) to + V
The trip will take approximately 2 hours.
It takes approximately 50 minutes to travel from the airport to the center of the city by car.
 remind A of B / remind A that S + V
I just wanted to remind you of your twelve o’clock appointment tomorrow.
I’d like to remind everyone that construction of the new laboratory will begin on Monday.
 S + take place + A (time) + B (place)
The party will take place next Thursday affternoon at the cafeteria
 Please notify + (person), if you ~
Please notify the training supervisor if you’ll be unable to attend.
 S + show[indicate] that S + V
The study released by National Hospital indicates that people are becoming more health
conscious.
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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 118.mp3

1. Who is most likely speaking? 6. When will Yonge Street reopen to

(A) An athlete. the citizens?
(B) A rental manager. (A) At 11 a.m.
(C) A building tenant. (B) At 12 p.m.
(D) A building caretaker. (C) At 1 p.m.
2. What does the speaker say about the (D) At 2 p.m.
building? 7. Who might be most interested in
(A) Most of the tenants are famous athletes. this ad?
(B) There are presently no units available for (A) Those that attending college.
rent. (B) Those that don’t have much time in a
(C) It is located next to the waterfront. day.
(D) The sports center is closed for the time (C) Those that want to learn about
being. computers.
3. According to the speaker, which of the (D) Those that are good with computers.
following is not available to the residents? 8. What is Investahome Institute?
(A) An indoor sauna. (A) A business college.
(B) Tennis courts. (B) An investment firm.
(C) Squash courts. (C) An online school for adults.
(D) A swimming pool. (D) A real estate office.
4. Why will local traffic be rerouted? 9. What is being offered for those who
(A) A big accident has occured. act now?
(B) A famous person will be visting the city. (A) A reduction in the course tee.
(C) Road construction is taking place. (B) A free tour of the campus.
(D) The bus drivers have gone on strike. (C) A deal on a computer.
5. What are travelers who use Yonge Street (D) A collection of books.
to get downtown advised to do?
(A) Take the bus.
(B) Take a different road.
(C) Stay home.
(D) Leave a little earlier.

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Unit 04: News
♫ Warm-up with Essential Sentences Listen and fill in the blanks
with the missing words 119. mp3

□ Corporation News
 A shoe manufacturing company that employs over 10 thousand people has (1)
________________ because it simply cannot meet rising labor costs.
* manufacturing company / labor cost
 Experts state that this is mainly due to major corporations (2)
___________________ to foreign countries.
 In mergers and acquisitions news today, Megacomm has announced that it has just
signed a deal with Infoline to (3) _____________________.
* mergers and acquisitions / sign a deal with
 A giant sportwear maker in America announced last week that it will (4)
__________ athletic maternity clothing.
* athletic maternity clothing

□ Local news
 The construction of new multiplex screens on the east lot of the Fairview Mall has
been underway for almost a year and it should be (5) ______________
* be underway for
 Government officials announced today that (6)_________________ that will lead
to the habor will start on October 1st.
* lead to
 The National Labor Department released unemployment figures this morning, and
unemployment (7)____________________ last quarter.
* unemployment

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 120.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following news report. Vocabulary

1. What is the report mainly about? rate
(A) A university baseball team.
(B) An upcoming draft pick.
(C) The trade of players.
(D) The selling of a sporting team.
2. According to the speaker, who is rated as the most favorite by
the fans?
(A) Dale Jones.
(B) Jon Rollin.
(C) Skipper Thomas.
(D) Derrick Davis.
3. According to the sports critics, who is fast in the field?
(A) Skipper Thomas.
(B) Derrick Davis.
(C) Chris Stone.
(D) Dale Jones.

