THEORY OF

ARCHITECTURE
AR. ABEMAR E. GEGANTONI, CUAP

Source
https:http://www.studiolaforte.com/laforteclasses/cross-
 Theory of
Architecture LESSON PLAN
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and
Proxemics WEEK UNITS TOPIC
1 1 Introduction
2-4 2 Architectural Design Process and
methodologies
5 Prelim Exams
6-7 3 Conceptualization techniques of
Architectural Design
8-9 4 Masters of Architecture
10 Midterm Exams
11-13 5 Functional Concepts and their interior
environments
14-15 6 Value, Aspirations and Culture
16 End Term Exams
 Theory of
Architecture LESSON PLAN
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and TOPIC OBJECTIVE
Proxemics

• What are Architectural Design Processes?

• Design Paradigm, Design Tools, Pre statement
• Problem Statement, Gathering Information, Analysis,
Synthesis and evaluation
• Ergonomics and Proxemics
ERGONOMICS AND
PROXEMICS
 Theory of
Architecture UNIT 2: Architectural Design Process
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and ERGONOMICS AND PROXEMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of • Origin
Ergonomics
• Domains of • Importance of Ergonomics
Specialization • Domains of Specialization
• Principles of • Principles of Ergonomics
Ergonomics
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and ORIGINS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of • ‘Ergon’ – Work or Labor ; ‘Nomos’ – Neutral Law
Ergonomics
• Domains of • Wojciech Jastrzebowski – polish scholar in his book
Specialization “An Outline of Ergonomics” (1857), later translated
• Principles of into English
Ergonomics
• “De Morbis Artificum Diatriba” by Bernardino
Ramazzini, an Italian Physician
• Systematized relationship between working
condition and pathology
• Awkward working postures on worker’s bodies
were referred to as diseases observed among metal
mining workers
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and ORIGINS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of • Scientific discipline concerned with the understanding
Ergonomics
• Domains of of interactions among humans and other elements
Specialization of the system
• Principles of • Profession that applies in theories, principles, data to
Ergonomics
design in order to optimize human well-being and
overall system preference.
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and ORIGINS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of • Built environment
Ergonomics
• Domains of • Furniture
Specialization • Tools and equipment
• Principles of • Handheld devices and appliances
Ergonomics
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and IMPORTANCE OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of A. INCREASES PRODUCTIVITY
Ergonomics
• Domains of • Better ergonomic solutions can yield higher
Specialization productivity rate
• Principles of • Reduces unwanted tension and stress
Ergonomics

B. REDUCES THE COST

• Considered as a one-time investment
• Reduces cost of compensation that would
result from injured or unhealthy staff
• Reduce cost incurred due to injuries