Dictation Listen to the new sport and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. draft pick
This week, the LA Dodgers, the major league baseball team for the upcoming
city of Los Angeles, is going to (1) _______________________ for hometown favorite
next season. sports critics
Among the hopefuls are (2) _______________________. They versatility
include Chris Stone from Duke University, Dale Jones from MSU, good eye at the plate
Jon Rollin from Stanford, Skipper Thomas from FSU, and Derrick a bullet of an arm
Davis from UCLA.
(3)______________________, Derrik Davis is the hometown
favorite. However, (4) _____________________, Chris Stone or
Skipper Thomas will most likely get picked.
Chris has tremendous versatility on the field (5)
___________________, while Skipper (6) ________________ and
a bullet of an arm.
In addition, we have (7) _________________ who will know
exactly what you need to make those memories unforgettable ones.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following news report.
4. What is being built?
(A) A road.
(B) A harbor.
(C) A government building.
(D) A clock.
5. When will construction start?
(A) Today.
(B) In October.
(C) At the end of the year.
(D) Next summer.
6. How much time is expected to be saved in commuting?
(A) 30 minutes both ways.
(B) 60 minutes each way.
(C) 15 minutes both ways.
(D) 45 minutes one way.

Dictation Listen to the news report and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. government official
Government officials from Union Bay announced today that lead to
(1)___________________ that will lead to harbor will be completed
(2) ______________________________________. alleviate
They hope that the road will be completed (3) crowdedness
_____________________ to alleviate the rush and crowdedness of commuter
the season. congestion
Commuters who are currently using Highway 103 will be able to use one way
the new road, which is expected to help ease the congestion on that
road during rush hour (4) _____________________ of next year.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 4 key expressions
121.mp3

 S + will be closing ~
We will be closing at one o’clock today in order to take inventory of the library’s holdings.
 S + is[are] asked to + V
Passengers are asked to remain inside the station so they can hear any boarding and delay
announcements.
 be invited to + V
I can’t tell you how honored I am to be invited to speak to you today.
 be located in[at/on]
The Metropolitan Museum of Art is located at the intersection of 2nd and 23rd Street.
 I hope (that) S + V
I hope that you will find this workshop to be useful.
 look forward to ~ing [noun]
I look forward to working with you to continute achieving our goals.
 Thank you for calling + (section)
Thank you for calling Netcom’s customer service center.
 You’re listening to ~
You’re listening to ‘Asian Music Tour’, and I’m your host, Dick Anderson.
 S + be open from A (time) to B (time)
Our retail store is open from 9:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Monday through Saturday.
 If you have any problems with A (noun), please + V
If you have any problems with the new sofware, please contact the techniccal support
divison.
 S + will be available for use by + (point of time)
The indoor tennis courts currently under construction will be available for use by early next
year.
 For more information, (please) feel tree to + V
For more information about our MBA degree programs, please feel free to contact us at any
time.
 We regret that S + V / We regret to + V
Please remember that protective gear must be worn at all times.
First of all, remember to wear safety goggles and gloves.
 The purpose of this meeting is to + V
The purpose of this meeting is to discuss way of enhancing the working relationships within
this corporation.
 so such short notice
Thank you for coming to this group meeting on such short notice.

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 122.mp3
1. What is the report about ? 5. What will happen next Monday?
(A) The nation’s largest food convention. (A) The major of the city will make an
(B) The opening of a new food company. announcement.
(C) The celebration of a company’s birthday. (B) A new section of the library will be
(D) An investment opportunity. available for use.
2. How old is the company being (C) The construction of the new building
mentioned? will commence.
(A) 1 year old. (D) The business leaders will meet with
(B) 15 years old. the press.
(C) 25 years old. 6. According to the speaker, how was
(D) 50 years old. the money raised?
3. According to the report, what is the main (A) Local businessmen made
cause of the company’s success? contributions.
(A) The company workers owning a part of (B) The govement gave a grant.
the company. (C) They held many charity events.
(B) The high wages the workers are receiving. (D) The citizens made donations.
(C) The generosity of the owner in helping the 7. What is being reported?
unprivileged. (A) The opening of a new theater.
(D) The attention it received from the local (B) The construction of a new mall.
media. (C) The picketing of the storeowners.
4. What is the purpose of the report? (D) The rise of sale at the mall.
(A) To announce the move of the library. 8. When did the construction begin?
(B) To connect donations to buy new books. (A) Two months ago.
(C) To introduce a new section of the library. (B) Six months ago.
(D) To notify people of the new hours of the (C) Twelve months ago.
library. (D) Sixteen months ago.
9. According to the report, why are the
storeowners of the mall eagerly
waiting for the opening of the new
complex?
(A) It is expected to raise their sales.
(B) They like watching movies.
(C) It will hike up the real estate value.
(D) They have made an investment in it.

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Unit 05: Recorded Messages, Operating and
Sightseeing Instructions

♫ Warm-up with Essential Sentences

Listen and fill in the blanks with the missing words 123. mp3

□ Recorded Messages
 Thank you for calling the Norwalk Hospital. If you know (1)
________________ you’re trying to reach, please enter it now.
* extension
 This message is for Debra Anderson. My name is Amy Granger and I am
responding to your advertisement (2) ___________________ in your Accounting
Department.
* regarding/ (job) opening

□ Operating Instructions
 First, place the original face down here, and then (3) ______________ you’d
like to copy. The ten trays on the side here separate the copies you are making.
 Here a tip on how to bake bread. One of the biggest mistakes people make when
they bake bread is (4)_________________ in the oven.
* fluctuation

□ Sightseeing Instructions
 The tram will be arriving shortly to take you up to the beatiful museum and
garden. The tram travels (5) ______________________.
* tram
 Welcome aboard our sunset dinner cruise around the harbor. Our luxury boat
will cruise for an hour around the harbor to give you (6)_________________ from
the water.
* cruise/ harbor
 If you look to the right side of the bus, you will see the Samatian Gorge. It is
(7)____________________ and was formed over ten million years ago.
* gorge/ be formed

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 124.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following message. Vocabulary

1. What day is it? occupation
(A) Monday. page
(B) Tuesday. answering machine
(C) Saturday.
(D) Sunday.
2. What is the speaker’s occupation?
(A) A freelance writer.
(B) A journalist.
(C) A barber.
(D) A travel agent.
3. What does the speaker ask the caller to do?
(A) To call back another time.
(B) To page him on his pager.
(C) To leave a message on the answering machine.
(D) To come to his house quickly.

Dictation Listen to the recorded message and write down the Vocabulary
missing words. at the moment
Thank you for calling John Smith (1) study
__________________________. pulling my hair out
I am terribly sorry, but I (2) __________________________ at the urgent
moment because I am probably sitting at my study pulling my hair kindly
out trying to write my book. nag
Or, I might be (3)______________________ with my dog at a publisher
nearby park. meet the dealine
In any case, I do hope that (4) _____________________, and if hang up
you’d kindly leave a short message, I will try to get back to you as beep
soon as possible.
However, it this is my publisher and you are calling to nag me
about (5) ___________________, please hang up immediately.
I’ve gone on a vacation far away to the other side of globe. Thank
you, and I do hope this is not a call from my publisher. Oh, (6)
_____________________.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following instructions. Vocabulary
4. What is the purpose of the talk? provide
(A) To provide tips on how to communicate with business people. tip
(B) To teach the staff to become better salespeople. communicate with
(C) To make some sales of their products to potential buyers. potential
(D) To give lessons on how to become a better speaker. recommend
5. What does the speaker recommend? ignore
(A) To ignore stupid questions. stupid
(B) To give an answer at all time. at all times
(C) To divert questions. divert
(D) To ask many questions. benefit from
6. Who would most likely benefit the most from this talk? administrative
(A) Accountants.
(B) Sales staff.
(C) Computer programers.
(D) Business administrative staff.

Dictation Listen to the structions and write down the missing Vocabulary
words. politely
When you are in a situation where you find a difficult to answer a avert
question, try politely to (1)___________________ but not exactly avade
the same as the question being asked. question on hand
This way it does not seem like you are (2) distributor
_______________________ yet, you are not directly answering maneuver
the question on hand. This can be performed for many awkward save face
personal questions as well as business ones.
For example, you may be involved in (3)
_____________________ , and he may ask you when the goods
can be delivered to him. Instead of trying to answer a question you
don’t know the answer to, you might want to turn the question
around and ask when he would realistically like the goods to be
delivered.
This type of maneuvering can (4) _____________________ in
front of many important people.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 4 key expressions
125.mp3

 We’re offering discounts on + (items)