C. IMPROVE QUALITY OF WORK

• Improve favorable environment where the
workers can work efficiently
• Improved ergonomics can result to better
quality of work
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and VALUE OF ERGONOMICS TODAY
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of • Many people suffer because of conditions in their
Ergonomics
• Domains of work and home environment that cannot meet their
Specialization needs, abilities and limitations which affects their
• Principles of safety, welfare, organization and societies
Ergonomics
• High technologies can make our lives more efficient
and exciting, but can overlook human factor risks
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and DOMAINS OF SPECIALIZATION
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of A. PHYSICAL ERGONOMICS
Ergonomics
• Domains of • Human Anatomical, Anthropometric,
Specialization physiological, and biomechanical characteristics
• Principles of as they relate to activity.
Ergonomics
• Posture, material handling, repetitive
movements, work related musculoskeletal
disorders, workplace layout, safety and health
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and DOMAINS OF SPECIALIZATION
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of B. COGNATIVE ERGONOMICS
Ergonomics
• Domains of • Mental processes such as – perception,
Specialization memory, reasoning, motor response that may
• Principles of affect human interaction with the other elements
Ergonomics
• Mental workload, decision making, skilled
performances, human-computer interactions,
human reliability, work stress and training
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and DOMAINS OF SPECIALIZATION
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of C. ORGANIZATIONAL ERGONOMICS
Ergonomics
• Domains of • Optimization of sociotechnical system –
Specialization organizational structures, policies, processes
• Principles of • Communication, crew resources management,
Ergonomics
work design, working time, teamwork,
participatory design, community ergonomics,
cooperative work, new work program, virtual
organization, teamwork and quality
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. WORK IN NEUTRAL POSTURE – Proper posture
Ergonomics
• Domains of maintenance
Specialization 2. REDUCE EXCESSIVE FORCE
• Principles of 3. KEEP EVERYTHING IN REACH
Ergonomics
4. WORK AT PROPER HEIGHT
5. REDUCE EXCESSIVE MOTIONS
6. MINIMIZE FATIGUE AND STATIC LOAD
7. MINIMIZE PREASURE POINTS
8. PROVIDE CLEARANCE
9. MOVE, EXERCISE and STRETCH
10. MAINTAIN COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. WORK IN NEUTRAL POSTURE – Proper posture
Ergonomics
• Domains of maintenance
Specialization
• Principles of
Ergonomics
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. WORK IN NEUTRAL POSTURE
Ergonomics
• Domains of 2. REDUCE EXCESSIVE FORCE – Excessive
Specialization pressure to joints causes injury
• Principles of 3. KEEP EVERYTHING IN REACH
Ergonomics
4. WORK AT PROPER HEIGHT
5. REDUCE EXCESSIVE MOTIONS
6. MINIMIZE FATIGUE AND STATIC LOAD
7. MINIMIZE PREASURE POINTS
8. PROVIDE CLEARANCE
9. MOVE, EXERCISE and STRETCH
10. MAINTAIN COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. WORK IN NEUTRAL POSTURE
Ergonomics
• Domains of 2. REDUCE EXCESSIVE FORCE
Specialization 3. KEEP EVERYTHING IN REACH – Avoid
• Principles of unnecessary stretching and straining
Ergonomics
4. WORK AT PROPER HEIGHT
5. REDUCE EXCESSIVE MOTIONS
6. MINIMIZE FATIGUE AND STATIC LOAD
7. MINIMIZE PREASURE POINTS
8. PROVIDE CLEARANCE
9. MOVE, EXERCISE and STRETCH
10. MAINTAIN COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. KEEP EVERYTHING IN REACH – Avoid
Ergonomics
• Domains of unnecessary stretching and straining
Specialization
• Principles of
Ergonomics
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. WORK IN NEUTRAL POSTURE
Ergonomics
• Domains of 2. REDUCE EXCESSIVE FORCE
Specialization 3. KEEP EVERYTHING IN REACH
• Principles of 4. WORK AT PROPER HEIGHT – makes things easier
Ergonomics
with proper height (ex. tables, desks, chairs)
5. REDUCE EXCESSIVE MOTIONS
6. MINIMIZE FATIGUE AND STATIC LOAD
7. MINIMIZE PREASURE POINTS
8. PROVIDE CLEARANCE
9. MOVE, EXERCISE and STRETCH
10. MAINTAIN COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. WORK IN NEUTRAL POSTURE
Ergonomics
• Domains of 2. REDUCE EXCESSIVE FORCE
Specialization 3. KEEP EVERYTHING IN REACH
• Principles of 4. WORK AT PROPER HEIGHT
Ergonomics
5. REDUCE EXCESSIVE MOTIONS – Avoid repetitive
motions; discomfort and numbness in long duration
6. MINIMIZE FATIGUE AND STATIC LOAD
7. MINIMIZE PREASURE POINTS
8. PROVIDE CLEARANCE
9. MOVE, EXERCISE and STRETCH
10. MAINTAIN COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins 1. REDUCE EXCESSIVE MOTIONS – Avoid repetitive
• Importance of motions; discomfort and numbness in long duration
Ergonomics
• Domains of
Specialization
• Principles of
Ergonomics
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. WORK IN NEUTRAL POSTURE
Ergonomics
• Domains of 2. REDUCE EXCESSIVE FORCE
Specialization 3. KEEP EVERYTHING IN REACH
• Principles of 4. WORK AT PROPER HEIGHT
Ergonomics
5. REDUCE EXCESSIVE MOTIONS
6. MINIMIZE FATIGUE AND STATIC LOAD – common
strenuous work such as holding things for too long
are samples of static; reduce intervals and breaks in
between work
7. MINIMIZE PREASURE POINTS
8. PROVIDE CLEARANCE
9. MOVE, EXERCISE and STRETCH
10. MAINTAIN COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. WORK IN NEUTRAL POSTURE
Ergonomics
• Domains of 2. REDUCE EXCESSIVE FORCE
Specialization 3. KEEP EVERYTHING IN REACH
• Principles of 4. WORK AT PROPER HEIGHT
Ergonomics
5. REDUCE EXCESSIVE MOTIONS
6. MINIMIZE FATIGUE AND STATIC LOAD
7. MINIMIZE PREASURE POINTS – strain in contact
points causes discomfort (ex. Sitting, standing)
8. PROVIDE CLEARANCE
9. MOVE, EXERCISE and STRETCH
10. MAINTAIN COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. WORK IN NEUTRAL POSTURE
Ergonomics
• Domains of 2. REDUCE EXCESSIVE FORCE
Specialization 3. KEEP EVERYTHING IN REACH
• Principles of 4. WORK AT PROPER HEIGHT
Ergonomics
5. REDUCE EXCESSIVE MOTIONS
6. MINIMIZE FATIGUE AND STATIC LOAD
7. MINIMIZE PREASURE POINTS
8. PROVIDE CLEARANCE – work spaces have
enough clearance; to avoid contact with the
environment
9. MOVE, EXERCISE and STRETCH
10. MAINTAIN COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. PROVIDE CLEARANCE – work spaces have
Ergonomics
• Domains of enough clearance; to avoid contact with the
Specialization environment
• Principles of
Ergonomics
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. WORK IN NEUTRAL POSTURE
Ergonomics
• Domains of 2. REDUCE EXCESSIVE FORCE
Specialization 3. KEEP EVERYTHING IN REACH
• Principles of 4. WORK AT PROPER HEIGHT
Ergonomics
5. REDUCE EXCESSIVE MOTIONS
6. MINIMIZE FATIGUE AND STATIC LOAD
7. MINIMIZE PREASURE POINTS
8. PROVIDE CLEARANCE
9. MOVE, EXERCISE and STRETCH – being in one
station can cause discomfort and stiffness
10. MAINTAIN COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. WORK IN NEUTRAL POSTURE
Ergonomics
• Domains of 2. REDUCE EXCESSIVE FORCE
Specialization 3. KEEP EVERYTHING IN REACH
• Principles of 4. WORK AT PROPER HEIGHT
Ergonomics
5. REDUCE EXCESSIVE MOTIONS
6. MINIMIZE FATIGUE AND STATIC LOAD
7. MINIMIZE PREASURE POINTS
8. PROVIDE CLEARANCE
9. MOVE, EXERCISE and STRETCH
10. MAINTAIN COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT –
sufficient lighting, space, temperature, et.c
 Theory of
Architecture ERGONOMICS and PROXEMICS
1. Lesson Plan
2. Ergonomics and SAMPLE REFERENCE
Proxemics
• Origins
• Importance of 1. Vitruvian Man
Ergonomics
• Domains of 2. BP 344
Specialization 3. Architectural Standards
• Principles of 4. Furniture Design
Ergonomics