We are offering discounts on all of our video editting products.
 an hour from now
We’ll be on the ground an hour from now.
 conduct research projects
Our guest speaker has conducted many major research projects and currently teaching at
Michigan University.
 increase[raise] public awareness of
As director of Public Relations, I have taken a number of steps in increase public awareness
of our products.
 I honored to V
Thank you very much. I’m honored to be here and truly happy to receive this award.
 a wealth of experience
He is an expert in the field of telecommunications with a wealth of experience.
 what with
Vacations can be exhausting, what with shopping and sightseeing and trying to enjoy
yourself every minute.
 wind up a meeting
Before we wind up our meeting, I need to convey a message from the building maintenance
department.
 Please note (that) S + V
Please note that the staff meeting scheduled for this Friday has been moved to next Tuesday.
 S (person) has been with (company) + for (duaration of time)
Mr. Rodriguez has been with Uni-Tech Corporation for 20 years.
 Please refrain from ~ing
For other moviegoers, please refrain from talking during the film.
 I am away from my desk at the moment.
I’m away from my desk at the moment. If you’d like to leave a message, please do so after
the tone.
 fall behind in
Due to high sales and increased orders, we are falling behind in our output this month.
 We are in need of ~
If you didn’t get a job yet, I thought you might want to know that we are in need of an
electrical engineer.
 Please stay on the line.
Please stay on the line, and an operator will be with you in a moment.
 You will find low prices on + (product)
This week, D&G Apparel is having a spring sale. You’ll find low prices on all winter
clothing, including coats, hats, and gloves.
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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 126.mp3

1. Who is the message intended for ? 6. What does the speaker remind the
(A) Telephone operators. listeners to do?
(B) Bank employees. (A) To take some money with them.
(C) Bank customers. (B) To bring along their cameras.
(D) Foreign investors (C) To not be late getting back to the
2. What should a caller do to speak to a bus.
representative? (D) To be careful at the snake farm.
(A) Press 0. 7. What is the purpose of the talk?
(B) Press 2. (A) To give tips on how to quickly climb
(C) Press 9. the corporate ladder.
(D) Wait on the line. (B) To provide advice to people who are
3. According to the speaker, why will some thinking of starting a business.
of the branches close down? (C) To learn to manage one’s workers to
(A) They are not making enough profit. get the most out of them.
(B) They will be merged with other banks. (D) To brainstorm new ideas on the
(C) They will move to another location. products the company should be making.
(D) They are too far away from the city. 8. Who is Michael Bell?
4. Who is the speaker? (A) The speaker.
(A) A snake farmer. (B) The CEO of a company.
(B) A forest ranger. (C) A business owner.
(C) A tour guide. (D) A motivational speaker.
(D) A Buddhist monk. 9. What does the speaker
5. What will they do first? recommend?
(A) Visit a Buddhist temple. (A) To listen to other people’s ideas.
(B) Shop at the city market. (B) To always prepare a business plan.
(C) Walk up the mountain. (C) To have as many investors as
(D) Watch some dangerous snakes. possible.
(D) To use a local bank if possible.

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Unit 06: Work Announcements

♫ Warm-up with Essential Sentences Listen and fill in the blanks with
the missing words 127. mp3

□ Business Schedule Announcements

 The weekly excutive meeting (1) ________________ . Mr.Stark, who was
scheduled to give a presentation, has been held up in a meeting with a client.
* be schedule to
 The regular staff meeting will (2) ___________________ in the conference room.
Please come prepared to make suggestions regarding the staff holiday party.

□ Announcements about Newly Installed Equipment

 A new security system has been installed in our laboratory. In order to gain access
to the laboratory, you need to (3) ______________ and enter your four-digit
personal identification number.
* swipe one’s card/ personal identification number (=PIN)
 (4)_________________ , the new office computers will finally be delivered next
Monday morning.

□ Other announcements
 All (5) ______________________ must be first approved by your manager, who
will submit it to the general manager 5 days in advance.
* approve
 Any line worker interested in working overtime is asked to (6)_____________ by
four o’clock today.
 For all full-time staff, the number of (7)____________________ has been
increased from ten days a year to fifteen.
* full-time staff

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 128.mp3

Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following announcement. Vocabulary

1. What has arrived at the company? form
(A) A package. kit
(B) An order form. head over to
(C) A guest. mail
(D) An emergency kit. delivery
2. What should Ms.Jordon do when she hears the reminder
announcement? shatter
(A) Call the client. return
(B) Head over to the Sales Department. address
(C) Mail a package. sender
(D) Answer the telephone.
3. According to the announcement, what is noted on the
delivery?
(A) A reminder that the contents may be easily shattered.
(B) A memo from the sender on the product’s directions.
(C) A thank you note for ordering from the company.
(D) The return address of the sender.

Dictation Listen to the announcement and write down the Vocabulary

missing words. sale department
Attention Ms.Jordon! you are requested to (1) at this time
________________ at this time. order
(2) __________________________ has just arrived and it needs marked
your attention right away. tragile
If you could immediately (3)______________________ with the attend to
utmost urgency, it would be greatly appreciated. with the utmost
Once again, that’s Ms.Lisa Jordan (4) urgency
_______________________. Thank you.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following announcement. Vocabulary
4. When does the speaker ask the listeners to submit their inquiry
time sheets? bulletin board
(A) Monday. immediate boss
(B) Tuesday.
(C) Wednesday.
(D) Thursday.
5. What will happen if the time sheet is handed in on
Thursday?
(A) The pay will be processed on Friday.
(B) The individual will not get paid until Tuesday.
(C) A penalty will be applied.
(D) The person will get paid early.
6. What should those with inquiries do?
(A) Log on to the company website.
(B) Refer to the company bulletin board.
(C) Get in touch with Mr. Walker.
(D) Ask their immediate bosses.

Dictation Listen to the announcement and write down the Vocabulary

missing words. payroll
Good afternoon, this is Henry Walker time sheet
(1)___________________. As this weekend is a long weekend, printed ~ in block
please sign your time sheets with your name printed on the letters
bottom in block letters, and (2) ____________________ on my intranet
desk (3) _____________________ if you would like to get paid thereon
on Thursday. extension
Sheets received after this time will not be processed until internal messaging
Monday, and you will (4) __________________________. service
If you are not sure where you can get a blank time sheet, please
(5) _______________ under the section ‘time schedules’ and an
icon will be available there under ‘time sheets’.
if anyone has any questions thereon, please (6)
_______________ 1141, or send me a pop-up message from our
internal messaging service.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 4 key expressions
129.mp3

 Any questions may be addressed to + (person/ section)

Any questions may be addressed to Carol Anderson at Public Relations by phone at 327-
8325.
 Considerable efforts are being made to + V
Worldwide, considerable efforts are being made to develop advanced nuclear power plants.
 reduce the risk of
University of Texas researchers say that eating vegetables appears to reduce the risk of
developing lung cancer in both smokers and non-smokers.
 This is to announce ~
May I have your attention please? This is to announce the new security procedures, which
will be implemented beginning next month.
 It won’t cost you a thing
And the best part is that it won’t cost you a thing.
 I’d like to welcome you to ~
I’d like to welcome you to the 5th international showcase of traditional Asian artwork.
 There is the possibility of ~
There is the possibility of occasional snow showers during the afternoon.
 with the exception of ~
With the exception of a few snow showers in the Great Lakes region, the Midwest will see a
relatively quiet, but cold day.
 ranging from A to B
High temperatures will be well below seasonal averages, ranging from the tens in parts of
nothern New English to the 40s in Southeast Virginia.
 S + be available at reduced prices
All of our product lines are available at reduced prices.
 S + be strongly encouraged to + V
The nation’s blood supply is critically low, and all eligible citizens are strongly encouraged
to donate.
 do grocery shopping
Tired of doing grocery shopping every other day? Why don’t you sit back and place your
orders via your computer?
 follow safety regulations
All personnel must realize that when they do not follow safety regulations, they endanger not
only their own lives but also they lives of their fellow workers.
 take an opportunity to + V
At this time, I would like to take this opportunity to introduce our new Head of Sales,
William McCormick.

 request an extension
If you are not ready to file your tax return on April 15, you may request an extension of time
to life.
 make room for
The Sun Electronic Corporation will be expanding its warehouse facilities in order to make
room for product storage.

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♫ Check-up Test Check your progress 130.mp3

1. Who is most likely the audience of this talk ? 5. What will happen to those caught not
(A) The sales staff. cleaning up after themselves?
(B) Accountants. (A) They will be tired.
(C) Managers. (B) They will get a warning.
(D) Lawyers. (C) They will not have access to the lounge.
2. What will be sent to the head office? (D) They will be sent home for the day.
(A) Computer disks. 6. What will happen on Friday?
(B) Sales reports. (A) The staff lounge will be off limits.
(C) Employee records. (B) Lunch will be provied to the staff
(D) Daily reports. members.
3. What is causing the change to occur? (C) Leftover food will be thrown out.
(A) A request made by the acting board members. (D) The kitchen staff will clean the kitchen.
(B) An order by the new president who was recently 7. According to the speaker, who is eligible
appointed. to use the facilities?
(C) A new regulation set by the Financial Accounting (A) Those who have been working for at
Services Board. least a year.
(D) An attempt by the managerial staff to improve (B) Staff members who have excelled in
the working conditions. their job performance.
4. What is the purpose of the announcement? (C) Only the managers.
(A) To ask the staff to come in early on Friday. (D) All employees.
(B) To let the workers know of a coming holiday. 8. What will happen if an employee does
(C) To set a new rule for the use of the facilities in not comply with an answer in two days?
the lounge area. (A) The reservation will go to someone else.
(D) To announce the day’s menu at the cafeteria. (B) A small penalty will be applied.
(C) The discounted price will not be
available.
(D) The company will be billed for the
rooms.
9. Why does the speaker tell the listeners
to keep a copy with them?
(A) To get reimbursed for their expense.
(B) To receive a tax break on their income
tax.
(C) To use it to check into the inn.
(D) To show to their managers.

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Unit 07: Reports and Lectures
♫ Warm-up with Essential Sentences Listen and fill in the blanks
with the missing words 131. mp3

□ Work reports
 Our state-of-the-art video game launch will take place next week. That’s (1)
______.
* state-of-the-art/ launch
 Take a look at the screen and you will see the new (2) ___________________. The
addition on the west side of the mall will include 20 new retail stores.
* expanded/ retail store
 Sales are the way down at the moment, but I think we know have (3)
_____________ this company back on track by the end of the year.
* expanded/ retail store

□ Speaker Introduction/ Lecture

 As you know, Mark has been with us for more than 30 years. He (4) __________
and moved his way up to running the Sales Department.
 She will (5)_________________ that have allowed Megatech to again a 30%
market share in just 15 months. Please, welcome Francine Walker to the stage.
* out line/ market share
 Our featured speaker today is Monica Chang, whom you all know by her reputation
as (5) ______________________.
* featured speaker
 As your president, it’s my pleasure to present these awards at the end of our first 10
years of business. Now, as we prepare to begin (7)_____________ , we all
anticipate even more success.
* present an award/ decate

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♫ Give it try Listen and choose the correct answer 132.mp3
Vocabulary
Question 1 ~ 3 refer to the following report. trucking
1. What kind of business is being describled? forgiveness
(A) A tire company. wrongdoing
(B) A trucking company. strict
(C) A research company.
(D) A newspaper company.
2. What is the purpose of the new program?
(A) To regain the trust of the consumers.
(B) To ask for forgiveness for its wrongdoings.
(C) To announce the promotion of its president.
(D) To inform the consumers of its products.
3. What will be implemented by the company?
(A) A new company policy regarding promotions.
(B) A stricter testing of its product.
(C) A new factory assembly line.
(D) A training program for this managers.

Dictation Listen to the report and write down the missing words. Vocabulary
Hankruka’s Tires (1) ________________ in the new quality quality assurance
assurance program. regain
The purpose starting this program was that Hankruka wanted to confidence
(2)______________________ in its products after the recent regarding
scandal regarding the quality and the quantity of rubber that went quantity
into its tires. inadequate
Since its previous testing program proved to be safety measure
(3)_________________, management has requested that a new stringent
more stringent level of testing be implemented to (4) implement
_________________ after the damage caused by the recent scandal. coporate image
In addition, more periodic testing will be implemented by the caused by
Automobile Association to prevent the reoccurrence of a scandal of
similar nature.

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 Question 4 ~ 6 refer to the following report. Vocabulary
4. Who is the main speaker? veterinarian (= vet)
(A) A physician. term
(B) A scientist.
(C) A veterinarian.
(D) A journalist.
5. According to the speaker, what has made the keynotes
speaker become known to all the citizens?
(A) His vision.
(B) His paper.
(C) His media exposure.
(D) His work in his commusity.
6. What is ‘Bonnie and Clyde’?
(A) The name of his pet.
(B) The title of a book.
(C) The nicknames of the research subjects.
(D) The term used to describe the science community.

Dictation Listen to the report and write down the missing words. Vocabulary
It is with pleasure and privilege that I (1)___________________ for privilege
this weekend’s conference, Dr.Ralph Miller. key note speaker
Dr. Miller is already well known among (2) paper
____________________. However, it is (3) genetic cloning
_____________________ that has made him a household name. household name
He has just recently published his latest findings on (4) publish
________________ known to us as ‘Bonnie and Clyde’. vision cloned
It is the vision of Dr.Miller and his team of reseachers to make (5) major organ
_____ _______________ available to every single individual. cloning experiment
If his cloning experiment does actually succeed, it is expected to life expectancy
(6)__________________ to well over 100 years.

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♫ Listen and Listen Again Listen to these Part 4 key expressions
133.mp3
 play an important role in ~
Exercise plays an important role in the retention of bone density in an aging person.
 keep A (person) posted with [on] B
Leave your e-mail address and we will keep you posted on our newest services.
 It has come[been brought] to A’s attention that S + V
It has come to management’s attention that there is company-wide resistance to taking
responsibility and thinking beyond one’s department.
 be open for business
The Metropolitan Department Store will not be open for business until the renovations have
been finished.
 be closed to the vehicle
Highway 2 will be closed to vehicles from this Thursday to next Tuesday.
 be aware of ~
Since all of you are department heads, it is important that you are awear of your
responsibilities in relation to your staff members.
 lead a free discussion on ~
Rheumatologist Kurt Lewin will lead a free discussion on new treatments for people with
arthritis from 10 a.m to noon.
 have a (thing) ready + to
Please have your tickets ready to hard to the driver as you board.
 receive a ten percent discount on
Passenger vehicles equipped with E-Z Pass will receive a ten percent discount on tolls.
 benefit from ~
I am sure that I will benefit from the information that you have imparted on management
techniques.
 Please keep in mind that S + V
Please keep in mind that you should not wear anything that may be too reflective such as
hairpins or earrings.
 S remain the same
The location and agenda will remain the same.
 be promoted to + (possition)
David Costain was promoted to Director of Public Relations just two years ago.
 taper off
The snow keeps coming although the forecast shows the snow will taper off by the weekend.
 on the east[west/south/north] side of
Visitor parking area is located on the east side of the building.
 go out of business
Small dot-com companies are in danger of going out of business.

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142. mp3

13. What is the problem?

(A) Dr. Lee will be out of town for a week.
(B) There was a confusion with the appointment registration.
(C) The woman called the wrong number.
(D) The woman wasn’t satisfied with the previous meeting.

14. What is the listener asked to do? Schedule Chart

(A) Cancel the man’s reservation.
Day Time
(B) Get his prescription filled at a pharmacy.
Tuesday 10:00-10:30
(C) Schedule a different date
(D) Call a different doctor’s office Wednesday 12:30-1:00

Thursday 1:30-2:00
15. Look at the graphic. What time was the
Friday 6:00-6:30
listener’s original appointment?
(A) 10:00
(B) 12:30
(C) 1:30
(D) 6:00

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143.mp3
92. Who most likely are the listeners?

(A) Painters
(B) Musicians
(C) Writers
(D) Dancers
93. Look at the graphic. What section
does the speaker want the listeners to sit
in?
(A) Section A
(B) Section B
(C) Section C
(D) Section D
94. What are the listeners asked to do when the show ends?
(A) Exit through the rear door.
(B) Meet up with their families.
(C) Return their dresses.
(D) Answer questions from the audience.

95. What caused the cancelation?

(A) A late passenger

(B) Road construction
(C) A mechanical problem
(D) Weather conditions
96. Look at the graphic. What time
will the bus leave?
(A) 10:30 a.m
(B) 13:30 p.m
(C) 15:00 p.m
(D) 17:00 p.m

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97. What are the listeners reminded to do?
(A) Use an alternative means of transportation
(B) Keep an eye on their valuables
(C) Have their travel documents ready
(D) Take snacks to eat onboard
________________________________________________________________________

98. According to the speaker, what is the center’s main concern?

(A) Meeting health regulations
(B) Buying a customer courtesy bus
(C) Finding new customers.
(D) Hiring new personal trainers.
99. Look at the graphic. What survey result
does the speaker want to address?
(A) Better showers
(B) New towels
(C) Improved lockers
(D) Cleaner outfits
100. What does the speaker ask the listeners to do?
(A) Think of ideas for interior renovations
(B) Help interview new trainers
(C) Show potential clients around a gym
(D) Help out with a publicity campaign

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ACTUAL TEST

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 TOEIC ACADEMY Get your best score

MỤC LỤC
PART 5 + 6 ................................................................................................................................................... 1
NOUNS..................................................................................................................................................... 2
PRONOUNS............................................................................................................................................ 11
ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS ................................................................................................................... 26
COMPARISONS ...................................................................................................................................... 33
TENSES................................................................................................................................................... 40
ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE ....................................................................................................... 52
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ................................................................................................................. 61
TO – INFINITIVES ................................................................................................................................... 72
GERUNDS............................................................................................................................................... 80
ADJECTIVE CLAUSES .............................................................................................................................. 92
PREPOSITIONS & CONJUNCTIONS....................................................................................................... 102
ACTUAL TEST ....................................................................................................................................... 122
PART 7 ..................................................................................................................................................... 129
CHAPTER 1: TYPES OF QUESTIONS ...................................................................................................... 130
CHAPTER 2: TYPES OF PASSAGES ........................................................................................................ 154
CHAPTER 3 : MULTIPLE PASSAGES (DOUBLE PASSAGES AND TRIPLE PASSAGES) .............................. 200
ACTUAL TEST ....................................................................................................................................... 213
LISTENING SECTION................................................................................................................................. 235
- PART 1 - ............................................................................................................................................. 235
ACTUAL TEST ....................................................................................................................................... 277
- PART 2 - ............................................................................................................................................. 281
Unit 01: Where – Questions ............................................................................................................ 284
Unit 02: When-Questions................................................................................................................ 286
Unit 03: Who-Questions.................................................................................................................. 288
Unit 04: How-Questions .................................................................................................................. 290
Unit 05: What-Questions................................................................................................................. 292
Unit 06: Why–Questions ................................................................................................................. 294
Unit 07: Questions with Be/ Have/ Do ............................................................................................ 296
Unit 08: Requests and Suggestions ................................................................................................. 298
Unit 09: Preference Questions ........................................................................................................ 300

413
TOEIC ACADEMY Get your best score

Unit 10: Tag Questions/ Negative Questions .................................................................................. 302

ACTUAL TEST ....................................................................................................................................... 304
- PART 3 - ............................................................................................................................................. 305
Unit 01: Essential Types of Questions ............................................................................................. 308
Unit 02: Conversations between three people ................................................................................. 317
Unit 03: General Business ............................................................................................................... 321
Unit 04: Employment and Promotions............................................................................................ 326
Unit 05: Guest and Visitor Reception .............................................................................................. 331
Unit 06: Orders and Sales ................................................................................................................ 336
Unit 07: Appointments and Meetings ............................................................................................. 341
Unit 08: Food and Meals ................................................................................................................. 346
Unit 09: Pastime .............................................................................................................................. 351
Unit 10: Transportation ................................................................................................................... 356
ACTUAL TEST ....................................................................................................................................... 361
- PART 4 - ............................................................................................................................................. 366
Unit 01: Essential Types of Questions ............................................................................................. 368
Unit 02: Public Announcements...................................................................................................... 377
Unit 03: Advertisements, Radio Broadcasts, and Traffic Announcements ..................................... 382
Unit 04: News .................................................................................................................................. 387
Unit 05: Recorded Messages, Operating and Sightseeing Instructions .......................................... 392
Unit 06: Work Announcements....................................................................................................... 397
Unit 07: Reports and Lectures ......................................................................................................... 402
ACTUAL TEST ....................................................................................................................................... 409

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